Editing Moss, Norway

{{Infobox kommune
| name               = Moss
| native_name        =
| native_name_lang   =
| other_name         =
| official_name      =
| idnumber           = 3103
| image_skyline      = Moss, Norway.jpg
| image_caption      = Moss seen from [[Jeløya]]
| county             = Østfold
| district           = <!-- none -->
| capital            = Moss
| demonym            = Mossing
| language           = [[Norwegian language|Neutral]]
| coatofarms         = Rygge komm.svg
| flag = Flag of Rygge.gif
| munwebpage         = www.moss.kommune.no
| mayor              = [[Simen Nord]]
| mayor_party        = [[Conservative_Party_(Norway)|H]]
| mayor_as_of        = 2023
| area_rank          = 414
| area_total_km2     = 63
| area_land_km2      = 58
| area_water_percent = 0.02
| population_as_of   = 2021
| population_rank    = 27
| population_total   = 49 668<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/artikler-og-publikasjoner/norges-100-mest-folkerike-kommuner?tabell=446939 |title=Norges 100 mest folkerike kommuner }}</ref>
| populationpercent  = 0.61
| population_density_km2 = 440
| population_increase    = 10.6
| coordinates        = {{coord|59|27|33|N|10|42|3|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}}
| utm_zone = 32V | utm_northing = 6592433 | utm_easting = 0596415 | geo_cat = adm2nd
}}

'''Moss''' is a coastal [[List of cities in Norway|town]] and a [[Municipalities of Norway|municipality]] in [[Østfold]] [[Counties of Norway|county]], [[Norway]]. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Moss. The city of Moss was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see [[formannskapsdistrikt]]) and City in 1720. The rural municipality of [[Jeløy]] was merged with the city on 1 July 1943.  The former municipality of [[Rygge]] was merged into it on 1 January 2020.

Its administrative district covers areas east of the town, such as the island of [[Dillingøy]] in the lake [[Vansjø]]. Parts of the town are located on the peninsula of Jeløy. The city of Moss has 30,723 inhabitants (2012).

==Name==
The [[Old Norse]] form of the name was {{Lang|non|Mors}}. It may be derived from an old root ''mer-'' which means to "divide" or "split".

The adjacent topography shares similar etymology:
* {{Lang|no|Mosse-elva}}, Mosse-"marsh-river-border"+ {{Lang|no|elva}} (see {{Lang|non|elbe}}, {{Lang|non|elver}}, Old Norse for river). The name is thought to be very old and the meaning of it is not clear.
* {{Lang|no|Mosse-sundet}}, Mosse-"marsh-river-border"+ {{Lang|no|sundet}} (Moss [[Channel (geography)|channel]]).
* {{Lang|no|Mosse-herred}}, Mosse-"marsh-river-border"+ {{Lang|no|herred}} -"court" akin to ''hort''(''us,en''), "garden," from PIE *ghr-ti-, from base *gher- "to grasp, enclose" (see yard) Actually "Moss county".

==History==
Archeological finds suggest that there were settlements in the area more than 7,000 years ago and continuously through the [[Iron Age]], [[Viking Age]], through to modern times. During the Viking era, the place was known as ''Varna'' (from the Old Norse {{Lang|non|vorn}}, or protection)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Andressen|first=Leif T.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13015889|title=Moss bys historie|date=1984|publisher=Moss kommune|isbn=82-991219-0-6|location=[Moss]|page=47|oclc=13015889|access-date=2021-05-01|archive-date=2021-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207195404/https://www.worldcat.org/title/moss-bys-historie/oclc/13015889|url-status=live}}</ref> and was the site of a cooperative for battleships held by local warlords on behalf of the king.
[[File:Konvensjonsgården, Moss, kulturminneid 86061, 2015-08-16, DSC 2991.jpg|thumb|left|Konvensjonsgården in Moss from 1778, the signing place of the [[Convention of Moss]]]]
[[Image:Moss 1885.jpg|thumb|left|Moss in 1885]]

The first literary reference to the name ''Mo(u)ſs(ß)'' is from Bishop Eystein Aslaksson's [[Cadastre|Red book]] (NRA AM fol. 328) from 1396, and by then the town had become a commercial center with craftsmen and mills. By the 16th century, the town's port was significant enough to warrant its own customs official. Liquor [[Distillation|distilleries]] became one of the dominant industries, and it was not until 1607, after the [[Protestant Reformation|Reformation]], that the town got its own church.

