Editing M. A. R. Barker

{{Short description|Linguist, scholar, author and game designer (1929–2012)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name             = M. A. R. Barker
| image            = M. A. R. Barker (1929–2012).jpg
| pseudonym        = Randolph D. Calverhall
| birth_name       = Phillip Barker
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1929|11|3|mf=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Spokane, Washington]], U.S.
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|2012|03|16|1929|11|3|mf=y}}
| death_place      = [[Minneapolis]], Minnesota, U.S.
| occupation       = {{flatlist|
* Linguist
* scholar
* professor
* game designer
* author
}}
| period           = 1949&ndash;2012
| genre            = [[Linguistics]], [[role-playing game]]s, [[fantasy]], [[science fantasy]]
| subject          = 
| movement         = 
| notableworks     = 
| website          = 
| resting_place    = Pleasant View Memorial Gardens (Burnsville, Minnesota)
}}

'''Muhammad Abd-al-Rahman Barker''' (born '''Phillip Barker'''; November 3, 1929&nbsp;– March 16, 2012) was an American linguist who was professor of [[Urdu]] and [[South Asia]]n Studies and created one of the first [[roleplaying games]], ''[[Empire of the Petal Throne]]''. He wrote several [[fantasy]]/[[science fantasy]] novels based in his associated world setting of [[Tékumel]].

Between 1990 and 2002, he was a member of the Editorial Advisory Committee of the ''[[Journal of Historical Review]]'', which advocated [[Holocaust denial]]. In 1991 he published a [[neo-Nazi]] novel, ''[[Serpent's Walk]]'', under the pseudonym '''Randolph D. Calverhall'''.

==Early life==
Born in [[Spokane, Washington]], descended from ancestors who had originally settled in America in 1626, Barker's childhood was spent around Washington and [[Idaho]].<ref name="MARbackground2">{{cite web |last=Barker |first=M.A.R. |date=April 7, 2005 |title=Family Background note by M.A.R. Barker |url=http://games.groups.yahoo.com/group/tekumel/message/18608 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130106024936/http://games.groups.yahoo.com/group/tekumel/message/18608 |archive-date=January 6, 2013 |access-date=October 13, 2009}}</ref> As a youth he had an interest in "fairy stories, history and literature" which would be further influenced by such films as ''[[The Thief of Bagdad (1940 film)|The Thief of Bagdad]]''; all of this helped to turn his casual "wargames" with toy soldiers more towards fantasy. From this, his fictional lands of Tsolyanu and others, in what was later to become [[Tékumel]], emerged and were embellished further in middle and high school years during which time he commenced construction of armies of hand-carved figures to represent his creations. Also at an early age, Barker's interest in languages was piqued by neighboring children of [[Basque Americans|Basque]] origin who were able to exclude others from their secret conversations in their native tongue.<ref name="TSR">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = M.A.R. | author-link = M.A.R. Barker | title = Tsolyani Names Without Tears | journal =[[Strategic Review]] | issue = 4 | pages = 7–9 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | date =Winter 1975 | url = http://www.tekumel.com/downloads/StrategicReviewVol1No4.pdf | access-date =October 13, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Drag4Kask">{{cite journal | last = Kask | first = Tim | author-link = Tim Kask | title = Dragon Rumbles (Editorial) | journal =[[Dragon (magazine)|The Dragon]] | issue = 4 | page = 3 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | date = December 1976 | url = http://www.tekumel.com/downloads/Dragon04.pdf}}</ref>

