Editing Minamoto no Yoritomo

{{Short description|First shōgun of Japan from 1192 to 1199}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{family name hatnote|Minamoto|lang=Japanese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| native_name         = {{nobold|源 頼朝}}
| native_name_lang    = ja
| image               = Minamoto no Yoritomo.jpg
| caption             = Portrait by [[Fujiwara no Takanobu]], 1179
| office              = ''[[Shōgun]]''
| termstart           = July 12, 1192
| termend             = February 9, 1199
| monarch             = [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]]
| predecessor         = ''Shogunate established''
| successor           = [[Minamoto no Yoriie]]
| office2             = Head of the [[Kawachi Genji]] ([[Minamoto clan]])
| predecessor2        = [[Minamoto no Yoshitomo]]
| successor2          = [[Minamoto no Yoriie]]
| birth_date          = May 9, 1147{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
| birth_place         = Atsuta, [[Owari Province]]
| death_date          = February 9, 1199 (aged 51)<ref name="EB">{{Britannica|383431}}</ref>
| death_place         = [[Kamakura]], [[Kamakura shogunate]]
| spouse              = [[Hōjō Masako]]
| children            = {{Plainlist|
* [[Minamoto no Yoriie]]
* [[Minamoto no Sanetomo]]
* [[Shimazu Tadahisa]]
* {{ill|v=ib|Ōhime|ja|大姫 (源頼朝の娘)}}
}}
| father              = [[Minamoto no Yoshitomo]]
| signature           = Minamoto no Yoritomo kaou.jpg
| mother              = {{ill|v=ib|Yura Gozen|ja|由良御前}}
| relatives           = {{Plainlist|
* [[Fujiwara no Suenori]] (grandfather)
* [[Minamoto no Yoshihira]] (brother)
* [[Minamoto no Noriyori]] (brother)
* [[Minamoto no Tomonaga]] (half-brother)
* [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]] (half-brother)}}
| relations           = {{Plainlist|
* {{ill|v=ib|Kame no Mae|ja|亀の前}} (concubine)
* {{ill|v=ib|Daishin no Tsubone|ja|大進局}} (concubine)
}}
| allegiance          = [[Emperor of Japan]]
| battles             = [[Genpei war]] (1180 - 1185)
| rank                = [[Shogun|Commander-in-Chief]]
}}

{{nihongo|'''Minamoto no Yoritomo'''|源 頼朝||{{IPA|ja|mʲi.na.mo.to no (<nowiki>|</nowiki>) jo.ɾʲi.to.mo}},<ref>{{cite book|script-title=ja:NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典|publisher=NHK Publishing|editor=NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute|date=24 May 2016|lang=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|script-title=ja:新明解日本語アクセント辞典|edition=2nd|editor-last=Kindaichi|editor-first=Haruhiko|editor-link=Haruhiko Kindaichi|editor-last2=Akinaga|editor-first2=Kazue|publisher=[[Sanseidō]]|date=10 March 2025|lang=ja}}</ref> May 9, 1147 – February 9, 1199}} was the founder and the first [[shogun]] of the [[Kamakura shogunate]], ruling from 1192 until 1199, also the first ruling [[shogun]] in the [[history of Japan]].<ref name=":0">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Minamoto no Yoriie" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', |page=635}}.</ref> He was the husband of [[Hōjō Masako]] who acted as regent (''[[shikken]]'') after his death.

Yoritomo was the son of [[Minamoto no Yoshitomo]] and belonged to [[Seiwa Genji]]'s prestigious [[Kawachi Genji]] family. After successfully maneuvering himself to the position of rightful heir of the [[Minamoto clan]], he led his clan against the [[Taira clan|Taira]] from his capital in [[Kamakura]], beginning the [[Genpei War]] in 1180. After five years of civil war, the Minamoto clan finally defeated the Taira in the [[Battle of Dan-no-ura]] in 1185. Yoritomo established the supremacy of the [[samurai]] caste and the first shogunate (''[[bakufu]]'') which was to be centered around Kamakura, thus beginning the [[History of Japan#Feudal Japan|feudal age in Japan]], which lasted until the 17th century.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1438/feudalism-in-medieval-japan/ | title=Feudalism in Medieval Japan }}</ref>

