Editing Madison County, Texas

{{Short description|County in Texas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county       = Madison County
 | state                = Texas
 | seal                 = 
 | founded              = 1854
 | seat wl        = Madisonville
 | largest city wl= Madisonville
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 472
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 466
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 6.4
 | area percentage      = 1.3
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 13455 {{loss}}
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2023
 | population_est       = 
 | density_sq_mi        = 29
 | ex image             = Madison County Texas Courthouse 2019.jpg
 | ex image size        = 250
 | ex image cap         = The [[Madison County Courthouse (Texas)|Madison County Courthouse]] in Madisonville
 | web    = www.co.madison.tx.us
 | time zone           = Central
 | named for = [[James Madison]]
 | district            = 10th }}

[[Image:Madison County, TX, Museum IMG 1020.JPG|250px|right|thumb|The Madison County [[Museum]] in Madisonville]]
[[Image:Bales of rolled hay west of Crockett, TX IMG 1011.JPG|250px|right|thumb|Bales of rolled [[hay]] off [[Texas State Highway 21]] east of Madisonville]]

'''Madison County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Texas]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population was 13,455.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Madison County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48313|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref> Its [[county seat|seat]] is [[Madisonville, Texas|Madisonville]].<ref name="GR6">{{Cite web |title=Find a County |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |publisher=[[National Association of Counties]]}}</ref> The county was created in 1853 and organized the next year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/TX_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|title=Texas: Individual County Chronologies|work=Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries|publisher=[[Newberry Library|The Newberry Library]]|date=2008|access-date=May 25, 2015}}</ref> It is named for [[James Madison]], the fourth [[President of the United States]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gannett|first=Henry|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|year=1905|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n195 196]}}</ref> In 1852, Hillary Mercer Crabb was elected to serve the unexpired term of State Representative F. L. Hatch. Among Crabb's accomplishments as a legislator was the introduction of a bill to create Madison County.

==History==
The current [[Madison County Courthouse (Texas)|Madison County Courthouse]] was built in 1970. It is at least the fifth courthouse to serve Madison County.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hcm01 | title=Madison County | publisher=Texas State Historical Association | access-date=April 12, 2014 | author=Hodges, Ann E.}}</ref> Hillary Mercer Crabb also served as a justice of the peace and chief justice (county judge). In 1852 he was elected to serve the unexpired term of State Representative F. L. Hatch. Among Crabb's accomplishments as a legislator was the introduction of a bill to create Madison County.

== Geography ==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|472|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|466|sqmi}} are land and {{convert|6.4|sqmi}} (1.3%) are covered by water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 4, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref>

The county has three natural borders; its eastern boundary is defined by the [[Trinity River (Texas)|Trinity River]], its western boundary is defined by the [[Navasota River]], and the portion of its southern border adjacent to [[Walker County, Texas|Walker County]] is defined by [[Bedias Creek]].<ref name="handbook">{{Handbook of Texas|id=hcm01|name=Madison County}}. By Ann E. Hodges. Retrieved February 5, 2007.</ref>

===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-45 (TX).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 45]]
* [[Image:US 190.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 190 (Texas)|U.S. Highway 190]]
* [[Image:Texas 21.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 21|State Highway 21]]
* [[Image:Texas 75.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 75|State Highway 75]]
* [[Image:Texas 90.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 90|State Highway 90]]
* [[Image:Texas OSR.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway OSR|State Highway OSR]]
* [[Image:Texas Loop 1853.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway Loop 1853|Loop 1853]]

=== Notes ===
# Loop 1853 will be a relief route for SH 21.

=== Adjacent counties ===
* [[Leon County, Texas|Leon County]] (north)
* [[Houston County, Texas|Houston County]] (northeast)
* [[Walker County, Texas|Walker County]] (southeast)
* [[Grimes County, Texas|Grimes County]] (south)
* [[Brazos County, Texas|Brazos County]] (west)

