Editing Marburg

{{Short description|Town in Hesse, Germany}}
{{about|the city in Germany}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox German place
| name                 = Marburg
| type                  = Stadt
| image_photo          = Marburg Schloss.jpg
| image_caption        = View of Marburg, dominated by [[Marburger Schloss|the castle]] and [[St. Elizabeth's Church, Marburg|St. Elizabeth's Church]]
| image_coa               = Wappen Marburg.svg
| coordinates          = {{coord|50|48|36|N|08|46|15|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| image_plan             = Marburg Biedenkopf Marburg.png
| plantext = <!-- Description of image "Lageplan" Default: "Location of XX" -->
| state           = Hessen
| district            = Marburg-Biedenkopf
| elevation                 = 173-412
| area               = 123.92
| postal_code                  = 35001-35043
| area_code              = 06421, 06420, 06424
| licence                  = MR
| Gemeindeschlüssel = 06 5 34 014
| divisions         = 25 [[:Category:Districts of Marburg|Ortsbezirke]]
| website           = [https://www.marburg.de/ www.marburg.de]
| mayor             = Thomas Spies<ref>{{cite web|url=https://statistik.hessen.de/sites/statistik.hessen.de/files/2022-10/direktwahlen_09_2022_10102022.xlsx|title=Ergebnisse der letzten Direktwahl aller hessischen Landkreise und Gemeinden|language=de|date=5 September 2022|publisher=[[Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt]]|format=XLS}}</ref>
| leader_term       = 2021&ndash;27
| Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister
| party             = SPD
}}

'''Marburg''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɑr|b|ʊər|k}};<ref>{{Cite Dictionary.com|Marburg}}</ref> {{IPA|de|ˈmaːɐ̯bʊʁk|lang}} {{IPA|de|ˈmaʁbʊʁk|label=or||de-Marburg.ogg}}) is a [[college town|university town]] in the [[States of Germany|German federal state]] ({{lang|de|Bundesland}}) of [[Hesse]], capital of the [[Marburg-Biedenkopf]] [[Districts of Germany|district]] ({{lang|de|Landkreis}}). The town area spreads along the valley of the river [[Lahn]] and has a population of approximately 76,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population of major towns in Hesse, Germany |url=https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1090644/umfrage/groesste-staedte-in-hessen/ |website=Statista}}</ref>

Having been awarded [[town privileges]] in 1222, Marburg served as capital of the [[Landgrave|landgraviate]] of [[Hessen-Marburg]] during periods of the 15th to 17th centuries. The [[University of Marburg]] was founded in 1527 and dominates the public life in the town to this day.

Marburg is a historic centre of the pharmaceutical industry in Germany, and there is a plant in the town (by [[BioNTech]]) to produce vaccines to tackle [[Covid-19]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-31|title=Amid AstraZeneca setback, Germany banks on homegrown vaccine|url=https://apnews.com/article/europe-coronavirus-pandemic-germany-coronavirus-vaccine-europe-21844e4efa31ae5e6998bdb7f7c1dd89|access-date=2021-04-02|website=AP NEWS}}</ref>

== History ==
=== Founding and early history ===
Like many settlements, Marburg developed at the crossroads of two important early medieval highways: the trade route linking [[Cologne]] and [[Prague]] and the trade route from the [[North Sea]] to the [[Alps]] and on to [[Italy]], the former crossing the river [[Lahn]] here. A first mention of the settlement dates from 822 in the ''[https://www.marburg800.de/jubilaeum/marburg800.html Reinhardsbrunner Chronik]''. The settlement was protected and customs were raised by a small castle built during the ninth or tenth century by the [[Giso IV, Count of Gudensberg|Giso]]. Marburg has been a town since 1140, as proven by coins. From the Gisos, it fell around that time to the [[Graf|Landgraves]] of [[Thuringia]], residing on the [[Wartburg]] above [[Eisenach]].

