Editing Mary Martin

{{Short description|American singer and actress (1913–1990)}}
{{about|the stage actress|the silent film actress|Mary Martin (silent film actress)|other people named Mary Martin|Mary Martin (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name          = Mary Martin
| image         = Mary Martin 1939.jpg
| caption       = Martin in 1939
| birth_name    = Mary Virginia Martin
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1913|12|1}}
| birth_place   = [[Weatherford, Texas]], U.S.
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1990|11|3|1913|12|1}}
| death_place   = [[Rancho Mirage, California]], U.S.
| resting_place = Greenwood Cemetery, Weatherford, Texas
| awards        = [[American Theater Hall of Fame]]<br>[[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]
| years_active  = 1938–1985
| occupation    = {{hlist|Actress|singer}}
| spouse        = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Benjamin Hagman|1930|1936|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Richard Halliday|1940|1973|end=died}}
}}
| children      = 2; including [[Larry Hagman]]
}}

'''Mary Virginia Martin''' (December 1, 1913 – November 3, 1990) was an American actress and singer. A [[muse]] of [[Rodgers and Hammerstein]], she originated many leading roles on stage over her career, including Nellie Forbush in ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' (1949), the [[Peter Pan|title character]] in ''[[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|Peter Pan]]'' (1954), and [[Maria von Trapp]] in ''[[The Sound of Music]]'' (1959). Over the course of her career, she won four [[Tony Awards]] and an [[Emmy Award]]. She was named a [[Kennedy Center Honors|Kennedy Center Honoree]] in 1989. She was the mother of actor [[Larry Hagman]].

== Early life ==
Martin was born in [[Weatherford, Texas]]. Her autobiography described her childhood as secure and happy.<ref>{{cite book |first=Mary |last=Martin |year=1976 |title=My Heart Belongs |type=autobiography|publisher=Morrow|isbn=9780688030094}}</ref> She had close relationships with both of her parents as well as her siblings. As a young actress Martin had an instinctive ear for recreating musical sounds.{{Citation needed |date=January 2024}} 

Martin's father, Preston Martin, was a lawyer, and her mother, Juanita Presley, was a violin teacher.<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/> Although the doctors told Juanita that she would risk her life if she attempted to have another baby, she was determined to have a boy. Instead, she had Mary, who became a [[tomboy]].{{Citation needed |date=January 2024}} 

Martin's family had a barn and orchard that kept her entertained. She played with her elder sister Geraldine (whom she called "Sister"), climbing trees and riding ponies. Martin adored her father. "He was tall, good-looking, silver-haired, with the kindest brown eyes. Mother was the disciplinarian, but it was Daddy who could turn me into an angel with just one look."<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=19}} Martin, who said "I'd never understand the law"<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=19}} began singing every Saturday night at a bandstand that was near the courtroom where her father worked. She sang in a trio with her sister and Marion Swofford, all three in [[bellhop]] costumes. "Even in those days, without microphones, my high piping voice carried all over the square. I have always thought that I inherited my carrying voice from my father."<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=19}}

She remembered having a [[photographic memory]] as a child.  School tests were not a problem,  and learning songs was easy.  She had her first experience of singing solo at a fire hall, where she felt the crowd's appreciation. "Sometimes I think that I cheated my own family and my closest friends by giving to audiences so much of the love I might have kept for them. But that's the way I was made; I truly don't think I could help it."<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=20}} Martin's craft was developed by seeing movies and becoming a mimic. She would win prizes for looking, acting and dancing like [[Ruby Keeler]] and singing exactly like [[Bing Crosby]]. "Never, never, never can I say I had a frustrating childhood. It was all joy. Mother used to say she never had seen such a happy child — that I awakened each morning with a smile. I don't remember that, but I do remember that I never wanted to go to bed, to go to sleep, for fear I'd miss something."<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=20}}

==Marriage==
During high school, Martin dated Benjamin Hagman before she left to attend [[finishing school]] at [[Ward–Belmont College|Ward–Belmont]] in [[Nashville, Tennessee]]. In Nashville she enjoyed imitating [[Fanny Brice]] at singing gigs, but she found school dull and felt confined by its strict rules. She was homesick for Weatherford, her family and Hagman. During a visit, Mary and Benjamin persuaded Mary's mother to allow them to marry.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|page=16}} She was legally married on November 3, 1930, at [[Grace Episcopal Church (Hopkinsville, Kentucky)]].<ref name="Encyclopedia.com-Mary_Martin">
*{{cite web |title=Martin, Mary |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/theater-biographies/mary-martin |website=[[Encyclopedia.com]] |access-date=February 10, 2022}}
*{{cite web |title=Martin, Mary (Virginia) |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/martin-mary-virginia |website=[[Encyclopedia.com]] |access-date=30 April 2023}}</ref> 10 months later, pregnant with her first child ([[Larry Hagman]]) she was forced to leave Ward–Belmont. She was, however, happy to begin her new life, but she soon learned that this life as she would later say was nothing but "role playing".<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=39}}

