Editing Martin County, Indiana

{{short description|County in Indiana, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county        = Martin County
 | state               = Indiana
 | seal                 = 
 | founded    = January 20, 1820
 | seat wl              = Shoals
 | largest city wl   = Loogootee
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 340.41
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 335.74
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 4.67
 | area percentage      = 1.37
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 9812
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2023
 | population_est       = 9897 {{gain}}
 | density_sq_mi        = auto
 | time zone           = Eastern
 | footnotes            = Indiana county number 51
 | web                  = https://martincountyindiana.com/
 | named for = Major John T. Martin
 | ex image             = Martin County Indiana Courthouse.jpg
 | ex image size        = 200px
 | ex image cap         = Martin County Courthouse
 | district             = 8th }}

'''Martin County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Indiana]]. As of the [[2020 United States census]], the population was 9,812.<ref>[https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html 2020 census]</ref> The [[county seat]] is [[Shoals, Indiana|Shoals]] at the center of the county,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> and the county's only incorporated city is [[Loogootee, Indiana|Loogootee]], on the county's western border.<ref name=MCI/>

==History==
The Indiana Territory achieved statehood near the end of 1816. Shortly thereafter, the new State legislature created [[Dubois County, Indiana|Dubois]] (December 1817) and [[Daviess County, Indiana|Daviess]] (February 1818) counties. Due to the inflow of settlers into southwest Indiana, and the difficulty of accessing the county seats of those counties, Martin County was partitioned off from parts of those counties, being authorized on January 20, 1820. It was named for Maj. John T. Martin of [[Newport, Kentucky]].<ref>{{cite book|author=De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle|publisher=R. S. Peale & Co.|year=1875|location=Indiana|title=An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana|url=https://archive.org/details/anillustratedhi02tuttgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/anillustratedhi02tuttgoog/page/n569 567]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Gannett|first=Henry|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|year=1905|publisher=Government Printing Office|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n200 201]}}</ref>

==Geography==
The hills of Martin County are largely wooded and cut with drainages;<ref name=MCI>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Martin+County,+IN/@38.6779205,-86.8963309,21696m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x886c2dd244fa5795:0x1257edb613a70ea0!8m2!3d38.6937856!4d-86.8220341 ''Martin County IN'' (Google Maps, accessed 2 August 2020)]</ref> the available area is devoted to agriculture, development, or is under control of the US Government - about a third of the county belongs to the [[Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division]], and about a quarter of the county belongs to [[Hoosier National Forest]]. The highest point ({{convert|870|ft|m|abbr=off|disp=x|/|sp=us}} ASL) is in [[Mitcheltree Township, Martin County, Indiana|Mitcheltree Township]], within NSA Crane.<ref>[https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=22989 ''Martin County High Point, Indiana'' (PeakBagger.com, accessed 2 August 2020)]</ref>

The East Fork of the White River flows southwestward through the lower part of the county. The central part of the county is drained by Indian Creek, which discharges into White River near the center of the county. The upper part of the county is drained by Boggs Creek, which discharges into White River near the county's western edge.<ref name=MCI/>

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of {{convert|340.41|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|335.74|sqmi}} (or 98.63%) is land and {{convert|4.67|sqmi}} (or 1.37%) is water.<ref name=DC/>

===Adjacent counties===
{{div col|colwidth=40em}}
* [[Greene County, Indiana|Greene County]] - north
* [[Lawrence County, Indiana|Lawrence County]] - east
* [[Orange County, Indiana|Orange County]] - southeast
* [[Dubois County, Indiana|Dubois County]] - south
* [[Daviess County, Indiana|Daviess County]] - west
{{div col end}}

===Protected areas===
* [[Hoosier National Forest]] (part)<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5325279.pdf Map of Hoosier National Forest, showing its NW portion extending into the northeast and southeast parts of Martin County (US Forest Service, accessed 2 August 2020)]</ref> in northeast and southeast parts of Martin County. Administered by [[United States Forest Service|US Forest Service]]
* [[Martin State Forest]] - in eastern part of Martin County. Administered by [[Indiana Department of Natural Resources]]

===Lakes===
* Greenwood Lake
* Seed Tick Lake
* West Boggs Lake (part)<ref name=MCI/>

==Highways==
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Image:US 50.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 50 in Indiana|U.S. Route 50]]
* [[Image:US 150.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 150 in Indiana|U.S. Route 150]]
* [[Image:US 231.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 231 in Indiana|U.S. Route 231]]
* [[Image:indiana 450.svg|20px]] [[State Road 450 (Indiana)|State Road 450]]
* [[Image:indiana 550.svg|20px]] [[State Road 550 (Indiana)|State Road 550]]
* [[Image:indiana 650.svg|20px]] [[State Road 650 (Indiana)|State Road 650]]
{{div col end}}

===City and towns===
* [[Crane, Indiana|Crane]]
* [[Loogootee, Indiana|Loogootee]] (city)
* [[Shoals, Indiana|Shoals]]

