Editing Namibian Defence Force

{{short description|Combined military forces of Namibia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox national military
| name               = Namibian Defence Force
| native_name        =
| image              = Emblem of the Namibian Defence Force.svg
| image_size         = 150px
| alt                = 
| caption            = NDF Tri-Service Emblem
| image2             = Flag of the Namibian Defence Force.svg
| image_size2        = 250px
| alt2               =
| caption2           = NDF Tri-Service Flag
| motto              =
| founded            = {{start date and age|1990|06|02|df=yes}}
| current_form       = 
| disbanded          =
| branches           = {{plainlist|
* {{army|Namibia}}
* {{navy|Namibia}}
* {{air force|Namibia}}
}}
| headquarters       = [[Windhoek]], [[Khomas Region]], Namibia
| flying_hours       =
| website            = [https://www.mod.gov.na/ndf www.mod.gov.na/ndf]
<!-- Leadership -->
| commander-in-chief       = [[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]]
| commander-in-chief_title = [[President of Namibia|Commander-In-Chief]]
| chief minister           =
| chief minister_title     =
| minister                 = [[Frans Kapofi]]
| minister_title           = [[Ministry of Defence (Namibia)|Minister of Defence]]
| commander                = [[Air Marshal]] [[Martin Pinehas]]<ref name="absent">{{cite news|url=http://www.namibiansun.com/government/top-three-absent-mutwas-ndf-inauguration.60906|title='Top Three' absent at Mutwa's NDF inauguration|last=Muraranganda|first=Elvis|date=3 January 2014|work=[[Namibian Sun]]|page=1|access-date=3 January 2014|archive-date=3 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103224508/http://www.namibiansun.com/government/top-three-absent-mutwas-ndf-inauguration.60906|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| commander_title    = [[Chief of the Defence Force (Namibia)|Chief of the Defence Force]]
<!-- Manpower -->
| age                = 18–25 years
| conscription       = No
| manpower_data      =
| manpower_age       =
| available          =
| available_f        =
| fit                =
| fit_f              =
| reaching           =
| reaching_f         =
| active             = 17,567
| ranked             =
| reserve            =
| deployed           =
<!-- Financial -->
| amount             = N$ 8 billion (2024)(US$434 million)<ref name=Insight >Insight 2024, p.33</ref>
| percent_GDP        = 7.0% (2024 estimate)<ref name=Insight >Insight 2024, p.33</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.namibian.com.na/defences-n8-billion-budget-its-like-funding-a-kindergarten-with-no-kids/:further-spending-for-namibian-military&catid=50:Land&Itemid=105 |title=Further spending for Namibian military |access-date=13 Oct 2015 |date=16 April 2015 |work=defenceweb.co.za |author=saddyrish |archive-date= 8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208043100/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=38814:further-spending-for-namibian-military&catid=50:Land&Itemid=105 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.indexmundi.com/namibia/economy_profile.html | title=Namibia Economy Profile 2018 | access-date=13 October 2015 | archive-date=24 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924051007/http://www.indexmundi.com/namibia/economy_profile.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
<!-- Industrial -->
| domestic_suppliers = August 26 Holding
| foreign_suppliers  = {{flag|Brazil}}<ref name=trade>{{cite web|url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php|title=Trade Registers|access-date=19 June 2013|archive-date=14 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />{{flag|China}}<ref name=congo>{{cite web |url=http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/dr-congo/Scramble%20for%20the%20Congo%20Anatomy%20of%20an%20Ugly%20War.pdf |title=Scramble for the Congo – Anatomy of an Ugly War |publisher=ICG Africa |date=20 December 2000 |access-date=18 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201147/http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/dr-congo/Scramble%20for%20the%20Congo%20Anatomy%20of%20an%20Ugly%20War.pdf |archive-date=29 October 2013}}</ref><br />{{flag|Germany}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|India}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|Russia}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|Iran}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|Italy}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|South Africa}}<ref name=congo/><br />{{flag|Ukraine}}<ref name=trade/><br />{{flag|United States}}<ref name=trade/>
| imports            =
| exports            =
<!-- Related articles -->
| history            = [[Caprivi Conflict]] <br /> [[Second Congo War]]
| ranks              = [[Military ranks of Namibia]]
}}

The '''Namibian Defence Force''' ('''NDF''') comprises the national [[military force]]s of [[Namibia]]. It was created when the country, then known as [[South West Africa]], gained independence from [[apartheid]] [[South Africa]] in 1990. Chapter 15 of the [[Constitution of Namibia]] establishes the NDF and defines its role and purpose as, ''" ... to defend the territory and national interests of Namibia"''.

