Editing Mangum, Oklahoma

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Mangum, Oklahoma
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = File:Downtown Mangum Historic District.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = Mangum, Oklahoma Downtown Historic District, September 28, 2014. Courtesy CrimsonEdge 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = OKMap-doton-Mangum.PNG
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Mangum, Oklahoma
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates              = {{coord|34|52|43|N|99|30|14|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Oklahoma]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Oklahoma|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Greer County, Oklahoma|Greer]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 4.36
|area_land_km2            = 4.36
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 1.68
|area_land_sq_mi          = 1.68
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1608

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 2762
|population_density_sq_mi = 1641.12
|population_density_km2   = 633.47

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 73554
|area_code                = [[Area code 580|580]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 40-46050 <ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2410917<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410917}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://www.cityofmangum.com/|City website}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
}}

'''Mangum''' is a city in and [[county seat]] of [[Greer County, Oklahoma]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref>  The population was 2,762 as of the [[2020 United States census]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.census.gov/search-results.html?searchType=web&cssp=SERP&q=Mangum%20city,%20Oklahoma |title=Mangum (city), Oklahoma|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=March 19, 2024}}</ref> Mangum was originally part of Old Greer County in the [[Texas Panhandle|Texas panhandle]]. The community was named for A. S. Mangum, who owned the land on which the town was founded in 1882.{{efn|A. S. Mangum is notable in Texas history because he fought at the [[Battle of San Jacinto]]. Texas rewarded his service to the state with a land grant in Greer County.<ref name="hist">[http://www.cityofmangum.com/History.html "City of Mangum History." City of Mangum.] Accessed November 4, 2016.</ref>}}  It became part of the [[Oklahoma Territory]] in 1896, and thus part of the state of Oklahoma on November 16, 1907.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum">[http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MA010   Bielich, Peggy Crabb. "Mangum." ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''.] Retrieved March 19, 2014.</ref>

==History==
Beginning in 1876, the nearby [[Great Western Cattle Trail]] was used to drive cattle north from Texas to market. The community of Mangum began in 1882 when Henry Clay Sweet established it on [[land grant]]ed to A. S. Mangum by the state of Texas. The Mangum post office was established April 15, 1886. This part of Texas (old Greer County) was given to Oklahoma in 1896.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/> During Mangum's early days, the community's economy largely depended on very large cattle ranches owned or leased by land companies such as the Day Land and Cattle Company of Texas and the Franklyn Land and Cattle Company, an English syndicate.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/> The local cowboys called Mangum "Tin City" because so many tin cans were unrolled and nailed over the wooden planks that served as sidewalks.<ref name="hist"/>

The Kiser Salt Works, named for owner Ben Kiser and located on the Elm Fork of the Red River was one of the earliest production operations in what would become western Oklahoma.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/> {{efn|The Minerals Handbook suggests that salt production began about 1914 in Harmon County, Oklahoma (originally part of Old Greer County)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jI0oAAAAYAAJ&dq=Kiser+Salt+works&pg=PA302  ''Mineral Resources of the United States for 1914 - Part II.''p.301.] Available on Google Books. Accessed November 3, 2016.</ref>}}

Other early businesses in or around Mangum included the Oklahoma Granite Company, which opened in 1904,  the ''Mangum Star''  newspaper, first published in 1887, and the Mangum Brick Plant, established in 1903 by D. J. Doyle. The newspaper still publishes in the 21st century. The brick plant, now owned by Jed Winters, also still operates and has greatly expanded production.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/>

By statehood, Mangum had a population of 2,672. It had two school buildings, an opera house and a county courthouse later listed in the National Register of Historical Places, NR 85000682. By 1930, the population had expanded to 4,806 (the highest recorded in the U.S. census). Agriculture had largely displaced the old cattle ranches, so the city could also boast of seven cotton gins, one cotton oil mill, one cotton compress, and one flour mill.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/>

The [[Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad]] (aka Rock Island or CRI&P) built a line from [[Chickasha, Oklahoma]] to Mangum in 1900. The [[Wichita Falls and Northwestern Railway]], acquired by the [[Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway]] (also known as M-K-T or Katy) in 1911, operated its own line through Mangum by 1910.<ref name="EOHC-Mangum"/>

Mangum is home to the fourth [[Longest-lasting light bulbs|longest-lasting light bulb]], located in a fire house, according to ''[[Guinness World Records]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Light Bulb Methuselahs: Longest Burning Light Bulbs |url=https://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/28990 |access-date=2022-03-30 |website=RoadsideAmerica.com |language=en}}</ref>

Mangum is the setting for the 2008 movie ''[[Beer for My Horses (film)|Beer for My Horses]]'', starring [[Toby Keith]] and [[Rodney Carrington]].

