Editing Muleshoe, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Muleshoe, Texas
|settlement_type          = City
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = File:Muleshoeddt.jpg
|image_caption            = Main Street in downtown Muleshoe
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = TXMap-doton-Muleshoe.PNG
|mapsize                  = 150px
|map_caption              = Location of Muleshoe in Texas
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates              = {{coord|34|13|35|N|102|43|25|W|region:US-TX|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Texas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Bailey County, Texas|Bailey]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = Mayor
|leader_name              = Colt Ellis
|leader_title1            = City Manager 
|leader_name1             = Ramon Sanchez 
|leader_title2            = City Secretary  
|leader_name2             = Zanea Carpenter 
|leader_title3            = Police Chief 
|leader_name3             = Gary R. McHone      
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 8.89
|area_land_km2            = 8.89
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 3.43
|area_land_sq_mi          = 3.43
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_ft             = 3793
|elevation_m              = 1156

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_total         = 5160
|population_density_sq_mi = 1504.37
|population_density_km2   = 580.43

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = [[Central Time Zone|CDT]]
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 79347
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 806|806]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 48-49968 <ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1375067 <ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|website                  = [http://www.city-of-muleshoe.com/ City Website]
|footnotes                = 
}}

'''Muleshoe''' is a city in [[Bailey County, Texas]], United States. It was founded in 1913, when the Pecos and Northern Texas Railway built an {{convert|88|mi|km|adj=on}} line from [[Farwell, Texas|Farwell]], Texas, to [[Lubbock, Texas|Lubbock]] through northern Bailey County. In 1926, Muleshoe was incorporated. Its population was 5,158 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]]. The county seat of Bailey County,<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> it is home to the [[National Mule Memorial]].

The Muleshoe Heritage Center commemorates the importance of ranching to [[West Texas]].

==History==
The name Muleshoe can be traced in the region to Henry Black, when he registered a brand on November 12, 1860. In 1877, Black purchased three houses on  {{convert|40000|acre|km2}} in [[Stephens County, Texas|Stephens County]], naming it Muleshoe Ranch. Later, he built a large ranch house and a log schoolhouse, and established a small cemetery for family members.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.city-of-muleshoe.com/history.html |title=History of City/Area |publisher=City of Muleshoe |date=July 20, 1944 |access-date=2013-11-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210194422/http://www.city-of-muleshoe.com/history.html |archive-date=December 10, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Muleshoe Ranch was supposedly named after the owner found a [[Horseshoe|mule shoe]] in the soil.

On April 23, 1906, the Gulf, Santa Fe and Northwestern Railway Company and the Pecos and Northern Texas Railway Company merged (eventual successor [[BNSF|BNSF Railway]]) and were chartered to construct a railway between Lubbock and Farwell on the New Mexico border. From 1901 to 1915, communities along the future railway contributed hundreds of thousands of dollars to its construction.<ref name="tshaonline.org">Hunt, William R. [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hgm09 "Muleshoe, TX,"] ''Handbook of Texas Online'', accessed November 8, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.</ref> Muleshoe was founded in 1913 when the Pecos and Northern Texas Railway laid rails across northern Bailey County; residents borrowed the name from the nearby Muleshoe Ranch.<ref name="tshaonline.org"/>

Soon after the railroad passed through Muleshoe, the town expanded rapidly. In 1917, Muleshoe became the county seat after the county was organized, but it was not incorporated until 1926. Muleshoe continued to grow quickly, and by 1930, 800 residents were in the town. Three decades later, Muleshoe had tripled in population to 3,871. In 1970, Muleshoe reached its pinnacle at over 5,000 residents, 200 businesses, two hospitals, two banks, a library, a newspaper, and a radio station. 

During the 1970s and 1980s the population stagnated, and by the 1990s Muleshoe's population had begun to decrease. The population went from 5,048 in 1988 to 4,530 in 2000.<ref name="tshaonline.org"/> The once lively and vibrant Main Street is now quiet, with many abandoned buildings. Many of the businesses that once called Main Street home are now on American Boulevard (US Highway 84/70).

During the early 1960s, Texas residents were eager to build a memorial to the mule for its strength and sparse eating habits, traits that endeared it to the pioneers. In war, the mule carried [[cannon]]; in peace, it hauled [[freight]]. Its small hooves allowed it to scale rocky areas.<ref>Texas Historical Commission marker, National Mule Memorial</ref> The Mule Memorial was first displayed on July 4, 1965, near the intersection of US 70/84.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.texas-on-line.com/graphic/muleshoe.htm |title=Muleshoe, Texas |publisher=Texas Online |date=July 4, 1965 |access-date=2013-11-08}}</ref> Muleshoe is the home of the world's largest mule shoe, at the Muleshoe Heritage Center.

In January 2024, a Russian hacktivist group hacked the town's water supply, causing flooding. <ref> [https://apnews.com/article/texas-muleshoe-water-systems-cyberattacks-russia-5f388bf0d581fc8eb94b1190a7f29c3a] </ref><ref>[https://notthebee.com/article/russian-attackers-reportedly-hacked-a-small-texas-town-and-flooded-its-drinking-water]</ref>

{{wide image|Muleshoe, Texas (circa 1914-1915).jpg|1000 px|Muleshoe, c. 1914–1915}}

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|3.4|sqmi|km2}}, all of it land.