=== St. Elizabeth of Hungary ===
In 1228, the widowed princess-landgravine of Thuringia, [[Elizabeth of Hungary]], chose Marburg as her dowager seat, as she did not get along well with her brother-in-law, the new landgrave. The countess dedicated her life to the sick and would become after her early death in 1231, aged 24, one of the most prominent female saints of the era. She was canonized in 1235.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hermann |first1=Bauer |title=Sankt Elisabeth und die Elisabethkirche zu Marburg |date=1990 |publisher=Hitzeroth |location=Marburg |isbn=3-89616-031-1}}</ref>

[[File:Marburg asv2022-02 img25 Elisabethkirche.jpg|thumb|[[St. Elizabeth Church (Marburg)|St. Elizabeth Church]]]]

=== Capital of Hessen ===
In 1264, St Elizabeth's daughter [[Sophie of Thuringia, Duchess of Brabant|Sophie of Brabant]], succeeded in winning the [[Landgraviate of Hessen]], hitherto connected to [[Thuringia]], for her son [[Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse|Henry]]. Marburg (alongside [[Kassel]]) was one of the capitals of Hessen from that time until about 1540. Following the first division of the landgraviate, it was the capital of [[Hessen-Marburg]] from 1485 to 1500 and again between 1567 and 1605. Hessen was one of the more powerful second-tier principalities in Germany. Its "old enemy" was the [[Electorate of Mainz|Archbishopric of Mainz]], the seat of one of the [[prince-elector]]s, who competed with Hessen in many wars and conflicts for coveted territory, stretching over several centuries.<ref>{{cite web |title=Screenhaus |url=https://www.screenhaus.de/marburg/ |website=Screenhaus |date=8 January 2021 |access-date=29 January 2021}}</ref>
[[File:Marburg Braun-Hogenberg.jpg|thumb|left|Marburg from [[Georg Braun]] and Frans Hogenberg's atlas ''[[Civitates orbis terrarum]]'', 1572]]

After 1605, Marburg became just another provincial town, known mostly for the [[University of Marburg]]. It became a virtual backwater for two centuries after the [[Thirty Years' War]] (1618–48), when it was fought over by [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt|Hessen-Darmstadt]] and [[Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel|Hesse-Kassel]]. The Hessian territory around Marburg lost more than two-thirds of its population, which was more than in any later wars (including [[World War I]] and [[World War II]]) combined.

=== Reformation ===
Marburg is the seat of the oldest existing [[Protestantism|Protestant]]-founded [[university]] in the world, the [[University of Marburg]] (Philipps-Universität-Marburg), founded in 1527. It is one of the smaller "university towns" in Germany. These include [[Greifswald]], [[Erlangen]], [[Jena]], and [[Tübingen]], as well as the city of [[Gießen]], which is located 30&nbsp;km south of Marburg.

In 1529, [[Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse|Philipp I of Hesse]] arranged the [[Marburg Colloquy]], to propitiate [[Martin Luther]] and [[Huldrych Zwingli]].

[[File:Marburg asv2022-02 img32 Am Grün.jpg|thumb|View of Marburg and the Lahn]]

=== Romanticism ===
Owing to its neglect during the entire 18th century, Marburg – like [[Rye, East Sussex|Rye]] or [[Chartres]] – survived as a relatively intact [[Gothic art|Gothic]] town, simply because there was no money spent on any new [[architecture]] or expansion. When [[Romanticism]] became the dominant cultural and artistic paradigm in Germany, Marburg became a centre of activities once again, and many of the leaders of the movement lived, taught, or studied in Marburg. They formed a circle of friends that was of great importance, especially in [[literature]], [[philology]], [[folklore]], and [[law]].

The group included [[Friedrich Carl von Savigny]], the most important [[jurist]] of his day and father of the [[Roman Law]] adaptation in Germany, as well as the poets, writers, and social activists [[Achim von Arnim]], [[Clemens Brentano]], and especially [[Bettina von Arnim]], Clemens Brentano's sister, who became Achim von Arnim's wife. Most famous internationally, however, were the [[Brothers Grimm]], who collected many of their [[fairy tales]] here. The best-known illustrations for the fairy tale editions are by the painter [[Otto Ubbelohde]], who also lived in and near Marburg. The original building inspiring his drawing ''[[Rapunzel]]'s Tower'' stands in Amönau near Marburg. Across the Lahn hills, in the area called Schwalm, the costumes of little girls included a red hood.

