Editing Nankana Sahib

{{Redirect|Nankana|the 2018 Punjabi-language film|Nankana (film)}}
{{for multi|the district|Nankana Sahib District|the tehsil|Nankana Sahib Tehsil}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Nankana Sahib - Birthplace of Guru Nanak
| name               = Nankana Sahib
| settlement_type    = [[List of cities in Punjab (Pakistan)|City]]
| native_name        = {{Nastaliq|ننکاݨا صاحب}} <br /> {{Nastaliq|ننكانہ صاحِب}}
| other_name         = ਨਨਕਾਣਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| image_skyline      = The Entrance of Janam Asthan-2.jpg
| imagesize          = 240px
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
| motto              = 
| image_map          = 
| mapsize            = 150 px
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = 
| coordinates        = {{Coord|31|27|0|N|73|42|24|E|type:city_region:PK|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map        = Punjab Pakistan#Pakistan
| pushpin_label_position = left<!-- left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| subdivision_type   = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Pakistan}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Administrative units of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon|Punjab, Pakistan}} [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Divisions of Punjab, Pakistan|Division]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Lahore Division|Lahore]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Districts of Pakistan#Punjab|District]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Nankana Sahib District|Nankana Sahib]]
| population_total   = 130,041
| total_type         = City
| population_as_of   = 2023
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| population_footnotes = 
| leader_party       = The Saathy Party
| leader_name        = Shahzaib Raffique
| area_total_km2     = 
| elevation_m        = 187
| population_density_km2 = 
| blank_name_sec1    = District Council
| blank_info_sec1    = 3 seats
| website            = 
}}
{{Punjabiterm
|sha=نَنْکانَہ صَاحِب
|gur=ਨਨਕਾਣਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
|trg=nankāṇā sāhib|trs=nankāna ṣāḥib|IPA=[nə̃nə̆käːɳa‿s̪äː˧ɪb]}} 

'''Nankana Sahib''' ({{Langx|ur|{{nq|ننکانہ صاحب}}|translit=Nankāna Ṣāhib}}; {{langx|pa|{{Nastaliq|ننکاݨا صاحب}} {{small|([[Shahmukhi]])}}|translit=Nankāṇā Ṣāhib}}) is a city and capital of [[Nankana Sahib District]] in the [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]. It is named after the first Guru of the [[Sikhs]], [[Guru Nanak]], who was born in the city and first began preaching here. Nankana Sahib is among the most important religious sites for the [[Sikhism|Sikh religion]].<ref name="Iqbal 2015">{{cite web | last=Iqbal | first=Amjad | title=Over 2,500 Indian Sikhs attend annual pilgrimage | website=DAWN.COM | date=22 November 2015 | url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1221378 | access-date=20 April 2016 | archive-date=7 January 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107050837/https://www.dawn.com/news/1221378%20 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[http://www.sgpc.net/historical-gurdwaras/gurdwaras_in_pakistan.asp Historical Gurudwaras:Nankana Sahib] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110914043347/http://www.sgpc.net/historical-gurdwaras/gurdwaras_in_pakistan.asp |date=2011-09-14 }}. Sgpc.net. Retrieved on 2011-11-15.</ref> It is located about {{convert|91|km|abbr=on}} west of [[Lahore]] and about {{convert|75|km|abbr=on}} east of [[Faisalabad]].<ref>[http://www.nha.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=403%3Anankana-sahib&catid=62%3Atourism&Itemid=82&showall=1 Nankana Sahib] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222015620/http://nha.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=403%3Anankana-sahib&catid=62%3Atourism&Itemid=82&showall=1 |date=2011-12-22 }}. Nha.gov.pk. Retrieved on 2011-11-15.</ref> According to the census of 2017 the city has a population of 110,135 inhabitants.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politicpk.com/nankana-sahib-district-population-of-cities-towns-and-villages-2017-2018/|title=Nankana Sahib District Population of Cities, Towns and Villages 2017-2018|date=23 May 2018|access-date=21 October 2019|archive-date=21 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721181355/https://www.politicpk.com/nankana-sahib-district-population-of-cities-towns-and-villages-2017-2018/|url-status=live}}</ref> Until 2005, it was a part of the [[Sheikhupura District]].

