Editing Nag Hammadi

{{Short description|City in Qena, Egypt}}
{{About|the Egyptian settlement|the cache of Gnostic texts discovered nearby|Nag Hammadi library}}
{{Infobox settlement
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| native_name        = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> نجع حمادي
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| population_total   = 660690 <ref name="totalpopulation">{{cite web |title=عدد السكان التقديري|url= https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Admin/Pages%20Files/202331512347%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89%20%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B2%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D9%81%D9%89%201%D9%80%201%D9%80%202023.pdf|access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref>
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[[File:Raffinerie Say.JPG|thumbnail|Plaque of a local sugar refinery that mentions French town [[Ardres]], 1901]]

'''Nag Hammadi''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|n|ɑː|ɡ|_|h|ə|ˈ|m|ɑː|d|i}} {{respell|NAHG|_|hə|MAH|dee}}; {{langx|ar|نجع حمادى}} {{Transliteration|ar|Nagʿ Ḥammādī}}) is a city and [[Markaz (administrative division)|markaz]] in [[Upper Egypt]].
It is located on the west bank of the [[Nile]] in the [[Qena Governorate]], about {{convert|80|km}} north-west of [[Luxor]]. The city had a population of close to 61,737 {{as of|2023|lc=y}}.

==History==
The town of Nag Hammadi was found on the site of older villages Ansan ({{Langx|ar|انسان}}) and al-Luaqi ({{Langx|ar|اللواقي}})<ref>{{Cite web |date=1818 |title=Carte geographique de l'Egypte et des pays environnans by Pierre Jacotin |url=https://atlas.paths-erc.eu/map/saved/all_ms_places |website=PAThs – Archaeological Atlas of Coptic Literature}}</ref> in the 19th century and was named after its founder, Mahmoud Pasha Hammadi, a member of the Hammadi family in [[Sohag]], [[Egypt]]. Mahmoud Pasha Hammadi was a major landholder in Sohag, and known for his strong opposition to the [[History of Egypt under the British|British rule in Egypt]] beginning in 1882.

In the city of Nag Hammadi, there is the palace of Prince Youssef Kamal, a member of the royal family (the family of [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Muhammad Ali Pasha]]), which overlooks the Nile River and is now an archaeological site.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2019 |title=Nag Hammadi palace re-opens |url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/50/1207/352024/AlAhram-Weekly/Heritage/Nag-Hammadi-palace-reopens.aspx |access-date=27 October 2023 |website=Ahram Online}}</ref>

Nag Hammadi is about {{convert|5|km}} west of ancient [[Sheneset-Chenoboskion|Chenoboskion]] ({{langx|grc|Χηνοβόσκιον}})
The "[[Nag Hammadi library]]", an important collection of 2nd-century [[Gnostic texts]], was found at 
[[Jabal al-Ṭārif]] near Nag Hammadi in 1945.<ref name="NHL">{{cite book |author=James M. Robinson |year=1988 |title=The Nag Hammadi Library |publisher=Harper San Francisco |location=San Francisco}}. "The Nag Hammadi Library consists of twelve books, plus eight leaves removed from a thirteenth book in late antiquity and tucked inside the front cover of the sixth. These eight leaves comprise a complete text, an independent treatise taken out of a book of collected essays". (p. 10).
{{cite web|url=http://www.nag-hammadi.com/|title=nag-hammadi.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408060536/http://www.nag-hammadi.com/|archive-date=2007-04-08}}</ref>

The city was the site of the [[Nag Hammadi Massacre]] in January 2010, in which eight [[Copts|Coptic]] [[Christianity|Christians]] were shot dead by three men.<ref name="catastrophe">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8478397.stm "Egypt's anxious Copts 'await next catastrophe{{'"}}] (25 January 2010) BBC News</ref> In total, nineteen Coptic Christians were attacked.<ref name="catastrophe"/><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8444851.stm | work=BBC News | title=Egypt church attack kills Copts | date=2010-01-07}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[Sugar]] and [[aluminium]] are produced in Nag Hammadi. The Nag Hammadi Sugar factory was built in 1895–1897 by French contractors Cail and Fives.<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Railway_and_metal_framework_construction_of_the_boiler_house_sugar_factory_at_Nag%CA%BF_Hammadi,_Egypt,_erected_by_Fives-Lille_in_1895%E2%80%931897_(undated_photo,_probably_1900%E2%80%931950).jpg Undated photo] Wikimedia</ref> It is still in operation in 2018. Egyptalum is one of the largest aluminium producer in the Middle East. Wood particleboard is manufactured from sugar cane bagasse.

==See also==
{{portal|Egypt}}
* [[List of cities and towns in Egypt]]
* [[Nag Hammadi library]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Egyptian Cities}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|26|03|N|32|15|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Populated places in Qena Governorate]]

[[cs:Rukopisy z Nag Hammádí]]