Editing Mieczysław Karłowicz

{{Short description|Polish composer and conductor}}
{{for|the Polish cyclist|Mieczysław Karłowicz (cyclist)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mieczysław Karłowicz
| image = Mieczysław Karłowicz Łaski Diffusion.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date|1876|12|11|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Smarhon District|Vishnyeva]], Vilna Governorate, Russian Empire
| death_date = {{death date and age|1909|2|8|1876|12|11|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Tatra Mountains]], Austrian Poland
}}
'''Mieczysław Karłowicz''' ({{IPAc-pl|m|i|e|cz|y|s|ł|a|f|-|'|k|a|r|ł|o|w|i|cz}}, 11 December 1876{{spaced ndash}}8 February 1909) was a Polish [[composer]] and [[conducting|conductor]].

==Life==
Mieczysław Karłowicz was born in [[Smarhon District|Vishneva]], in the [[Vilna Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]] (now in [[Belarus]]) into a [[nobility|noble]] family belonging to [[Clan Ostoja]].<ref>[http://www.sejm-wielki.pl/b/psb.10957.1 Minakowski]</ref> His father Jan was a [[Polish people|Polish]] linguist, lexicographer, and musician.  As a child, Karłowicz studied violin, for which he later composed his only [[concerto]].

Karłowicz studied in [[Warsaw]] with [[Zygmunt Noskowski]], [[Stanisław Barcewicz]], [[Piotr Maszyński]], and [[Gustaw Roguski]]. He later studied in [[Berlin]] with [[Heinrich Urban]], to whom he dedicated his ''Serenade for Strings'', which he composed and performed while Urban's student.  From 1906 to 1907 he studied conducting with [[Arthur Nikisch]].

==Career==
[[File:Mieczysław Karłowicz.jpg|thumb|Karłowicz in 1910]]

Karłowicz's music is of a late [[Romantic music|Romantic]] character. He was a great admirer of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] whose [[Symphony No. 6 (Tchaikovsky)|Symphony No. 6]] he praised. Tchaikovsky's influence can be heard in Karłowicz's earlier works, most notably the E minor symphony and the Violin Concerto. Like most of the late Romantics he also fell under the considerable influence of [[Richard Wagner]], especially with ''[[Tristan und Isolde]]''. Nevertheless, he managed to develop an original musical language expressed in harmony and orchestration, the latter of which he mastered like few other composers and wrote some of the most colourful orchestral music ever found. {{According to whom|date=October 2020}}

Among his works are a [[Symphony in E minor (Karłowicz)|Symphony in E minor (''Rebirth'', Op. 7)]], a Violin Concerto in A major (Op. 8), incidental music to a play ''The White Dove'', and six [[tone poem]]s, which include ''The Returning Waves'', ''Eternal Songs'', ''[[Lithuanian Rhapsody]]'', ''Stanisław i Anna Oświecimowie'', ''[[Smutna opowieść]]'', and ''Epizod na maskaradzie''.  The Violin Concerto was written for and dedicated to his former teacher [[Stanisław Barcewicz]], who premiered the work under Karłowicz's baton in Berlin on 21 March 1903 with the [[Berlin Philharmonic]].<ref>[https://archive.today/20130416101356/http://www.culture.pl/web/english/resources-music-full-page/-/eo_event_asset_publisher/eAN5/content/mieczyslaw-karlowicz-violin-concerto-in-a-major Culture.pl]</ref>

He also wrote a number of songs for voice and piano, setting words by [[Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer]], [[Adam Asnyk]], and others. Much of the rest of his small output was lost during [[World War II]]. Karłowicz spent much of his later life in [[Zakopane]] in southern Poland, often enjoying one of his favorite hobbies, [[photography]], in the nearby mountain scenery. Karłowicz died at the age of 32 in an [[avalanche]] while [[skiing]] on an excursion in the [[Tatra Mountains]] in 1909.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Śmierć Mieczysława Karłowicza pod Kościelcem |url=http://portaltatrzanski.pl/wiedza/historia/smierc-mieczyslawa-karlowicza-pod-koscielcem,1900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110181432/https://portaltatrzanski.pl/wiedza/historia/smierc-mieczyslawa-karlowicza-pod-koscielcem,1900 |archive-date=2019-11-10 |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=portaltatrzanski.pl |language=pl}}</ref> He was buried at [[Warsaw]]'s [[Powązki Cemetery]].

The [[Szczecin Philharmonic]] bears the name of Mieczysław Karłowicz as a recognition of the composer's musical legacy.

==Recent bibliography==
[[File:Kamień Karłowicza a1.jpg|thumb|''Karłowicz's Stone'' in the [[Tatra Mountains|Tatras]], marking where his body was found.  The [[swastika]], inspired by [[Podhale]] folk art, has no connection with [[Nazism]].]]

