Editing Lyman County, South Dakota

{{short description|County in South Dakota, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county             = Lyman County
 | state              = South Dakota
 | ex image           = Lower brule reservation2 sd.jpg
 | ex image size      = 220px
 | ex image cap       = [[Lower Brule Indian Reservation]]
 | seal               = 
 | founded year       = 1893
 | seat wl            = Kennebec
 | largest city wl    = Lower Brule
 | city type          = community
 | area_total_sq_mi   = 1707
 | area_land_sq_mi    = 1642
 | area_water_sq_mi   = 65
 | area percentage    = 3.8
 | population_as_of   = 2020
 | population_total   = 3718
 | pop_est_as_of      = 2024
 | population_est     = 3721 {{increase}}
 | density_sq_mi      = auto
 | time zone          = Central
 | web                = www.lymancounty.org
 | named for          = W. P. Lyman
 | district           = At-large
}}

'''Lyman County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[South Dakota]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 3,718.<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/lymancountysouthdakota/PST045224 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=March 21, 2024}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Kennebec, South Dakota|Kennebec]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref>

Lyman County was created by the Dakota Territorial Legislature on January 8, 1873, but was not organized until May 21, 1893. Its boundaries were altered in 1891, 1897, 1898, and 1916.<ref name=ICC>[https://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/DAKs_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm Individual County Chronologies/Lyman County (accessed February 5, 2019)]</ref> The county was named for W. P. Lyman, a politician.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gannett|first=Henry|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|year=1905|publisher=US Government Printing Office|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n191 192]}}</ref>

==History==
Lyman County was created in 1873 and organized in 1893.<ref name=ICC/> Oacoma served as its first county seat in 1891; in 1922 the seat was transferred to Kennebec.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=REtEXQNWq6MC&pg=PA994|title=Historical Gazetteer of the United States|publisher=Routledge|date=May 13, 2013|access-date=November 30, 2013|author=Hellmann, Paul T.| pages=994|isbn=978-1135948597}}</ref>

==Geography==
Lyman County is bordered on the north and east by the [[Missouri River]], which flows southerly along its edge, and the western portion of its south line is also delineated by the [[White River (Missouri River tributary)|White River]], which then continued flowing eastward through the county's eastern area to discharge into the Missouri. Its upper central portion is drained by the Bad Horse Creek, which discharges into the Missouri near the midpoint of the county's north boundary.

The county terrain consists of rolling hills, sloping to the river drainages. Its area is largely devoted to agriculture.<ref name="LCSD">{{Cite web |title=Lyman County · South Dakota |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Lyman+County,+SD/@43.8587869,-100.1045188,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8781b2fcb84ce8fb:0x22ba8caf50a99924!8m2!3d43.9016694!4d-99.8124935 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Google Maps |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.daftlogic.com/sandbox-google-maps-find-altitude.htm |title="Find an Altitude" Google Maps (accessed February 5, 2019) |access-date=February 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521043409/https://www.daftlogic.com/sandbox-google-maps-find-altitude.htm |archive-date=May 21, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The county has a total area of {{convert|1707|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1642|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|65|sqmi}} (3.8%) is water.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_46.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 28, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref>

===Major highways===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* [[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 90 in South Dakota|Interstate 90]]
* [[Image:US 83.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 83 in South Dakota|U.S. Highway 83]]
* [[Image:US 183.svg|23px]] [[U.S. Route 183 in South Dakota|U.S. Highway 183]]
* [[Image:SD 47.svg|20px]] [[South Dakota Highway 47]]
* [[Image:SD 49.svg|20px]] [[South Dakota Highway 49]]
* [[Image:SD 53.svg|20px]] [[South Dakota Highway 53]]
* [[Image:SD 273.svg|23px]] [[South Dakota Highway 273]]
* [[Image:SD 1806.svg|23px]] [[South Dakota Highway 1806]]
{{div col end}}

===Transit===
* [[Jefferson Lines]]

===Adjacent counties===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
[[File:ISS067-E-174797.jpg Confluence of the White and Missouri rivers at the border of Lyman-Brule county border in South Dakota.jpg|thumb|Confluence of the White and Missouri rivers at the Lyman–Brule county border, taken on July 4, 2022, from the International Space Station]]
* [[Hughes County, South Dakota|Hughes County]] - north
* [[Hyde County, South Dakota|Hyde County]] - northeast
* [[Buffalo County, South Dakota|Buffalo County]] - northeast
* [[Brule County, South Dakota|Brule County]] - east
* [[Charles Mix County, South Dakota|Charles Mix County]] - southeast
* [[Gregory County, South Dakota|Gregory County]] - south
* [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]] - south
* [[Mellette County, South Dakota|Mellette County]] - southwest
* [[Jones County, South Dakota|Jones County]] - west
* [[Stanley County, South Dakota|Stanley County]] - northwest
{{div col end}}

===Protected areas===
Source:<ref name=LCSD/>
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* Brakke State Game Production Area
* Brye Bottom State Game Production Area
* Bull Creek State Game Production Area
* Carpenter State Game Production Area
* Cedar Creek Recreation Area
* Counselor Creek Recreation Area
* Dude Ranch State Lakeside Use Area
* Fate Dam State Game Production Aea
* [[Fort Pierre National Grassland]] (part)
* Good Soldier Creek Recreation Area
* Iona State Game Production Area
* Iron Nation Recreation Area
* Lindely State Game Production Area
* Lower Brule Recreation Area
* Narrows Recreation Area
* Neugebauer State Game Production Area
* Reis Bottom State Game Production Area
* Salzmann State Game Production Area
{{div col end}}

