Editing Mars 2MV-3 No.1

{{Short description|Soviet Mars spacecraft}}
{{hatnote|"Sputnik 24" redirects here. For the spacecraft identified as Sputnik 24 before the USNSC revised its naming of Soviet spacecraft, see [[Venera 2MV-1 No.2]]}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = 2MV-3 No.1
| image                 = 
| image_caption         = 

| mission_type          = Mars lander
| operator              = 
| Harvard_designation   = 1962 Beta Xi 1
| SATCAT                = 
| mission_duration      =

| spacecraft_type       = [[2MV-3]]
| manufacturer          = [[OKB-1]]
| dry_mass              = 
| launch_mass           = {{convert|890|kg}}
| power                 =

| launch_date           = {{start-date|4 November 1962, 15:35:15|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| launch_rocket         = [[Molniya (rocket)|Molniya]] 8K78 {{nowrap|[[serial number|s/n]] T103-17}}
| launch_site           = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Gagarin's Start|1/5]]
| launch_contractor     = 
| decay_date            = {{end-date|25 November 1962}}

| orbit_epoch           = 
| orbit_reference       = [[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] (achieved)<br/>[[Heliocentric orbit|Heliocentric]] (intended)
| orbit_periapsis       = 
| orbit_apoapsis        = 
| orbit_inclination     = 
| orbit_period          = 
| apsis                 = gee

| programme             = '''[[Mars program]]'''
| previous_mission      = [[Mars 1]]
| next_mission          = ''[[Mars 2M No.521|Mars 1969A]]''
}}

'''Mars 2MV-3 No.1'''<ref name="LL"/><ref name="GSP"/> also known as '''Sputnik 24''' in the West, was a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the [[Mars program]], and was intended to land on the surface of [[Mars]].<ref name="RSW">{{cite web|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spacecraft_planetary_mars.html |title=Russia's unmanned missions to Mars |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |publisher=RussianSpaceWeb |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100720011556/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spacecraft_planetary_mars.html |archive-date=20 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/mars2mv3.htm|title=Mars 2MV-3|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=29 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130021213/http://astronautix.com/craft/mars2mv3.htm|archive-date=30 November 2010}}</ref> Due to a problem with the rocket which launched it, it did not depart [[low Earth orbit]],<ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/project/mars.htm|title=Mars|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=29 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208124224/http://www.astronautix.com/project/mars.htm|archive-date=8 December 2010}}</ref> and it decayed several days later. It was the only [[Mars 2MV-3]] spacecraft to be launched.<ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/mars-2mv-3.htm|title=Mars (2a) (2MV-3 #1)|first=Gunter|last=Krebs|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=29 July 2010}}</ref>

== Launch ==
The spacecraft was launched at 15:35:15 UTC on 4 November 1962, atop a [[Molniya (rocket)|Molniya]] 8K78 carrier rocket flying from [[Gagarin's Start|Site 1/5]] at the [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]].<ref name="LL">{{cite web |url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt |title=Launch Log |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |publisher=Jonathan's Space Page |access-date=29 July 2010}}</ref> About 260 seconds into the flight, the oxidiser pressurisation system malfunctioned, resulting in [[cavitation]] within the feed lines and turbopump. The same problem developed in the propellant feed lines thirty-two seconds later.<ref name="EA-R7">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/soyuz.htm |title=Soyuz |last=Wade |first=Mark |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107163113/http://astronautix.com/lvs/soyuz.htm |archive-date=7 January 2010 }}</ref> Although the lower stages of the rocket were still able to place the upper stage and payload into a [[low Earth orbit]], vibrations caused by either the cavitation problem, or a separate problem with the next stage, caused a [[Fuse (electrical)|fuse]] to become dislodged in the electrical system controlling the upper stage engine. This prevented the [[Blok L]] upper stage igniting, leaving the spacecraft in its [[parking orbit]]. It decayed from orbit the next day. However, some debris remained in orbit until 27 December, and the upper stage [[ullage motor]] platform remained in orbit until 19 January 1963.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=29 July 2010}}</ref>

== Designation ==
The designations Sputnik 31, and later Sputnik 24, were used by the United States [[Naval Space Command]] to identify the spacecraft in its [[Satellite Situation Summary]] documents, since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time, and had not assigned it an official name due to its failure to depart [[geocentric orbit]].<ref name="RSW"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/advanced/20th_soviet_mars.html |title=Soviet Craft - Mars |last=Mihos |first=Chris |date=11 January 2006 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013211415/http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/advanced/20th_soviet_mars.html |archive-date=13 October 2013 }}</ref>

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==See also==
{{Portal|Spaceflight|Solar System}}
* [[List of missions to Mars]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Mars programme}}
{{Orbital launches in 1962}}
{{Mars spacecraft}}

[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Mars program]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 1962]]
[[Category:2MV]]