By 1700, Moss had become a hub for both ship and land traffic between [[Copenhagen]] and [[Oslo|Christiania]], and in 1704 [[Moss Jernverk]] (Moss Ironworks) was established just north of the city center. By 1720 it received its charter as a merchant town, with its own official. This may have had background in an important battle in 1716 that was fought in the town square in Moss in which Norwegian troops commanded by [[Vincent Budde]] prevailed over invading Swedish forces, sent by [[Charles XII of Sweden|Charles XII]] to capture [[Akershus Fortress]]. In 1767 a local resident built a "pleasure pavilion" near the town, which survives as the Hotel [[Refsnes Gods]].<ref name=fromm>
{{Citation
  | last1 = Porter
  | first1 = Darwin
  | last2 = Prince
  | first2 =Danforth
  | title = Frommer's Norway
  | publisher = John Wiley and Sons
  | year = 2005
  | page = 12
  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kqQ9b3sNNHQC&pg=PA12
  | isbn = 0-7645-7826-X}}
</ref>

In 1814, Moss became the site for the signing of the [[Convention of Moss]], which effectively put an end to the [[Denmark–Norway|Dano-Norwegian]] kingdom. This set the stage for economic development that has persisted to this day.

On the morning of 14 July 2006, a [[Meteoroid|bolide]] exploded above the nearby town of Rygge - moments later, several stony [[meteorite]]s fell over Moss. A number of meteorites were recovered by local residents and visiting meteorite hunters, which after analysis and classification, were found to be a rare type of [[carbonaceous chondrite]].

===Seal and coat-of-arms===
Moss became a separate city in 1786 and received its first seal the same year. The seal showed a church under some clouds, placed within a circle. Above the circle were [[fasces]], the late 19th century symbol of freedom. A later seal, dating from around 1829, shows the same composition, but with six birds flying around the church.

In the 1930s the city wanted to adopt a [[Coat of arms|coat-of-arms]] and the birds were chosen as a possible symbol. The original birds were likely [[dove]]s, a symbol of peace.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Mossekråka blir pensjonist etter 67 år|url=https://www.mosshistorielag.no/strandsitteren/artikler/673-mossekraka-blir-pensjonist-etter-67-ar|access-date=2021-05-01|website=www.mosshistorielag.no|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501142232/https://www.mosshistorielag.no/strandsitteren/artikler/673-mossekraka-blir-pensjonist-etter-67-ar|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1934, the idea of the [[crow]] was launched. The residents of Moss have long been referred to as crows.<ref name=":0" /> An old tale tells of a number of birds, thought to have been crows, swarming around the church spire due to a fire that started when lightning struck a birds' nest in the spire. The fire was quickly put out; birds became a motif in the city seal (and later coat-of-arms) for that reason.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Nyquist|first=O. P.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37698135|title=Mossiana fra ældre tider|date=1990|publisher=B. Ringstrøms antikvariat|isbn=82-90520-15-8|location=Oslo|page=16|oclc=37698135|access-date=2021-05-01|archive-date=2021-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207195451/https://www.worldcat.org/title/mossiana-fra-ldre-tider/oclc/37698135|url-status=live}}</ref>