==Academic life and creative networking==
In and just before 1950, while Barker was studying at the [[University of Washington]] under [[Melville Jacobs]], he became involved with [[science fiction fanzines]], writing articles, short stories and contributing reviews to [[Portland, Oregon|Portland-based]] ''Fanscient'' and to the local clubzine ''Sinisterra'',<ref name="Sinistra">Barker's world, later known as Tékumel, was placed as the fourth planet in the [http://www.constellationsofwords.com/stars/Sinistra.html ''Sinistra''] [[planetary system|system]].</ref> the latter of which contained his review of, and content from, [[Jack Vance]] relating to his recently published book, ''[[The Dying Earth]]''.<ref name="fan09">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = Phillip | title = Egyptian Mythology in Fantastic Literature | journal = Fanscient | issue = 9 | pages = 41–44 | publisher = Donald B. Day | date =Fall 1949 | url = http://sffrd.library.tamu.edu/browse/63660/ | location = Portland, Oregon | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717211812/http://sffrd.library.tamu.edu/browse/63660/ | archive-date = July 17, 2011 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="fan11">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = Phillip | title = The Language Problem | journal = Fanscient | issue = 11 | pages = 28–30 | publisher = Donald B. Day | date =Spring 1950 | url = http://www.fanac.org/fanzines/Fanscient/Fanscient11-28.html | location = Portland, Oregon | access-date = October 13, 2009 | archive-date = December 25, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181225213349/http://www.fanac.org/fanzines/Fanscient/Fanscient11-28.html%20 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="fan12">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = Phillip | title = -and the STRONG Shall INHERIT | journal = Fanscient | issue = 12 | pages = 28–31 | publisher = Donald. B. Day | date =Summer 1950 | url = http://www.fanac.org/fanzines/Fanscient/Fanscient12-28.html | location = Portland, Oregon | access-date = October 13, 2009 | archive-date = December 25, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181225213353/http://www.fanac.org/fanzines/Fanscient/Fanscient12-28.html%20 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="sinis4">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = Phillip | title =An Appreciation of The Dying Earth (with a letter from [[Jack Vance]]) | journal =Sinisterra | issue = 4 | pages = 21–23 | publisher = The Nameless Ones. (Gertrude Carr and Richard Frahm) | date =Winter 1950 | location = Seattle, Washington}}</ref> Also at this time, Barker corresponded with other authors who contributed to those same publications, including [[Lin Carter]] in whose writings and linguistic experiments<ref name="carter">{{cite book | last = Carter | first = Lin | author-link = Lin Carter | year=1949–1950| title=The Tursai os Llani Alphabet and some remarks on Grammar| location=St. Petersburg, Florida}}</ref> he took an interest and with whom he finally put to paper the story line of his own created world.<ref name=PetalThrone>{{cite web|url=http://www.tekumel.com/tektalesTPT.html |title=Tékumel :: The World of the Petal Throne |publisher=Tekumel.com |date=October 18, 2001 |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref><ref name="bar1">{{cite book | last = Barker | first = Phillip | year=1950| pages =1–7| title=A History of the Nations of the Universe| location=Seattle}}</ref><ref name="bar2">{{cite book | last = Barker | first = Phillip | year=1950| pages =1–15| title=Remarks Upon the Ts Solyani (by Messìliu Badàrian)| location=Seattle}}</ref>

He graduated from the University of Washington in 1951.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gilsdorf|first1=Ethan|date=March 20, 2012|title=Gamers Mourn "Lost Tolkien" M.A.R. Barker|magazine=Wired|url=https://www.wired.com/2012/03/lost-tolkien-m-a-r-barker/|access-date=January 11, 2025}}</ref> That year, he received a [[Fulbright Scholarship]] to study the [[languages of India]], and on his first trip to India, converted to [[Islam]]. [[Gary Alan Fine|Gary Fine]] wrote that Barker would attribute his conversion to "purely theological reasons [and that] it seemed like a more logical religion", though Barker himself admitted at the time to an "[unimaginable] feeling of awe and religious ecstasy" upon hearing the recitations of the [[99 Names of Allah]] at the [[Taj Mahal]].<ref name="Fine">{{cite book | title=Shared Fantasy: Role Playing Games As Social Worlds | last=Fine | first=Gary | author-link=Gary Alan Fine | year=1983 | publisher=University of Chicago Press | isbn=0-226-24944-1 | location=Chicago}}</ref><ref name="sinis5">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = Phillip | title =A Letter from Phil Barker/'India Barks' | journal =Sinisterra | volume = 2| issue = 1 | pages = 14–25 | publisher = The Nameless Ones (Gertrude Carr and Richard Frahm) | year = 1951 | location = Seattle, Washington}}</ref>

==Later academic studies and career==
Barker attended the [[University of California, Berkeley]] for graduate studies, writing a dissertation on [[Klamath language]], collecting [[Modoc traditional narratives|traditional myths, legends, tales, and oral histories]] and later publishing a grammar and dictionary on the language.<ref name="bar3">{{cite book | last = Barker | first = M. A. R. | year=1963| pages =7–117| title=Klamath Texts. University of California Publications in Linguistics (No. 30) | publisher= [[University of California]] | location=Berkeley}} (21 Klamath myths collected in 1955-1957)</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.language-archives.org/language/kla |title=OLAC resources in and about the Klamath-Modoc language |publisher=Language-archives.org |date=February 8, 2011 |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>