==Early life==
[[File:Seigan-ji (Nagoya) sanmon.JPG|thumb|left|Gate of [[Seigan-ji (Atsuta-ku, Nagoya)|Seigan-ji]] in [[Nagoya]], the site of the former family villa and his birthplace]]
Yoritomo was the third son of [[Minamoto no Yoshitomo]], heir of the [[Minamoto]] ([[Seiwa Genji]]) clan, and his official wife, [[Yura-Gozen]], daughter of [[Fujiwara no Suenori]], High Priest of [[Atsuta Shrine]] and a member of the powerful [[Fujiwara clan]]. Yoritomo was born in the family villa, on the western side of Atsuta Shrine, in [[Atsuta-ku, Nagoya|Atsuta]], [[Nagoya]], [[Owari Province]]<ref>"系図纂要(Keizusanyo)"</ref><ref>"尾張名所図会(Owarimeishozue)"</ref><ref>"尾張志(owarishi)"</ref> (present-day [[Seigan-ji (Atsuta-ku, Nagoya)|Seigan-ji]]). At the time, his grandfather [[Minamoto no Tameyoshi]] was the head of the Minamoto clan. His childhood name was '''Oniwakamaru''' (鬼武丸). He was a descendant of [[Emperor Seiwa]].<ref name="EB"/>

In 1156, factional divisions in the court erupted into open warfare within the [[Imperial Court in Kyoto|capital]]. The [[cloistered rule|cloistered]] [[Emperor Toba]] and his son [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]] sided with the son of Fujiwara regent [[Fujiwara no Tadazane]], [[Fujiwara no Tadamichi]] as well as [[Taira no Kiyomori]] (heir of the [[Taira]] clan at the time), while [[Emperor Sutoku|Cloistered Emperor Sutoku]] sided with Tadazane's younger son, [[Fujiwara no Yorinaga]]. This is known as the [[Hōgen Rebellion]].<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|210–211, 255}}

The [[Minamoto]] clan were split. The head of the clan, Tameyoshi, sided with Sutoku. However, his son, Yoshitomo (father of Yoritomo), sided with Toba and Go-Shirakawa, as well as Kiyomori. In the end, the supporters of Go-Shirakawa won the civil war, thus ensuring victory for Yoshitomo and Kiyomori. Sutoku was placed under house arrest, and Yorinaga was fatally wounded in battle. Tameyoshi was executed by the forces of Yoshitomo. Nonetheless, Go-Shirakawa and Kiyomori were ruthless, and Yoshitomo found himself as the head of the [[Minamoto]] clan, while Yoritomo became the heir.<ref name=Sansom>{{Cite book |last=Sansom |first=George |title=A History of Japan to 1334 |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1958 |isbn=0804705232 |pages=210–211, 255–258}}</ref>

Yoritomo and the [[Minamoto]] clan descended from the imperial family on his father's side. Nonetheless, in [[Kyoto]], the [[Taira]] clan, now under the leadership of Kiyomori, and the Minamoto clan, under the leadership of Yoshitomo, began to factionalize again.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|239–241, 256–257}}

Four years later, Kiyomori supported [[Fujiwara no Michinori]], also known as Shinzei. However, Yoshitomo supported [[Fujiwara no Nobuyori]]. This was known as the [[Heiji Rebellion]]. Nonetheless, the [[Minamoto]] were not well prepared, and the [[Taira]] took control of [[Kyoto]]. Shinzei's mansion was attacked by the Taira; Shinzei escaped, only to be captured and decapitated shortly thereafter. The Taira then [[Siege of Sanjō Palace|burned]] the ex-emperor's palace, defeating the Minamoto. Yoshitomo fled the capital but was later betrayed and executed by a retainer.<ref name=Sansom/>

In the aftermath, harsh terms were imposed on the Minamoto and their allies. Only Yoshitomo's three young boys remained alive, so that Kiyomori and the Taira clan were now the undisputed leaders of Japan.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|258–260}}  Yoritomo, the new head of the Minamoto, was not executed by Kiyomori because of pleas from Kiyomori's stepmother but was exiled. Yoritomo's brothers, [[Minamoto no Noriyori]] and [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]] were also allowed to live.<ref name=Sato>{{Cite book |last=Sato |author-link=Hiroaki Sato (translator) |first=Hiroaki |title=Legends of the Samurai |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |year=1995 |isbn=9781590207307 |page=30}}</ref>