On May 20, 2019, Western Mangum was hit hard by a destructive [[List of tornadoes in the tornado outbreak sequence of May 2019#May 20 event|EF2 tornado]] during a [[Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2019|tornado outbreak]] that impacted central Oklahoma.

In 2020, during the [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 Pandemic]] Mangum made national news when a local church<ref>{{Cite web|last=scott.rains@swoknews.com|first=Scott Rains|title=Mangum mayor says Tulsa evangelist's March visit before his death probably set off COVID-19 cases in Greer County|url=https://www.swoknews.com/news/mangum-mayor-says-tulsa-evangelists-march-visit-before-his-death-probably-set-off-covid-19/article_d301c1d1-979c-5e37-b49c-d82d12b131d1.html|access-date=2020-07-15|website=The Lawton Constitution|date=April 9, 2020 |language=en}}</ref> was instrumental in spreading COVID-19 throughout the town, resulting in several fatalities. The Mayor at the time, Mary Jane Scott, put the town on lockdown following direction from state governor [[Kevin Stitt]]. After the lockdown was lifted and many states reopened, the safety measures in place in Mangum were also removed.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|1.8|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

[[Lake Altus-Lugert]] is to the east-northeast.<ref name=Google />

===Climate===
Mangum, Oklahoma's climate is humid subtropical ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa'', [[Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]] ''Cf''), giving the area mild winters and hot, humid summers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/mangum/oklahoma/united-states/usok0331|title = Weather averages Mangum, Oklahoma}}</ref> Mangum is in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 7a, strongly suggesting that the coldest night of each year averages between 0&nbsp;°F (-18&nbsp;°C) and 5&nbsp;°F (-15&nbsp;°C).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-oklahoma-2012-usda-plant-zone-hardiness-map.php|title = Oklahoma Interactive 2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map}}</ref>

On February 11, 2017, Mangum reached a high of 99.41&nbsp;°F (37.45&nbsp;°C). This is the Oklahoma state record high for meteorological winter (December through February). What's even more remarkable is that this occurred just three days before snow fell on Mangum.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://weather.com/news/weather/news/mangum-oklahoma-record-heat-99-degrees-snow | title=Mangum, Oklahoma, Goes from Nearly 100 Degrees to Snow in 72 Hours }}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Mangum, Oklahoma (1981-2010 normals)
|collapsed = Y |single line = Y 
|Jan high F = 52
|Feb high F = 56
|Mar high F = 65
|Apr high F = 75
|May high F = 83
|Jun high F = 91
|Jul high F = 96
|Aug high F = 95
|Sep high F = 87
|Oct high F = 76
|Nov high F = 63
|Dec high F = 52
|year high F = 74
|Jan mean F = 39
|Feb mean F = 43
|Mar mean F = 51
|Apr mean F = 60
|May mean F = 75
|Jun mean F = 79
|Jul mean F = 83
|Aug mean F = 82
|Sep mean F = 74
|Oct mean F = 62
|Nov mean F = 50
|Dec mean F = 39
|year mean F = 61
|Jan low F = 25
|Feb low F = 29
|Mar low F = 36
|Apr low F = 45
|May low F = 56
|Jun low F = 66
|Jul low F = 69
|Aug low F = 68
|Sep low F = 60
|Oct low F = 48
|Nov low F = 36
|Dec low F = 26
|year low F = 47
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.00
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.19
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.89
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.45
|May precipitation inch = 3.79
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.33
|Jul precipitation inch = 2.15
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.93
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.86
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.74
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.53
|Dec precipitation inch = 1.08
|year precipitation inch = 27.94
|source 1 = {{cite web|title=Monthly Average Temperatures and Precipitation in Mangum|url=https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/mangum/oklahoma/united-states/usok0331|website=[[U.S. climate data]]|accessdate=May 28, 2021}}
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 3067
|1920= 3405
|1930= 4806
|1940= 4193
|1950= 4271
|1960= 3950
|1970= 4066
|1980= 3833
|1990= 3344
|2000= 2924
|2010= 3010
|2020= 2762
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,924 people, 1,236 households, and 765 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,673.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,553 housing units at an average density of {{convert|888.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 84.44% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 6.74% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.37% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.10% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 4.51% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.84% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 8.41% of the population.

There were 1,236 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 23.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,064, and the median income for a family was $30,547. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $16,198 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $13,392. About 20.2% of families and 24.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 33.3% of those under age 18 and 19.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Arts and culture==
Cultural attractions include the Old Greer County Museum and Pioneer Hall of Fame, which occupies a 1907 hospital building and features over 60 rooms of artifacts relevant to the history of Old Greer County.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.5532|title=Old Greer County Museum & Hall of Fame|publisher =TravelOK.com|access-date=July 12, 2020}}</ref> The hospital was built by Dr. Fowler Border [https://oklahomahof.com/member-archives/b/border-fowler-1932] before Oklahoma reached statehood.