*Luca Lévi Sala. Mieczysław Karłowicz, in Oxford Bibliographies Online, 2018 (http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199757824/obo-9780199757824-0232.xml
*Luca Lévi Sala, European Fin-de-siècle and Polish Modernism. The Music of Mieczysław Karłowicz, Bologne, Ut Orpheus Edizioni, 2010.
*[[Christophe Jeżewski]], ''Le Retour d'un génie.'' Pour le centenaire de Mieczysław Karłowicz, in "Europe", n°961, Paris, May 2009.
*Janusz Mechanisz: Mieczysław Karłowicz, Polihymnia, 2009, {{ISBN|978-83-7270-610-2}}
*Henryk Anders, Mieczysław Karłowicz. Życie i dokonania, Poznań, ABOS, 1998.
*Wightman, Alistair. ''Karłowicz, Young Poland and the Musical Fin-de-siècle'', Aldershot, Ashgate, 1996; Polish translation by Ewa Gabryś, Karłowicz. ''Młoda Polska i muzyczny fin de siècle'', Kraków, PWM, 1996 (Monografie Popularne).
*Leszek Polony, Poetyka muzyczna Mieczysława Karłowicza, Cracow, PWM, 1986.
*Paul-Gilbert Langevin, Musiciens d'Europe, "La Revue Musicale", Editions Richard Masse, Paris, 1986.
*Elżbieta Dziębowska, éd. Z życia i twórczości Mieczysława Karłowicza, Cracow, PWM, 1970.

== Works ==
'''Solo Voice'''

6 Songs, Op.1
* No. 1. Zamuconej (Saddened)
* No. 2. Skąd pierwsze gwiazdy (Whence the First Stars)
* No. 3. Na śniegu (In the Snow)
* No. 4. Zawód (Disillusion)
* No. 5. Pamiętam ciche, jasne, złote dnie (I Remember Quiet, Clear Golden Days)
* No. 6. Smutną jest dusza moja (My Soul is Sad)
Drugi spiewnik, Op. 3
* No. 1. Mów do mnie jeszcze (Speak to me Still)
* No. 2. Z erotyków (From Erotica) 
* No. 3. Idzie na pola (It Goes Over the Fields)
* No. 4. Na spokojnym, ciemnym morzu (On the Calm Dark Sea)
* No. 5. Śpi w blaskach nocy (Asleep in the Splendors of the Night)
* No. 6. Przed nocą wieczną (Before the Eternal Night)
* No. 7. Nie płacz nade mną (Weep not Over Me)
* No. 8. W wiecznorną ciszę (In the Calm of the Evening)
* No. 9. Po szerokim morzu (Over the Wide Sea)
* No. 10. Zaczarowana królewna (The Enchanted Princess)

Najpiękniejsze piosnki, Op. 4 (The Most Beautiful Songs)

Z nowa wiosna

O nie wierz temu, co powiedza ludzie

Czasem, gdy długo

Rdzawe liście

Pod jaworem słowa

Pod naszymi okny

''' Piano (solo) '''
* Preludium i fuga podwójna, Op. 5 (Prelude and Double Fugue)<ref>cite web: https://imslp.org/wiki/Praeludium_and_Double_Fugue,_Op.5_(Kar%C5%82owicz,_Mieczys%C5%82aw)</ref>

''' Orchestral '''
* Serenade for Strings, Op. 2
* Incidental music from Bianca da Molena, Op. 6 (The White Dove)
* Symfonia "Odrodzenie", Op. 7 (Symphony "Rebirth")
* Concerto for Violin, Op. 8
* Powracające fale, Op. 9 (Returning Waves)
* Odwieczne pieśni, Op. 10 (Eternal Songs)
* Rapsodia litewska, Op. 11 (Lithuanian Rhapsody)
* Stanisław i Anna Oświecimowie, Op. 12 (Stanislaw and Anna of Oświecim)
* Smutna opowieść, Op. 13 (A Sorrowful Tale)
* Epizod na maskaradzie, Op. 14 (Episode at a Masquerade) [posthumously completed by Grzegorz Fitelberg]