=== Prussian town ===
In the [[Austro-Prussian War]] of 1866, the [[Prince-elector]] of Hessen had backed [[Austria]]. Prussia won and took the opportunity to invade and annex the [[Electorate of Hessen]] (as well as [[Hanover]], the city of [[Frankfurt]], and other territories) north of the [[Main (river)|Main]] River. However, the pro-Austrian [[Grand Duchy of Hesse|Hesse-Darmstadt]] remained independent. For Marburg, this turn of events was very positive, because Prussia decided to make Marburg its main administrative centre in this part of the new province [[Hessen-Nassau]] and to turn the [[University of Marburg]] into the regional academic centre. Thus, Marburg's rise as an administrative and university city began. As the Prussian university system was one of the best in the world at the time, Marburg attracted many respected scholars. However, there was hardly any industry to speak of, so students, professors, and civil servants – who generally had enough but not much money and paid very little in taxes – dominated the town.

=== Early 20th century ===
[[File:Marburg 30.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Wettergasse in the Old City]]
[[Franz von Papen]], vice-chancellor of Germany in 1934, delivered [[Marburg speech|an anti-Nazi speech]] at the University of Marburg on 17 June.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kershaw |first=Ian |title=Hitler: 1889–1936 |publisher=Norton |isbn=9780393320350 |location=New York |publication-date=1988}}</ref>

From 1942 to 1945, the whole city of Marburg was turned into a hospital, with schools and government buildings turned into wards to augment the existing hospitals. By the spring of 1945, there were over 20,000 patients – mostly wounded German soldiers. As a result of its designation as a hospital city, and because of a lack of important industrial sites, there was not much damage from bombings except along the railroad tracks.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

In May 1945, the [[Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program|Monuments men]] officer [[Walker Hancock]] set up the first so-called Central Collecting Point in the Marburg State Archives.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rasch |first1=Marco |title=Das Marburger Staatsarchiv als Central Collecting Point |date=2021 |publisher=Hessisches Staatsarchiv |location=Marburg |isbn=978-3-88964-224-0}}</ref> But since the capacity of the archive building was not sufficient to store the many objects and since other collecting points, for example in [[Munich Central Collecting Point|Munich]], had been set up in the [[Allied-occupied Germany|American occupation zone]] in the meantime, the Marburg facility was closed after more than a year in favor of the Wiesbaden Collecting Point. With the relocation of the [[sarcophagus]] of Field Marshal and President [[Paul von Hindenburg]] (1847-1934) to the [[St. Elisabeth's Church (Marburg)|Elisabethkirche]] in August 1946 the project ended.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} [[Milton Mayer]]'s 1955 book ''[[They Thought They Were Free]]'', which attempted to gage how ordinary German citizens felt about Nazi Germany, used interviews of ten men from Marburg (which it called "Kronenberg") as its case study.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Adler|first=Franz|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2092579|title=They Thought They Were Free: The Germans 1933-45. by Milton Mayer|journal=[[American Sociological Review]]|volume=20|issue=5|date=October 1955|pages=595–596|publisher=[[American Sociological Association]]|doi=10.2307/2092579|jstor=2092579}}</ref>

=== Marburg from 1945 ===
Post-war developments included population growth at first due to war refugees, then to increasing significance of the pharmaceutical industry based in Marburg, and an increase in staff and students for the university. The historic town was in danger of thorough decay, but was renovated from 1972. The university now has about 21,000 students (2023).<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2023 |title=Student enrollment |url=https://www.uni-marburg.de/de/universitaet/profil/zahlen-fakten-preise/studierendenzahlen/dateien/studierende-extern_sosem-2023.pdf}}</ref>

==Geography==
Marburg lies on the river [[Lahn]], 25&nbsp;km north of [[Gießen]]. The federal road [[Bundesstraße 3]] connects it with Gießen and [[Kassel]]. It is served by [[Marburg (Lahn) station]] (long-distance and local trains) and [[Marburg Süd station]] (local trains).