== History ==
Originally, the locality was founded by a Hindu ruler named Raja Vairat and was originally named Raipur but it was destroyed during the [[Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent|Islamic invasions of the Indian subcontinent]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Bhupender |title=Baba Nanak Shah Fakir |date=December 2022 |publisher=Blue Rose Publishers |isbn=9789357046602 |pages=151 |quote=Talwandi is said to have been originally built by a Hindu king, Raja Vairat. It was sacked and destroyed by fire and crowbar, like most Hindu towns and cities, during the Muslim invasions. Rai Bhullar restored Talwandi (earlier known as Raipur) and built a fort on the summit of the tumulus (ancient burial mound), in which he lived as the secure and happy ruler of a small village, some limited acres of cultivated land, and a boundless wilderness. The Bhatti clan is known to have founded the cities of Bathinda and Jaisalmer, among others. Rai Jaisal Bhatti (who lived around 1000 AD) founded Jaisalmer. One of the descendants of Rai Jaisal Bhatti came out of Jaisalmer, moved towards Punjab and settled down in Lahore. From within the same clan a gentleman named Rai Addel Bhatti (1265–1350), the grandson of Rai Jaisal Bhatti adopted the Islam faith due to the influence of Sufism, but did not leave his Hindu Rajput traditions and culture and Rai Bhoi Bhatti, one of his descendants, established Talwandi Rai Bhoi Khan Ki (today's Nankana Sahib).}}</ref> A later, re-built township on the site of the first settlement was founded during the [[Delhi Sultanate]] rule by [[Rai Bhoe Bhatti|Rai Bhoi]], a [[Rajput]] of [[Bhati]] stock whose Hindu ancestor had converted to Islam due to [[Sufism in India|the influence of Sufism]], and thus was known as Rai-Bhoi-Di-Talwandi.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Khalsa 2010">{{cite web | last=Khalsa | first=Sukhmandir | title=Historical Gurdwaras of Nankana, Pakistan Commemorating Guru Nanak Dev | website=About.com Religion & Spirituality | date=1 January 2010 | url=http://sikhism.about.com/od/gurdwaras/tp/Gurdwaras_of_Nankana_Sahib.htm | access-date=20 April 2016 | archive-date=9 May 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509080502/http://sikhism.about.com/od/gurdwaras/tp/Gurdwaras_of_Nankana_Sahib.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> His great-grand son Rai Bular Bhatti, renamed it as 'Nankana Sahib' after the birth of [[Guru Nanak]]. The [[Gurdwara Nankana Sahib]], originally constructed by [[Sikhs]] during the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] era in around 1600 CE was renovated in 1819–20 CE by Gian-Punjab [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]]{{Cn|date=April 2025}} The Sikh Conference of Panjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Peshawar, Kangra and Hazara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our History {{!}} Nankana Sahib |url=https://nankana.punjab.gov.pk/our_history |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240521071135/https://nankana.punjab.gov.pk/our_history |archive-date=2024-05-21 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=nankana.punjab.gov.pk |language=en}}</ref>

During the [[Akali movement]], on 20 February 1921, Narain Das, the [[Udasi]] mahant (clergy) of the gurdwara at Nankana Sahib, ordered his men to fire on [[Nihang|Akali]] protesters, leading to the [[Nankana massacre]]. The firing was widely condemned, and an agitation was launched until the control of this historic Janam Asthan Gurdwara was restored to the Sikhs.<ref>{{cite news | first = Roopinder | last = Singh | title = Bhagat Singh: The making of the revolutionary | date = March 23, 2011 | url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20110323/main6.htm | work = [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] | access-date = 2011-10-23 | quote = Bhagat Singh was a well-read, articulate young man who significantly impacted Indian history and left behind a legacy that even 80 years after his martyrdom is still very much a part of our cultural ethos | archive-date = 2015-09-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150930145024/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20110323/main6.htm | url-status = live }}</ref> Again in the 1930s and 1940s the Sikhs added more buildings and more architectural design.