Their honeymoon was at her parents' house, and Martin's dream of life with a family and a white-picket fence faded. "I was 17, a married woman without real responsibilities, miserable about my mixed-up emotions, afraid there was something awfully wrong with me because I didn't enjoy being a wife. Worst of all, I didn't have enough to do." (p.&nbsp;39) It was "Sister" who came to her rescue, suggesting that she should teach dance. "Sister" taught Martin her first real dance—the waltz clog. Martin perfectly imitated her first dance move, and she opened a dance studio. Here, she created her own moves, imitated the famous dancers she watched in the movies and taught "Sister's" waltz clog. As she later recalled, "I was doing something I wanted to do—creating."<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|page=44}}

==Apprenticeship==
Wanting to learn more moves, Martin went to California to attend the dance school at the Franchon and Marco School of the Theatre and then opened her own dance studio in [[Mineral Wells, Texas|Mineral Wells]], Texas. She was given a ballroom studio with the premise that she would sing in the lobby every Saturday. There, she learned how to sing into a microphone and how to phrase blues songs. One day at work, she accidentally walked into the wrong room, where auditions were being held. They asked her in what key she would like to sing "How Red the Rose, How Blue the Sky". Having absolutely no idea what her key was, she sang regardless and got the job.{{Citation needed |date=January 2024}} 

Returning to California, Martin was hired to sing "How Red the Rose" at the [[Fox Theatre (San Francisco)|Fox Theater]] in [[San Francisco]] followed by a gig at the [[Paramount Theatre (Los Angeles)|Paramount Theater in Los Angeles]]. There was one catch: she had to sing in the wings. She scored her first professional gig unaware that she would soon be center stage.{{Citation needed |date=January 2024}} 

Soon after, Martin learned that her studio in Texas had been burned down by a man who thought dancing was a sin.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|page=24}} She began to express her unhappiness. Her father gave her advice, saying she was too young to be married. Martin left everything behind including her young son, Larry, and stayed in Los Angeles while her father handled her divorce from Benjamin Hagman for her.  In Los Angeles, Martin plunged herself into auditions—so many that she became known as "Audition Mary". Her first professional audition and job was on a national radio network.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|pages=26–29, 31}} Among Martin's first auditions, she sang "[[Indian Love Call]]". After she finished the song, "a tall, craggly man who looked like a mountain" told Martin that he thought she had something special. It was [[Oscar Hammerstein II]]<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman/>{{rp|pages=58–59}} This marked the start of her career.

==Radio==
Martin began her radio career in 1939 as the vocalist on a short-lived revival of ''The Tuesday Night Party'' on [[CBS]]. In 1940, she was a singer on [[NBC]]'s ''Good News of 1940'', which was renamed ''Maxwell House Coffee Time'' during that year.<ref name=Dunning-1998-OnAir/> In 1942, she joined the cast of [[Kraft Music Hall]] on NBC, replacing [[Connee Boswell]].<ref name=Bilbrd-1942-01-10/> She was also one of the stars of ''Stage Door Canteen'' on CBS, 1942–1945.<ref name=Dunning-1998-OnAir/>

==Broadway==
[[File:Mary Martin in The Sound of Music by Toni Frissell.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Martin in promotional photo for the original production of ''[[The Sound of Music]]'']]

Martin was cast in [[Cole Porter]]'s ''[[Leave It to Me!]]'', making her Broadway debut in November 1938 in that production. She became popular on Broadway and received attention in the national media singing the spoof striptease song "[[My Heart Belongs to Daddy]]". With that one song in the second act, she became a star 'overnight'.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|page=41}} Martin reprised the song in ''[[Night and Day (1946 film)|Night and Day]]'', a Hollywood film about Cole Porter, in which she played herself auditioning for Porter ([[Cary Grant]]). "My Heart Belongs to Daddy" catapulted her career and became very special to Martin—she even sang it to her ailing father in his hospital bed while he was in a coma. Martin did not learn immediately that her father had died. Headlines read "Daddy Girl Sings About Daddy as Daddy Dies". Because of the show's demanding schedule, Martin was unable to attend her father's funeral.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|page=44–45}} In 1943 she starred in the new [[Kurt Weill]] musical ''[[One Touch of Venus]]'' and then ''[[Lute Song]]'' in 1946.<ref name=Block-1997-EnchEv/>

