Editing Montour Falls, New York

{{More citations needed|date=January 2008}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Montour Falls, New York
| settlement_type          = [[Village (United States)|Village]]
| nickname                 = 
| motto                    = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline            = Montour Falls from Mill Street.jpg
| imagesize                = 300px
| image_caption            = Downtown Montour Falls as seen from Mill Street above Shequaga Falls.
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = <!-- Maps -->
| pushpin_map              = New York
| pushpin_label_position   = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location within the state of New York
| pushpin_mapsize          = 
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| image_map1               = 
| mapsize1                 = 
| map_caption1             = <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[New York (state)|New York]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in New York|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Schuyler County, New York|Schuyler]]
| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
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| established_date         = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 7.85
| area_land_km2            = 7.79
| area_water_km2           = 0.06
| area_total_sq_mi         = 3.03
| area_land_sq_mi          = 3.01
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.02

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 1635
| population_density_km2   = 209.84
| population_density_sq_mi = 543.55

<!-- General information -->| timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
| utc_offset               = -5
| timezone_DST             = EDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -4
| elevation_footnotes      = 
| elevation_m              = 137
| elevation_ft             = 449
| coordinates              = {{coord|42|20|57|N|76|50|47|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 14865
| area_code                = [[Area code 607|607]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 36-48197
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 0974235
| website                  = {{URL|https://www.villageofmontourfalls.com/|Village website}}
| footnotes                = 
| pop_est_as_of            = 
| pop_est_footnotes        = 
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}}

[[File:Shequaga Falls Drone Photo.jpg|thumb|Shequaga Falls is in Montour Falls, New York, on Monday, November 1, 2021. (Photo by Ted Shaffrey)]]
'''Montour Falls''' is a [[Administrative divisions of New York#Village|village]] located in [[Schuyler County, New York|Schuyler County]], [[New York (state)|New York]], United States. The population was 2,714 at the time of the 2020 census. A [[waterfall]] at the end of West Main Street gives the village its name. The name "Montour" is derived from [[Catharine Montour|Queen Catharine Montour]], a prominent Native American woman of Seneca Indian heritage who lived at the village site in the 18th century.

The boundaries defining the Village of Montour Falls occur mostly within the [[Montour, New York|Town of Montour]], but a small part lies within the [[Dix, New York|Town of Dix]].  The village is located approximately twenty miles north of [[Elmira, New York]] and three miles south of [[Watkins Glen, New York]]. The New York State Academy of Fire Science is located in the village.

==History==
The modern day Village of Montour Falls is developed on the site of a former [[Seneca people|Seneca]] Indian village, '''Queanettquaga,''' informally known as '''[[Catherine's Town (Seneca town)|Catherine's Town]]''' after a prominent Seneca Indian resident and leader, Queen Catharine Montour.  Queen Catharine Montour's father (Peter Quebec) was a Mohawk Chief, and her mother (Margaret Montour Hunter) the daughter of an Oneida Chief. She would marry Seneca Indian Chief Thomas Htitson.  Queen Catharine Montour's Seneca Tribe was a member of the Iroquois Confederacy.  During America's War of Independence reprisals were sanctioned against tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy who had allied themselves with Great Britain. The infamous nearby [[Battle of Newtown|Battle of Newtown, New York]] (August 1779) and the march that devastated Queanettquaga (and forty other Amerindian villages of the Finger Lakes) is known as the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition.<ref>[http://www.schuylerhistory.org/Queen_Catharine_Montour.pdf Tompkins, Andrew E. (n.d.), "Queen Catharine Montour," Schuyler County Historical Society] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222221140/http://www.schuylerhistory.org/Queen_Catharine_Montour.pdf |date=December 22, 2012 }}. Accessed: October 15, 2012.</ref> In addition to burning Queen Catharine Montour's log palace, orchards were cut down, homes destroyed, livestock murdered and cropland salted. Residents of Catharine's Town dispersed to areas as far away as Niagara and Canada. Queen Catharine Montour (b. 1710, died February 20, 1804) is memorialized by a grave mound located on her namesake Catharine Trail within the Montour Falls village limits.