==Geography==
Nankana Sahib and it surroundings were formerly a tehsil of [[Sheikhupura District]]. In May 2005, the provincial government raised the status of Nankana Sahib to a district<ref>[http://www.dawn.com/2005/05/10/nat43.htm Nankana becomes a district] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051001033405/http://www.dawn.com/2005/05/10/nat43.htm |date=2005-10-01 }}. Dawn.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-15.</ref> as a way of promoting development in the area. The present status is District Nankana Sahib has three tehsils: Nankana Sahib, Shah Kot, and Sangla Hill.  Before December 2008, District Nankana Sahib also included Safdarabad Tehsil.

There are plans to construct a {{convert|100|acre|abbr=on}} university as well as hospitals and health care facilities by the district government with mutual interest of local communities and family of Rai Bular.<ref>{{cite news | title = Nankana Sahib in Pak to be a recreational village | date = Sep 27, 2003| url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-09-27/chandigarh/27206273_1_nankana-sahib-sikhs-harpal-singh-bhullar | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120726094132/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-09-27/chandigarh/27206273_1_nankana-sahib-sikhs-harpal-singh-bhullar | url-status = dead | archive-date = July 26, 2012 | work = [[The Times of India]] | access-date = 2011-10-23}}</ref>

In 2007, the Pakistan government announced a plan to set up a university on Sikh religion and culture at Nankana Sahib, the birthplace of Guru Nanak. Chairman of Pakistan's Evacuee Trust Property Board (ETPB), Gen (R) Zulfikar Ali Khan, said that "The international [[Baba Guru Nanak University|Guru Nanak University]] planned at Nankana Sahib would have the best architecture, curricula and research centre on Sikh religion and culture".<ref>{{cite news | title = Pak govt plans university at Nankana Sahib | date = Apr 17, 2007 | url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-04-17/pakistan/27871427_1_nankana-sahib-sikh-pilgrims-etpb | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120707214446/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-04-17/pakistan/27871427_1_nankana-sahib-sikh-pilgrims-etpb | url-status = dead | archive-date = July 7, 2012 | work = [[The Times of India]] | access-date = 2011-10-23 }}</ref>

==Notable places==
[[File:Gurdwara Nankana Sahib (15484831395).jpg|thumb|200px|Gurdwara Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Quba Masjid]] (A replica of Quba Masjid of Madina) 
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* Nankana Lake Resort<ref>https://www.facebook.com/NankanaLakeResort/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325213400/https://www.facebook.com/NankanaLakeResort/ |date=2019-03-25 }} {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pakistanhotels.com.pk/nankana-lake-resort-nankana-sahib/ |title=Nankana Lake Resort Nankana Sahib &#124; Pakistan Hotels |access-date=2019-06-08 |archive-date=2019-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608162658/http://pakistanhotels.com.pk/nankana-lake-resort-nankana-sahib/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pakwheels.com/forums/t/nankana-lake-resort-and-gurdwara-nankana-sahib/230787|title=Nankana Lake Resort and Gurdwara Nankana Sahib|access-date=2019-06-08|archive-date=2019-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608162651/https://www.pakwheels.com/forums/t/nankana-lake-resort-and-gurdwara-nankana-sahib/230787|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Residency of [[Baba Guru Nanak]]
*Gurdwara Patti Sahib<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-01-07|title=Explained: What is the historical significance of Nankana Sahib in Pakistan?|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-is-the-historical-significance-of-nankana-sahib-in-pakistan-6203719/|access-date=2021-10-19|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027175417/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-is-the-historical-significance-of-nankana-sahib-in-pakistan-6203719/|url-status=live}}</ref>
*Gurdwara Bal Leela<ref name=":0" />
*Gurdwara Mal Ji Sahib<ref name=":0" />
*Gurdwara Kiara Sahib<ref name=":0" />
*Gurdwara Tambu Sahib<ref name=":0" />
And other historical [[Gurdwara]]s of [[Sikhism]].