Namibia's military was born from the integration of the formerly belligerent [[People's Liberation Army of Namibia]] (PLAN), military wing of the [[South West African People's Organization]], and the [[South West African Territorial Force]] (SWATF) – a security arm of the former South African administration. The British formulated the force integration plan and began training the NDF, which consisted of five battalions and a small headquarters element.<ref>http://www.satruth.co.za/peace.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525220820/http://www.satruth.co.za/peace.htm |date=25 May 2009 }}. Retrieved June 2009</ref> The [[United Nations Transitional Assistance Group]] (UNTAG)'s [[Military of Kenya|Kenyan]] infantry battalion remained in Namibia for three months after independence to assist in training the NDF and stabilize the north. [[Martin Shalli]] and [[Charles Namoloh|Charles 'Ho Chi Minh' Namoloh]] were involved in the negotiations that allowed the Kenyan infantry battalion to remain for that period.

==Purpose==
The main roles of the Namibian Defence Force are to ensure the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country by guarding against external aggression, both conventional and unconventional; prevent violation of Namibia's territorial integrity; and assist civil authorities in guarding and protecting government buildings and key installations as provided in the Defence Act.<ref>Namibian Ministry of Defence, [http://www.op.gov.na/Decade_peace/mod.htm Ministry of Defence – Introduction] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090622191104/http://www.op.gov.na/Decade_peace/mod.htm |date=22 June 2009 }}. Retrieved September 2009</ref>

Defence spending and percentage of GDP included $90 million in 1997/98, 2.6% of GDP. The 73.1 million figure in 2002 was 2.4% of GDP. These figures are almost certainly [[CIA World Factbook]] estimates.

==History==
[[File:Namibian Army WZ523 APC.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Army W523 APC]]
Major General A W Dennis, CB, OBE (rtd), [[British Army]], previously Director of Military Assistance Overseas, made the following comments on the initial phase in Namibia at a conference in Pretoria, South Africa on 6 August 1992:<ref>Alasdair Dennis, "[http://www.issafrica.org/pubs/ASR/SADR5/Dennis.html The Integration of Guerrilla Armies into Conventional Forces: Lessons Learnt from BMATT in Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051229050948/http://www.issafrica.org/Pubs/ASR/SADR5/Dennis.html |date=29 December 2005 }}," South African Defence Review 5 (1992). Retrieved June 2012. Paper presented at a conference on Changing Dynamics: Military-Strategic Issues for a Future South Africa, hosted by the Institute for Defence Politics in conjunction with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, CSIR conference centre, Pretoria, 6 August 1992.</ref>

<blockquote>You will no doubt recall that the Angola Accords were signed in Luanda on 22 December 1988. In November 1989 SWAPO won 57% of the votes in the Namibian General Election and immediately requested the help of a British Military Advisory and Training Team following independence on 21 March 1990. The team, initially 55 strong, was duly deployed on 26 March 1990 and the first leader's cadre, for the 1st and 2nd Battalions, was run from 17 April to 2 June. By 1 July, the 1st Battalion, about 1,000 men strong, accompanied by 5 BMATT Advisors, had deployed to the northern border. By November 1990, only four months later, the 5th Battalion had deployed and in early 1991 the 21st Guards Battalion had also been formed, four staff courses had been run, and support weapons and logistics training was well advanced (indeed a logistics battalion deployed as early as July 1990) and an operational test exercise had been conducted. In addition, the Ministry of Defence, a mixture of civilian and military personnel, was operating as a department of state. No one would pretend that everything was working perfectly, nevertheless, a great deal had been achieved in the first year following independence. Most people would probably agree that at some 7,500 strong the Army is unnecessarily large, but sensible plans will need to be made for the employment of any surplus soldiers before they are discharged. Integration has not been easy to achieve, at least in part, because of the need to use several interpreters to cope with the wide variety of languages involved. Battalions are made up of approximately 70% ex-PLAN and 30% ex-SWATF. This mixture could have proved explosive but hounded by their BMATT instructors they united in a common task (or perhaps in the face of a common enemy!) and soon realised that they could work well together. At the higher levels, integration has been more patchy, at least in part because of the departure of most white South African and SWATF officers. But the Government's intentions seem clear in that it decided to split the four MOD directorates evenly, appointing two white and two black (ex-PLAN) directors. In all this, BMATT Namibia has played a role remarkably similar to that of BMATT Zimbabwe.</blockquote>
[[File:Namibian Air Force K-8.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Air Force K-8]]