Yoritomo grew up in exile. He married into the [[Hōjō clan]], led by [[Hōjō Tokimasa]], marrying Tokimasa's daughter, [[Hōjō Masako]].<ref name=Sato/>{{rp|147}}<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|371}} Meanwhile, he was notified of events in [[Kyoto]].<ref name=Turnbull3>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai, A Military History |publisher=MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc. |year=1977 |isbn=0026205408 |pages=40, 50–51}}</ref>

==Family==
'''Parents'''
* Father: [[Minamoto no Yoshitomo]] (源 義朝, 1123 – February 11, 1160)
* Mother: [[Yura Gozen]] (由良御前, d. 1159), daughter of [[Fujiwara no Suenori]] (藤原 季範)

'''Consorts and issues'''
*Possible Wife: Yaehime (八重姫), daughter of [[Itō Sukechika]] (伊東 祐親)
**Chizurumaru (千鶴丸), possible  first son 
*Wife: [[Hōjō Masako]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hotate|first=Michihisa|title=Inseiki Azuma-no-kuni to Runin・Minamoto no Poritomo no Tachiitchi (院政期東国と流人・源頼朝の位置) & Chusei no Kokudokoken to Tenno・Buke (中世の国土高権と天皇・武家)|publisher=Azekurashobo|year=2015|isbn=978-4-7517-4640-0|location=Japan}}</ref> (北条 政子, 1156 – August 16, 1225), daughter of [[Hōjō Tokimasa]] (北条 時政)
**Ohime (大姫, 1178 – August 28, 1197), Fiance of Minamoto no Yoshitaka (源 義高), first daughter
**[[Minamoto no Yoriie]] (Japanese: 源 頼家, September 11  1182 – August 14, 1204), first son<ref name=":0" />
**Lady Mihata (三幡, 1186 – July 24, 1199), second daughter
**[[Minamoto no Sanetomo]] (源 実朝, September 12  1192 – February 12, 1219, r. 1203–1219), third son<ref>Nussbaum, p. 634</ref>
*Concubine: Kame no Mae (亀の前){{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
*Concubine: Daishin no Tsubone (大進局), daughter of Date Tomomune (伊達朝宗)
**Jōgyō (貞暁, March 18, 1186 – May 27, 1231 ), also known as Kamamura Hōin (鎌倉法印), second son

==Call to arms and the Genpei War (1180–1185)==
[[File:Minamoto no Yoritomo hanging scroll painting 14th century.jpg|thumb|Minamoto no Yoritomo scroll painting, late 14th century]]

In 1180, [[Prince Mochihito]], a son of Cloistered [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]], made a national call to arms of the Minamoto clan all over Japan to rebel against the [[Taira]]. Yoritomo took part in this, especially after tensions escalated between the Taira and Minamoto after the death of [[Minamoto no Yorimasa]] and [[Prince Mochihito]] himself.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|278–281, 291}}

Yoritomo established himself as the rightful heir of the [[Minamoto]] clan and set up a capital in [[Kamakura, Kanagawa|Kamakura]] to the east. Not all Minamoto thought of Yoritomo as rightful heir, however. His uncle, [[Minamoto no Yukiie]], and his cousin [[Minamoto no Yoshinaka]], conspired against him.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|296}}

In September 1180, Yoritomo was defeated at the [[Battle of Ishibashiyama]], his first major battle, when [[Ōba Kagechika]] led a rapid night attack.<ref name=Turnbull2>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai Sourcebook |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=1998 |isbn=1854095234 |page=200}}</ref> After his defeat in Mt. Ishibashiyama, Minamoto no Yoritomo fled into the Hakone mountains, stayed in [[Yugawara]], then escaped from [[Manazuru]]-Iwa to [[Awa District, Chiba|Awa]] (south of present-day [[Chiba, Chiba|Chiba]]). Yoritomo spent the next six months raising a new army.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|289–291}}

[[Taira no Kiyomori]] died in 1181 and the Taira clan was now led by [[Taira no Munemori]].<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|287}} Munemori took a much more aggressive policy against the Minamoto and attacked Minamoto bases from [[Kyoto]] in the [[Genpei War]]. Nonetheless, Yoritomo was well protected in [[Kamakura]].

