Editing New Boston, Texas

{{About|the city in northeastern [[Texas]]||New Boston (disambiguation){{!}}New Boston}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = New Boston, Texas
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
<!-- Images -->
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = NE Front Street in New Boston
<!-- Maps -->
| image_map                = TXMap-doton-NewBoston.PNG
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location of New Boston, Texas
| image_map1               = Bowie County NewBoston.svg
| mapsize1                 = 250px
| map_caption1             = 
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Bowie County, Texas|Bowie]]
<!-- Government -->
| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2           = 10.44
| area_land_km2            = 10.36
| area_water_km2           = 0.08
| area_total_sq_mi         = 4.03
| area_land_sq_mi          = 4.00
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.03
<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 4612
| population_density_km2   = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset               = -6
| timezone_DST             = CDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -5
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 364
| coordinates              = {{coord|33|27|41|N|94|25|09|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 75570
| area_code                = [[Area codes 903 and 430|903, 430]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 48-50808<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2411227<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2411227}}</ref>
| website                  = {{URL|www.nbcity.org}}
| footnotes                = 
}}

'''New Boston''' is a city in [[Bowie County, Texas|Bowie County]], [[Texas]], United States. Boston was named for an early storekeeper in the settlement, W.J. Boston. The coming of the railroads led to the location of two more Bostons. A depot was built approximately four miles north of Boston and was named New Boston. The original Boston then became Old Boston. The courthouse was moved to Texarkana in the early 1880s, but a later election carried to move the courthouse back to the geographic center of the county. This location was between the Bostons. The Post Office Department named this location Boston, so Bowie County has claim to three Bostons: New Boston, Boston, and Old Boston. The population was 4,550 at the 2010 census,<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US4850808| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212195841/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US4850808| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): New Boston city, Texas| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=April 16, 2014}}</ref> and 4,612 in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2020 Race and Population Totals |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4850808&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1 |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

==History==

The [[Red River Expedition (1806)]] was stopped by the Spanish in the vicinity of the town.

When the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]] was being constructed {{convert|4|mi|0}} north of the village of Boston (now [[Old Boston, Texas|Old Boston]]) in the summer of 1876, it was clear to many businessmen in the town that it would suffer a serious decline as a result of its distance from the line. At a mass meeting, J. H. Smelser, a local resident and [[surveying|surveyor]] for the railroad, was selected to meet with railroad officials to secure the location of a [[Train station|depot]] at a point on the line nearest to Boston. The negotiations were successful, and in September 1876, lots were laid out and put up for sale on {{convert|100|acre|km2}} that the railroad had purchased. Because most of those engaged in the project were from Boston, the new town was named New Boston.

A [[post office]] was established in 1877 with L. C. DeMorse as [[postmaster]]. The town grew rapidly, and by 1884, it had 400 residents, two churches, a school, several [[Mill (grinding)|mills]] and [[cotton gin|gins]], and a newspaper, the ''New Boston Herald'', edited by W. W. West. A furniture factory and another newspaper, the ''Bowie County Populist'', were added in the 1890s.

By 1900, the town had a population of 762. It grew slowly until the late 1920s, when a short-lived boom raised the population from 869 in 1925 to 1,300 in 1929. The population fell to 949 by 1931. During [[World War II]], the [[Lone Star Army Ammunition Plant]] and the [[Red River Army Depot]] were constructed just southeast of New Boston. The two massive military installations were probably responsible for the town's rapid growth in the 1940s. The population grew from 1,111 in 1940, then to 2,688 in 1950. In 1980, it reached 4,628. Although an [[International Paper]] mill, the Barry Telford [[state prison]] and a few smaller factories provided some industrial base for the town, New Boston depends heavily on the two military installations for its continued prosperity. The town had 5,057 residents in 1990 and 4,550 residents in 2010.

New Boston is known for its Pioneer Days Festival and Rodeo. The townfolk gather at the T&P Trailhead Park for entertainment such as carnival rides, street dances, and live musical and comedy presentations.