[[File:NS Brendan Simbwaye.jpg|thumb|right|150px|NS ''Brendan Simbwaye'']]

==Organization and structure==
The Chief Of Defence Force is the highest-ranking officer and exercises overall executive command of the force. Service chiefs are two-star [[general officer]]s, [[air officer]]s and [[flag officer]]s in command of their respective arms of service. NDF directorates are led by one-star general officers, air officers and flag officers. The exception, however, is the Joint Operations Directorate, whose head is a major general. The Joint Operations Directorate is responsible for force deployment in the Military.

[[File:Namibian Defence Force Structure.jpeg|800px|border]]
*Chief of Defence Force: Air Marshal [[Martin Pinehas]]<ref name="mod.gov.na">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mod.gov.na/pages/ministry_structures.html |title=Ministry of Defence |access-date=12 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923134858/http://www.mod.gov.na/pages/ministry_structures.html |archive-date=23 September 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
**Army Commander: Major-General [[Aktofel Nambahu]]
**Air Force Commander: Air Vice Marshal [[Teofilus Shaende]]<ref name="absent"/>
**Navy Commander: Rear Admiral [[Sacheus !Gonteb]]
***Chief of Staff; [[Joint Operations Directorate (Namibia)|Joint Operations]]: Maj Gen Joshua Namhindo<ref name="mod.gov.na"/>
***Chief of Staff; [[Human Resources Directorate (Namibia)|Human Resources]]: Air Cdre Retoveni Muhenje
***Chief of Staff; [[Defence Intelligence Directorate (Namibia)|Defence Intelligence]]: 
***Chief of Staff; [[Defence Health Services (Namibia)|Defence Health Services]]: Brig Gen Dr.  Ndapandula Jacob
***Chief of Staff; [[Defence Information & Communication Technology Directorate (Namibia)|Information & Communication Technology]]:
***Chief of Staff; [[Defence Logistics Directorate (Namibia)|Logistics]]: 
***Chief of Staff; [[Defence Inspectorate (Namibia)|Defence Inspector General]]:

===Chief of Defence Force===
[[File:Namibian Marines manning a boat.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Marines on an interceptor]]
[[File:Namibian Navy Members.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Navy servicemen and servicewoman]]
The [[Chief of the Defence Force (Namibia)]] is always a commissioned [[Lieutenant General|three star]] General/Air/Flag Officer from the officer corps. The first chief of the NDF was Lieutenant-General [[Dimo Hamaambo]]. He was previously the leader of PLAN. Lieutenant-General [[Solomon Huwala]] replaced Hamaambo as Chief of the NDF on Hamaambo's retirement. After Lieutenant-General Huwala retired in October 2006, Lieutenant General [[Martin Shalli]] headed the NDF.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120909233521/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?db=oldarchive&articleid=13677 "Shalli New NDF Chief"], ''New Era'', 23 October 2006.</ref>

President Hifikepunye Pohamba suspended Lieutenant-General Shalli from his post as Chief of Defence Force in 2009 over corruption allegations, dating back to the time when Shalli served as Namibia's High Commissioner to Zambia.<ref>http://www.observer.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=339:shalli-in-case-of-mistaken-identity&catid=1:national {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023054706/http://www.observer.com.na/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=339:shalli-in-case-of-mistaken-identity&catid=1:national |date=23 October 2010 }}, 21 October 2010</ref> During the time of the suspension, Army Commander Major General [[Peter Nambundunga]] acted as Chief.<ref>{{cite news
|title=President Pohamba fires Lieutenant-General Martin Shalli as Chief of NDF
|publisher=[[Namibian Broadcasting Corporation]]
|date=20 January 2011
|url=http://www.nbc.com.na/article.php?id=5056
|access-date=25 January 2011
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720142304/http://www.nbc.com.na/article.php?id=5056
|archive-date=20 July 2011
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> Shalli eventually retired in January 2011; the post of Chief of the NDF was given to Lieutenant General [[Epaphras Denga Ndaitwah]].<ref name=Hails>{{cite news
 |title        = NDF hails new chief
 |last         = Ndjebela
 |first        = Toivo
 |newspaper    = [[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]
 |date         = 25 January 2011
 |url          = http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=37027
 |archive-url  = https://archive.today/20130111234516/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=37027
 |archive-date = 11 January 2013
 |url-status   = dead
 |access-date  = 25 January 2011
 }}</ref> Lieutenant Gen Ndaitwah served until 31 December 2013 when the NDF Chief's position was given to Lieutenant Gen John Mutwa.<ref name="absent"/>