The coat-of-arms was granted on 2 April 1954 and shows a yellow crow on a red background. It was designed by Christian Stenersen.<ref>{{cite web|author=Norske Kommunevåpen|year=1990|title=Nye kommunevåbener i Norden|url=http://www.ngw.nl/int/nor/m/moss.htm|access-date=2008-12-16|archive-date=2007-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715091856/http://www.ngw.nl/int/nor/m/moss.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moss.kommune.no/artikkel.aspx?MId1=3607&AId=292&back=1|title=Kråke som byvåpen|access-date=2008-12-16|publisher=Moss Kommune|language=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003143601/http://www.moss.kommune.no/artikkel.aspx?MId1=3607&AId=292&back=1|archive-date=2011-10-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Norwegian lady statues===
Moss and [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]] in the United States are [[sister cities]]. On Good Friday, 27 March 1891, the Norwegian bark ''Dictator'', whose home port was Moss, was lost in the treacherous waters of the [[Graveyard of the Atlantic]]. The ship had been en route to England from [[Pensacola, Florida]] with a cargo of Georgia Pine [[lumber]]. After being caught and disabled in a storm, she was headed for port at [[Hampton Roads, Virginia|Hampton Roads]], [[Virginia]] to make repairs when she encountered another storm just off Virginia Beach.

Working in the high winds and seas, lifesaving crews from shore were able to save some of the 17 persons aboard. However, Captain J. M. Jorgensen's pregnant wife, Johanne, and their 4-year-old son Carl were among the 7 persons who drowned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.qsl.net/vbarc/news/1999/mar99.html|title=New Page 1|access-date=2005-10-10|archive-date=2007-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927013010/http://www.qsl.net/vbarc/news/1999/mar99.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The ship's wooden female [[figurehead]] had washed ashore. It was placed in a vertical position facing the ocean near the [[boardwalk]] as a memorial to those who died in the [[shipwreck]]. It was a landmark there for more than 60 years, but gradually became weathered and eroded.

In 1962, Norwegian sculptor [[Ørnulf Bast]] was commissioned to create two nine-foot bronze replicas of the original figurehead by the City of Moss. The [[Norwegian Lady Statues]] were unveiled on 22 September 1962. One was presented as a gift to Virginia Beach, and an exact duplicate was erected in Moss to unite the two sister cities. Each statue gives the appearance of facing the other across the [[Atlantic Ocean]].

On 13 October 1995, [[Queen Sonja of Norway]] visited the Norwegian Lady statue in Virginia Beach, and placed memorial flowers.

==Geography==
Moss is located on the eastern shore of [[Oslofjord]], 60&nbsp;km south of Oslo. The municipality also includes some islands, like Jeløya. The [[Raet]] goes through the municipality. The area is forested lowland, the highest point is 140 m asl. 84% of the population is located in the town Moss.