His brothers [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]] and [[Minamoto no Noriyori]] defeated the Taira in several battles, but they could not stop [[Minamoto no Yoshinaka]], Yoritomo's rival, from entering [[Kyoto]] in 1183 and chasing the Taira south. The Taira took [[Emperor Antoku]] with them.<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|289–305}} In 1184, the Minamoto replaced Antoku with [[Emperor Go-Toba]].<ref name=Sansom/>{{rp|319}}

From 1181 to 1184, a de facto truce with the Taira-dominated court allowed Yoritomo the time to build an administration of his own, centered on his military headquarters in Kamakura. In the end he triumphed over his rival cousins, who sought to steal control of the clan from him, and over the [[Taira]], who suffered a terrible defeat at the [[Battle of Dan-no-ura]] in 1185. Yoritomo established the supremacy of the [[samurai]] caste and the first shogunate ([[bakufu]]) at Kamakura, thus beginning the feudal age in Japan, which lasted until the 17th century.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1438/feudalism-in-medieval-japan/ | title=Feudalism in Medieval Japan }}</ref>

==Later years and death==
[[File:Udaisho Minamotono Yoritomo.jpg|thumb|An ''[[ukiyo-e]]'' by [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi|Yoshitoshi]] depicting Yoritomo and his retainers releasing cranes to mourn for the war dead in the Mutsu and Dewa Conquest.]]

As he rose to a position of power, Yoritomo began to defy and undermine the authority of Emperor Go-Shirakawa by appointing his own ''jitō'' (district stewards) and ''shugo'' (constables), thus eroding the central government's local administrative power.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Minamoto-Yoritomo | title=Minamoto Yoritomo &#124; Facts, History, & Kamakura Shogunate &#124; Britannica | date=March 27, 2024 }}</ref>

In the summer of 1189, Yoritomo invaded and subjugated the northern provinces of [[Mutsu Province|Mutsu]] and [[Dewa Province|Dewa]]. In December 1190 Yoritomo took up residence in his Rokuhara mansion at the capital, the former headquarters of the Taira clan. When his old rival, Emperor Go-Shirakawa died in the spring of 1192, there was no longer anyone standing in the way of his ultimate ambition. Thus, Yoritomo gave himself the title of ''Sei-i Tai Shōgun'' (Barbarian-quelling Generalissimo) which formally placed all the feudal lords and both the ''jitō'' and ''shugo'' under his direct control. Thus creating a new [[feudal state]] organized around [[Kamakura]] while [[Kyoto]] was relegated to the role of "national ceremony and ritual".<ref name="Sansom" />{{rp|317–318, 327, 329, 331}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Minamoto-Yoritomo | title=Minamoto Yoritomo &#124; Facts, History, & Kamakura Shogunate &#124; Britannica | date=March 27, 2024 }}</ref>

Yoritomo gathered his ''[[gokenin]]'' in May 1193 and arranged a grand hunting event, [[Fuji no Makigari]]. On May 16, Yoritomo's 12-year-old son Yoriie shot a deer for the first time. Hunting was stopped and a festival was held in the evening. Yoritomo rejoiced in his son's achievement and sent a messenger to his wife Masako, but Masako sent the messenger back, saying that a military commander's son being able to shoot a deer is nothing to celebrate.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Azuma Kagami (吾妻鏡)|location=Japan|pages=Article May 22, 1193}}</ref>

The [[Revenge of the Soga Brothers]] took place on May 28 of the same year at the Fuji no Makigari hunting event. The brothers [[Soga Sukenari]] and [[Soga Tokimune]] murdered the killer of their father, [[Kudō Suketsune]]. The brothers managed to kill 10 other participants until [[Nitta Tadatsune]] killed Sukenari. Then, Tokimune raided Yoritomo's mansion attempting to attack Yoritomo, but was finally taken down by [[Gosho no Gorōmaru]], thus saving Yoritomo from a possible [[assassination]] attempt and ending the massacre. After this, Yoritomo took Tokimune in for questioning and had him [[executed]] later.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Soga Monogatari (曽我物語)|publisher=Shogakukan|year=2002|isbn=4096580538|location=Japan}}</ref>

Yoritomo was ordained as a [[Buddhist monk]] in 1199 and left his home. He received the [[Dharma name|Buddhist name]] '''Bukōshōgendaizenmon''' (武皇嘯厚大禅門). He died two days later at the age of 51.