He taught at the Institute of Islamic Studies at [[McGill University]] from around 1958/59 until 1972 and became active in the development of Urdu and Baluchi instruction materials for English-speaking students following a period of two years from 1960 when he was attached to the [[University of the Punjab]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Rehman | first = Mumtazul Haque | date=July 2004 |title= The Story of Indo-Pakistani Muslim Community in Montreal, Quebec |url= https://mrsp.mcgill.ca/reports/pdfs/MuslimHistory.pdf | website=Montreal Religious Sites Project | publisher=McGill University  |access-date= January 11, 2025}}</ref> Some of these were still recommended university course study materials as of 2010.<ref>{{cite web | last = Pritchett | first = Frances |title= Readings in Urdu Literature (Spring 2010 Syllabus) |url= http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00fwp/readings_course.html |publisher= [[Columbia University]] |access-date= October 14, 2009}}</ref> From 1972 he moved to teach at the [[University of Minnesota]] in [[Minneapolis]], where he chaired the Department of South Asian studies until his retirement in the early 1990s; a few years after, the department was disbanded due to reduced funding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voices.cla.umn.edu/artistpages/junghareIndira.php |title=Indira Junghare: Voices From the Gaps: University of Minnesota |publisher=Voices.cla.umn.edu |date=December 3, 2012 |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>

==Tékumel==
While at Berkeley, Barker had not set aside his world creation project. Indeed, despite stepping back from an active role in [[science fiction fandom]],<ref>{{cite web | last = Raymond | first = Victor |title= A Brief History of Roleplaying Games |date= 1994 |url= http://www.darkshire.net/~jhkim/rpg/whatis/history/earlyhistory.html |access-date= October 14, 2009}}</ref> he had commenced "proto-gaming" with a group of like-minded science fiction fans including fellow linguist [[William F. Shipley|Bill Shipley]]<ref>{{cite book | last = Lamb | first = Sydney M. |author2=Webster, Jonathan | year= 2004 | page = 23 | title= Language and Reality (Open Linguistics)| publisher= Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd. | location= London & New York | isbn= 0-8264-6820-9 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=vrlPUxB2_JwC }}</ref> and Victor Golla, producing elaborate documents to support the exploration of that shared world.<ref name="Drag4Cover">{{cite journal | last = Barker | first = M. A. R. | title = Land grant to the Shipali Family of the Protectorate of Kerunan (Cover) | journal =[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] | issue = 4 | page = 1 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | date = December 1976 }}</ref>

Having watched the ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'' games started by Mike Mornard, one of the original testers for D&D, when Mornard moved to Minneapolis from [[Lake Geneva, Wisconsin]], Barker resolved to create his own ruleset based on his own created world and the game mechanics from D&D. After six weeks, this was self-published in August 1974 as ''[[Empire of the Petal Throne]]'' and play commenced forthwith, including such occasional members as [[Dave Arneson]] – who singled out Barker and Tékumel as being his favorite [[Dungeon Master]] and roleplaying game, respectively – from early days.<ref name="Spiegel">{{cite magazine | last = Lischka | first = Konrad |title= Der vergessene Tolkien |trans-title= The Forgotten Tolkien |magazine= [[Der Spiegel]] |date= October 6, 2009 |url=http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/spielzeug/0,1518,649336,00.html |access-date= October 13, 2009}} [http://www.dragonsfoot.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=38708&p=791084#p791084 (English translation)]</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Interview with Dave Arneson | journal =Fight On! | issue = 2 | pages = 63–64 | publisher = Ignatius Umlaut | date =Summer 2008 }}</ref>