Muleshoe is situated on the [[South Plains]], in a region known as the [[Llano Estacado]].

===Climate===
Muleshoe is in an area considered part of the [[semi-arid climate|semiarid]] [[steppe]] climate zone that extends from areas of central Mexico to southern [[Alberta]] and [[Saskatchewan]] in Canada. The semiarid steppe classification identifies areas that are intermediate between [[desert]] zones and humid zones. This West Texas town experiences hot summer days and cool summer nights and cool to warm winter days and harsh, cold winter nights. Rainfall is low; the town and vicinity receive less than {{convert|18|in|mm}} of rainfall annually. High summer temperatures (average July temperature above 90&nbsp;°F) precipitation moisture is rapidly lost to evaporation. Muleshoe experiences steady, and sometimes intense, winds from the north and west in the fall and winter, and winds from the south or west in the spring and summer. The winds add a considerable wind chill factor in the winter.

{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | collapsed   = 
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Muleshoe, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1927–present)
 | Jan record high F  = 81
 | Feb record high F  = 86
 | Mar record high F  = 96
 | Apr record high F  = 99
 | May record high F  = 103
 | Jun record high F  = 109
 | Jul record high F  = 110
 | Aug record high F  = 110
 | Sep record high F  = 106
 | Oct record high F  = 97
 | Nov record high F  = 89
 | Dec record high F  = 81
 | year record high F = 
 | Jan high F = 53.1
 | Feb high F = 57.7
 | Mar high F = 65.6
 | Apr high F = 73.7
 | May high F = 81.5
 | Jun high F = 90.3
 | Jul high F = 91.6
 | Aug high F = 90.0
 | Sep high F = 83.3
 | Oct high F = 73.8
 | Nov high F = 62.1
 | Dec high F = 53.5
 | year high F = 73.0
 | Jan mean F = 36.5
 | Feb mean F = 40.4
 | Mar mean F = 47.8
 | Apr mean F = 55.6
 | May mean F = 64.9
 | Jun mean F = 74.5
 | Jul mean F = 77.1
 | Aug mean F = 75.6
 | Sep mean F = 68.4
 | Oct mean F = 57.2
 | Nov mean F = 45.0
 | Dec mean F = 37.4
 | year mean F = 56.7
 | Jan low F = 20.0
 | Feb low F = 23.1
 | Mar low F = 30.0
 | Apr low F = 37.5
 | May low F = 48.2
 | Jun low F = 58.7
 | Jul low F = 62.6
 | Aug low F = 61.2
 | Sep low F = 53.5
 | Oct low F = 40.5
 | Nov low F = 27.9
 | Dec low F = 21.2
 | year low F = 40.4
 | Jan record low F  = -14
 | Feb record low F  = -21
 | Mar record low F  = 1
 | Apr record low F  = 11
 | May record low F  = 21
 | Jun record low F  = 40
 | Jul record low F  = 48
 | Aug record low F  = 41
 | Sep record low F  = 28
 | Oct record low F  = 10
 | Nov record low F  = -1
 | Dec record low F  = -9
 | year record low F = 
 | precipitation colour   = green
 | Jan precipitation inch = 0.54
 | Feb precipitation inch = 0.53
 | Mar precipitation inch = 1.01
 | Apr precipitation inch = 0.90
 | May precipitation inch = 1.84
 | Jun precipitation inch = 2.77
 | Jul precipitation inch = 2.46
 | Aug precipitation inch = 2.83
 | Sep precipitation inch = 2.37
 | Oct precipitation inch = 1.79
 | Nov precipitation inch = 0.62
 | Dec precipitation inch = 0.66
 | year precipitation inch = 18.32
 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
 | Jan precipitation days  = 2.6
 | Feb precipitation days  = 2.6
 | Mar precipitation days  = 3.7
 | Apr precipitation days  = 3.9
 | May precipitation days  = 5.5
 | Jun precipitation days  = 6.3
 | Jul precipitation days  = 6.7
 | Aug precipitation days  = 7.3
 | Sep precipitation days  = 5.6
 | Oct precipitation days  = 4.3
 | Nov precipitation days  = 2.9
 | Dec precipitation days  = 2.9
 | year precipitation days = 54.3
 | Jan snow inch = 1.6
 | Feb snow inch = 1.5
 | Mar snow inch = 0.7
 | Apr snow inch = 0.0
 | May snow inch = 0.0
 | Jun snow inch = 0.0
 | Jul snow inch = 0.0
 | Aug snow inch = 0.0
 | Sep snow inch = 0.0
 | Oct snow inch = 0.3
 | Nov snow inch = 1.3
 | Dec snow inch = 2.1
 | year snow inch = 7.5
 | unit snow days = 0.1 in
 | Jan snow days  = 0.9
 | Feb snow days  = 0.8
 | Mar snow days  = 0.6
 | Apr snow days  = 0.1
 | May snow days  = 0.0
 | Jun snow days  = 0.0
 | Jul snow days  = 0.0
 | Aug snow days  = 0.0
 | Sep snow days  = 0.0
 | Oct snow days  = 0.1
 | Nov snow days  = 0.6
 | Dec snow days  = 1.2
 | year snow days = 4.3
 | source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=lub
|title = NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = December 28, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00416135&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = December 28, 2023}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1930= 779
|1940= 1327
|1950= 2477
|1960= 3871
|1970= 4525
|1980= 4842
|1990= 4571
|2000= 4530
|2010= 5158
|2020= 5160
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Muleshoe racial composition'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4849968&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br /> (''NH = Non-Hispanic''){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/en.html|title=Census.gov|website=Census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|1,321
|25.6%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|42
|0.81%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|15
|0.29%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|8
|0.16%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|22
|0.43%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|46
|0.89%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|3,706
|71.82%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''5,160'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 5,160 people, 1,619 households, and 1,071 families residing in the city.