===Unincorporated communities===
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Bramble, Indiana|Bramble]]
* [[Burns City, Indiana|Burns City]] (census-designated place)
* [[Cale, Indiana|Cale]]
* [[Dover Hill, Indiana|Dover Hill]] (census-designated place)
* [[Hindostan Falls, Indiana|Hindostan Falls]]
* [[Indian Springs, Indiana|Indian Springs]]
* [[Ironton, Indiana|Ironton]]
* [[Lacy, Indiana|Lacy]]
* [[Mount Olive, Indiana|Mount Olive]]
* [[Mount Pleasant, Martin County, Indiana|Mount Pleasant]]
* [[Natchez, Indiana|Natchez]]
* [[Padanaram, Indiana|Padanaram]]
* [[Pleasant Valley, Martin County, Indiana|Pleasant Valley]]
* [[Rusk, Indiana|Rusk]]
* [[Scenic Hill, Indiana|Scenic Hill]]
* [[Shoals Overlook, Indiana|Shoals Overlook]]
* [[South Martin, Indiana|South Martin]]
* [[Trinity Springs, Indiana|Trinity Springs]]
* [[Whitfield, Indiana|Whitfield]]
* [[Willow Valley, Indiana|Willow Valley]]
* [[Windom, Indiana|Windom]]
* [[Yenne, Indiana|Yenne]]
{{div col end}}

===Townships===
{{div col}}
* [[Center Township, Martin County, Indiana|Center]]
* [[Halbert Township, Martin County, Indiana|Halbert]]
* [[Lost River Township, Martin County, Indiana|Lost River]]
* [[Mitcheltree Township, Martin County, Indiana|Mitcheltree]]
* [[Perry Township, Martin County, Indiana|Perry]]
* [[Rutherford Township, Martin County, Indiana|Rutherford]]
{{div col end}}

==Climate and weather==
{{climate chart
|[[Shoals, Indiana]]
|19|37|3.16
|22|43|2.92
|31|54|4.27
|40|65|4.49
|50|75|5.60
|59|83|4.24
|64|86|4.74
|62|85|3.78
|54|79|3.36
|42|68|3.13
|34|54|4.47
|24|42|3.53
|float=right
|units=imperial
|clear=both
|source=The Weather Channel<ref name=WX>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIN0616|title=Monthly Averages for Shoals IN|access-date=January 27, 2011|publisher=The Weather Channel}}</ref>}}
In recent years, average temperatures in Shoals have ranged from a low of {{convert|19|°F}} in January to a high of {{convert|86|°F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-23|°F}} was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of {{convert|104|°F}} was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|2.92|in}} in February to {{convert|5.60|in}} in May.<ref name=WX/>

==Government==
{{see also|Government of Indiana}}
The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the [[Constitution of Indiana]], and by the [[Indiana Code]].

'''County Council:''' The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.<ref name=inc3623>{{cite web|author=Indiana Code|author-link=Indiana Code|url=http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title36/ar2/ch3.html |title=Title 36, Article 2, Section 3|access-date=September 16, 2008|publisher=IN.gov}}</ref><ref name=inc2102>{{cite web|author=Indiana Code|url=http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title3/ar10/ch2.pdf|title=Title 2, Article 10, Section 2|access-date=September 16, 2008|publisher=IN.gov}}</ref>

'''Board of Commissioners:''' The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute the acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.<ref name=inc3623/><ref name=inc2102/>

'''Court:''' The county maintains a [[small claims court]] that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level [[circuit court]].<ref name=inc2102/>

'''County Officials:''' The county has other elected offices, including [[sheriff]], [[coroner]], [[auditor]], [[treasurer]], [[Recorder of deeds|recorder]], [[Surveying|surveyor]], and circuit [[court clerk]]. Officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare [[political party|party]] affiliations and to be residents of the county.<ref name=inc2102/>

Martin County is part of [[Indiana's 8th congressional district]]; [[Indiana Senate]] district 39;<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=map+of+indiana+legislative+districts&sxsrf=ALeKk01mnx7FGoIO8Fvc48pqG-dUmZTysQ:1596354720714&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=Y641A-ywrPAX7M%252CLwq3Sn2Y8wEX2M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQy6ll5mv3ePPXr1H9vmh6BPmZR9A&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjO6cDghPzqAhVbbs0KHciaCM0Q9QEwAnoECAoQCA&biw=1507&bih=728#imgrc=Y641A-ywrPAX7M ''Indiana Senate Districts'' (accessed 2 August 2020)]</ref> and [[Indiana House of Representatives]] districts 62 and 63.<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=map+of+indiana+legislative+districts&sxsrf=ALeKk01mnx7FGoIO8Fvc48pqG-dUmZTysQ:1596354720714&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=Y641A-ywrPAX7M%252CLwq3Sn2Y8wEX2M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQy6ll5mv3ePPXr1H9vmh6BPmZR9A&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjO6cDghPzqAhVbbs0KHciaCM0Q9QEwAnoECAoQCA&biw=1507&bih=728#imgrc=BXnBOTKcBHHzrM ''Indiana House Districts'' (accessed 2 August 2020)]</ref>