As nurse Nellie Forbush, Martin opened on Broadway in ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' on April 7, 1949.  Her performance was called "memorable&nbsp;... funny and poignant in turns", and she earned a Tony Award.<ref name=PBS-brdwy-stars-M-Martin/>
[[Richard Watts Jr.]] of the ''[[New York Post]]'' wrote: "nothing I have ever seen her do prepared me for the loveliness, humor, gift for joyous characterization, and sheer lovableness of her portrayal of Nellie Forbush&nbsp;.... Hers is a completely irresistible performance."<ref name=Suskin-1990-OpngNit/> She opened in the [[West End theatre|West End]] production on November 1, 1951.

Her next major success was in the role of Peter in the Broadway production of ''[[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|Peter Pan]]'' in October 1954 with Martin winning the Tony Award. 

Martin opened on Broadway in ''The Sound of Music'' as Maria on November 16, 1959, and stayed in the show until October 1961. She won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical. The musical gave Martin "the chance to display her homespun charm".<ref name=PBS-brdwy-stars-M-Martin/>

In 1966, she appeared on Broadway in the two-person musical ''[[I Do! I Do!]]'' with [[Robert Preston (actor)|Robert Preston]] and was nominated for the Tony Award (Leading Actress in a Musical). A national tour with Preston began in March 1968 but was canceled early due to Martin's illness.

[[File:Mary Martin Peter Pan.JPG|left|thumb|upright| Martin portraying [[Peter Pan]] on stage, in 1954]]
Although she appeared in nine films between 1938 and 1943, she was generally passed over for the filmed version of the musical plays. She herself once explained that she did not enjoy making films because she did not have the connection with an audience that she had in live performances. The closest that she ever came to preserving her stage performances was her television appearances as ''Peter Pan''. The Broadway production from 1954 was subsequently performed on [[NBC]] television in [[RCA]]'s compatible color in 1955, 1956, and 1960. Martin also preserved her 1957 stage performance as Annie Oakley in ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]'' when NBC television broadcast the production live that year.

While Martin did not enjoy making films, she frequently appeared on television. Her last feature film appearance was a cameo as herself in MGM's ''[[Main Street to Broadway]]'' in 1953.<ref name=Crowther-2007-movies/> Martin made an appearance in 1980 in a Royal Variety Performance in London performing "Honey Bun" from ''South Pacific.'' Martin appeared in the play ''[[Legends (play)|Legends]]'' with [[Carol Channing]] in a one-year US national tour opening in Dallas on January 9, 1986.<ref name=Davis-2008-biog/>{{rp|pages=272–278}}

==Awards and honors==
[[File:Mary.Martin.Star.Hollywood.Walk.of.Fame.jpg|thumb|Star for Recording on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 1560 [[Vine Street]], [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]]: She also has one for Radio at 6609 [[Hollywood Boulevard|Hollywood Blvd.]] ]]
Martin was inducted into the [[American Theater Hall of Fame]] in 1973.<ref name=ToldoBlade-1974-01-17/> She received the [[Kennedy Center Honors]], an annual honor for career achievements, in 1989. She received the Donaldson Award in 1943 for ''[[One Touch of Venus]]''. A [[Special Tony Award]] was presented to her in 1948 while she appeared in the national touring company of ''Annie Get Your Gun'' for "spreading theatre to the rest of the country while the originals perform in New York."  In 1955 and 1956, she received, first, a Tony Award for ''Peter Pan'', and then an [[Emmy]] for appearing in the same role on television. She also received Tonys for ''South Pacific'' and in 1959 for ''The Sound of Music''.

In September 1963, a statue of Peter Pan dedicated to her was unveiled in Weatherford, donated by the [[Peter Pan (peanut butter)|Peter Pan Peanut Butter Company]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_variety_1963-09-18_232_4/mode/1up?view=theater|date=September 18, 1963|title=Mary Martin Milestones: Theatrical and Natal|page=1|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=February 18, 2024}}</ref>