The city is divided into the following 25 boroughs (''[[Ortsbezirk]]e''):<ref>[https://www.marburg.de/medien/satzungen/900000357_hauptsatzung_i.d.f._xxiii._nachtrag_inkrafttreten_am_27.11.2021.pdf Hauptsatzung der Universitätsstadt Marburg], § 3, 27 November 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.marburg.de/politik-stadtgesellschaft/stadtteile-und-ortsbeiraete/ortsbeiraete/ Ortsbeiräte], Universitätsstadt Marburg</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* Altstadt
* [[Bauerbach, Marburg|Bauerbach]]
* [[Bortshausen]]
* Campusviertel
* [[Cappel, Marburg|Cappel]]
* [[Cyriaxweimar]]
* [[Dagobertshausen]]
* [[Dilschhausen]]
* [[Elnhausen]]
* [[Ginseldorf]]
* [[Gisselberg]]
* [[Haddamshausen]]
* [[Hermershausen]]
* [[Marbach, Marburg|Marbach]]
* [[Michelbach, Marburg|Michelbach]]
* [[Moischt]]
* [[Ockershausen]]
* [[Richtsberg]]
* [[Ronhausen]]
* [[Schröck]]
* Südviertel
* Waldtal
* [[Wehrda]]
* [[Wehrshausen]]
* Weidenhausen
{{div col end}}

== Politics ==
As a larger mid-sized city, Marburg, like six other such cities in Hessen, has a special status as compared to the other municipalities in the district. This means that the city takes on tasks more usually performed by the district so that in many ways it is comparable to an [[Urban districts of Germany|urban district]] (''kreisfreie Stadt''). Before 1974, the city was a district-free city.

The [[List of mayors of Marburg|mayor of Marburg]], Thomas Spies, in office since December 2015, and his predecessor [[Egon Vaupel]] (directly elected in January 2005), are members of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]]. His deputy, the head of the building and youth departments, Nadine Bernshausen, is from [[Alliance '90/The Greens]]. Following the city parliament elections of March 2021, the majority in the 59-seat city parliament is held by a coalition of Green party (15 seats), SPD (14 seats) and Klimaliste (4 seats) members. Also represented are the factions of the [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] (13 seats), [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]] (7 seats), the [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]] (2 seats), a CDU splinter group MBL (''Marburger Bürgerliste'' – 2 seats), the BfM (''Bürger für Marburg'' – 2 seats), [[Alternative für Deutschland]] (1 seat), and the [[Pirate Party Germany|Pirate Party]] (1 seat).[https://www.marburg.de/politik-stadtgesellschaft/stadtpolitik/stadtparlament-stvv-/]

Among the left wing groups are [[Association pour la taxation des transactions pour l'aide aux citoyens|ATTAC]], the [[Worldshop]] movement, an [[Autonomism|autonomist]]-[[Anarchism|anarchist]] scene, and a few groups engaged in ecological or human-rights concerns.

The city of Marburg, similar to the cities of [[Heidelberg]], [[Tübingen]] and [[Göttingen]], has a rich history of student [[Fraternity|fraternities]] or ''[[Studentenverbindung|Verbindungen]]'' of various sorts, including Corps, Landsmannschaften, Burschenschaften, Turnierschaften, etc.

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
Marburg is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Partnerstädte|url=https://www.marburg.de/portal/seiten/partnerstaedte-900001084-23001.html|website=marburg.de|publisher=Marburg|language=de|access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Poitiers]], France (1961)
*{{flagicon|SVN}} [[Maribor]], Slovenia (1969)
*{{flagicon|TUN}} [[Sfax]], Tunisia (1971)
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eisenach]], Germany (1988)
*{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Northampton]], England, UK (1992)
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Sibiu]], Romania (2005)
{{div col end}}

==Coat of arms==
[[File:DEU Marburg COA.svg|thumb|Coat of arms Marburg]]
Marburg's coat of arms shows a Hessian landgrave riding a white horse with a flag and a shield on a red background. The shield shows the red-and-white-striped Hessian lion, also to be seen on Hessen's state arms, and the flag shows a stylized M, blue on gold (or yellow). The arms are also the source of the city flag's colors. The flag has three horizontal stripes colored, from top to bottom, red (from the background), white (from the horse) and blue (from the shield).