==Climate==
Moss has a [[humid continental climate]] (Dfb), or a temperate [[oceanic climate]] (Cfb) if the original  {{convert|-3|°C}} threshold in the [[Köppen climate classification]] is used.
The weather station at Moss Airport Rygge (40 m) started recording temperature in 1955. The all-time high {{convert|34.2|°C}} was recorded August 1982, and the all-time low {{convert|-31.5|°C}} in February 1985. 10 of the record lows are from before 1990, and only the December record low is from after 2000. Rygge airport is located more inland and will have colder lows in winter and autumn than the town. The average date for first overnight freeze (below {{convert|0|°C}}) in autumn is 7 October (1981-2010 average) at Rygge.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.yr.no/artikkel/forste-frostnatt-1.11261900 |title=Første frostnatt – Yr |publisher=Yr.no |date=2013-09-25 |access-date=2021-12-07 |archive-date=2021-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807222743/https://www.yr.no/artikkel/forste-frostnatt-1.11261900 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Clear}}
{{Weather box
|location = [[Moss Airport, Rygge]] 1991-2020 (40 m, precipitation days 1961-90, extremes 1955-2024, sunhrs from Oslo)
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan record high C = 11.2 | Jan record low C = -27.7
|Feb record high C = 13.5 | Feb record low C = -31.5
|Mar record high C = 21 | Mar record low C = -28.4
|Apr record high C = 24.9 | Apr record low C = -11.6
|May record high C = 30 | May record low C = -4.9
|Jun record high C = 31.2 | Jun record low C = -0.3
|Jul record high C = 33.9 | Jul record low C = 3.6
|Aug record high C = 34.2 | Aug record low C = 0.7
|Sep record high C = 27 | Sep record low C = -5.1
|Oct record high C = 20 | Oct record low C = -9.7
|Nov record high C = 16.7 | Nov record low C = -19.5
|Dec record high C = 13.2 | Dec record low C = -26.5
|Jan high C = 0
|Feb high C = 1
|Mar high C = 5
|Apr high C = 11
|May high C = 16
|Jun high C = 20
|Jul high C = 22
|Aug high C = 20
|Sep high C = 17
|Oct high C = 10
|Nov high C = 5
|Dec high C = 2
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = -1.7
|Feb mean C = -1.5
|Mar mean C = 1.3
|Apr mean C = 5.9
|May mean C = 11
|Jun mean C = 14.8
|Jul mean C = 17.2
|Aug mean C = 16.3
|Sep mean C = 12.3
|Oct mean C = 7.2
|Nov mean C = 2.9
|Dec mean C = -0.6
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = −4
|Feb low C = −4
|Mar low C = −2
|Apr low C = 2
|May low C = 7
|Jun low C = 11
|Jul low C = 13
|Aug low C = 12
|Sep low C = 9
|Oct low C = 5
|Nov low C = 1
|Dec low C = −2
|year low C = 
<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
|precipitation colour=green <!-- Enter "green" for green precipitation colours, remove this line for blue colouring. -->
|Jan precipitation mm=67
|Feb precipitation mm=52
|Mar precipitation mm=49
|Apr precipitation mm=50
|May precipitation mm=54
|Jun precipitation mm=76
|Jul precipitation mm=76
|Aug precipitation mm=96
|Sep precipitation mm=88
|Oct precipitation mm=110
|Nov precipitation mm=98
|Dec precipitation mm=78
|year precipitation mm=
|unit precipitation days = 1.0&nbsp;mm
|Jan precipitation days= 10
|Feb precipitation days= 7
|Mar precipitation days= 9
|Apr precipitation days= 7
|May precipitation days= 8
|Jun precipitation days= 9
|Jul precipitation days= 9
|Aug precipitation days= 10
|Sep precipitation days= 11
|Oct precipitation days= 12
|Nov precipitation days= 12
|Dec precipitation days= 9
|Jan sun = 45.1
|Feb sun = 77.6
|Mar sun = 146.5
|Apr sun = 182.0
|May sun = 248.0
|Jun sun = 230.3
|Jul sun = 244.1
|Aug sun = 203.8
|Sep sun = 150.1
|Oct sun = 94
|Nov sun = 50.9
|Dec sun = 40.0
|year sun = 
|source 1 = eklima.no/met.no (mean, precipitation, extremes)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sharki.oslo.dnmi.no/portal/page?_pageid=73,39035,73_39113:73_39117&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=EKlima |access-date=2021-06-26 |archive-date=2016-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331191518/http://sharki.oslo.dnmi.no/portal/page?_pageid=73,39035,73_39113:73_39117&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |url-status=live }}</ref>
|source 2 = weatheronline (avg high/low temperature)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weatheronline.co.uk/weather/maps/city?FMM=1&FYY=1996&LMM=12&LYY=2020&WMO=01494&CONT=euro&REGION=0004&LAND=NO&ART=TMX&R=0&NOREGION=1&LEVEL=162&LANG=en&MOD=tab|title=Max. Temperature - Rygge - Climate Robot Norway|access-date=2021-06-26|archive-date=2021-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626131609/https://www.weatheronline.co.uk/weather/maps/city?FMM=1&FYY=1996&LMM=12&LYY=2020&WMO=01494&CONT=euro&REGION=0004&LAND=NO&ART=TMX&R=0&NOREGION=1&LEVEL=162&LANG=en&MOD=tab|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