==Personal life==
After Martin's 1936 divorce from Benjamin Hagman, she married Richard Halliday in 1940.<ref name=NYT-1973-03-04-Halliday-obit/> Early in their marriage, he worked as a drama critic for the ''[[New York World-Telegram]]'' and a movie critic for the ''[[New York Daily News]]''.  Eventually, Halliday became producer or co-producer of at least two of Martin's projects.  In the early 1970s, the couple lived, according to his March 1973 obituary in the ''Connecticut Sunday Herald'',<ref name=CT-Sun-Herald-1973-03-04/> "on a vast ranch they own near [[Anápolis]]" in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The ranch was called "Nossa Fazenda Halliday" (Our Halliday Farm). Martin was called Dona Maria by people in the vicinity of the Brazilian ranch.<ref name=CT-Sun-Herald-1973-03-04/>

Cultural scholar [[Lillian Faderman]] wrote that Martin and actress [[Janet Gaynor]] often traveled together along with Halliday and with Gaynor's husband.<ref name=Faderman-Timmons-2006-GayLA/>

Gaynor and her husband discovered Anápolis in 1950, soon after, Martin and her husband visited.<ref name="washingtonpost/1979/girls-brazil">{{cite news |last1=Tuck |first1=Lon |title=The Girls From Brazil |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1979/05/11/the-girls-from-brazil/b6a58406-906c-4217-9bb5-c57dfc5d15c8/ |access-date=30 April 2023 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=11 May 1979}}</ref> Martin and [[Janet Gaynor]] had adjoining ranches near [[Anápolis]], [[Goiás]], [[Brazil]].<ref name="nytimes/1971/martin-brazil">{{cite news |title=Mary Martin's Life Off Broadway In Brazil |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/04/archives/mary-martins-life-off-broadway-in-brazil.html |access-date=30 April 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=4 April 1971}}</ref>

On the evening of September 5, 1982, Martin, Janet Gaynor, Gaynor's husband Paul Gregory, and Martin's manager Ben Washer were involved in a serious car crash in [[San Francisco]].<ref name=Eugene-1982-09-07-RegGrd/><ref name=UPI-1982-09-07-LodiNwsStl/>
A van ran a red light at the corner of [[California Street (San Francisco)|California]] and Franklin streets and crashed into the Luxor taxicab in which the group was riding, knocking it into a tree. Washer was killed, Martin sustained two broken ribs and a broken pelvis, and Gaynor's husband suffered two broken legs. Gaynor sustained several serious injuries.<ref name=Eugene-1982-09-07-RegGrd/><ref name=UPI-1982-09-07-LodiNwsStl/> The driver of the van was arrested on two counts of felony drunk driving, reckless driving, speeding, running a red light, and [[vehicular homicide]]. On March 15, 1983, he was found guilty of drunk driving and vehicular homicide and was sentenced to three years in prison. Gaynor died two years later from complications from her injuries.<ref name=Time-1982-09-20-hsptzd/><ref name=Carter-1982-10-18-Time/>

Martin was a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] and supported [[Adlai Stevenson II|Adlai Stevenson]] during the [[1952 United States presidential election|1952 presidential election]].<ref>
''Motion Picture and Television Magazine'', November 1952, page 33, Ideal Publishers
</ref>

Martin's sexuality has long been a topic of debate.<ref name=DesireInEvidence>" Desire in evidence", by Stacy Wolf, in ''[[Text and Performance Quarterly]]''; vol. 17, no. 4 (1997); DOI: 10.1080/10462939709366198</ref><ref name=CUNY>[https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1140&context=clags_pubs Passing Performances: Conference Opens Closet of American Theatre]; by James Wilson; in ''CLAGSNews'' vol. 9, no. 1 (Winter 1999); "Why does it matter if Mary Martin, the sweetheart of the American musical theatre, was most likely bisexual?"</ref> In 1979, [[Patsy Kelly]] told [[Boze Hadleigh]] that Martin was a lesbian.<ref name=Hadleigh>[https://archive.org/details/hollywoodlesbian0000hadl/page/62/mode/2up ''Hollywood Lesbians''], by [[Boze Hadleigh]]; p. 62; published 1994 by [[Barricade Books]]; "PK: But it figures why certain actresses - the sisterhood? - want to be Peter Pan. Gals like Mary Martin and Jean Arthur. They want to be boys. BH: You mean because Martin and Arthur are lesbians. PK: In a nutshell."</ref> In 2016, biographer David Kaufman stated that Halliday served as "[Martin's] husband, her best friend, her gay/straight 'cover,'" <ref name=USAToday>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/books/2016/07/12/some-enchanted-evenings-the-glittering-life-and-times-of-mary-martin-book-review/86951634/ Remembering Mary Martin, the girl who could fly], by Elysa Gardner, in ''[[USA Today]]''; published July 12, 2016; retrieved May 18, 2023</ref> while in 2019, ''[[The Advocate (magazine)|The Advocate]]'' stated that Martin "simply [was the subject of] a lifetime of [[lavender marriage|lavender]] rumors."<ref name=Advocate>[https://www.advocate.com/slideshow/2019/1/16/18-photos-carol-channing-and-her-many-lgb-friends  18 Photos of Carol Channing and Her Many LGB Friends], by Christopher Harrity; at ''[[The Advocate (magazine)|The Advocate]]''; published January 16, 2019; retrieved May 18, 2023</ref>