The coat of arms, which was designed in the late nineteenth century, is based on a landgrave seal on a municipal document. It is an example of a very prevalent practice of replacing forgotten coats of arms, or ones deemed not to be representative enough, with motifs taken from seals.

== Marburg virus ==
{{Main|Marburg virus}}
The city's name is connected to a [[filovirus]], the [[Marburg virus]], because this [[Marburg virus disease|disease]], a [[viral hemorrhagic fever]] resembling [[ebola]], was first recognized and described during an outbreak in the city. In 1967, workers were accidentally exposed to infected [[green monkey]] tissue at the city's former industrial plant, the Behring-Werke, then part of Hoechst and today of [[CSL Behring]], founded by Marburg citizen and first [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize in Medicine]] winner, [[Emil Adolf von Behring]]. During the outbreak, 31 people became infected and seven of them died. The virus is named after the city following the custom of naming viruses after the location of their first recorded outbreak.

== Green city ==
Many homes have solar panels and in 2008 a law was passed to make the installation of solar systems on new buildings or as part of renovation projects mandatory. 20 percent of heating system requirements ought to have been covered by solar energy in new buildings. Anyone who fails to install solar panels would have been fined €1,000. The new law, approved on 20 June 2008, should have taken effect in October 2008,<ref name="b080">{{cite web | last=Kulish | first=Nicholas | title=German townsfolk wonder: Is it possible to be too green? | website=The New York Times | date=7 August 2008 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/07/world/europe/07iht-journal.1.15074655.html | access-date=28 December 2024}}</ref> however, this law was stopped by the Regierungspräsidium Giessen in September 2008.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.faz.net/s/Rub5785324EF29440359B02AF69CB1BB8CC/Doc~EA619A3ED4C284B459E1CBD529351BAF5~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html| title = Marburger Solarsatzung vor dem aus (in german)}}</ref>

== Climate ==
{{Weather box
|location=Marburg
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan record high C= 15.6
|Feb record high C= 19.3
|Mar record high C= 24.7
|Apr record high C= 28.2
|May record high C= 30.7
|Jun record high C= 38.0
|Jul record high C= 38.8
|Aug record high C= 37.8
|Sep record high C= 31.3
|Oct record high C= 26.0
|Nov record high C= 22.0
|Dec record high C= 15.1
|year record high C= 38.8
|Jan high C=5.3
|Feb high C=7.3
|Mar high C=11.2
|Apr high C=16.4
|May high C=19.9
|Jun high C=25.4
|Jul high C=24
|Aug high C=22.7
|Sep high C=21.1
|Oct high C=15.6
|Nov high C=8.4
|Dec high C=6
|year high C= 15.3
|Jan mean C= 2.9
|Feb mean C= 2.7
|Mar mean C= 5.4
|Apr mean C= 9.7
|May mean C= 13.4
|Jun mean C= 18.7
|Jul mean C= 17.8
|Aug mean C= 16.6
|Sep mean C= 14.1
|Oct mean C= 10.5
|Nov mean C= 5.4
|Dec mean C= 3.7
|year mean C= 10.1
|Jan low C=0.3
|Feb low C=-1.6
|Mar low C=-0.2
|Apr low C=2.8
|May low C=6.4
|Jun low C=11.5
|Jul low C=10.7
|Aug low C=10.5
|Sep low C=7.7
|Oct low C=5.7
|Nov low C=2.1
|Dec low C=1.1
|year low C= 4.8
|Jan record low C=-15.5
|Feb record low C=-18
|Mar record low C=-13.4
|Apr record low C=-7.2
|May record low C=-6.2
|Jun record low C=1.0
|Jul record low C=2.1
|Aug record low C=3.1
|Sep record low C=-0.8
|Oct record low C=-6.2
|Nov record low C=-11.3
|Dec record low C=-16.5
|year record low C=-18
|precipitation colour= green
|Jan precipitation mm= 60
|Feb precipitation mm= 54
|Mar precipitation mm= 44
|Apr precipitation mm= 36
|May precipitation mm= 57
|Jun precipitation mm= 44
|Jul precipitation mm= 37
|Aug precipitation mm= 41
|Sep precipitation mm= 48
|Oct precipitation mm= 39
|Nov precipitation mm= 38
|Dec precipitation mm= 69
|year precipitation mm= 567
|rain colour= green
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|unit precipitation days=
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|unit rain days=
|Jan rain days=9
|Feb rain days=7
|Mar rain days=9
|Apr rain days=8
|May rain days=8
|Jun rain days=8
|Jul rain days=9
|Aug rain days=8
|Sep rain days=8
|Oct rain days=8
|Nov rain days=9
|Dec rain days=10
|year rain days=101
|source 1=[https://www.wetterdienst.de/Deutschlandwetter/Marburg_Lahn/Klima/ Klima Marburg / Lahn (in German), based on 11/2017-10/2022], accessed 9 November 2022
|source 2=[https://de.climate-data.org/europa/deutschland/hessen/marburg-22339/ Climate Marburg (Hesse) (in german)], accessed 26 July 2022
}}