Once [[Gary Gygax]]'s attention had been drawn to Barker's work, it was decided that [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] would publish a revised version of the game mechanics along with a condensed version of his [[campaign setting]]. ''Empire of the Petal Throne'' was published by TSR in August 1975 for [[Gen Con]] VIII, making it the third role-playing game from TSR.<ref name="designers">{{Cite book|author=Shannon Appelcline|title=Designers & Dragons|publisher=Mongoose Publishing|year=2011| isbn= 978-1-907702-58-7}}</ref>{{rp|8}} In a December 1976 editorial for ''[[Dragon (magazine)|The Dragon]]'' magazine, editor Tim Kask drew comparisons between the world of Tékumel and [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]] not in terms of literature created, nor that his work was derivative of Tolkien's, but rather regarding the in-depth detail in the setting, mythos and linguistic backgrounds and concluded that "In terms of development of detail, I think EPT [Empire of the Petal Throne] has it over Middle Earth in the matters that most concern gamers"<ref name=Drag4Kask/> since it had been developed by a "wargamer", whereas Tolkien had no such background and having died prior to the release of D&D was thus unable to address this new pastime personally.<ref name="EPT">{{cite book | last = Barker | first = M. A. R. | year=1975| title=Empire of the Petal Throne | publisher= [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location=[[Lake Geneva, Wisconsin]]| asin=B000G9WH5Q }}</ref>

Barker disliked the limited support TSR gave to the setting, and after 1977 he took his Tékumel setting back from TSR and ultimately brought it from one publisher to another: Imperium Publishing (1978), [[Adventure Games]] (1981), [[Gamescience]] (1983–1984), Tékumel Games (1983–1986), [[Different Worlds Publications]] (1987–1988), TOME (1991–1994), Tita's House of Games (1997–2002), Zottola Publishing (2002–2003), and [[Guardians of Order]] (2005).<ref name="designers"/>{{rp|8}} Barker had a personal friendship with Dave Arneson, which led to Arnesons's company Adventures Games releasing several books for Tékumel, such as army lists, maps and reference material.<ref name="designers"/>{{rp|39}} DAW published the novel ''[[The Man of Gold (novel)|The Man of Gold]]'' (July 1984) by Barker, which took place in Tékumel.<ref name="designers"/>{{rp|238}} His second novel, ''[[Flamesong]]'' (1985), was also published by DAW.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.blackgate.com/2012/03/30/mar-barker-nov-3-1929-march-16-2012/ | title=M.A.R. Barker, Nov 3 1929 – March 16, 2012 – Black Gate | date=March 30, 2012 }}</ref>

Despite having had a head start on other in-depth campaign settings and seeing his game released no less than four times with various supplements and magazine articles, many of which he contributed to, and having authored five books using the same setting, Barker's Tékumel in both roleplaying and literary domains is still well known to only a relatively small audience, leading German magazine ''[[Der Spiegel]]'' in 2009 to publish an article on Barker's life entitled "{{lang|de|italics=no|Der vergessene Tolkien}}" ("The forgotten Tolkien"). The article quotes friends and acquaintances who posit that this may be, at least in part, due to the unfamiliarity of the setting<ref name="EoASW4">{{cite journal | last = Brady | first = Patrick | title = You're not in Kansas anymore | journal =The Eye of All-Seeing Wonder | issue = 4 | page = 3 | publisher = Dave Morris | date =Spring 1995 | url = http://www.tekumel.com/eoasw4_02.html | access-date = October 14, 2009}}</ref> compared with Western society, echoing Fine's observations from 1983, and possibly even that Tékumel was released to the gaming world too early on, when players had only just started to experiment with their own invented worlds rather than fitting their play into preconfigured, non-literary domains with novel backgrounds.<ref name="Fine"/><ref name=Spiegel/>

In 2008, Barker founded the Tékumel Foundation along with many of his long-time players "to support and protect the literary works and all related products and activities surrounding [his] world of Tékumel and the Empire of the Petal Throne." The Foundation acts as his literary executor.<ref name=Spiegel/><ref name=AuthorizationLetter>{{cite letter|last1=Barker|first1=M. A. R.|subject=The Tékumel Foundation|recipient=Whom It May Concern|date=August 4, 2010|url=http://www.tekumelfoundation.org/authorizationletter.pdf|access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref>