===Political Culture===

{{PresHead|place=Martin County, Indiana|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Atlas of US Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=May 18, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|3,961|933|98|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|4,029|1,011|115|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|3,697|881|268|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|3,262|1,351|130|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|3,122|1,706|75|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|3,414|1,522|60|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|3,008|1,518|83|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|2,281|1,848|591|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|2,523|2,018|897|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|3,066|2,132|21|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|3,363|1,937|32|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|3,082|2,479|218|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|2,702|2,827|36|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|3,470|2,021|18|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|2,512|2,315|608|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|2,000|3,137|9|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|2,756|2,585|5|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|2,946|2,343|7|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|2,757|2,546|29|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|2,230|2,788|55|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|2,467|2,515|15|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|2,902|2,638|11|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|2,583|2,923|40|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|2,106|3,072|47|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|2,450|2,245|27|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1924|Democratic|2,470|2,669|142|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|2,747|2,443|65|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|1,534|1,549|52|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|975|1,440|605|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1908|Democratic|1,667|1,733|48|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|1,809|1,574|82|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|1,712|1,660|59|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1896|Democratic|1,384|1,719|16|Indiana}}
{{PresRow|1892|Democratic|1,283|1,391|239|Indiana}}
{{PresFoot|1888|Democratic|1,391|1,558|11|Indiana}}

==Education==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size: 95%"
|-
! School
! Type
! Enrollment
! Mascot
! Colors
! [[Indiana High School Athletic Association|IHSAA]] Class
! Athletic Conference
|-
| [[Loogootee High School]]
| [[State school|Public]]
| 325
| Lions
| {{color box|black}} {{color box|gold}} {{color box|white}}
| A
| [[Blue Chip Conference]]
|-
|-
| [[Shoals High School]]
| [[State school|Public]]
| 223
| JugRox
| {{color box|blue}} {{color box|white}}
| A
| [[Blue Chip Conference]]
|-
|}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1820= 1032
|1830= 2010
|1840= 3875
|1850= 5941
|1860= 8975
|1870= 11103
|1880= 13475
|1890= 13973
|1900= 14711
|1910= 12950
|1920= 11865
|1930= 10103
|1940= 10300
|1950= 10678
|1960= 10608
|1970= 10969
|1980= 11001
|1990= 10369
|2000= 10369
|2010= 10334
|2020= 10327
|estyear=2023
|estimate=9897
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 2, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=US Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=US Decennial Census|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref><br/>1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/in190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref><br/>1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref> 2010-2013<ref name=QF>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/18/18101.html|title=Martin County QuickFacts|access-date=September 25, 2011|publisher=US Census Bureau|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607083755/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/18/18101.html|archive-date=June 7, 2011}}</ref>
}}

===2010 Census===
As of the [[2010 United States Census]], there were 10,334 people, 4,216 households, and 2,832 families in the county.<ref name=DP>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US18101|title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213014045/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US18101|archive-date=February 13, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> The population density was {{convert|30.8|PD/sqmi}}. There were 4,786 housing units at an average density of {{convert|14.3|/sqmi}}.<ref name=DC>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US18101|access-date=July 10, 2015|title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212200828/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US18101|archive-date=February 12, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 98.4% white, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% black or African American, 0.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.7% of the population.<ref name=DP/> In terms of ancestry, 27.8% were [[Germans|German]], 19.2% were [[Irish people|Irish]], 14.9% were [[English people|English]], and 12.7% were [[Americans|American]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0400000US18%7c0500000US18101|title=Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214003714/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0400000US18%7C0500000US18101|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Of the 4,216 households, 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.8% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.8% were non-families, and 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.98. The median age was 41.8 years.<ref name=DP/>

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $55,017. Males had a median income of $41,411 versus $30,503 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,750. About 8.6% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 21.2% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0400000US18%7c0500000US18101|title=Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214003308/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0400000US18%7C0500000US18101|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Martin County, Indiana]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Martin County, Indiana
|North     = [[Greene County, Indiana|Greene County]]
|East      = [[Lawrence County, Indiana|Lawrence County]]
|Southeast = [[Orange County, Indiana|Orange County]]
|South     = [[Dubois County, Indiana|Dubois County]]
|West      = [[Daviess County, Indiana|Daviess County]]
}}
{{Southwestern Indiana}}
{{Martin County, Indiana}}
{{Indiana}}

{{Coord|38.71|-86.80|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-IN_source:UScensus1990}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Martin County, Indiana| ]]
[[Category:Indiana counties]]
[[Category:1820 establishments in Indiana]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1820]]
[[Category:Southwestern Indiana]]