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|1860= 2238
|1870= 4061
|1880= 5395
|1890= 8512
|1900= 10432
|1910= 10318
|1920= 11956
|1930= 12227
|1940= 12029
|1950= 7996
|1960= 6749
|1970= 7693
|1980= 10649
|1990= 10931
|2000= 12940
|2010= 13664
|2020= 13455
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref>
<br />1850–2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010|publisher=Texas Almanac|access-date=May 4, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Madison County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Madison County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=0500000US48313&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Madison County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US48313&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Madison County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US48313&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|7,801
|8,030
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,984
|60.29%
|58.77%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |51.91%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|2,915
|2,687
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,587
|22.53%
|19.66%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |19.23%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|30
|32
|style='background: #ffffe6; |48
|0.23%
|0.23%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.36%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|50
|77
|style='background: #ffffe6; |101
|0.39%
|0.56%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.75%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|3
|1
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.02%
|0.01%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other Race]] alone (NH)
|5
|4
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11
|0.04%
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.08%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|94
|145
|style='background: #ffffe6; |309
|0.73%
|1.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.30%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|2,042
|2,688
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,415
|15.78%
|19.67%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |25.38%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''12,940'''
|'''13,664'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''13,455'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR8">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=May 14, 2011|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, 12,940 people, 3,914 households, and 2,837 families were residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|28|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|}}. The 4,797 housing units average density {{convert|10|/mi2|/km2|abbr=on}}. The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the county was 66.79% White, 22.87%  African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 7.93% from other races, and 1.72% from two or more races. About 15.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 3,914 households, 31.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.10% were married couples living together, 11.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.50% were not families. About 24.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57, and the average family size was 3.05.

In the county, the age distribution was 21.10% under 18, 13.00% from 18 to 24, 31.90% from 25 to 44, 20.00% from 45 to 64, and 14.00% who were 65 or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 142.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 155.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $29,418, and for a family was $35,779. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $19,777 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $14,056. About 12.30% of families and 15.80% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 20.00% of those under age 18 and 16.30% of those age 65 or over.

==Government and infrastructure==
The [[Ferguson Unit]], a [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] prison for men, is located in an [[unincorporated area]] in the county.<ref name="profile">"[http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/fe.htm Ferguson Unit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725201133/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/fe.htm |date=2010-07-25 }}." [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]. Retrieved on July 16, 2010.</ref>

===Politics===
{{PresHead|place=Madison County, Texas|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|4,498|964|27|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|4,169|1,088|41|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|3,351|881|57|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|3,028|967|33|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|2,891|1,146|37|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|2,837|1,235|29|Texas}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|2,333|1,241|49|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|1,576|1,470|305|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|1,544|1,553|786|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|1,896|1,835|16|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|2,158|1,384|11|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1980|Democratic|1,389|1,583|46|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|1,062|1,885|14|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|1,540|561|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1968|Democratic|608|994|765|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|644|1,298|3|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1960|Democratic|607|909|36|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|733|713|12|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1952|Democratic|692|1,152|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|134|801|199|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|65|1,115|127|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|127|1,434|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|45|1,127|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|20|1,344|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|364|452|0|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1924|Democratic|146|1,592|5|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1920|Democratic|63|650|413|Texas}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|120|730|47|Texas}}
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|37|379|74|Texas}}

==Communities==
===Cities===
* [[Madisonville, Texas|Madisonville]] (county seat)
* [[Midway, Texas|Midway]]

===Town===
* [[Normangee, Texas|Normangee]] (mostly in [[Leon County, Texas|Leon County]])

===Unincorporated community===
* [[North Zulch, Texas|North Zulch]]

==Education==
School districts:
* [[Madisonville Consolidated Independent School District]]
* [[Normangee Independent School District]]
* [[North Zulch Independent School District]]

[[Blinn College]] is the designated community college for all of the county.<ref>[https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm Texas Education Code Sec. 130.168. BLINN JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.]</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Texas}}
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, Texas]]
* [[List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks (Hunt-Martin)#Madison County|Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Madison County]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.co.madison.tx.us/ Madison County government's website]
* {{Handbook of Texas|id=hcm01|name=Madison County}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Madison County, Texas
|North     = [[Leon County, Texas|Leon County]]
|Northeast = [[Houston County, Texas|Houston County]]
|East      =
|Southeast = [[Walker County, Texas|Walker County]]
|South     = [[Grimes County, Texas|Grimes County]]
|Southwest = [[Brazos County, Texas|Brazos County]]
|West      =
|Northwest =
}}

{{Madison County, Texas}}
{{Texas counties}}
{{Texas}}

{{coord|30.97|-95.93|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-TX_source:UScensus1990}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Madison County, Texas| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1854]]
[[Category:1854 establishments in Texas]]