The Margaret Carder Library, founded in 1922, contains 14,318 volumes and circulates 11,794 items per year.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.facebook.com/pg/MargaretCarderLibrary/about/?ref=page_internal |title= Margaret Carder Library Mangum|publisher=Facebook|access-date=July 12, 2020}}</ref>

The annual Mangum Rattlesnake Derby, typically in April, features not only a rattlesnake hunt, but also a festival and large flea market.<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.18581 |title= Mangum Rattlesnake Derby|publisher=TravelOK.com|access-date=July 12, 2020}}</ref>

===Historical Sites===
Locations in Mangum listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Greer County, Oklahoma]] include:
* Downtown Mangum Historic District
* [[Greer County Courthouse]]
* [[Hotel Franklin]]
* Mangum Armory
* Mangum Community Building

==Government==
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2023}}
[[File:US Post office Mangum OK.jpg|thumb|Post office]]
Mangum is governed by a city commission and a City Manager. 
* Mayor - Mary Jane Scott
* Finance Commissioner - Ron Gay
* Police and Fire Commissioner - Marsha Griswold
* Public Highways Commissioner -Travis Reese
* Utility Commissioner - Ronnie Webb are the Trustees of the Mangum Utility Authority and the Trustees of the Mangum Hospital Authority.

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===

====Highways====
Mangum is served by [[U.S. Route 283#Oklahoma|U.S. Route 283]], as well as [[Oklahoma State Highway 34]].<ref name=Google>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Mangum,+OK+73554/@34.8734914,-99.5240078,13.01z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x87ab9fab167dad49:0x6298608ea02ec78f!8m2!3d34.8720044!4d-99.5042561 |title=Mangum, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=July 12, 2020}}</ref> [[Oklahoma State Highway 9]] connects just north of town.<ref name=Google />

====Air====
Mangum has a civil airport named Scott Field located on the western edge of the city, about {{convert|2|miles|km}} from the city center.<ref name="airport">[http://www.cityofmangum.com/Airport.html "Scott Field Municipal Airport." City of Mangum.] Accessed November 4, 2016.</ref>  No scheduled passenger airlines serve this airport.

Commercial air service is available at [[Lawton–Fort Sill Regional Airport]] about 81 miles east-southeast,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Lawton-Fort+Sill+Regional+Airport,+Southwest+11th+Street,+Lawton,+OK/Mangum,+OK+73554/@34.7193619,-99.5163932,9z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x87ad1f5f4fb4e93d:0xc99afe6d3d51b2cc!2m2!1d-98.4155887!2d34.5690812!1m5!1m1!1s0x87ab9fab167dad49:0x6298608ea02ec78f!2m2!1d-99.5042561!2d34.8720044 |title= Lawton–Fort Sill Regional Airport to Mangum, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=January 11, 2021}}</ref> or the larger [[Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport]], about 139 miles to the west-northwest.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Rick+Husband+Amarillo+International+Airport+(AMA),+Airport+Boulevard,+Amarillo,+TX/Mangum,+OK+73554/@35.2011656,-101.745631,8z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x8701362a069a663b:0xcfa7135a56f1d068!2m2!1d-101.7074509!2d35.2203245!1m5!1m1!1s0x87ab9fab167dad49:0x6298608ea02ec78f!2m2!1d-99.5042561!2d34.8720044 |title= Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport to Mangum, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=January 11, 2021}}</ref>

====Rail====
There is no passenger rail service to or from Mangum, There are no traces of track in the city limits of Mangum.

==Notable people==
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 2) Each person MUST meet [[Wikipedia:Bio]] requirements to ensure notability (see [[Wikipedia:Notability]]).
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* [[Margaret Avery]], actress and singer
* [[G. A. Brown]], judge
* [[James P. Garrett]], justice of the [[Oklahoma Court of Civil Appeals]].<ref name = "Obit">[http://legacy.newsok.com/obituaries/oklahoman/obituary.aspx?n=james-garrett&pid=176143006 "James Garrett." ''The Oklahoman''. October 18, 2015.] Accessed May 11, 2018.</ref>
* [[Clyde Hendrick]], dean of [[Texas Tech University]] graduate school.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}
* [[Braden Looper]], professional baseball player
* [[Gale McArthur]], college basketball player
* [[Gary McSpadden]], pastor and award-winning [[Gospel Music Hall of Fame]] singer and producer
* [[Blake Ragsdale Van Leer]], president of [[Georgia Institute of Technology]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://greercountychamber.com Greer County Chamber of Commerce]

{{Greer County, Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Cities in Greer County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:County seats in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1882]]
[[Category:1882 establishments in Indian Territory]]