== Discography ==
* (rec. 1981 and 1983) Complete symphonic poems ([[Silesian Philharmonic]], [[Jerzy Salwarowski]]) – (LP, 1984) [[Wifon]] 063-65; (CD, 1989) [[Le Chant du Monde]] LDC 278 966-967; (CD, 1999, 2008) DUX [http://www.dux.pl/mieczyslaw-karlowicz-poematy-symfoniczne.html 132/133]
* (live rec. 1996) Complete symphonic poems ([[Warsaw Symphony Orchestra]],<ref>Warszawska Orkiestra Symfoniczna. It was composed of two opera orchestras of [[Warsaw Chamber Opera]] (cf. [http://culture.pl/pl/dzielo/orkiestra-symfoniczna-filharmonii-slaskiej-mieczyslaw-karlowicz-poematy-symfoniczne ''Orkiestra Symfoniczna Filharmonii Śląskiej, "Mieczysław Karłowicz. Poematy symfoniczne"'']).</ref> [[Jacek Kaspszyk]]) – (1997) Pro Musica Camerata PMC<!-- not a PMCID--> 013/14
* Complete symphonic poems (New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, [[Antoni Wit]]) - (CD) [[Naxos]] 8.570295 and 8.570452
* Complete symphonic poems ([[BBC Philharmonic]], [[Jan Pascal Tortelier]]) - (CD) [[Chandos Records]] CHAN 9986 and CHAN 10298
* Violin Concerto and Serenade, [[Ilya Kaler]], Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra, Antoni Wit - (CD) Naxos8.572274
* Violin Concerto, [[Nigel Kennedy]], Polish Chamber Orchestra, Jacek Kaspszyk - (cd) EMI Records
* Violin Concerto and Serenade for Strings (Kaja Danczowska, Polish Radio and TV Orchestra of Krakow, Antoni Wit) - (CD) [[Le Chant du Monde]] CDM LDC 278 1088
* Symphony "Rebirth", Serenade for Strings, and Prologue from Music for The White Dove - BBC Philharmonic, [[Gianandrea Noseda]] - (CD) Chandos Records CHAN 10171
* Symphony "Rebirth" - [[Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra]], Jerzy Salwarowski - (CD) DUX Records, DUX 0656
* Młodzieńcze utwory instrumentalne [Early instrumental compositions] (2CDs) Katowice: Państwowa Szkoła Muzyczna im. M. Karłowicza w Katowicach, 2006 (PSM CD001, PSM CD002)
* Violin Concerto in A major Op.8 - [[Tasmin Little]] (violin), [[BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra]] / [[Martyn Brabbins]] conductor ([[Hyperion Records|Hyperion]] CDA67389, recorded September 2003, released April 2004)<ref>
{{cite web
 |url=https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/dc.asp?dc=D_CDA67389
 |title=Moszkowski & Karlowicz: Violin Concertos
 |date=April 2004
 |website=www.hyperion-records.co.cuk
 |publisher=Hyperion Records UK
 |access-date=19 February 2019
}}</ref>
* Violin Concerto in A major Op.8 - Piotr Plawner (violin), Zielona Gora Philharmonic Orchestra / Czeslaw Grabovski conductor (CD) DUX Records, DUX0540, recorded December 2005, released 2006

==See also==
*[[List of Polish people#Music|List of Polish people]]
* [[Clan Ostoja]]
*[[Ostoja coat of arms]]
*[[Young Poland]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.editiontilli.fi/shop/cat/product_details.php?lang=en&p=981 Collected Songs published by Edition Tilli Ltd.]
*{{cite web|title=Polish culture profiles: Mieczysław Karłowicz|url=https://culture.pl/en/artist/mieczyslaw-karlowicz|accessdate=19 February 2019}}
*{{IMSLP|id=Karłowicz, Mieczysław}}
*[https://musicalwren.wordpress.com/2009/02/08/mieczyslaw-karlowicz-on-cd-another-checklist/ Complete CD discography of Karłowicz up to 2009]
*{{cite web|title= Karłowicz's Stone - the last itinerary of Mieczyslaw Karłowicz (music, photos, videos, maps)|url=http://karlowicz.free.fr/e|accessdate=2009-02-23}}
*{{allmusicguide|id=mieczyslaw-karlowicz-mn0002182442}}
* [https://polona.pl/search/?query=author:Mieczys%C5%82aw_Kar%C5%82owicz&filters=creator:%22Kar%C5%82owicz,_Mieczys%C5%82aw_(1876--1909)%22,creator:%22Kar%C5%82owicz,_Mieczys%C5%82aw_(1876--1909)_Kompozytor%22,creator:%22Kar%C5%82owicz,_Mieczys%C5%82aw_(1876--1909)._Kompozytor%22,public:1,hasTextContent:0&advanced=1 Works by Mieczysław Karłowicz in National Digital Library of Poland (Polona)]

{{Young Poland (music)}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karlowicz, Mieczyslaw}}
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1909 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Smarhon district]]
[[Category:People from Sventsyansky Uyezd]]
[[Category:Clan of Ostoja]]
[[Category:Polish nobility]]
[[Category:Polish male classical composers]]
[[Category:Polish Romantic composers]]
[[Category:Polish male conductors (music)]]
[[Category:19th-century Polish classical composers]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish classical composers]]
[[Category:19th-century conductors (music)]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish conductors (music)]]
[[Category:20th-century Polish male musicians]]
[[Category:University of Warsaw alumni]]
[[Category:Chopin University of Music alumni]]
[[Category:Skiing deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths in avalanches]]
[[Category:Natural disaster deaths in Poland]]
[[Category:Burials at Powązki Cemetery]]