==Industry==
The town is known for [[paper mill]]s, as well as [[Metalworking|metalworks]] and other factories. Dillingøy is known as a place for alternative non-military [[civil service]]. Moss is mentioned since the [[Renaissance]] and was the site of the signing of the Convention of Moss in 1814, which solidified the union with Sweden. The headquarters of textile producer [[Helly Hansen]] were located in Moss until 2009. The maker of international hotel keycards, Trio Ving, also has their headquarters here. [[AquaFence]], a manufacturer of reusable temporary flood and hurricane barriers, is headquartered here.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Miner |first=Gary |date=March 2023 |title=Norwegian AquaFence Offers Alternative to Sandbags |url=https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/?next_url=/ezproxy/r/ezp.2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuanN0b3Iub3JnL3N0YWJsZS80MTMxMjk5Mg-- |access-date=2024-09-27 |website=[[American Waterworks Association]] |language=en}}</ref>

==Transport==
The railway [[Østfold Line]] runs through Moss, stopping at [[Moss Station]], which is the southern terminus of one service of the [[Oslo Commuter Rail]] and an intermediate stop for regional trains. Moss connects across the [[Oslofjord]] to [[Horten]] via the [[Moss–Horten Ferry]]. There are also bus-lines to [[Oslo Airport, Gardermoen]], [[Gothenburg]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Oslo]] in addition to local bus lines. Moss port is one of the top 3 busiest container ports in Norway (measured in [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEUs]]).

==Health care==
Together with Østfold Kalnes Hospital, Østfold Moss Hospital covers general health care services for the municipality. The hospital is a modern unit for planned operations. There is a large outpatient and inpatient activity in a number of disciplines, in the field of [[somatics]] and mental health care as well as an operation department for both inpatient and day surgery. There is an eye department, imaging services, blood sampling and blood bank and more.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sykehuset Østfold Moss |url=https://sykehuset-ostfold.no/steder/sykehuset-ostfold-moss |access-date=31 May 2020 |language=en |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001121033/https://sykehuset-ostfold.no/steder/sykehuset-ostfold-moss |url-status=live }}</ref> The municipality also has three health stations - City center, Bredsand and Kambo health stations.

==Sport==
[[Moss FK]] are the town's football club. They play in the [[Norwegian First Division|First Division]], and have played in the Norwegian Premier League as recently as 2002.

== Notable people ==
{{Main category|People from Moss, Norway}}
[[File:Henrik Frederik Arild Sibbern 2.jpg|120px|thumb|Arild Sibbern, 1855]]
[[File:68746 Grynet Molvig.jpg|120px|thumb|Grynet Molvig, 1964]]
[[File:Jon Michelet 2011 (cropped).jpg|120px|thumb|Jon Michelet 2011]]
; people from Moss are known locally as ''"Mossinger"''
* [[Ari Behn]] (1972–2019), author and playwright; former husband of [[Princess Märtha Louise of Norway]]; brought up in Moss
* [[Tina Bru]] (born 1986 in Moss), politician and government minister
* [[Palle Rømer Fleischer]] (1781 in Moss – 1851), representative at the [[Norwegian Constitutional Assembly]]
* [[Gregers Gram (1846–1929)|Gregers Gram]] (1846 in Moss – 1929), [[List of heads of government of Norway|Norwegian prime minister]] in Stockholm, 1889 to 1891
* [[Christopher Hansteen (jurist)|Christopher Hansteen]] (1822 in Moss – 1912), judge, associate justice on the [[Supreme Court of Norway]], 1867 to 1905
* [[Eyvind Hellstrøm]] (born 1948 in Moss), gourmet chef and TV personality
* [[Knut Jacobsen (actor)|Knut Jacobsen]] (1910–1971), actor and costume designer
* [[Gretha Kant]] (born 1945), politician, mayor of Moss, 1995 to 2003
* [[Jorunn Kristiansen]], [[Miss Norway]] 1959<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQNe6nM41PI&t=159 | title=What's My Line? - Eartha Kitt; Martin Gabel &#91;panel&#93; (Jul 12, 1959) | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref>
* [[David Menkin]] (born 1977 in Moss), film, TV and voice actor<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0579696/   IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117112248/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0579696/ |date=2021-01-17 }} retrieved 11 March 2021</ref>
* [[Jon Michelet]] (1944 in Moss – 2018), novelist, author of crime novels, newspaper columns, and children's books
* [[Grynet Molvig]] (born 1942 in Rygge), Norwegian actress and singer<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0597301/  IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426061917/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0597301/ |date=2021-04-26 }} retrieved 11 March 2021</ref>
* [[Hanna Paulsberg]] (born 1987 in Rygge), jazz musician (tenor saxophone) and composer
* [[Johan Scharffenberg]] (1869 in Moss – 1965), psychiatrist, politician, speaker, and writer
* [[Per Schwenzen]] (1899 in Moss – 1984), writer of screenplays and librettos for operettas<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0777886/   IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316154322/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0777886/ |date=2021-03-16 }} retrieved 11 March 2021</ref>
* [[Arild Sibbern]] (1785 in Rygge – 1863), representative at the [[Norwegian Constituent Assembly]]
* [[Georg Sibbern]] (1816 in Rygge – 1901), [[prime minister of Norway]] 1858/61 and 1861/1871
* [[Torgrim Sørnes]] (born 1956 in Moss), physician, historian, and author
* [[Brede Bøe]] (born 1969, grew up in Moss), actor and politician

