Editing Nemaha County, Nebraska

{{Short description|County in Nebraska, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
| county             = Nemaha County
| state              = Nebraska
| founded            = 1855
| seat wl            = Auburn
| largest city       = Auburn
| area_total_sq_mi   = 410
| area_land_sq_mi    = 407
| area_water_sq_mi   = 2.2
| area percentage    = 0.5%
| census estimate yr = 2021
| pop                = 7064
| density_sq_mi      = 17.2
| web                = nemahacounty.ne.gov/
| ex image           = Nemaha County, Nebraska courthouse from E 2.JPG
| ex image cap       = Nemaha County Courthouse in Auburn
| district           = 3rd
| time zone          = Central
}}

'''Nemaha County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Nebraska]]. As of the [[2020 United States census]], the population was 7,074.<ref name="CountyPop2020-2021">{{cite web |title=County Population Totals: 2020-2021 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=US Census Bureau |access-date=October 21, 2022}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Auburn, Nebraska|Auburn]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref>

In the [[Vehicle registration plates of Nebraska|Nebraska license plate system]], Nemaha County is represented by the prefix 44 as it had the forty-fourth-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922.

==History==
The county forms the core of the [[Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation]] formed in the [[Fourth Treaty of Prairie du Chien]] in 1830 as land for the offspring of traders and Native Americans. The grounds of modern [[Indian Cave State Park]] mark where the county's first community, [[St. Deroin, Nebraska|Saint Deroin]], was founded in 1853 by members of the reservation as a trading post on the Missouri River. When white settlement was permitted in the [[Kansas–Nebraska Act]] of 1854, this area was part of Forney County (named for US cabinet member [[John W. Forney]]) which stretched along the Little Nemaha River from the Missouri River to west of [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]. In 1855 Nemaha County was formally founded with Brownville as its county seat. Johnson County, also founded in 1855, was initially administratively attached to Nemaha, but was organized as a stand-alone county in 1857.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

Brownville was the biggest city in Nebraska at the time and several firsts occurred in the county including: in 1861 the first state [[normal school]] was founded at what today is [[Peru State College]]; [[Daniel Freeman]] filed the first claim under the [[Homestead Act of 1862]] for [[Homestead National Monument of America|land]] on January 1, 1863, at the Brownville land office.<ref>[http://www.nps.gov/home/historyculture/firsthomesteader.htm ''The First Homesteader''  National Park Service]</ref>

The [[Nebraska State Fair]] was held in the county at Brownville in 1870–1871.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

In 1883 the county seat was moved to Auburn.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

In 1974 the [[Cooper Nuclear Station]] was commissioned south of Brownville.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

==Geography==
Nemaha County lies on the eastern edge of Nebraska. Its east boundary line abuts the west boundary line of the state of [[Missouri]] (across the [[Missouri River]]). Most of the county's eastern border follows the [[Missouri River]] bordering [[Atchison County, Missouri]]. In the county's extreme northeast corner, the border follows the river's former course, lying nearly two miles ({{convert|2|mi|disp=output only|sigfig=1}}) east of the present-day channel. This de facto [[enclave]] is [[McKissick Island]]. The Nemaha River flows southeastward through the upper eastern portion of the county, discharging into the Missouri River below the village of [[Nemaha, Nebraska|Nemaha]].<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Nemaha+County,+NE/@40.3681855,-95.9015158,36442m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x8795a9870aa8d3bd:0x3763d47f2283dce6!8m2!3d40.4074745!4d-95.8142885 ''Nemaha County NE''  Google Maps (accessed 25 January 2019)]</ref>

The county's terrain consists of low rolling hills, sloping eastward to the Missouri River valley. Much of the terrain is devoted to agriculture. The county has a total area of {{convert|410|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|407|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|2.2|sqmi}} (0.5%) is water.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_31.txt|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=December 9, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113024152/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_31.txt|archive-date=November 13, 2013}}</ref>

===Major highways===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* [[File:US 75.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 75 in Nebraska|U.S. Highway 75]]
* [[File:US 136.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 136 in Nebraska|U.S. Highway 136]]
* [[File:N-62.svg|20px]] [[Nebraska Highway 62]]
* [[File:N-67.svg|20px]] [[Nebraska Highway 67]]
* [[File:N-105.svg|20px]] [[Nebraska Highway 105]]
{{div col end}}

===Protected area===
* [[Indian Cave State Park]] (part)