By 1788 the area began to be settled by European Americans. In 1805 the area was known as Mill's Landing after local resident George Mills. (The nearby village of Millport, to current times, is also named for George Mills).  1802 is the earliest date commonly used to mark the beginning of the Montour Falls community &mdash; it is the year George Mills was appointed postmaster.  It is estimated the community of 1802 consisted of twenty residents – and no stores.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Beginning in 1827 and completed in 1833, the [[Chemung Canal]] was built through Mills Landing to connect the Chemung River and its watershed to Seneca Lake. Mills Landing, later Havana, would become commercially significant given its location at the head of navigation on the Seneca Lake inlet. At the north end of the lake, another canal connected to the Erie Canal, leading both to the [[Great Lakes]] and to the Hudson River and port of New York City, to increase trade and commerce in the region. The village remained unincorporated until May 13, 1836, when it officially adopted a new name to become Havana, New York. The village of Havana was designated the first [[county seat]] of newly formed Schuyler County in 1854.  By 1861 the county seat would be moved to [[Watkins Glen, New York|Watkins Glen]].
[[Image:Montour Falls.jpg|thumb|230px|left|[[Shequaga Falls]] borders the west side of the village of Montour Falls]]
The current name of '''Montour Falls''' was adopted for the village on March 20, 1895. The Town of Montour is also named after the 18th-century Native American Seneca tribe matriarch, Catharine Montour.

From 1850 to 1888 the area's Havana pottery stoneware manufacturing community comprised six firms: Savage, Parsons & Co., Savage & Rogers, Brewer & Halm, S. T. Brewer, H. M. Whitman, J. M. Whitman and A. O. Whittemore.

Charles Cook, businessmen, politician (Canal Commissioner and State Senator), philanthropist and visionary, is credited with the establishment of Schuyler County (1854) and Havana, New York as its first County Seat; the Cook Academy (originally the People's College) began construction in 1858.  Today the same facility is home to the New York State Academy of Fire Science.  Cook also served as president of the Chemung Canal Trust Bank—the oldest continuously operating bank in the region dating to 1835. On November 20, 1886, a tribute service held at Cook Academy was attended by Governor David Hill and more than 1,000 citizens, associates and admirers of Cook.  A bust of Charles Cook was dedicated at the tribute service.  Charles Cook never married.
[[File:Shequaga Falls during Winter.jpg|thumb|Shequaga Falls in the winter]]
In 1872 two native son engineers of Havana, New York, formed a materials handling company they called Shepard Niles. In 1902 they built their first heavy duty crane and sold it around the world. The company is still in business today.  From their web site: "Workhorse cranes and hoists that last virtually forever–this is what industry expects from Shepard Niles. Our custom hand-built, heavy-duty Class D and E cranes and hoists helped America become the world's leading industrial nation, and powered our country through two World Wars."  While the company is ongoing, since its acquisition in 1989, its primary operations are no longer domiciled in Montour Falls.

In 1934 the National Bank of Montour Falls is listed in the Federal Reserve Bank roster Second District.  The National Bank of Montour Falls (also 1934) is the issuing bank on a US $10.00 (ten-dollar) Federal Reserve note.

Montour Falls is well known{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} for the natural attraction of a 165-foot [[waterfall]] located on the west side of the village.  At the base of the falls is a sign labeled "She-qua-ga", a transliteration of its Seneca name. A bridge above the waterfall spells the name as "Che-qua-ga". Many historic names have been recorded under a wide variety of spellings, especially as various peoples tried to transliterate them from one language to another. This attraction is also known as "Montour Falls".

