Editing Maricopa, Arizona

{{Short description|City in Arizona, United States}}
{{Distinguish|Maricopa County, Arizona}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = 
| official_name      = Maricopa
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| image_skyline      = Maricopa_Arizona.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Residential developments dominate the landscape of Maricopa
| image_map          = Pinal County Arizona Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Maricopa Highlighted 0444410.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Maricopa in Pinal County, Arizona
| image_map1         = 
| mapsize1           = 
| map_caption1       = 
| pushpin_map        = USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
| coordinates        = {{coord|33|3|24|N|112|2|48|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Arizona|County]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Arizona]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Pinal County, Arizona|Pinal]]
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 1857
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| established_date2  = 2003
| government_type    = [[Council-manager government]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Nancy Smith
| leader_title1      = [[Vice Mayor]]
| leader_name1       = Amber Liermann
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_04.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 110.32
| area_total_sq_mi   = 42.59
| area_land_km2      = 110.06
| area_land_sq_mi    = 42.49
| area_water_km2     = 0.26
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.10
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 1201
| population_total   = 66290
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_footnotes = 
| population_density_km2 = 600.89
| population_density_sq_mi = 1560.13
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 85138, 85139
| area_code          = [[Area code 520|520]]
| website            = https://www.maricopa-az.gov/home
| leader_title2      = [[City Council]]
| leader_name2       = Vincent Manfredi, Henry Wade, Bob Marsh, Eric Goettl, AnnaMarie Knorr
| leader_title3      = [[City Manager]]
| leader_name3       = Benjamin Bitter
| leader_title4      = [[City Clerk]]
| leader_name4       = Vanessa Bueras
| timezone           = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]] (no [[Daylight savings time|DST]])
| utc_offset         = -7
| timezone_DST       = 
| utc_offset_DST     = 
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 04-44410
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2411032<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2411032}}</ref>
| footnote           = 
| image_seal         = Maricopa,_Arizona_official_seal.png
| image_flag         = Flag of Maricopa, Arizona.gif
| image_blank_emblem = Maricopa,_Arizona_official_wordmark.png
| blank_emblem_type  = Logo
}}

'''Maricopa''' is a city in the [[Gila River Valley]] in [[Pinal County, Arizona]], United States. With 66,290 residents as of 2022, Maricopa is the largest incorporated municipality in Pinal County.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=August 13, 2021|title=Surprising numbers for Pinal cities in census; Maricopa now most populous city|url=https://www.pinalcentral.com/maricopa_monitor/news/surprising-numbers-for-pinal-cities-in-census-maricopa-now-most-populous-city/article_f2f385f8-2e17-5b85-818a-6a5622e9584e.html|website=PinalCentral}}</ref>

==History==
Maricopa has had three locations over the years: [[Maricopa Wells, Arizona|Maricopa Wells]], '''Maricopaville''' and '''Maricopa Junction;''' the latter gradually became known as Maricopa. It started as an oasis around a series of watering holes eight miles north of present-day Maricopa, and about a mile west of Pima Butte. European-American traders and travelers called it Maricopa Wells. Several of Arizona's rivers, the Gila, Santa Cruz, Vekol and Santa Rosa provided this oasis in the desert with an ample supply of water during this period of time.

During the late 1800s, Maricopa Wells was one of the most important relay stations along the [[San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line]] and the later more famous [[Butterfield Overland Mail in New Mexico Territory#3rd Division|Butterfield Overland Mail]] Route. Today, very little remains of this once bustling community, but it played an important part in the progress and development of the Southwest. It was one of the best-known spots in Arizona during this period of time because it had a reliable source of water, and offered an abundant supply of food. The peaceful Pima and Maricopa farmers who lived and farmed nearby sold supplies to travelers and migrants.

The most prosperous period of time for Maricopa Wells was in the 1870s. During this time the trading center at the Wells provided water and food for not only the east–west travelers, but those who traveled to the north to Phoenix. Fairly good roads had been built by James A. Moore, the proprietor at Maricopa Wells, to all points north, and the Wells was a constant hubbub of activity.

Maricopaville developed south and west of the Wells, following construction of a railroad line from this terminus to Phoenix. In 1879, the Southern Pacific Railroad was in the process of building a railroad line from Yuma to Tucson, and a second railroad line was to be built from Maricopaville, wrapping around the western edge of South Mountain into [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]]. With the railroad, Maricopaville took on the appearance of a gold rush California boom town, as men worked day and night building hotels, saloons, warehouses, restaurants, theaters, etc. One local newspaper at the time reckoned that with its thousands of people and good location, Maricopaville would be an ideal choice for the location of the state capital.

