Editing Monument, Oregon

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Monument, Oregon
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    = 
|image_skyline            = Monument School (Grant County, Oregon scenic images) (graDA0075).jpg
|imagesize                = 280px
|image_caption            = The Monument School in Monument
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               = 
|image_map = Grant_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Monument_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location in [[Oregon]]
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Oregon]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Oregon|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Grant County, Oregon|Grant]]
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = Sahara Derowitsch{{citation needed|date=November 2023}}
|established_title        = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date         = February 6, 1905
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.51
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='41'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 12, 2022}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 1.32
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.51
|area_land_km2            = 1.32
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_note          = 
|population_total         = 115
|population_metro         = 
|population_urban         = 
|population_density_km2   = 87.27
|population_density_sq_mi = 225.93
|timezone                 = [[Pacific Standard Time Zone|Pacific]]
|utc_offset               = -8
|timezone_DST             = Pacific
|utc_offset_DST           = -7
|coordinates              = {{coord|44|49|15|N|119|25|15|W|region:US-OR_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 2024
|website                  = http://www.cityofmonument.com
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 97864
|area_code                = [[Area codes 541 and 458|458 and 541]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 41-49750<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2411152<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2411152}}</ref>
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
}}
'''Monument''' is a city in [[Grant County, Oregon|Grant County]], [[Oregon]], United States. The population was 128 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]]. It is located near the confluence of the [[North Fork John Day River|North]] and [[Middle Fork John Day River|Middle Forks]] of the John Day River. Its post office was established in 1874 and named for a nearby mountain or rock formation.<ref>{{Cite OGN|7th|page=657}}</ref>

As of 2000, the Monument School District, consisting of the Monument School, had a {{convert|7000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} science building for its environmental sciences curriculum, which was paid for by a federal grant of about a $500,000. The program taught students about the ecology of local [[Pinus ponderosa|Ponderosa Pine]] forest and [[sagebrush steppe]] and the water quality and habitat of streams. The school had over 100 students in 1997, but the decline of ranching and timber production caused many families to move, bringing the number of children at the school down to 62 by the year 2000. Annual federal timber payments to the city of Monument declined from $100,000 in 1990 to $5,000 in 2000. With a population of 165 in 2000, Monument had "a grocery store, restaurant, tavern, three churches, a senior center, fire station and the offices of the Columbia Power Electric Cooperative utility."<ref name=oregonian>{{cite news|first=Richard|last=Cockle|title=Science Teacher's Legacy May Help Keep Tiny Oregon District Alive|newspaper=The Oregonian|location=Portland, Oregon|page=A21|date=June 18, 2000}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.51|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 21, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|archive-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref> By road, Monument is {{convert|110|mi|km}} southwest of [[Pendleton, Oregon|Pendleton]], about {{convert|64|mi|km}} northwest of [[John Day, Oregon|John Day]], and about {{convert|156|mi|km}} northeast of [[Bend, Oregon|Bend]].<ref name=oregonian/><ref>{{cite web|title=Google Maps|url=https://maps.google.com/?ll=44.820812,-119.4104&spn=2.60278,6.421509&t=m&z=8|access-date=June 12, 2013}}</ref>

==Climate==
This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above {{convert|71.6|F|C}}. According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Monument has a [[steppe climate]], abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps. An average of about {{convert|13|in|mm}} of precipitation falls on Monument each year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monument 2, Oregon (355711)|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or5711|publisher=Western Regional Climate Center|access-date=2015-06-27}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| width       = auto
| collapsed   = yes
| single line = yes
| location    = Monument, Oregon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1961–2020)
| Jan record high F = 69
| Feb record high F = 74
| Mar record high F = 85
| Apr record high F = 95
| May record high F = 102
| Jun record high F = 110
| Jul record high F = 116
| Aug record high F = 115
| Sep record high F = 109
| Oct record high F = 96
| Nov record high F = 84
| Dec record high F = 70
| year record high F = 116
| Jan high F = 44.0
| Feb high F = 50.3
| Mar high F = 58.4
| Apr high F = 65.4
| May high F = 74.2
| Jun high F = 81.4
| Jul high F = 93.4
| Aug high F = 93.6
| Sep high F = 83.7
| Oct high F = 67.4
| Nov high F = 52.6
| Dec high F = 43.0
| year high F = 67.3
| Jan mean F = 33.6
| Feb mean F = 37.5
| Mar mean F = 44.1
| Apr mean F = 50.0
| May mean F = 57.8
| Jun mean F = 64.3
| Jul mean F = 72.3
| Aug mean F = 71.8
| Sep mean F = 62.7
| Oct mean F = 50.6
| Nov mean F = 40.1
| Dec mean F = 33.2
| year mean F = 51.5
| Jan low F = 23.1
| Feb low F = 24.7
| Mar low F = 29.8
| Apr low F = 34.5
| May low F = 41.3
| Jun low F = 47.1
| Jul low F = 51.2
| Aug low F = 50.0
| Sep low F = 41.7
| Oct low F = 33.8
| Nov low F = 27.6
| Dec low F = 23.4
| year low F = 35.7
| Jan record low F = -26
| Feb record low F = -21
| Mar record low F = 10
| Apr record low F = 15
| May record low F = 21
| Jun record low F = 30
| Jul record low F = 35
| Aug record low F = 31
| Sep record low F = 23
| Oct record low F = 3
| Nov record low F = -15
| Dec record low F = -25
| year record low F = -26
| precipitation colour   = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 1.31
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.21
| Mar precipitation inch = 1.56
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.51
| May precipitation inch = 2.10
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.48
| Jul precipitation inch = 0.48
| Aug precipitation inch = 0.58
| Sep precipitation inch = 0.58
| Oct precipitation inch = 1.27
| Nov precipitation inch = 1.47
| Dec precipitation inch = 1.58
| year precipitation inch = 15.13

| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=pdt
|title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = April 21, 2024}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00355711&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = April 21, 2024}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 119
|1920= 147
|1930= 97
|1940= 118
|1950= 228
|1960= 214
|1970= 161
|1980= 192
|1990= 162
|2000= 151
|2010= 128
|2020= 115
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:41&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Oct 12, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]] of 2010, there were 128 people, 55 households, and 31 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|251.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 82 housing units at an average density of {{convert|160.8|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.8% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.9% of the population.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref>
There were 55 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.6% were non-families. 38.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.23.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

The median age in the city was 40.5 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.4% were from 45 to 64; and 16.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.7% male and 45.3% female.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

===2000 census===
As of the census of 2000, there were 151 people, 68 households, and 41 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|281.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 81 housing units at an average density of {{convert|150.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.36% White, 3.97% Native American, and 0.66% from two or more races.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

There were 68 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.78.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 118.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.2 males.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

The median income for a household in the city was $24,000, and the median income for a family was $45,714. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $21,250 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,814. There were 6.8% of families and 17.1% of the population living below the [[poverty line]], including 19.2% of under eighteens and 8.0% of those over 64.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

==Transportation==
* [[Monument Municipal Airport]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.gcoregonlive.com/bus_display.php/523 Grant County Chamber of Commerce entry for Monument]
* [https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/local/cities/l-r/monument.aspx Entry for Monument] in the ''[[Oregon Blue Book]]''

{{Grant County, Oregon}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Oregon]]
[[Category:Cities in Grant County, Oregon]]
[[Category:1905 establishments in Oregon]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1905]]