On the evening of November 4, 2022, an [[Tornado outbreak of November 4-5, 2022#Simms–New Boston, Texas|EF3 tornado]] hit the western outskirts of the city, causing minor damage.<ref>{{cite web |title=ArcGIS Web Application |url=https://apps.dat.noaa.gov/stormdamage/damageviewer/ |website=apps.dat.noaa.gov |access-date=March 28, 2022}}</ref>

==Geography==

New Boston is located near the center of Bowie County. [[U.S. Route 82 in Texas|U.S. Route 82]] passes through the center of the city, and [[Interstate 30 in Texas|Interstate 30]] runs through the northern part of the city, with access from Exits 199 and 201. By either route, it is {{convert|22|mi}} east to [[Texarkana, Texas|Texarkana]]. I-30 leads southwest {{convert|40|mi}} to [[Mount Pleasant, Texas|Mount Pleasant]], and US 82 leads west-northwest {{convert|70|mi}} to [[Paris, Texas|Paris]]. [[Texas State Highway 8]] leads south {{convert|4|mi}} to [[Old Boston, Texas|Old Boston]], the site of original town settlement in the 1800s, and north {{convert|7|mi|0}} to the [[Red River of the South|Red River]] and the border with the state of [[Arkansas]], continuing into Arkansas as [[Arkansas Highway 41|Arkansas State Highway 41]] to [[De Queen, Arkansas|De Queen]] and junction US Routes [[U.S. Route 70 in Arkansas|70]] and [[U.S. Route 71 in Arkansas|71]]. The [[Red River Army Depot]] borders the southeastern edge of New Boston.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|8.5|km2|order=flip}}, all land.<ref name="Census 2010"/>

===Climate===
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the [[Köppen climate classification]] system, New Boston has a [[humid subtropical climate]], ''Cfa'' on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=72614&cityname=New+Boston%2C+Texas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for New Boston, Texas]</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 273
|1880= 257
|1890= 382
|1920= 869
|1930= 949
|1940= 1111
|1950= 2688
|1960= 2773
|1970= 4034
|1980= 4628
|1990= 5057
|2000= 4808
|2010= 4550
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
|2020=4612}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''New Boston racial composition as of 2020'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4850808&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (NH = Non-Hispanic){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>https://www.census.gov/ {{nonspecific|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|2,900
|62.88%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|977
|21.18%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|34
|0.74%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|36
|0.78%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|4
|0.09%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|15
|0.33%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|367
|7.96%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|279
|6.05%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,612'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 4,612 people, 1,819 households, and 1,152 families residing in the city.

As of the [[census]] of 2000, 4,808 people, 1,968 households, and 1,334 families resided in the city.<ref name="GR2" /> The population density was {{convert|1,377.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 2,229 housing units averaged {{convert|638.4|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 79.49% White, 17.64% African American, 0.75% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.44% from other races, and 1.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.46% of the population.

Of the 1,968 households, 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 17.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were not families; 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the city, the population was distributed as 26.6% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,531, and for a family was $38,542. Males had a median income of $29,940 versus $21,316 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,190. About 11.6% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.9% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==
The [[Barry B. Telford Unit]] of the [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] is in an [[unincorporated area]] near New Boston.<ref>"[http://tdcj.state.tx.us/unit_directory/to.html Telford (TO)]." [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]. Retrieved on September 5, 2015. "3899 Hwy 98, New Boston, TX 75570 "</ref>

===Courthouse===
[[File:BowieCountyCourthouse.jpg|thumb|upright|Bowie County Courthouse]]

On March 4, 1986, a new modern county [[courthouse]] was dedicated in New Boston on the Interstate, but [[Boston, Texas|Boston]] remained the official [[county seat]]. The old Bowie County Courthouse, constructed in Boston in 1889 in the exact geographic center of the county, was abandoned after construction of the new building. On the night of August 13, 1987, the old courthouse was burned by an [[arson]]ist.

==Education==
New Boston is served by the [[New Boston Independent School District]] <!-- (NBISD) --> and home to the [[New Boston High School]] Lions.

==Transportation==

* [[Image:I-30.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 30 in Texas|Interstate 30]]
* [[Image:US 82.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 82 in Texas|U.S. Highway 82]]
* [[Image:Texas 8.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 8|State Highway 8]]

==Notable people==
* [[Devin the Dude]], American rapper, spent some of his high school years here
* [[Jeff Gladney]], [[National Football League|NFL]] cornerback for the [[Minnesota Vikings]]
* [[LaMichael James]], [[National Football League|NFL]] player
* [[Ryan Lynch (racing driver)|Ryan Lynch]], racing driver
* [[Kim Phillips (American football)|Kim Phillips]], [[National Football League|NFL]] CB for the [[New Orleans Saints]] and [[Buffalo Bills]]
* [[R. Gerald Turner]], President of [[Southern Methodist University]] since 1995
* [[Gary VanDeaver]], is a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] member of the [[Texas House of Representatives]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{notelist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.nbcity.org/ City of New Boston official website]
*[https://newbostontx.org/ New Boston Chamber of Commerce]
*[https://newbostonsidc.com/ New Boston Special Industrial Development Corporation]

{{Bowie County, Texas}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Bowie County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texarkana metropolitan area]]