==Landmarks==
[[File:Town hall Marburg and market place fountain in fog-night 2016-01-25.JPG|thumb|Town hall and market place with fountain (January 2016)]]
Marburg remains a relatively unspoilt, spire-dominated, castle-crowned Gothic or Renaissance city on a hill partly because it was isolated between 1600 and 1850. Architecturally, it is famous both for its castle [[Marburger Schloss]] and its medieval churches. The [[St. Elisabeth's Church (Marburg)|Elisabethkirche]], as one of the two or three first purely Gothic churches north of the Alps outside France, is an archetype of Gothic architecture in Germany.

Much of the physical attractiveness of Marburg is due to [[Hanno Drechsler]] who was Lord Mayor between 1970 and 1992. He promoted urban renewal and the restoration of the Oberstadt (upper town) and established one of the first pedestrian zones in Germany. Marburg's ''Altstadtsanierung'' (since 1972) has received many awards and prizes.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YRxCklSBYPQC&q=Altstadtsanierung++Hanno+Drechsler|title=Der Städtetag|date=1992|isbn=9783555009018|language=de}}</ref>

Parks in the town include the [[Alter Botanischer Garten Marburg|Old Botanical Garden]], as well as [[Neuer Botanischer Garten Marburg|the new Botanical Garden]] outside the town proper.

The Marktplatz is the heart of Marburg's old town. In the center is a fountain dedicated to St George, a popular meeting place for young people. To the south is the old town hall and the path running north leads to the palace overlooking the town.

The [[University of Marburg]], founded in 1527, is one of Germany's oldest. It is spread over two campuses: Firmanei in the centre of Marburg and Lahnberge to the east of the town near the [[Botanischer Garten Marburg|Botanischer Garten]] (Botanical Garden).

==Notable people==
[[File:Karl Gustav Adolf Knies.jpg|thumb|120px|Karl Knies]]
[[File:Adolf Fick.png|thumb|120px|Adolf Fick]]
*{{ill|Ernst Wachler (lawyer)|lt=Ernst Wachler|de|Ernst Wachler (Politiker)}} (1803–1888), lawyer and politician
*[[Karl Theodor Bayrhoffer]] (1812–1888), professor of philosophy at the University of Marburg and freethinker
*[[Karl Knies|Karl Gustav Adolf Knies]] (1821–1898), economist
*[[Rudolf Otto]] (1869-1937), Lutheran theologian and professor at the University of Marburg
*[[Adolf Gaston Eugen Fick]] (1852–1937), ophthalmologist and inventor of the contact lens
*[[Walter von Boetticher]] (1853–1945), historian and physician studied medicine at Marburg
*[[Juan Gundlach]] (1810-1896), naturalist and taxonomist of [[Cuba]] and [[Puerto Rico]]
*[[Ernst von Harnack]] (1888–1945), politician and resistance fighter against Nazism
*[[Ernst-Günther Schenck]] (1904–1998), doctor
*[[Otto John]] (1909–1997), President of the Federal Office for Constitutional Protection
*[[Hans Mommsen]] (1930–2015), historian
*[[Wolfgang Mommsen]] (1930–2004), historian
*[[Reinhard Hauff]] (born 1939), film director and screenwriter
*[[Richard Wiese (linguist)|Richard Wiese]] (born 1953), professor of linguistics
*[[Stefan Gradmann]] (born 1958), university professor
*[[Margot Käßmann]] (born 1958), Lutheran theologian and pastor
*[[Hank Levine]] (born 1965), film director and producer
*[[Dirk Kaftan]] (born 1971), conductor
*[[Lars Weißenfeldt]] (born 1980), footballer
*[[Lena Gercke]] (born 1988), photo model and TV host
*[[Lukas Wenig]] (born 1994), darts player
*[[Theodora Sayn-Wittgenstein]] (born 1986), aristocrat