===Death===
[[File:Peter Pan statue, Weatherford, TX IMG 6476.JPG|thumb|[[Peter Pan]] statue in Martin's hometown of [[Weatherford, Texas|Weatherford]] in [[Parker County, Texas|Parker County]], Texas]]

Martin died of cancer at age 76 at her home in Rancho Mirage, California, on November 3, 1990.<ref name=Gussow-1990-11-05-NYTimes/><ref name=Time-0-9171-949599-00/>
She is buried in City Greenwood Cemetery in Weatherford, Texas.<ref name=WMF98G-Mary-Martin-cemetary/>

==Work==

===Stage===
{{div col |colwidth=15em |content=
{{small|

* ''[[Leave It to Me!]]'' (1938)
* ''Nice Goin'!'' (1939)
* ''[[One Touch of Venus]]'' (1943–1945)
* ''[[Pacific 1860]]'' (1946)
* ''[[Lute Song (musical)|Lute Song]]'' (1946)
* ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]'' (1947)
* ''[[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' (1949–1951)
* ''Kind Sir'' (1953)
* ''[[Peter Pan (1954 musical)|Peter Pan]]'' (1954)
* ''[[The Skin of Our Teeth]]'' (1955)
* ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]'' (1957) 10 Weeks Los Angeles and San Francisco
* ''South Pacific'' (1957) 10 Weeks touring Los Angeles and San Francisco
* ''Music with Mary Martin'' (1958)
* ''[[The Sound of Music]]'' (1959)
* ''[[Jennie (musical)|Jennie]]'' (1963)
* ''[[Hello, Dolly! (musical)|Hello, Dolly!]]'' (1965–1966) US Tour, Asia and for 6 months in London
* ''[[I Do! I Do!]]'' (1966–1969) One year on Broadway, nearly one year on tour
* ''A Celebration of Richard Rodgers'' (1972)
* ''Together on Broadway: Mary Martin & Ethel Merman'' (1977)
* ''Do You Turn Somersaults?'' (1978)
* ''Our Heart Belongs To Mary'' (1983); 1 performance only at the Shubert Theater on Broadway
* ''[[Legends (play)|Legends]]'' (1985–1987)

}}
}}

===Film===
{{div col |colwidth=15em |content=
{{small|

* ''[[The Shopworn Angel]]'' (1938) (dubbed singing voice of [[Margaret Sullavan]])
* ''Battle of Broadway'' (1938) (dubbed singing voice of [[Gypsy Rose Lee]])
* ''[[The Great Victor Herbert]]'' (1939) - Louise Hall
* ''Fashion Horizons'' (1940, Short subject) - Herself
* ''[[Rhythm on the River]]'' (1940) - Cherry Lane
* ''[[Love Thy Neighbor (1940 film)|Love Thy Neighbor]]'' (1940) - Mary Allen
* ''[[Kiss the Boys Goodbye]]'' (1941) - Cindy Lou Bethany
* ''[[Birth of the Blues]]'' (1941) - Betty Lou Cobb
* ''[[New York Town]]'' (1941) - Alexandra Curtis
* ''[[Star Spangled Rhythm]]'' (1942) - Herself - 'Hit the Road to Dreamland' Number
* ''[[Happy Go Lucky (1943 film)|Happy Go Lucky]]'' (1943) - Marjory Stuart
* ''[[True to Life (film)|True to Life]]'' (1943) - Bonnie Porter
* ''[[Night and Day (1946 film)|Night and Day]]'' (1946) - Herself
* ''[[Main Street to Broadway]]'' (1953) - Herself