==''Serpent's Walk'' and Holocaust denial==
Barker wrote a sixth novel, ''[[Serpent's Walk]]'', under the pseudonym Randolph D. Calverhall.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Horvath |first=Stu |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ArKmEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22serpent%27s+walk%22+barker&pg=PR14 |title=Monsters, Aliens, and Holes in the Ground: A Guide to Tabletop Roleplaying Games from D&D to Mothership |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |year=2023 |isbn=978-0-262-04822-4 |page=xiv |language=en |chapter=Introduction |access-date=January 22, 2025 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Randolph D. Calverhall is an allusion to one of Barker's ancestors, and the book is attributed to him in a library catalog.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Inloes |first=Amina |date=2018 |title=Muhammad Abd al-Rahman (Phillip) Barker: Bridging Cultural Divides through Fantasy/Science-Fiction Role-Playing Games and Fictional Religion |journal=[[The Muslim World]] |language=en |volume=108 |issue=3 |pages=387–418 |doi=10.1111/muwo.12225 |issn=1478-1913}}</ref> ''Serpent's Walk'' is a [[science fiction]] story,<ref name=":4" /> presenting an [[alternate history]] in which [[Schutzstaffel|SS soldiers]] begin an underground resistance after the end of [[World War II]]. A hundred years later, their descendants take over the United States of America.<ref name=":0" /> The book's protagonist becomes the {{Lang|de|Führer}} and worldwide dictator of the Fourth Reich.<ref name=":3" /> The book espouses the belief in an [[international Jewish conspiracy]],<ref name=":4" /> suggests the solution to the "[[Jewish question]]" is [[genocide]], and extensively quotes ''[[Mein Kampf]]''.<ref name=":3" /> The novel was published in 1991 by National Vanguard Books, the book publishing division of the neo-Nazi group the [[National Alliance (United States)|National Alliance]], which published white supremacist and neo-Nazi material including ''[[The Turner Diaries]]''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Gomel |first=Elana |date=2000 |title=The Plague of Utopias: Pestilence and the Apocalyptic Body |journal=Twentieth Century Literature |language=en |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=405–433 |doi=10.2307/827840 |issn=0041-462X |jstor=827840}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Gomel |first=Elana |date=December 2000 |title=Aliens Among Us: Fascism and Narrativity |journal=[[Journal of Narrative Theory]] |language=en |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=127–162 |doi=10.1353/jnt.2011.0005 |issn=1548-9248}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Berger |first=J.M. |author-link=J.M. Berger |date=2016 |title=The Turner Legacy: The Storied Origins and Enduring Impact of White Nationalism's Deadly Bible |journal=[[International Centre for Counter-Terrorism]] |location=The Hague |language=en |volume=7 |issue=8 |doi=10.19165/2016.1.11 |doi-access=free}}</ref> 

Between 1990 and 2002, Barker also served as a member of the Editorial Advisory Committee of the ''[[Journal of Historical Review]]'', a journal that advocates [[Holocaust denial]] and revisionist [[pseudohistory]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2, 2017 |title=Editorial Advisory Committee |url=https://vho.org/GB/Journals/JHR/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518162602/http://vho.org:80/GB/Journals/JHR/index.html |archive-date=May 18, 2021 |access-date=March 21, 2022 |website=[[The Journal of Historical Review]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Dowdy-YouthMusicAgency">{{cite thesis |last=de Araújo Magalhães |first=Luiz Paulo |title=Intelectuais de extrema-direita e o negacionismo do Holocausto: o caso do Institute for Historical Review (IHR) |date=2019 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |type=Post-graduate |publisher=Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro |url=https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/bitstream/jspui/5130/2/2019%20-%20Luiz%20Paulo%20de%20Ara%C3%BAjo%20Magalh%C3%A3es.pdf |page=78 |lang=pt-br |trans-title=Far-Right Intellectuals and Holocaust Denialism: The Case of the Institute for Historical Review (IHR)}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> In March 2022, the Tékumel Foundation confirmed Barker's authorship of ''Serpent's Walk'' and association with the ''Journal of Historical Review''. The Foundation repudiated Barker's views in the novel, from which it does not receive royalties, and apologized for not acknowledging its authorship earlier.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-23 |title=The Tékumel Foundation's Board of Directors Statement on Serpent's Walk. |url=https://www.tekumelfoundation.org/post/the-tekumel-foundations-board-of-directors-statement-on-serpents-walk |access-date=2025-01-24 |website=Tékumel Foundation |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

==Death==

Barker died in [[hospice|home hospice]] on March 16, 2012. He was survived by his wife, Ambereen.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Gaming Giant M. A. R. Barker Dead At 83|magazine=[[Forbes]]|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidewalt/2012/03/17/mar-barker-dies-tekumel/|date=March 17, 2012|access-date=March 17, 2012}}</ref><ref name=":2" />