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
;In English
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Marburg (Germany) |volume= 17 | pages = 680&ndash;681 }}
* {{cite book
|editor=John M. Jeep
|title=Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia 
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p4uHav3mZLsC
|year= 2001
|publisher=[[Garland Publishing]] |isbn=0-8240-7644-3
|chapter= Marburg
}}

;In German
* Schönholz, Christian, Braun, Karl (Hrsg.): ''Marburg. Streifzüge durch die jüngere Stadtgeschichte. Ein Lesebuch 1960–2010.'' Jonas Verlag, Marburg 2010, {{ISBN|978-3-89445-437-1}}.
* Stößer, Anke: ''Marburg im ausgehenden Mittelalter. Stadt und Schloss, Hauptort und Residenz.'' (=Schriften des Hessischen Landesamtes für geschichtliche Landeskunde 41). Selbstverlag des Hessischen Landesamtes für geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 2011, {{ISBN|978-3-921254-80-6}}.
* ''Marbuch.'' 7. Auflage. Marbuch, Marburg 2003, {{ISBN|3-9806487-1-0}} (umfassend, mit Stadtplan).
* Dettmering, Erhart: ''Kleine Marburger Stadtgeschichte.'' Pustet, Regensburg 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-7917-2086-9}}.
* IG Marburg (Hrsg.): ''Marburg. Abbruch und Wandel. Städtebauliche Planungen in einer mittelalterlichen Stadt.'' Jonas Verlag, Marburg 2009, {{ISBN|978-3-89445-393-0}}.
* Graepler, Catharina, Stumm, Richard: ''Marburg für Kinder.'' Jonas, Marburg 2008, {{ISBN|978-3-89445-408-1}}.
* Gimbel, Karl-Heinz: ''Das Michelchen, St. Michaelskapelle in Marburg an der Lahn.'' Marburg 2010, {{ISBN|978-3-89703-748-9}} (= ''Kleine Reihe von Marburg'', Band 1).
* Rosa-Luxemburg-Club Marburg (Hrsg.): ''Marburg rauf und runter – Stadtspaziergänge durch Geschichte und Gegenwart''. Marburg 2013, {{ISBN|978-3-939864-15-8}}.
* Großmann, Georg Ulrich: ''Marburg: Stadtführer''. 3. Auflage, Imhof, Petersberg 2015, {{ISBN|978-3-86568-091-4}}.

; In Italian
* Leone Rossella, Ragione Roberto, Santopuoli Nicola: ''The Garden of Remembrance on the ruins of the Marburg synagogue in Germany: memory, identity and reuse'', in Varum Humberto, Furtado André, Melo José (eds.), ''Documentation, Restoration and Reuse of Heritage'', Atti del X Convegno Internazionale “ReUso – Porto 2022” (Porto, 2-4 novembre 2022), Ebook, 2022, pp.&nbsp;91–101. {{ISBN|978-972-752-296-5}}. [https://paginas.fe.up.pt/~reuso/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/X_ReUSO_Proceedings_2023.pdf]

== External links ==
{{Commons|Marburg}}
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|de}} + {{in lang|en}}
* {{Wikivoyage inline}}

{{Cities in Germany}}
{{Towns and municipalities in the district of Marburg-Biedenkopf}}
{{Districts of Marburg}}
{{Filoviridae}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Marburg| ]]