}}
}}

===Television===
{{div col |colwidth=20em |content=
{{small|

* ''America Applauds: An Evening for Richard Rodgers'' (1951)
* ''[[The Ford 50th Anniversary Show]]'' (1953) (song medley duet with [[Ethel Merman]], aired on NBC and CBS)
* ''[[General Foods 25th Anniversary Show: A Salute to Rodgers and Hammerstein]]'' (March 28, 1954) (aired on all networks)
* ''Noël Coward & Mary Martin – [[Together With Music]]'' (1955, CBS)
* ''[[Producers' Showcase]]'': ''[[Peter Pan (1954 musical)#Television productions|Peter Pan]]'' (twice, in 1955 and 1956)
* ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]'' (1957)
* ''Magic with Mary Martin'' (1959)
* ''[[Peter Pan (1954 musical)#Television productions|Peter Pan]]'' (1960)
* ''The Bing Crosby Show for Clairol'' (1962)
* ''Mary Martin: Hello, Dolly! Round the World'' (1966)
* ''Mary Martin at Eastertime'' (1966)
* ''Valentine'' (1979)
* ''Over Easy'' (host from 1981 to 1983)
* ''Rodgers and Hammerstein: The Sound of American Music'' (1985)<ref>[https://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=john&p=241&item=T:25081 " ''Rodgers & Hammerstein: The Sound of American Music (TV)'', March 16, 1985"] Paley Center, accessed July 30, 2019</ref>
}}
}}

==Radio appearances==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Program !! Episode/source
|-
| 1942 || ''[[Kraft Music Hall]]''|| resident singer<ref>{{cite book |last1=Giddins |first1=Gary |title=Bing Crosby Swinging on a Star The War Years 1940-1946 |date=2018 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=New York |isbn=978-0-316-88792-2 |page=56}}</ref>
|-
| 1943 || ''Stage Door Canteen'' || ''Curtain Up for Victory''<ref name=twtd1>{{cite magazine|title=Those Were the Days|magazine=Nostalgia Digest|date=Summer 2012|volume=38|issue=3|pages=32–39}}</ref> 
|-
| 1943|| ''[[Philip Morris Playhouse]]'' || ''[[Roberta (musical)|Roberta]]''<ref>{{cite news| title=Air Ya Listenin?| url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2856125/the_mason_city_globegazette/| work=[[Globe Gazette|The Mason City Globe-Gazette]]| date=May 14, 1943| page=2| via=[[Newspapers.com]]| access-date=July 21, 2015}} {{Open access}}</ref>
|}

==Recording==
'''Albums'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Second Hand Songs |url=https://secondhandsongs.com/artist/2760/releases#nav-entity |website=https:/secondhandsongs.com |access-date=January 12, 2025}}</ref><br>
{{div col |colwidth=15em |content=
{{small|
Mary Martin in an Album of Cole Porter Songs (1940)<br>
One Touch of Venus (1944)<br>
Lute Song (1946)<br>
Mary Martin Sings for You (1949)<br>
South Pacific (1949)<br>
Anything Goes (1950)<br>
The Bandwagon (1950)<br>
Babes in Arms (1951)<br>
Girl Crazy (1952)<br>
Peter Pan (1954)<br>
Annie Get Your Gun (1957)<br>
Walt Disney’s Story of Sleeping Beauty (1958)<br>
Mary Martin Sings – Richard Rodgers Plays (1958)<br>
Hi-Ho (1958)<br>
Mary Martin Sings a Musical Love Story (1959)<br>
The Sound of Music (1959)<br>
Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Cinderella (1959)<br>
The Little Lame Lamb, A Christmas Story of St. Francis (1960)<br>
Guideposts for Living (1962)<br>
Jennie – The Original Broadway Cast (1963)<br>
Hello, Dolly! (1965)<br>
I Do! I Do! (1966)<br>
Mary Martin Tells the Story and Sings the Songs of Rodgers and Hammerstein’s The Sound of Music (1966)
}}
}}

'''Hit singles''' <ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitburn |first1=Joel |title=Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890-1954 |date=1986 |publisher=Record Research Inc. |location=Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin |isbn=0-89820-083-0 |page=298}}</ref><br>
{{small|
[[My Heart Belongs to Daddy]] (1939, #2)<br>
The Waiter and the Porter and the Upstairs Maid (with [[Bing Crosby]] and [[Jack Teagarden]], 1941, #23)<br>
Pound Your Table Polka (1942, #22)<br>
[[I'll Walk Alone]] (1944, #6)<br>
[[Almost Like Being in Love]] (1947, #21)<br>
Go to Sleep, Go to Sleep, Go to Sleep (with [[Arthur Godfrey]], 1950. #8)
}}