===Lakes===
* [[Lake Francis Case]] (part)
* [[Lake Sharpe]] (part)

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 124
|1890= 233
|1900= 2632
|1910= 10848
|1920= 6591
|1930= 6335
|1940= 5045
|1950= 4572
|1960= 4428
|1970= 4060
|1980= 3864
|1990= 3638
|2000= 3895
|2010= 3755
|2020= 3718
|estyear=2024
|estimate=3721
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2024">{{cite web|title=County Population Totals and Components of Change: 2020-2024 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=March 15, 2025}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Decennial Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 20, 2014}}</ref><br>1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|title=Historical Census Browser |url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu |publisher=University of Virginia Library |url-status=live |date=2007 |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212224028/http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/ |archive-date=December 12, 2009}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|last=Forstall |first=Richard L. |title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/sd190090.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |url-status=live |date=March 27, 1995 |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990219135447/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/sd190090.txt |archive-date=February 19, 1999}}</ref><br>1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |url-status=live |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010}}</ref> 2010–2020<ref name="QF"/>
}}

===2020 census===
As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], there were 3,718 people, 1,303 households, and 892 families residing in the county.<ref>{{Cite web|title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: Household Type |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Lyman%20County,%20South%20Dakota%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=March 21, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> The [[population density]] was {{convert|2.3|PD/sqmi}}. There were 1,546 housing units.

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], there were 3,755 people, 1,392 households, and 967 families in the county. The population density was {{convert|2.3|PD/sqmi}}. There were 1,704 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1.04|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the county was 58.3% white, 38.2% American Indian, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% black or African American, 0.1% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.1% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 27.3% were [[Germans|German]], 9.2% were [[Irish people|Irish]], 9.1% were [[Norwegians|Norwegian]], and 1.0% were [[Americans|American]].

Of the 1,392 households, 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.5% were non-families, and 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.19. The median age was 36.1 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,323 and the median income for a family was $45,045. Males had a median income of $32,760 versus $25,512 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,930. About 17.4% of families and 18.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 25.4% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

==Communities==
===City===
* [[Presho, South Dakota|Presho]]

===Towns===
* [[Kennebec, South Dakota|Kennebec]] (county seat)
* [[Oacoma, South Dakota|Oacoma]]
* [[Reliance, South Dakota|Reliance]]

===Census-designated places===
* [[Lower Brule, South Dakota|Lower Brule]]
* [[Vivian, South Dakota|Vivian]]
* [[West Brule, South Dakota|West Brule]]

===Other unincorporated communities===
Source:<ref name=LCSD/>
* [[Iona, South Dakota|Iona]]
* [[Lyman, South Dakota|Lyman]]

===Townships===
{{div col|colwidth=28em}}
*Bailey
*Butte
*Dorman
*Fairland
*Iona
*Morningside
*Oacoma
*Pleasant
*Pratt
*Reliance
*Rex
*Rose
*Rowe
*Sioux
*Stony Butte
{{div col end}}

===Unorganized territories===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* Black Dog
* Lafayette
* Lower Brule
* McClure
* Northwest Lyman
* South Lyman
{{div col end}}

==Politics==
Lyman County voters have been Republican for decades. In no national election has the county selected a Democratic Party candidate since 1964, although [[Jimmy Carter]], [[Michael Dukakis]], [[Bill Clinton]], [[John Kerry]], and [[Barack Obama]] have all managed to exceed forty percent. When Hillary Clinton ran on the Democratic ticket in 2016, she won 26 percent of the county's vote, for the lowest Democratic result since [[Alton B. Parker]] in 1904 (22 percent).
{{PresHead|place=Lyman County, South Dakota|whig=no|source1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Atlas of US Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 15, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP/Whig vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|993|422|32|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|1,042|525|30|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|977|369|75|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|933|605|31|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|894|710|37|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|1,029|872|39|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|875|482|29|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|726|646|151|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|669|486|325|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|843|631|6|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|1,120|478|7|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|1,256|486|136|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|892|831|16|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|1,166|774|4|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|1,063|643|131|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|862|1,057|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|1,166|852|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|1,151|873|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|1,561|666|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|993|904|15|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|867|630|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|1,409|1,105|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|1,090|1,321|29|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|811|1,879|40|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|1,488|1,222|8|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|1,061|387|947|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|1,050|463|248|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|981|1,052|116|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1912|Progressive|0|766|1,159|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|1,524|1,183|162|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|986|306|49|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|429|210|5|South Dakota}}
{{PresFoot|1896|Republican|114|78|1|South Dakota}}

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Lyman County, South Dakota]]
* [[USS Lyman County (LST-903)|USS ''Lyman County'' (LST-903)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Lyman County, South Dakota}}
* [http://www.lcherald.com/ Lyman County Herald]
* [http://www.lymancounty.org/ Lyman County website]

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Lyman County, South Dakota
|North     = [[Hughes County, South Dakota|Hughes County]]
|Northeast = [[Hyde County, South Dakota|Hyde County]] and [[Buffalo County, South Dakota|Buffalo County]]
|East      = [[Brule County, South Dakota|Brule County]]
|Southeast = [[Charles Mix County, South Dakota|Charles Mix County]]
|South     = [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]] and [[Gregory County, South Dakota|Gregory County]]
|Southwest = [[Mellette County, South Dakota|Mellette County]]
|West      = [[Jones County, South Dakota|Jones County]]
|Northwest = [[Stanley County, South Dakota|Stanley County]]
}}

{{Lyman County, South Dakota}}
{{South Dakota}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|43.90|-99.85|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-SD_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Lyman County, South Dakota| ]]
[[Category:South Dakota counties on the Missouri River]]
[[Category:1893 establishments in South Dakota]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1893]]