*1990–2000 Lieutenant-General [[Dimo Hamaambo]], [[Namibian Army]].
*2000–2006 Lieutenant-General [[Solomon Huwala]], [[Namibian Army]].
*2006–2011 Lieutenant-General [[Martin Shalli]], [[Namibian Army]].
*2011–2013 Lieutenant-General [[Epaphras Denga Ndaitwah]], [[Namibian Army]].
*2013–2020 Lieutenant-General [[John Mutwa]], [[Namibian Army]].
*2020 – ''Incumbent'' Air Marshal [[Martin Pinehas]], [[Namibian Air Force]].

===NDF Sergeant Major===
[[File:Namibian Special Forces on a Agrale Marrua.png|thumb|right|150px|Special Forces on a drive past]]
NDF Sergeant Major is the highest appointment a Non-Commissioned Officer may receive. Duties of the NDF Sergeant Major include making sure that discipline, drills, dressing code, performance standards, and morale of the non-commissioned officers are maintained.<ref name="Shishiveni 12">{{cite journal |last=Shishiveni|first=e |title=Farewell to NDF Sergeant Major |journal=NDF Journal |volume=64 |date=December 2017|page=12}}</ref>

Previous Sergeant Majors are:
*1990–1997 WO1 retired K. Lossen, [[Namibian Army]]
*1997–2000 Late WO1 retired A.H. Vatileni, [[Namibian Army]]
*2000–2007 WO1 retired E.K. Mutota, [[Namibian Army]]
*2007–2011 WO1 retired D.J. Angolo, [[Namibian Navy]]
*2011–2017 WO1 retired Isak Nankela, [[Namibian Air Force]]
*2017–2018 WO1 Albert Siyaya, [[Namibian Air Force]]<ref name="Shishiveni 12"/>
*2018–2019 WO1 Leonard Iiyambo, [[Namibian Army]]
*2019– Incumbent WO1 Joseph Nembungu, [[Namibian Air Force]]<ref>https://www.facebook.com/MODNamibia {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>

===Joint Operations Directorate===
[[File:Namibian Air Force - Harbin Y12-II.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Harbin Y-12]]
The [[Joint Operations Directorate (Namibia)|Joint Operations Directorate]] is the only directorate headed by a two-star Flag/Air/General Officer. Its role is to coordinate and conduct combined Operations and implement plans and doctrines in the force. The first Director of Operation in 1990 was Brigadier General Martin Shalli.

===Defence Health Services===

The Force's [[Defence Health Services (Namibia)|Defence Health Services]] provides medical services to service personnel, it operates sick bays at all bases and units as well the military hospitals.

===Logistics Directorate===
The [[Defence Logistics Directorate (Namibia)|Logistics Directorate]] is responsible for supplying material to the force. The first Director for Logistics was Colonel [[Peter Nambundunga]]

===Defence Inspectorate===
[[File:Namibian Air Force F7 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|150px|F-7 Fighter Jet]]
The [[Defence Inspectorate (Namibia)|Defence Inspector General]]'s Directorate is responsible for maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the Force. It also investigates both internal and external complaints.

===Namibian Defence Force ranks===
NDF ranks are based on the Commonwealth rank structure. There is no approved four-star general rank in the NDF. The Chief of Defence Force is a singular appointment that comes with an elevation to the rank of lieutenant general for an Army officer, air marshal for an Air Force officer and vice admiral for a Navy officer. Arms of services commanders i.e. Army, Air Force and Navy commanders, have the rank of major general, air vice marshal and rear admiral. The rank of brigadier has also been transformed into brigadier general. Directorate heads are always brigadier generals, i.e. the Chief of Staff for Defence Intelligence.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Army
! Air Force
! Navy
|-
|-
! General officers
! Air officers
! Flag officers
|-
| Lieutenant general
| Air marshal
| Vice admiral
|-