==References==
{{Reflist|25em|refs=

<ref name=Bilbrd-1942-01-10>
{{cite magazine
 |title=Program Reviews: 'Kraft Music Hall'
 |date=January 10, 1942 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]
 |volume=54 |number=2 |page=8
 |url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1942/Billboard%201942-01-10.o.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/40s/1942/Billboard%201942-01-10.o.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live
 |access-date=July 15, 2017
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Block-1997-EnchEv>
{{cite book
 |last=Block  |first=Geoffrey
 |title=Enchanted Evening
 |url=https://archive.org/details/enchantedevening00bloc
 |url-access=registration
 |publisher=Oxford University Press
 |year=1997
 |page=[https://archive.org/details/enchantedevening00bloc/page/180 180]
 |isbn=978-0195167306
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Carter-1982-10-18-Time>
{{cite magazine
 |first=E. Graydon  |last=Carter
 |date=October 18, 1982
|title=People: Milestones
 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]
 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949599,00.html
 |url-status=dead |access-date=June 25, 2008
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408182119/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949599,00.html
 |archive-date=April 8, 2008
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Crowther-2007-movies>
{{cite news
 | first=Bosley | last=Crowther   | author-link=Bosley Crowther
 | year=2007
 | title=Movies: About Main Street to Broadway
 | department=Movies & TV Dept.
 | newspaper=[[The New York Times]]
 | url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/30893/Main-Street-to-Broadway/overview
 | access-date=May 12, 2010 | url-status=dead
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118184252/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/30893/Main-Street-to-Broadway/overview
 | archive-date=November 18, 2007
}}
</ref>

<ref name=CT-Sun-Herald-1973-03-04>
{{cite news
 |newspaper=Connecticut Sunday Herald
 |date=March 4, 1973
|title=Richard Halliday dead at 67
 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2204&dat=19730304&id=K2kmAAAAIBAJ&pg=5150,102332&hl=en
 |access-date=April 22, 2016
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Davis-2008-biog>
* {{cite book
 |title=Mary Martin, Broadway Legend
 |last=Davis |first=Ronald L.
 |year=2008
 |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]]
 |isbn=978-0-8061-3905-0
 |url=https://archive.org/details/marymartinbroadw00davi
 |url-access=registration
}}
{{cite book
 |title=Free preview at Amazon.com 
 |year=2008
|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press
|isbn=9780806139050
|url=https://archive.org/details/marymartinbroadw00davi
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Dunning-1998-OnAir>
{{cite book
 |last=Dunning |first=John
 |year=1998 
 |title=On the Air: The encyclopedia of old-time radio
 |publisher=Oxford University Press
 |isbn=978-0-19-507678-3
 |pages=287, 633, 684
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Eugene-1982-09-07-RegGrd>
{{cite news
 |agency=Associated Press
 |date=September 7, 1982
|title=Janet Gaynor, Mary Martin recovering after auto accident
 |newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard
 |place=Eugene, Oregon
 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r0kVAAAAIBAJ&pg=6825%2C1396638
 |page=6A
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Faderman-Timmons-2006-GayLA>
{{cite book
 | first1=Lillian  |last1=Faderman
 | first2=Stuart   |last2=Timmons
 | year=2006
 | title=Gay L.A.: A history of sexual outlaws, power politics, and lipstick lesbians
 | publisher=Basic Books
 | location=New York, NY
 | isbn=978-0465022885
 | page=[https://archive.org/details/gaylahistoryofse00lill/page/55 55]| url=https://archive.org/details/gaylahistoryofse00lill
 | url-access=registration
 | quote=mary martin gaynor lesbian
 | access-date=March 20, 2015
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Gussow-1990-11-05-NYTimes>
{{cite news
 |first=Mel |last=Gussow
 |date=November 5, 1990
|title=Mary Martin, 76, First Lady of Musicals, Dies
 |newspaper=The New York Times
 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE5DE1238F936A35752C1A966958260
}}
</ref>

<ref name=NYT-1973-03-04-Halliday-obit>
{{cite news
 |title=Richard Halliday, producer, 67; was husband of Mary Martin
 |date=March 4, 1973
|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]
 |type=obituary
 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/03/04/archives/richard-halliday-producer-67-was-husband-of-mary-martin-better.html
}}
</ref>