But the railroad never built the anticipated line from Maricopaville into Phoenix.  [[Tempe, Arizona|Tempe]] also wanted to be on the railroad line and lobbied the territorial government to gain a stop. Officials agreed. The settlement known as Maricopaville was essentially rebuilt three miles to the east (to the present location of Maricopa) in the early 1880s, in order to accommodate the Maricopa & Phoenix line, planned to go through Kyrene and Tempe to the north on the way to Phoenix. The first train departed from Maricopa for Phoenix on July 4, 1887. All east–west rail travelers had to stop at Maricopa, and those who wanted to go north had to shift to the M & P Railroad.<ref>''Reflections of a Desert Town'', Patricia Brock</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maricopachamber.org/futureresident/history.php |title=Maricopa Chamber - Potential Resident - History |access-date=July 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916061444/http://www.maricopachamber.org/futureresident/history.php |archive-date=September 16, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inmaricopa.com/COMMUNITY/History/tabid/131/Default.aspx |title=History |access-date=July 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723195058/http://www.inmaricopa.com/COMMUNITY/History/tabid/131/Default.aspx |archive-date=July 23, 2010 }}</ref>

Maricopa was officially incorporated as a city on October 15, 2003, becoming the 88th incorporated municipality in Arizona.  Between 2000 and 2010, the city's population grew from 1,040 residents to 43,482, an increase of 4080%.<ref name="2010 Census">{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/news/xls/cb11cn76_az_2010redistr.xls|title=U.S. Census Data|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date=March 10, 2011|access-date=March 10, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322113902/http://2010.census.gov/news/xls/cb11cn76_az_2010redistr.xls|archive-date=March 22, 2011}}</ref> In 2018, estimates approved by the US Census Bureau and Arizona State Demographer's Office put Maricopa's population at 51,977 pushing the city over the 50,000 mark for the first time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.maricopa-az.gov/web/city-news-feed/3498-maricopa-s-population-reaches-over-50-000|title=Maricopa's Population Reaches Over 50,000!|last=Wolfe|first=Adam|website=City of Maricopa|language=en-gb|access-date=December 9, 2018}}</ref> Furthermore, data released from the official [[2020 United States census|2020 Census]] in August 2021 put Maricopa at 58,125, surpassing [[Casa Grande, Arizona|Casa Grande]] to become the most populous incorporated place in Pinal County and second most populous place in the county overall, behind the unincorporated [[San Tan Valley, Arizona|San Tan Valley]].<ref name=":1" /> Population of Maricopa has continued to grow, reaching 66,290 residents as of 2022; a 6.2% increase from 2021, making Maricopa the 12th fastest growing municipality in the United States and second fastest growing in Arizona (behind [[Queen Creek, Arizona|Queen Creek]], which is partially in Pinal County).<ref>{{cite web |title=Large Southern Cities Lead Nation in Population Growth |url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/subcounty-metro-micro-estimates.html |website=U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=U.S. Department of Commerce |access-date=May 18, 2023}}</ref>

A part of the city is within the boundaries of the [[Ak-Chin Indian Community]]. The small, federally recognized tribe has developed [[Harrah's Ak-Chin Casino]] and related resort, a multi-entertainment cinema complex, and operates a golf course; all are open to the public and draw attendees from Maricopa as well as the greater Phoenix area. In addition the tribe operates the [[Ak-Chin Regional Airport]] and an industrial park. A 2011 study said that its casino and resort made up a large part of the economy of Pinal County, in terms of number of jobs and revenue generated.{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}}

==Geography and climate==
Maricopa is located at {{Coord|33|3|24|N|112|2|48|W|type:city}} (33.056702, -112.046656).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|31.9|sqmi|km2}}, all  land.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_G001&prodType=table|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212210253/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_G001&prodType=table|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 12, 2020|title=American FactFinder - Results|publisher=United States Census Bureau|website=factfinder2.census.gov}}</ref>

The topography in Maricopa is flat, with several mountain ranges 10 to 20 miles away.  The elevation of Maricopa is 1190 feet.

{{Weather box
|location = Maricopa, AZ
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F =  86
|Feb record high F =  90
|Mar record high F = 100
|Apr record high F = 106
|May record high F = 113
|Jun record high F = 122
|Jul record high F = 124
|Aug record high F = 117
|Sep record high F = 113
|Oct record high F = 109
|Nov record high F =  95
|Dec record high F =  84
|year record high F =124
|Jan high F =  68
|Feb high F =  73
|Mar high F =  79
|Apr high F =  88
|May high F =  98
|Jun high F = 107
|Jul high F = 108
|Aug high F = 106
|Sep high F = 102
|Oct high F =  90
|Nov high F =  77
|Dec high F =  67
|year high F =
|Jan low F = 36
|Feb low F = 39
|Mar low F = 44
|Apr low F = 50
|May low F = 59
|Jun low F = 68
|Jul low F = 77
|Aug low F = 76
|Sep low F = 68
|Oct low F = 54
|Nov low F = 42
|Dec low F = 35
|year low F =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.83
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.91
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.00
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.28
|May precipitation inch = 0.17
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.08
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.98
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.96
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.72
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.47
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.58
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.97
|year precipitation inch =7.98
|source 1 = The Weather Channel<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USAZ0131|title= Monthly Averages for Maricopa, AZ | publisher=Weather.com |year=2010 |access-date=September 17, 2012}}</ref>
|date=September 2012
}}