=== Sports ===
* [[Einar Jan Aas]] (born 1955 in Moss), former footballer with 35 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Agnete Carlsen]] (born 1971 in Moss), former footballer with 97 caps with [[Norway women's national football team|Norway women]]
* [[Erik Holtan]] (born 1969 in Moss), retired football goalkeeper with 330 club caps
* [[Rune Pedersen (referee)|Rune Pedersen]] (born 1963 in Moss), former football referee
* [[Thomas Myhre]] (born 1973, grew up in Moss), retired football goalkeeper with 56 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Erland Johnsen]] (born 1967, grew up in Moss), retired footballer with 24 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Gabriel Setterblom]] (born 1997, grew up in Moss), handball player at the [[2024 Summer Olympics]], with 16 caps for [[Norway men's national handball team|Norway]]

==International relations==
{{Main|List of twin towns and sister cities in Norway}}

{| style="float: right;" class="wikitable"
|+ '''Number of minorities (1st and 2nd generation) in Moss by country of origin in 2017'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=FolkInnvkatLand&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=innvbef&StatVariant=&checked=true |title=Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by immigration category, country background and percentages of the population |language=en |publisher=ssb.no |access-date=24 June 2017 |archive-date=2 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702101705/https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=FolkInnvkatLand&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=innvbef&StatVariant=&checked=true |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
|-
! style="background:#efefef;"|Ancestry
! style="background:#efefef;"|Number
|-
| {{flag|Poland}}||817
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}}||660
|-
| {{flag|Somalia}}||603
|-
| {{flag|Pakistan}}||476
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}}||331
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}}||323
|-
| {{flag|Iraq}}||223
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}}||191
|-
| {{flag|Kosovo}}||183
|-
| {{flag|Russia}}||162
|}

===Twin towns — Sister cities===
The following cities are [[town twinning|twinned]] with Moss:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moss.kommune.no/artikkel.aspx?AId=446&back=1&MId1=4032&MId2=5214&MId3=3957 |title=Vennskapsbyer |access-date=2008-12-16 |publisher=Moss Kommune |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003143622/http://www.moss.kommune.no/artikkel.aspx?AId=446&back=1&MId1=4032&MId2=5214&MId3=3957 |archive-date=October 3, 2011 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Aguacatán]], Guatemala
* {{flagicon|Iceland}} [[Blönduós]], Iceland
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Horsens Municipality|Horsens]], Denmark
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Karlstad Municipality|Karlstad]], Sweden
* {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Nokia, Finland|Nokia]], Finland
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]], Russia
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], United States