The [[Brick Tavern Stand]], [[Montour Falls Historic District]], and [[Montour Falls Union Grammar School]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref><ref name="nps">{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/listings/20121207.htm|title=National Register of Historic Places|date=December 7, 2012|work=Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 2/09/15 through 2/13/15|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Montour Falls NY.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Shequaga Falls, which are located in a park in a residential portion of the community, during the dry season.]]
Montour Falls is located at {{Coord|42|20|57|N|76|50|47|W|type:city}} (42.349209, -76.846450).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|3.0|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|3.0|sqmi|km2}}  is land and {{convert|0.04|sqmi|km2}}  (0.66%) is water. Catharine Creek flows northward through the Catharine Creek Valley toward [[Seneca Lake (New York)|Seneca Lake]].

[[New York State Route 14]] intersects [[New York State Route 224]] in Montour Falls.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 1273
|1880= 1274
|1890= 1751
|1900= 1193
|1910= 1208
|1920= 1560
|1930= 1489
|1940= 1345
|1950= 1457
|1960= 1533
|1970= 1534
|1980= 1791
|1990= 1845
|2000= 1797
|2010= 1711
|2020= 1635
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,797 people, 701 households, and 419 families residing in the village. The population density was {{convert|597.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 755 housing units at an average density of {{convert|251.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the village was 97.61% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.00% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.33% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.22% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.17% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.67% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.39% of the population.

There were 701 households, out of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.79.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 19.1% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 27.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 70.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $29,018, and the median income for a family was $36,307. Males had a median income of $31,064 versus $21,813 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $15,671. About 11.5% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 24.0% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

==Notable people==
*[[William Terry Jackson]], former US Congressman (1849-1851); died in Havana, New York on September 15, 1882, age 87.
*[[David Bennett Hill]], born in Havana, New York on August 29, 1843. 29th Governor of New York (1885-1891); capital punishment by electrocution signed into New Law by Governor David Hill on June 4, 1888.
*[[Charles Cook (New York politician)|Charles Cook]], State Senator (District 27, 1862-3), advocated for formation of Schuyler County (1854), Founded Cook Academy in 1858 Havana, New York; currently, the Cook Academy building houses the Academy of Fire Science for New York.
*[[Jane Arminda Delano]], born in Havana, New York on March 12, 1862, founder of the [[American Red Cross Nursing Service]], died in [[Savenay]] [[Loire-Atlantique]], France (April 15, 1919). Was interred at Arlington National Cemetery.

==See also==
* [[History of Cornell University]] - including excerpts on the history of People's College in Havana (now Montour Falls), New York's first [[land-grant university|land-grant college]] under the [[Morrill Acts]].
* [[David B. Hill]] born (1843) in Havana, New York, 29th Governor of New York

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Montour Falls, New York}}
* [http://www.villageofmontourfalls.com/ Village of Montour Falls, NY]
* [http://www.genealogy.com/ftm/l/a/t/Harrison-L-La-tour/WEBSITE-0001/UHP-1503.html Genealogy of Queen Catherine Montour]
* [http://www.dhses.ny.gov/ofpc/training/fire-academy]
* [http://www.schuylerhistory.org/ Schuyler Country Historical Society], Montour Falls
* [http://www.havanastoneware.com/ Havana Stoneware Pottery]
* [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1886/11/21/103648813.pdf 1,000 persons attend services honoring Charles Cook November 20, 1886]
* [http://www.crookedlakereview.com/articles/67_100/85apr1995/85bell.html  Charles Cook founder of Schuyler County]
* [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nyschuyl/cookacad.htm  Charles Cook founder of Cook Academy ]
* [https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/466/item/16038?start_page=8  Federal Reserve Bank Second District roster showing Montour National Bank (1934)]
* [http://www.shepard-niles.com/about.html  History of Shepard Niles "Still going strong after 130 years"]
{{Schuyler County, New York}}

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[[Category:Montour Falls, New York| ]]
[[Category:Villages in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Villages in Schuyler County, New York]]