===Surrounding municipalities===
{{Geographic location
|Northwest = [[Goodyear, Arizona|Goodyear]]
|North     = [[Gila River Indian Community]]
|Northeast = Gila River Indian Community
|West      = [[Ak-Chin Village, Arizona|Ak-Chin Village]]
|Center    = Maricopa
|South     = [[Stanfield, Arizona|Stanfield]]
|Southwest = Palo Verde Mountains
|Southeast = [[Casa Grande, Arizona|Casa Grande]]
|East      = Gila River Indian Community
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|2000= 1040
|2010= 43482
|2020= 58125
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}

As of the census of 2010, there were 43,482 people, 14,359 households, and 11,110 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,356.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 17,240 housing units at an average density of {{convert|540.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 70.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 9.7% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 2.0% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 4.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 8.5% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.3% from two or more races. 24.4% of the population is [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 14,359 households, out of which 47.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 15.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.03 and the average family size was 3.38.<ref name="factfinder2.census">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid%3DDEC_10_DP_DPDP1%26prodType%3Dtable |title=American FactFinder - Results |access-date=January 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305164937/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table |archive-date=March 5, 2014 }}</ref>

In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.5% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 35% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.

According to 2009 Census Bureau estimates, the median income for a household in the city was $67,692, and the median income for a family was $69,818.  The per capita income for the city was $27,618. About 3.7% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line.

==Infrastructure==

=== Roads ===
Maricopa is primarily served by [[Arizona State Route 347]], a north–south highway that connects to [[Interstate 10 in Arizona|Interstate 10]], approximately 14 miles north of Maricopa, as well as [[Arizona State Route 84]] 11 miles south of Maricopa. State Route 84 then ends at [[Interstate 8]] approximately 6 miles west of State Route 347. Within Maricopa, State Route 347 is John Wayne Parkway. As it leaves the city for the [[Gila River Indian Community]] to the north or the [[Ak-Chin Indian Community]] to the south, the road changes names to Maricopa Road. A portion of old State Route 347 within Maricopa also exists as Maricopa Road.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinalcentral.com/maricopa_monitor/news/addresses-for-maricopa-road-properties-to-officially-change-dec/article_069a5354-dc5b-549e-8ce7-52636a887fe4.html|title=Addresses for Maricopa Road properties to officially change Dec. 1|website=PinalCentral}}</ref>

Maricopa is also served by [[Arizona State Route 238]], which connects Maricopa to the town of [[Mobile, Arizona|Mobile]], which is incorporated into the city of [[Goodyear, Arizona|Goodyear]]. Past Mobile, State Route 238 becomes a county route that connects to [[Arizona State Route 85]] in [[Gila Bend, Arizona|Gila Bend]]. State Route 238 and Mobile Road designations are used interchangeably. State Route 238 ends at State Route 347, and continues east as Smith-Enke Road, a major east–west corridor for the city of Maricopa. Maricopa-Casa Grande Highway also makes up a major corridor for the city, connecting it to the city of [[Casa Grande, Arizona|Casa Grande]]. This road parallels the Union Pacific Railroad at a diagonal, ultimately becoming Plainview Street within Maricopa and Cottonwood Lane in Casa Grande.

=== Rail ===
[[File:California-Zephyr-MaricopaAZ.JPG|thumb|California Zephyr railcar at the Maricopa, AZ [[Amtrak]] station]]Maricopa is located on a Union Pacific Railroad line. The city is currently the closest stop to [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]] served by [[Amtrak]]'s ''[[Sunset Limited]]'' and ''[[Texas Eagle]]'' trains. [[Maricopa station]] opened in 2001, originally in a converted passenger rail car but now in a metal building. [[Amtrak Thruway]] offers connecting service between Maricopa and Phoenix.