==Notable people==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> 
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Guru Nanak]], founder and first of the [[Sikh Gurus]]
* [[Rai Bular Bhatti]]               
* [[Mohammad Irfan (cricketer, born 1995)|Mohammad Irfan]], Pakistani cricketer
* [[Rai Mansab Ali Khan]]
* [[Rai Rashid Ahmed Khan]]
* [[Shizra Mansab Ali Khan]]
* [[Ganga Ram]]
* [[Ijaz Shah]]
* [[Babra Sharif]], film actor
* [[Barjees Tahir]]
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> 
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->

== Demographics ==
{{Pie chart|thumb=right|value2=1.44|value4=0.32|value3=1.33|value1=96.91|color1=darkGreen|color2=Yellow|color3=dodgerblue|color4=darkorchid|label1=[[Islam in Pakistan|Islam]]|label2=[[Sikhism in Pakistan|Sikhism]]|label3=[[Christianity in Pakistan|Christianity]]|label4=Others|caption=Religion in Nankana Sahib (2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/digital-census/detailed-results|access-date=2024-12-08|archive-date=2024-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203030321/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/digital-census/detailed-results|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
The partition of India and Pakistan significantly changed the demographic composition of Pakistan's cities with the vast majority of Hindus and Sikhs having to leave Pakistan and vice versa for Muslims in India.<ref>http://faculty.washington.edu/brass/Partition.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414153300/http://faculty.washington.edu/brass/Partition.pdf |date=2015-04-14 }}  Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 April 2021.</ref> The [[2023 Pakistani census|2023 Pakistani Census]] however showed that while still overwhelmingly Muslim at 97%, there is now a re-established Sikh community in the holy city their founder [[Guru Nanak]] was born in. 

Data from the 2023 census shows that the city of Nankana Sahib has a [[Sikhism in Pakistan|Sikh]] population of 1,875 out of a total population of 130,041. Nankana Sahib is the only city in [[Pakistan]] where Sikhs are the largest minority religion comprising just under 1.5% of the population. There is also a significant [[Christianity in Pakistan|Christian]] population of 1,734 in the city making up 1.3% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TABLE 9 : POPULATION BY SEX, RELIGION AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS - 2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_9.pdf |access-date=8 December 2024}}</ref>

The city is overwhelmingly Punjabi speaking, with [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] speakers comprising over 96.3% of the population. 2.5% also stated [[Urdu]] as their mother tongue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TABLE 11 : POPULATION BY MOTHER TONGUE, SEX AND RURAL/URBAN, CENSUS-2023 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_11.pdf |access-date=8 December 2024 |archive-date=8 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208092942/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_11.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

The average household size in 2023 was 6.3 per household while the 2017-2023 average annual growth rate was 2.82%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=TABLE 1 : AREA, POPULATION BY SEX, SEX RATIO, POPULATION DENSITY, URBAN POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, CENSUS-2023, PUNJAB |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf |access-date=8 December 2024 |archive-date=8 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241208081746/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/punjab/dcr/table_1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Education==
===Universities/Higher Education Institutes===
* [[Virtual University of Pakistan]] Nankana Sahib Campus
* [[Baba Guru Nanak University]]

===Colleges===
{{Cleanup-list|section|date=August 2024}} 
* [[Al-Muarif School & College Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Government College of Commerce Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Government G.N Degree College, Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Government Govt. G.N. Degree College For Women, Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Govt College of Commerce Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Hira Public Higher Secondary Education System]] Nanakana Sahib
* [[Pak Garrison Higher Secondary Education System]] Nanakana Sahib
* [[Punjab Group of Colleges Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Radiant College Nankana Sahib]]
* [[Superior college, Nankana Sahib]]
* [[The City Grammar school & College Nankana Sahib]]
* [[The Message Campus Nankana Sahib]]

===Schools===
* [[Dar-e-Arqam Schools]]
{{Cleanup-list|section|date=August 2024}} 
* [[Allied Schools (Pakistan)]]
* [[Hira Public School]] 
* [[Pak Garrison School]]<ref>[https://web.facebook.com/pgbs.buland/ Pak Garrison Buland School System]</ref>

==See also==
* [[Sikhism in Pakistan]]
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur ]]
* [[Harmandir Sahib]]
* [[Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Nankana Sahib}}
{{Nankana Sahib District}}
{{Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)}}
{{Sikhism}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Cities in Punjab (Pakistan)]]
[[Category:Sikh places]]
[[Category:Sikhism in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Populated places in Nankana Sahib District]]
[[Category:Populated places in Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Guru Nanak Dev]]
[[Category:Memorials to Guru Nanak]]
[[Category:Nankana Sahib District]]