<ref name=PBS-brdwy-stars-M-Martin>
{{cite web
 |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/broadway/stars/martin_m.html
 |series=Broadway Stars
 |title=Mary Martin
 |website=PBS.org
 |access-date=July 16, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Pylant-2012-12-11-Hagman>
{{cite magazine
 |first=James |last=Pylant
 |date=December 11, 2012
|title=Larry Hagman's southern roots
 |url=http://www.genealogymagazine.com/larryhagman.html
 |magazine=GenealogyMagazine.com
 |access-date=November 24, 2012 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303082919/http://www.genealogymagazine.com/larryhagman.html
 |archive-date=March 3, 2017
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Suskin-1990-OpngNit>
{{cite book 
 |last=Suskin |first=Steven
 |year=1990
 |title=Opening Night on Broadway: A critical quotebook of the golden rra of the musical theatre
 |pages=639–643
 |publisher=Schirmer Books
 |place=New York, NY
 |isbn=0-02-872625-1
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Time-1982-09-20-hsptzd>
{{cite magazine
 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]
 |date=September 20, 1982
|title=Hospitalized
 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,950804,00.html
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224220309/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,950804,00.html
 |url-status=dead   |access-date=June 25, 2008
 |archive-date=February 24, 2009
}}
</ref>

<ref name=Time-0-9171-949599-00>
{{cite news
 |title=Milestones
 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]
 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949599,00.html
 |url-status=dead  |access-date=June 25, 2008
 |archive-date=April 8, 2008
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408182119/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949599,00.html
 |date=November 5, 1990
}}
</ref>

<ref name=ToldoBlade-1974-01-17>
{{cite web
 | title=15 Inducted into theater Hall of Fame
 | work=[[The Blade (Toledo)|The Blade]]
 | location=Toledo, OH
 | date=January 17, 1974
| url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19740117&id=X9JOAAAAIBAJ&pg=3040,5638394
}}
</ref>

<ref name=UPI-1982-09-07-LodiNwsStl>
{{cite news
 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GjgzAAAAIBAJ&pg=7159%2C650309
 |work=Lodi News-Sentinel
 |location=(California)
 |agency=UPI
 |title=Mary Martin, Janet Gaynor in stable condition after car crash
 |date=September 7, 1982
|page=5
}}
</ref>

<ref name=WMF98G-Mary-Martin-cemetary>
{{cite web
 |title=Mary Martin, City of Greenwood Cemetery, Weatherford TX
 |type=gravesite location
 |website=Waymarking.com
 |id=WMF98G
 |url=http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMF98G}}
</ref>

}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book
 | last=Kaufman | first=David
 | title=Some Enchanted Evenings: The Glittering Life and Times of Mary Martin
 | location=New York
 | publisher=St. Martin's Press
 | year=2016| isbn=978-1-250-03175-4
}}

* [[James Kirkwood, Jr.|Kirkwood, James, Jr.]] (1989). ''Diary of a Mad Playwright: Perilous Adventures on the Road with Mary Martin and Carol Channing'', about production of the play "Legends" (Dutton)
* {{cite book
 | last=Martin | first=Mary
 | title=Mary Martin's Needlepoint
 | publisher=Galahad Books
 | year=1969
 | isbn=978-0883650929
 | url-access=registration
 | url=https://archive.org/details/marymartinsneedl0000mart
}}

* {{cite book
 | last=Martin | first=Mary
 | year=1976
 | title=My Heart Belongs
 | location=New York
 | publisher=Morrow
 | isbn=0-688-03009-2
 | url=https://archive.org/details/myheartbelongs00mart
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}
* {{IBDB name|51662}}
* {{IMDb name|552756}}
* {{Playbill person|mary-martin-vault-0000065621}}
* [http://texashistory.unt.edu/search/?q=%22Martin%2C%20Mary%22&t=str_subject Photos of Mary Martin], hosted by the [http://texashistory.unt.edu/ Portal to Texas History]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/features/desert-island-discs/castaway/2e521269#p009mzt6 Desert Islands Discs appearance 26 March 1977]

{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Mary Martin
| list = 
{{EmmyAward MiniseriesLeadActress 1950-1975}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s}}
{{DramaCriticsBestActressMusical}}
{{Special Tony Award}}
{{TonyAward MusicalLeadActress 1948–1975}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Martin, Mary}}
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1990 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century American women singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:Actresses from Texas]]
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[[Category:American musical theatre actresses]]
[[Category:American television actresses]]
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[[Category:Deaths from cancer in California]]
[[Category:Donaldson Award winners]]
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[[Category:Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie Primetime Emmy Award winners]]
[[Category:People from Fire Island, New York]]
[[Category:People from Weatherford, Texas]]
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[[Category:RCA Victor artists]]
[[Category:Singers from Texas]]
[[Category:Singers from California]]
[[Category:Singers from New York (state)]]
[[Category:Special Tony Award recipients]]
[[Category:Texas Democrats]]
[[Category:Tony Award winners]]
[[Category:Ward–Belmont College alumni]]
[[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]]