==Appearance and personality==
According to ''[[The Tale of Heiji]],'' Yoritomo was "more adult-like than others of his age", and the figure of a young warrior Yoritomo appears in the picture scroll of ''The Tale of Heiji''. ''[[Genpei Jōsuiki]]'' describes Yoritomo saying "his face is large and appearance is beautiful." The imperial messenger Nakahara no Yasusada, who met Yoritomo in [[Kamakura]] in August 1183, said that "he is short and his face is large, his appearance is graceful and language is civilized."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ichiko|first=Teiji|title=Nihon Koten Bungaku Zenshū|publisher=Shōgakkan|year=1975|volume=30|location=Japan|at=Heike Monogatari 2|oclc=703759550}}</ref>

[[Fujiwara no Kanezane|Kujō no Kanezane]] writes in his diary ''Tamaha'' that "Yoritomo's body is of rigorous power, and his fierce nature is accompanied with a clear distinction and firm resolution of the judgement of right and wrong."<ref>{{Cite journal|title=熊野歴史研究|journal=Kumano Rekishi Kenkyū: Kumano Rekishi Kenkyūkai Kiyō|publisher=Kumano Rekishi Kenkyūkai, Iwata Shoin|year=2008|location=Japan|pages=14|trans-title=Kumano Historical Research|issn=1340-542X|issue=15}}</ref> Yoritomo practiced ''[[shudō]]'' with Yoshinao{{Who|date=February 2022}}, a member of the Imperial Guard.<ref>Homosexuality & Civilization by Louis Crompton. Published by the Belknap Press of Harvard University in 2003. Page 420.</ref>

Historian Hideo Kuroda organized and examined the portraits and statues of Minamoto no Yoritomo and has concluded as follows. When comparing the statues of Minamoto no Yoritomo in Higashihirozo and [[Hōjō Tokiyori]] in [[Kenchō-ji]], from the facial expression to size, they are almost identical, and there is evidence that the ''[[kariginu]]'' was remodeled into a ''[[sokutai]]'', the formal dress of the shogun, by adding a ''hirao'' and ''sekitai.'' Kuroda argues that the statue was originally a statue of Hōjō Tokiyori sculpted in Kamakura in the 14th century, but after the original statue of Yoritomo was lost, an altered statue of Tokiyori was used as a replacement. On the other hand, he considers the inscription on the statue of Minamoto no Yoritomo in [[Kai Province]], [[Zenkō-ji]] to be the name of the repairer instead of the name of the sculptor, and that it was made at the request of [[Hōjō Masako]] in the first quarter of the 13th century. Thus, Kuroda concludes that this statue is the only accurate depiction of Minamoto no Yoritomo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kuroda|first=Hideo|title=源頼朝の真像|publisher=Kadokawa|year=2011|isbn=978-4-04-703490-7|location=Japan|trans-title=The True Image of Minamoto no Yoritomo}}</ref>

==Legacy==
[[Image:Seated Portrait of Minamoto no Yoritomo (Presumed) 1.jpg|thumb|[[Seated Portrait of Minamoto no Yoritomo|Presumed portrait of Minamoto no Yoritomo]], [[Kamakura period]], [[Tokyo National Museum]].]]