===2010 census===
As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2010, 5,158 people, 1,595 households, and 1,178 families resided in the town. The population density was {{convert|1,323.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 1,802 housing units averaged 526.6 per square mile (203.4/km<sup>2</sup>). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 63.27% White, 1.50% African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 31.59% from other races, and 2.80% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 53.33% of the population.

Of the 1595 households, 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.3% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.1% were not families. About 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the city, the population was distributed as 31.3% under  18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65  or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,519, and for a family was $31,969. Males had a median income of $23,409 and females a median income $16,053. The per capita income for the city was $12,567. In 2007, the median house value was $48,748, and the average house value $66,525. In 2008, the cost-of-living index in Muleshoe was 73.3 as compared to the U.S. average of 100. About 13.4% of families and 18.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.9% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Arts and culture==
[[File:elevatorGGM.JPG|thumb|right|Muleshoe City Park, with grain elevator in background]]

Muleshoe hosts the annual Tour de Muleshoe bicycle ride, a local competition which features 100K, {{convert|40|mi|km|adj=on}}, and {{convert|10|mi|km|adj=on}} bike tours.{{cn|date=April 2024}}

Sites in Muleshoe include:
* A USArray Transportable Array seismic station, part of the [[Earthscope]] project.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://usarray.seis.sc.edu/station.html?network=TA&station=MSTX |title=USArray Station Monitor – Station Viewer |publisher=Usarray.seis.sc.edu |access-date=2013-11-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522124954/http://usarray.seis.sc.edu/station.html?network=TA&station=MSTX |archive-date=May 22, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
* The world's largest mule shoe, measuring {{convert|22|ft|m}} long and {{convert|17|ft|m}} wide.
* The national mule memorial, Ol' Pete, which was invited to and attended President George W. Bush's first inauguration in 2001.

==Parks and recreation==
In 2010, Muleshoe opened a $1.8 million water park in New City Park.  The park also features soccer and softball fields, a playground, fishing pond, and basketball courts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://lubbockonline.com/life/2010-05-29/muleshoe-opens-new-water-park|title=Alyssa Dizon, "Muleshoe opens a new water park", May 29, 2010|newspaper=[[Lubbock Avalanche-Journal]]|access-date=May 29, 2010}}</ref>

==Education==
Muleshoe is served by the [[Muleshoe Independent School District]]. Schools include:
* Muleshoe High School (grades 9–12)
* Watson Junior High School (grades 6–8)
* Mary DeShazo Elementary School (grades 3–5)
* Neal B. Dillman Elementary School (grades Pre-K–2)

A branch of [[South Plains College]] provides classes for students aspiring to become licensed vocational nurses.

==Notable people==

* [[Lee Horsley]], actor, was born in Muleshoe on May 15, 1955. He played the fictional detective [[Matt Houston]] on an [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] series of the same name and later starred in the [[CBS]] [[Television Westerns|Western]] ''[[Paradise (American TV series)|Paradise]]''
* [[Lincoln Riley]], head coach of the [[USC Trojans football|University of Southern California football team]], is a former Muleshoe High School quarterback. He is the older brother of [[Garrett Riley]]
* [[Garrett Riley]], offensive coordinator of [[Clemson University]], is a former Muleshoe High School Athlete. He is the younger brother of [[Lincoln Riley]]
* [[Allan Weisbecker]], writer and [[surfer]], lived briefly in Muleshoe during the late 1990s
* [[Kevin D. Williamson]], [[pundit]] and a native of the [[Texas Panhandle]], often uses Muleshoe as a [[metaphor]] for American culture in his columns<ref>K.D. Williamson, "[http://www.nationalreview.com/article/445805/republican-party-optimism-gone-it-survives-resentment Conservatism for Losers]," ''National Review Online'', 16 Mar 2017.</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Muleshoe, Texas}}
* [http://www.city-of-muleshoe.com/ City of Muleshoe]
* [http://www.muleshoe.org/ Muleshoe Chamber of Commerce]

{{Bailey County, Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Bailey County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1913]]
[[Category:1913 establishments in Texas]]