| Major General
| Air Vice Marshal
| Rear Admiral
|-
| Brigadier General
| Air Commodore
| Rear Admiral (Junior Grade)
|-
! Senior Officers
! Senior Officers
! Senior Officers
|-
| Colonel
| Group captain
| Captain (navy)
|-
| Lieutenant colonel
| Wing commander
| Commander
|-
| Major
| Squadron leader
| Lieutenant commander
|-
! Junior officers
! Junior officers
! Junior officers
|-
| Captain
| Flight lieutenant 
| Lieutenant (navy) 
|-
| Lieutenant 
| Flying officer
| Lieutenant (junior grade)
|-
| 2nd lieutenant 
| Pilot officer
| Ensign
|-
! Warrant officers
! Warrant officers
! Warrant officers
|-
| Warrant officer 1
| Warrant officer 1
| Warrant officer 1
|-
| Warrant officer 2
| Warrant officer 2
| Warrant officer 2
|-
! Senior NCOs
! Senior NCOs
! Senior NCOs
|-
| Staff sergeant 
| Flight sergeant 
| Chief petty officer
|-
| Sergeant 
| Sergeant 
| Petty officer

|-
! Junior NCOs
! Junior NCOs
! Junior NCOs
|-
| Corporal
| Aircraftman
| Leading seaman
|-
| Lance corporal
| Leading aircraftman
| Able seaman
|-
|-
! Enlisted
! Enlisted
! Enlisted
|-
| Private
| Private
| Seaman
|-

|}
'''Warrant Officer Class 1 Appointments'''<ref>http://www.sis.unam.na/theses/alueendo2009.pdf{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
Any warrant officer class 1 could be posted to substantive posts, including
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Army
! Air Force
! Navy
|-
|-

| Sergeant Major of the Namibian Defence Force
| Sergeant Major of the Namibian Defence Force
| Sergeant Major of the Namibian Defence Force
|-
| Sergeant Major of the Army
| Sergeant Major of the Air Force
| Master-at-Arms of the Navy
|-
| Formation Sergeant Major
| Formation Sergeant Major
| Command Master-at-Arms
|-

| Regimental Sergeant Major
| Regimental Sergeant Major
| Master-at-Arms
|-
|}

==Army==
[[File:Wolf 6X6 Recovery Vehicle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Wolf 6X6 Recovery Vehicle]]
{{Main|Namibian Army}}
The '''Landward Arm of service''' for the Defence force is the [[Namibian Army]], it is also the largest of the NDF's service branches.

==Air Force==
{{Main|Namibian Air Force}}
The '''Aerial Warfare''' branch is small but was bolstered with deliveries of some fighter jets in 2006 and 2008.

==Navy==
{{Main|Namibian Navy}}
Development of the '''Maritime Warfare Branch''' has been slow, and the force was only formally established in 2004, 14 years after independence. Today, it numbers over 1100 personnel and deploys a small number of lightly armed patrol vessels. Extensive [[Brazil]]ian aid assisted in its development.

==Joint Headquarters==
[[File:10 09 2022 Marinha do Brasil promove Revista Naval em comemoração ao Bicentenário (52468257259).jpg|thumb|right|150px|NS Elephant]]
The Joint Headquarters is an Arm of Service level institution in the Defence Force and is created by the Minister of Defence in terms of section 13 of the Defence Act.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/GENERAL%20REGULATIONS%20RELATING%20TO%20NAMIBIAN%20DEFENCE%20FORCE.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702095639/http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/GENERAL%20REGULATIONS%20RELATING%20TO%20NAMIBIAN%20DEFENCE%20FORCE.pdf |archive-date=2 July 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Training institutions==

===Army Battle School===
Situated at the [[Oshivelo]] Army base, the school offers units and battle groups to test their combat fighting skills in conventional and non-conventional warfare.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mod.gov.na/army-battle-school| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170912095504/http://www.mod.gov.na/army-battle-school| archive-date = 12 September 2017| title = Army Battle School - GRN Portal}}</ref> The school also offers courses such as:
*Company Group Commander Course(CGC)
*Platoon Commander Course(PCC)
*Platoon Sgt Commanders Course
*Section Commanders Course

===Army Technical Training Centre===
Established in 2011 the technical centre imparts students with knowledge repair and maintaining army systems and installations.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mod.gov.na/army-technical-training-center1| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170912095509/http://www.mod.gov.na/army-technical-training-center1| archive-date = 12 September 2017| title = Army Technical Training Centre - GRN Portal}}</ref> The centre was commissioned on 27 February 2015.