===Adjacent counties===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* [[Otoe County, Nebraska|Otoe County]] - north
* [[Atchison County, Missouri]] - east
* [[Holt County, Missouri]] - southeast
* [[Richardson County, Nebraska|Richardson County]] - south
* [[Pawnee County, Nebraska|Pawnee County]] - southwest
* [[Johnson County, Nebraska|Johnson County]] - west
{{div col end}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1860= 3139
|1870= 7593
|1880= 10451
|1890= 12930
|1900= 14952
|1910= 13095
|1920= 12547
|1930= 12356
|1940= 12781
|1950= 10973
|1960= 9099
|1970= 8976
|1980= 8367
|1990= 7980
|2000= 7576
|2010= 7248
|2020= 7074
|estyear=2021
|estimate=7064
|estref=<ref name="CountyPop2020-2021"/>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=US Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=US Decennial Census|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=December 9, 2014}}</ref><br>1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=December 9, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ne190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=December 9, 2014}}</ref><br>1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=December 9, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2013<ref name=QF>{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/31/31127.html|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=September 21, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607151500/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/31/31127.html|archive-date=June 7, 2011}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[2000 United States Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> there were 7,576 people, 3,047 households, and 1,980 families in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|18|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. There were 3,439 housing units at an average density of {{convert|8|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. The racial makeup of the county was 97.60% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 0.36% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.30% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.59% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.04% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.37% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.74% from two or more races. 1.00% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 3,047 households, out of which 29.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.00% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.00% were non-families. 30.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.91.

The county population contained 23.20% under the age of 18, 11.90% from 18 to 24, 23.90% from 25 to 44, 22.70% from 45 to 64, and 18.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 93.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,588, and the median income for a family was $43,780. Males had a median income of $30,956 versus $19,263 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $17,004. About 8.30% of families and 12.60% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 13.20% of those under age 18 and 13.50% of those age 65 or over.

==Communities==
===Cities===
* [[Auburn, Nebraska|Auburn]] (county seat)
* [[Peru, Nebraska|Peru]]

===Villages===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* [[Brock, Nebraska|Brock]]
* [[Brownville, Nebraska|Brownville]]
* [[Johnson, Nebraska|Johnson]]
* [[Julian, Nebraska|Julian]]
* [[Nemaha, Nebraska|Nemaha]]
{{div col end}}

===Unincorporated communities===
* [[Glenrock, Nebraska|Glenrock]]
* [[Howe, Nebraska|Howe]]
* [[Rohrs, Nebraska|Rohrs]]

===Ghost town===
* [[St. Deroin, Nebraska|St. Deroin]]

===Precincts===
Nemaha County has the following precincts (which are similar to [[township]]s)<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nenemaha/neprcnts.html | title=Precincts of Nemaha County NE }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* Aspinwall
* Bedford
* Benton
* Brownville
* Douglas
* Glen Rock
* Lafayette
* London
* [[McKissick Island]]
* Nemaha
* Peru
* St. Deroin
* Washington
{{div col end}}

==Politics==
Nemaha County voters are reliably Republican. In only one national election since 1936 has the county selected the Democratic Party candidate (with that being 1964).
{{PresHead|place=Nemaha County, Nebraska|source=<ref>[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS Election Results]</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|2,443|915|81|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|2,428|921|83|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|2,116|785|260|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|2,012|1,128|74|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|2,134|1,240|100|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|2,595|1,066|54|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|2,177|1,063|129|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|1,888|1,232|515|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|1,696|1,110|1,048|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|2,295|1,457|35|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|2,752|1,004|37|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|2,695|930|286|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|2,093|1,406|45|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|2,600|909|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|2,290|1,023|295|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|1,936|2,084|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|3,031|1,377|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|3,141|1,434|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|3,735|1,432|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|2,413|1,687|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|3,267|1,785|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|3,817|2,549|0|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|2,720|3,459|23|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|2,075|3,593|41|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|3,777|1,767|4|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|2,378|1,871|607|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|2,888|1,512|111|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|1,438|1,658|83|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|672|1,374|941|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1908|Democratic|1,583|1,674|90|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|1,946|786|477|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|1,783|1,779|86|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1896|Democratic|1,449|1,930|44|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1892|Populist|1,105|367|1,226|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1888|Republican|1,427|1,094|245|Nebraska}}
{{PresRow|1884|Republican|1,690|1,207|30|Nebraska}}
{{PresFoot|1880|Republican|1,473|857|8|Nebraska}}

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Nemaha County, Nebraska]]
* [[Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation]]

==External links==
* [http://www.nemahacounty.ne.gov/ Nemaha County Government (Official site)]
* [http://enjoynemahacounty.org/ Nemaha County Tourism Website]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Nemaha County, Nebraska
|North     = [[Otoe County, Nebraska|Otoe County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Atchison County, Missouri]]
|Southeast = [[Holt County, Missouri]]
|South     = [[Richardson County, Nebraska|Richardson County]]
|Southwest = [[Pawnee County, Nebraska|Pawnee County]]
|West      = [[Johnson County, Nebraska|Johnson County]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Nemaha County, Nebraska}}
{{Nebraska}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|40.39|-95.85|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-NE_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Nemaha County, Nebraska| ]]
[[Category:Nebraska counties on the Missouri River]]
[[Category:1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1855]]