In the words of [[George Bailey Sansom]], "Yoritomo was a truly great man&nbsp;… his foresight was remarkable, but so was his practical good sense in setting up machinery to match his own expanding power."<ref name="Sansom" />{{rp|334–335}}

Yoritomo's wife's family, the [[Hōjō clan|Hōjō]], took control after his death at [[Kamakura]], maintaining power over the shogunate until 1333, under the title of ''[[shikken]]'' (regent to the ''shōgun''). One of his brothers-in-law was [[Ashikaga Yoshikane]].<ref name="nussbaum56">Nussbaum, "Ashikaga Yoshikane" at {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|page=56}}</ref>

[[Image:Grave of Minamoto no Yoritomo.jpg|thumb|Grave of Yoritomo in [[Kamakura]]]]
The ''[[gorintō|stone pagoda]]'' traditionally believed to be [[Tomb of Minamoto no Yoritomo|his grave]] is still maintained today, adjacent to Shirahata Shrine, a short distance from the spot believed to be the site of the so-called [[Ōkura Bakufu]], his shogunate's administrative-governmental offices.

==Cultural references==
He appears as a hero unit in ''[[Age of Empires II|Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings]]'', and as a hero unit in ''[[Total War: Shogun 2]]''.

A character named "Yoritomo" appears in Book 6: "The Lords of the Rising Sun" in the [[Fabled Lands]] adventure gamebook series, where Yoritomo is the self-proclaimed ''shōgun'' and on the verge of war with "Lord Kiyomori".

He appears as the final boss in [[Genpei Toma Den]], an arcade game created by [[Namco]] in which the player character is [[Taira no Kagekiyo]], another Japanese historical figure.

He also appears as a prominent character in the 2021 anime series ''[[The Heike Story (anime)|The Heike Story]]''.

==Eras of Yoritomo's ''bakufu''==
The years in which Yoritomo was ''shōgun'' are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names|era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.
* ''[[Kenkyū]]'' (1190–1199)
* ''[[Shōji (era)|Shōji]]'' (1199–1201)

==See also==
{{commons category|Minamoto no Yoritomo}}
* [[Seiwa Genji]]
* [[Eiji Yoshikawa]], historical fiction writer
* [[Battle of Hojuji]]
* [[Ikezuki (horse)]]
* [[Letter from Koshigoe]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* [[Jeffrey Mass|Mass, Jeffrey P.]] (1999). ''Yoritomo and the Founding of the First Bakufu: the Origins of Dual Government in Japan''. Stanford: Stanford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0804735919}}, {{OCLC|41712279}}
* Nagahara Keiji 永原慶二. ''Minamoto no Yoritomo'' 源頼朝. Tokyo: Iwanami-shoten, 1995.
* Naramoto Tatsuya 奈良本辰也, et al. ''Minamoto no Yoritomo'' 源頼朝. Tokyo: Shisakusha, 1972.
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan Encyclopedia''.] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}, {{OCLC|58053128}}
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Ōdai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.]  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. {{OCLC|5850691}}
* Yamaji Aizan 山路愛山. ''Minamoto no Yoritomo: jidai daihyō Nihon eiyūden'' 源頼朝: 時代代表日本英雄伝. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1987.
* [[Yoshikawa Eiji|Yoshikawa, Eiji]]. (1989)  ''Yoshikawa Eiji Rekishi Jidai Bunko'' (''Eiji Yoshikawa's Historical Fiction''), Vols. 41–42: ''Minamoto Yoritomo'' (源頼朝). Tokyo: Kodansha. {{ISBN|978-4-06-196577-5}}

==External links==
* [http://www.kcn-net.org/e_kama_history/omachi/omachi_1.htm Ōmachi], by the Kamakura Citizen's Net, accessed on September 30, 2008
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130629174849/http://nagoyatabi.ncvb.or.jp/en/kankouroute/route08/index.html Atsuta History Course], (include "Seigan-ji Temple" Birthplace of Minamoto-no Yoritomo)

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Minamoto no, Yoritomo}}
[[Category:Minamoto clan]]
[[Category:1147 births]]
[[Category:1199 deaths]]
[[Category:12th-century Japanese people]]
[[Category:12th-century shōguns]]
[[Category:Kamakura shōguns]]
[[Category:Samurai]]
[[Category:People from Nagoya]]
[[Category:People of Heian-period Japan]]
[[Category:People of the Genpei War]]
[[Category:People of Kamakura-period Japan]]
[[Category:History of Kyoto]]
[[Category:Buddhist clergy of Kamakura-period Japan]]
[[Category:City founders]]
[[Category:Deified Japanese men]]
[[Category:Kabuki characters]]