=== Utilities ===
Maricopa is served by the following utilities:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maricopa-az.gov/our-city/residents/utilities-services-in-maricopa|title=Utilities & Services in Maricopa|website=City of Maricopa, AZ}}</ref>

* Cable: Orbitel Communications
* Electricity: Electrical District #3
* Natural Gas: [[Southwest Gas]]
* Telephone/DSL: [[CenturyLink]]
* Water: Global Water (Santa Cruz Water Company, Palo Verde Utilities), Maricopa Domestic Water Improvement District

=== Bus ===
The City of Maricopa operates Maricopa Express Transit (MET), which provides local bus service.<ref>{{Cite web| title = Transit| access-date = November 9, 2021| url = https://www.maricopa-az.gov/departments/economic-community-development/neighborhood-animal-services/transit}}</ref>

==Municipal organization==
Maricopa is governed by a Council-Manager form of government. This type of government structure combines the political leadership of elected officials with the managerial experience of an appointed professional manager. The City Council and City Manager work as partners to direct and guide local government.

The Maricopa City Council consists of the Mayor and six City Council members. The Mayor is elected to serve a four-year term and the City Council members are elected to serve four-year terms on a rotating basis. City Council meetings are held on the first and third Tuesdays of the month.

There are 10 citizen advisory groups that guide the Maricopa City Council on a myriad of activity. They are the Board of Adjustment, Heritage District Advisory Committee, Industrial Development Authority Board, Merit Board, Parks, Recreation and Library Advisory Committee, Planning and Zoning Commission, Public Safety Personnel Retirement System Board, Transportation Advisory Committee and the Youth Council. Selection to these groups is by City Council action.

The city is organized into nine departments: the City Manager's Office, the City Clerk's Office, Community Services, Development Services, Economic Development, Finance, Fire, Human Services and the Police Department. More than 250 individuals work for the municipality.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}

==Civic and nonprofit organizations==
*F.O.R. Maricopa - local [[food bank]]
*Maricopa Gun Club- local gun club
*Maricopa Historical Society - historical organization
*Maricopa Motorcycle Riders  - local group of riders; all bikes allowed
*Maricopa Seniors  - area senior citizen group
* [http://www.momdoccharities.org/ MomDoc Charities]
*[[Pet Social Worker / Tails of Hope Rescue]] - local animal [[rescue group]]
*Recycling Association of Maricopa (R.A.M.) - community drop-off recycling
*Thunderbird Arena Community Council (TACC) - area organization supporting the renovation of the Thunderbird Farms Arena 
* Maha Ganpati Temple of Arizona - Hindu Temple with Rajagopuram[main tower] built as per Dravidian architecture of South India. [http://www.ganapati.org www.ganapati.org]
*The Opportunity Tree - nonprofit program for children and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. [https://theopportunitytree.org/]

==Education facilities==

=== Public school districts ===

*[[Maricopa Unified School District]]
*[[Mobile Elementary School District]]

=== Public elementary schools ===

* Butterfield Elementary School
* Maricopa Elementary School
* Mobile Elementary School
* Pima Butte Elementary School
* Saddleback Elementary School
* Santa Cruz Elementary School
* Santa Rosa Elementary School

=== Public middle schools ===

* Desert Wind Middle School
* Maricopa Wells Middle School

=== Public high schools ===

*[[Desert Sunrise High School]]
*[[Maricopa High School]]

=== Charter schools ===

* Leading Edge Academy Maricopa 
* [https://maricopa.legacytraditional.org/ Legacy Traditional School-Maricopa Campus]
* Sequoia Pathway Academy Maricopa
* [http://www.aplusaz.org/ A+ Charter Schools]
* Heritage Academy Maricopa

=== Community college ===

* [[Central Arizona College]]

==Notable people==
*[[Bristol Palin]], daughter of former [[List of governors of Alaska|Alaska governor]] and [[Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin|vice presidential candidate]] [[Sarah Palin]], bought a house and lived in Maricopa for two years before returning to Alaska.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40804372|title=New Ariz. homeowner: Bristol Palin|date=December 24, 2010|publisher=MSNBC|work=Today|access-date=January 2, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227085708/http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/40804372/ns/us_news-life|archive-date=December 27, 2010}}</ref><ref>[http://www.zillow.com/blog/2012-05-08/bristol-palin-no-longer-an-arizona-homeowner/ "Bristol Palin No Longer an Arizona Homeowner"]. ''Zillow''. May 2012.</ref>
*Former state senator [[Steve Smith (Arizona politician)|Steve Smith]] resides in Maricopa.
*[[Charles Smith (cowboy)]], lawman, friend of [[Wyatt Earp]]. 
*[[John Wayne]], famous actor, owned land in area and frequented local establishments.

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.maricopa-az.gov/ City of Maricopa]

{{Pinal County, Arizona}}
{{Phoenix Metropolitan Area}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Maricopa, Arizona| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Arizona]]
[[Category:Arizona placenames of Native American origin]]
[[Category:Former census-designated places in Arizona]]
[[Category:Cities in Pinal County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Phoenix metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 2003]]