===Namibian Defence Force Training Establishment===
The [[Namibian Defence Force Training Establishment]] is the main training and academic unit of the Namibian Defence Force.It consist of 7 Schools offering training in different fields including Medical, Signals, Logistics,Intelligence amongst others. Training and teaching in the institution ranges from Basic Military Training to Vocational training.

===Namibia Command and Staff College===
[[File:Namibian Navy Type 037 Class boats.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Navy Type 037 Boats]]
The [[Namibia Command and Staff College]] offers the Junior Staff Course (JSC) and the Senior Command and Staff Course (SCSC).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/jan-mar%202014.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=1 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208134604/http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/jan-mar%202014.pdf |archive-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It provides staff training to prepare students for staff appointments.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/fina.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-06-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702084738/http://www.mod.gov.na/pdfs/fina.pdf |archive-date=2 July 2015}}</ref>

===Parachute Training School===
The force's parachute airborne school is based at the [[Grootfontein Air Force Base]]. Here students from all service branches are training to qualify as Parachute specialists. The school was set up with help from the South African private military parachute training company Chute Systems which is training Namibia's airborne forces and associated staff e.g. parachute riggers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chutesyst.co.za/chute-systems-7/ |title=Chute Systems Training Infrastructure Development &#124; Chute Systems |access-date=25 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928053716/http://www.chutesyst.co.za/chute-systems-7/ |archive-date=28 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Naval Training School===
[[File:Wer'wolf MKII Ambulance.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Wer'Wolf Ambulance]]
Established on 22 November 2009, the [[Naval Training School]] was commissioned by President Hage Geingob on 22 July 2016. It is administratively divided into two sections, the Sailors Training Wing and the Marine Training Wing. It offers the following courses:
* Basic Seamanship Course
*Specialization Course
*Section Commander Course<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mod.gov.na/naval-training-school1| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170910211459/http://www.mod.gov.na/naval-training-school1| archive-date = 10 September 2017| title = Naval Training School - GRN Portal}}</ref>
*Marine Petty Officers Course
*Sailors Petty Officers Course

===School of Air Power Studies===
The [[School of Air Power Studies]] is run in conjunction with the Namibia Aviation Training Academy, which trains pilots and technicians.

===School of Military Science===
The [[School of Military Science (Namibia)|School of Military Science]], run in conjunction with the [[University of Namibia]], offers officers in the Defence force qualifications ranging from Bachelor of Science Honors degrees in the field of nautical, Army and Aeronautical, to a post-graduate diploma in Security and Strategic studies, and a Master of Arts in Security and Strategic Studies (MA-SSS).

[[File:Namibian army WZ-523 IFV.png|thumb|right|150px|Army WZ-523 IFV]]

==See also==
*[[List of Namibian generals]]
*[[List of Namibian admirals]]
*[[List of Namibian Air Officers]]

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Further reading===
* Stephen F. Burgess, 'Fashioning Integrated Security Forces after Conflict', African Security, 1: 2, 69–91 (2008)
* Greg Mills, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090626074259/http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/ASR/SADR2/Mills.html BMATT and Military Integration in South Africa], South African Defence Review, Issue 2, 1992 Covers reformation of Namibian Defence Force and British involvement
* Case studies in war-to-peace transition: the demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants in Ethiopia, Namibia, and Uganda
* Thomas Jan Lambert, Criminal Justice in the Namibian Defence Force, [[LAP Lambert Academic Publishing]], 2010
* Peter Batchelor, Kees Kingma, Guy Lamb, Demilitarisation and Peace-building in Southern Africa: The role of the military in state formation and nation-building, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2004
* Donna Pankhurst, "Namibia," in Peacekeeping in Africa, eds. Oliver Furley and Roy May (Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 1998)
* Informante, [http://www.informante.web.na/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10902:navy-commander-accused-of-favoritism&catid=19:inside-pages&Itemid=100 Marine Corps commander accused of favouritism], 3 October 2012

==External links==
*[http://www.camopedia.org/index.php?title=Namibia Namibian Defence Force camouflage patterns] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226172757/http://www.camopedia.org/index.php?title=Namibia |date=26 February 2019 }}

{{Namibia topics}}
{{Military of Africa}}

[[Category:Military of Namibia]]
[[Category:1990 establishments in Namibia]]