== Use of preposition with ''Moss'' ==
"In Moss" is translated ''i Moss''. In the 1800s one said [on Moss] ''på Moss''.<ref name=Verkland>{{cite news|author1=Sylfest Lomheim|author-link=Sylfest Lomheim|title=Dølar på Dalen|publisher=Klassekampen|date=2015-08-05|page=10}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
*A traditional expression, [the hay scale at Moss] ''høyvekta på Moss'', means "something that you can not trust".<ref name="Verkland"/>
*Moss is known throughout Norway for the local "dish" "Pølse i Vaffel" - sausage in waffle. The dish consists of a [[Vienna Sausage]] served in a Scandinavian style waffle with ketchup and mustard. The dish was most likely created in the 1960s, but this is widely discussed. [[Eyvind Hellstrøm]] - who later became a Michelin-star chef - and his brother Jan are often referred to as the creators. Eyvind Hellstrøm has not denied this in interviews.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moss-avis.no/nyheter/nyheter/brodrene-hellstrom-tar-et-oppgjor-med-polse-i-vaffel-pa-tv2s-showman/s/2-2.2643-1.6102568|title=Brødrene Hellstrøm tar et oppgjør med pølse i vaffel på TV2s «Showman|date=14 March 2011|access-date=7 July 2016|archive-date=19 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819061153/http://www.moss-avis.no/nyheter/nyheter/brodrene-hellstrom-tar-et-oppgjor-med-polse-i-vaffel-pa-tv2s-showman/s/2-2.2643-1.6102568|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moss-avis.no/nyheter/polse-i-vaffel-har-lang-og-rik-historie-i-moss/s/2-2.2643-1.3946261|title=Pølse i vaffel har lang og rik historie i Moss|date=26 January 2010|access-date=7 July 2016|archive-date=19 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819074751/http://www.moss-avis.no/nyheter/polse-i-vaffel-har-lang-og-rik-historie-i-moss/s/2-2.2643-1.3946261|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Storgata i Moss sett fra krysset ved Jeløgata og Jernbanegata, 2015-07-03.jpg | Storgata (street) in Moss
File:Moss Tollboden Moss.jpg | Cultural heritage building in Moss
File:Moss, the Venetian part - panoramio.jpg | Bridge over the canal between Moss and Jeløy
File:Moss railway station, with intercity train.jpg | Moss railway station, 2019
File:Moss kirke, Moss kommune, Østfold.jpg | Moss Church
File:Hotell Refsnes Gods.jpg | Hotel Refsnes Gods
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Moss, Norway}}
{{wiktionary|Moss}}
{{div col|colwidth=28em}}
* [https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/artikler-og-publikasjoner/norges-100-mest-folkerike-kommuner?tabell=446939 Municipal fact sheet] from [[Statistics Norway]]
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Moss}}
* [http://www.moss.kommune.no Municipal website] {{in lang|no}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081207154730/http://www.moss.kommune.no/artikkel.aspx?AId=1186&back=1&MId1=5091 Municipal website] 
* [http://fernlea.tripod.com/moss.html/ Moss meteorites]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080926200645/http://www.foto-moss.com/ Foto-Moss.com] {{in lang|no}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030211234226/http://www.mossby.no/ Mossby.no] {{in lang|no}}
* "[http://www.moss-avis.no/ Moss Avis]" local newspaper {{in lang|no}}
* [https://archive.today/20130112070909/http://www.mossby.no/historie.phtml Short historical summary of Moss] {{in lang|no}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050520082444/http://www.bellman12-13.org/english-nl.htm Norwegian Lady statue]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090526084757/http://www.mofs-avis.no/ "Mofs Avis", parodic local newspaper] {{in lang|no}}
{{div col end}}

{{Moss, Norway}}
{{Østfold}}
{{25 largest municipalities of Norway}}
{{Most populous urban areas of Norway|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Moss, Norway| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Østfold]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Norway]]