==Partial bibliography==

===Language texts===
Barker studied various languages academically and helped author and co-author various publications relating to some of those, including the following:

Published by the [[University of California Press]]:
{{Refbegin|2}}
* Klamath Texts (1963)
* Klamath Dictionary (1963)
* Klamath Grammar (1964)
{{Refend}}
Published by the [[McGill University Institute of Islamic Studies]]:
{{Refbegin|2}}
* A Course in Urdu (1967)
* An Urdu Newspaper Reader (1968)
* A Reader of Modern Urdu Poetry (1968)
* A Course in Baluchi (1969)
{{Refend}}

===Roleplaying===
Tékumel has spawned five professionally published roleplaying games over the course of the years. It was also reportedly<!-- Tekumel mailing list, 2016-03-12 --> a major influence on other creations such as ''[[Hârn]]'' and the ''[[Skyrealms of Jorune]]''.
{{Refbegin|2}}
* ''Empire of the Petal Throne'' (1975) as a boxed set by [[TSR, Inc.]]<ref name="EPT"/> following earlier self-publication in 1974,<ref name=Spiegel/> and reprinted later as a single book by [[Different Worlds]] in 1987.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tekumel.com/gaming_rulesEPT.html |title=Tékumel :: The World of the Petal Throne |publisher=Tekumel.com |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>
* ''Swords & Glory'' (1983/4) in two volumes by [[Gamescience]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tekumel.com/gaming_rulesSAG.html |title=Tékumel :: The World of the Petal Throne |publisher=Tekumel.com |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>
* ''[[Tékumel|Gardásiyal: Adventures on Tékumel]]'' (1994) by [[Theatre of the Mind Enterprises]]; with Neil R. Cauley.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tekumel.com/gaming_rulesG.html |title=Tékumel :: The World of the Petal Throne |publisher=Tekumel.com |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>
* ''Tekumel: Empire of the Petal Throne'' (2005) by [[Guardians of Order]]; by various, with M.A.R. Barker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tekumel.com/gaming_rulesTEPT.html |title=Tékumel :: The World of the Petal Throne |publisher=Tekumel.com |access-date=April 25, 2013}}</ref>
* ''Bethorm: The Plane of Tékumel'' (2014) by [[UNIGames]]; by Jeff Dee and M.A.R. Barker.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bethorm.com/?p=299 |title=Bethorm :: The Plane of Tékumel |publisher=bethorm.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204205532/http://bethorm.com/?p=299 |archive-date=February 4, 2015 }}</ref>
{{Refend}}

===Novels===
Barker wrote five novels set in the world of Tékumel - in chronological reading order these are:
{{Refbegin|2}}
# ''[[The Man of Gold (novel)|The Man of Gold]]'' (1984)
# ''[[Flamesong]]'' (1985)
# ''Lords of Tsámra'' (2003)
# ''Prince of Skulls'' (2002)
# ''A Death of Kings'' (2003)
{{Refend}}

===Novels (non-Tékumel)===
{{Refbegin|2}}
# ''[[Serpent's Walk]]'' (1991)
{{Refend}}

==See also==
*[[Tsolyáni language]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.tekumel.com/ Official Tékumel website]
*[http://www.weirdrealm.com/tekumel/ Brett Slocum's Tékumel Site (last updated 2013)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081015130819/http://games.groups.yahoo.com/group/tekumel/ Tékumel Discussion Group - participants include Prof. Barker and regular players in his "Thursday Night Group"]
* {{isfdb name}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990823022453/http://scifan.com/writers/bb/BarkerMAR.asp Bibliography] on SciFan
*[http://www.sfbookcase.com/author.asp?authorid=1343 Bibliography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128072128/https://www.sfbookcase.com/author.asp?authorid=1343 |date=January 28, 2021 }} on SFBookcase.com

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barker, M. A. R.}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century American novelists]]
[[Category:American fantasy writers]]
[[Category:Linguists from the United States]]
[[Category:American Holocaust deniers]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American neo-Nazis]]
[[Category:Muslims from Minnesota]]
[[Category:Converts to Islam]]
[[Category:Linguists of Klamath]]
[[Category:Role-playing game designers]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century American male writers]]
[[Category:Constructed language creators]]
[[Category:University of Washington alumni]]