Editing Lyman Bostock

{{Short description|American baseball player (1950–1978)}}
{{About|Lyman Bostock Jr., the former Major League Baseball outfielder|his father, who played in the [[Negro league baseball|Negro leagues]]|Lyman Bostock Sr.}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox baseball biography
|name=Lyman Bostock
|image=File:Lyman Bostock with the Minnesota Twins in 1975.jpg
|caption=Bostock in 1975
|position=[[Outfielder]]
|bats=Left
|throws=Right
|birth_date={{Birth date|1950|11|22}}
|birth_place=[[Birmingham, Alabama]], U.S.
|death_date={{Death date and age|1978|9|24|1950|11|22}}
|death_place=[[Gary, Indiana]], U.S.
|debutleague = MLB
|debutdate=April 8
|debutyear=1975
|debutteam=Minnesota Twins
|finalleague = MLB
|finaldate=September 23
|finalyear=1978
|finalteam=California Angels
|statleague = MLB
|stat1label=[[Batting average (baseball)|Batting average]]
|stat1value=.311
|stat2label=[[Home run]]s
|stat2value=23
|stat3label=[[Run batted in|Runs batted in]]
|stat3value=250
|teams=
* [[Minnesota Twins]] ({{mlby|1975}}–{{mlby|1977}})
* [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim|California Angels]] ({{mlby|1978}})
}}
'''Lyman Wesley Bostock Jr.''' (November 22, 1950 – September 24, 1978) was an American professional [[baseball]] player.  He played [[Major League Baseball]] for four seasons, as an outfielder for the [[Minnesota Twins]] {{nowrap|([[1975 Minnesota Twins season|1975]]–[[1977 Minnesota Twins season|77]])}} and [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim|California Angels]] ([[1978 California Angels season|1978]]), with a lifetime average of .311.  He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.

Bostock was shot and mortally wounded while riding as a passenger in a vehicle in his hometown of [[Gary, Indiana]], on September 23, 1978, hours after playing against the [[Chicago White Sox]] earlier in the day. He died at 1:30 a.m. the next day.

His shooter was sentenced to a psychiatric hospital and released after seven months.<ref name=reagtwof>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Hh8rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hKAFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4219%2C3585194 |work=Reading Eagle |location=(Pennsylvania) |agency=Associated Press|title=Twist of fate ended Bostock's life |date=September 25, 1978 |page=25}}</ref><ref name=strvicsdc>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=brIvAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GPkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3680%2C2384207 |work=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=(Washington) |agency=Associated Press |title=Angels' star victim|date=September 25, 1978 |page=21}}</ref> After the shooter's release, Indiana legislators introduced the [[guilty but mentally ill]] plea so that mentally ill people would serve prison time after being released from inpatient mental health treatment.

==Early life==
Born in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], Bostock was the son of Annie Pearl Bostock and [[Lyman Bostock Sr.]] (1918–2005), a [[Negro leagues]] professional baseball star from 1938 to 1954 as a first baseman. Pearl and Bostock Sr. split when Bostock Jr. was a young child, with Pearl relocating with her son first to [[Gary, Indiana]], in 1954. In 1958, the two again relocated, this time to [[Los Angeles]]. The younger Bostock remained estranged from his father for the remainder of his life, feeling that his father had abandoned him.

At one point during his youth, Bostock's baseball glove was stolen. With his mother unable to afford to purchase another, he had to use a glove given to him by a friend of the family. However, the donated glove was for left-handed fielders. Bostock's discomfort in catching fly balls with the hand he was unaccustomed to using led him to begin making basket catches at that time. The habit stayed with him and he frequently made basket catches of fly balls for the remainder of {{nowrap|his life.}}
"When I was 8 years old, my mother bought me my first glove," Bostock had recalled. "But someone stole it the next day. My mother wasn't about to buy me another one. But a friend of hers at work gave her a replacement. Unfortunately, it was a left-hander's model and I'm right-handed. Since it was the only glove I had, I had to use it. It was the only way I could catch the ball. It became a habit, and I still have it."<ref name="sabr.org">{{Cite web|title=Lyman Bostock {{!}} Society for American Baseball Research|url=https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/9bb77e84|website=sabr.org|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>

Bostock played baseball at [[Manual Arts High School]] in Los Angeles, then attended San Fernando Valley State College (now [[California State University, Northridge]] (CSUN)). It was there that he met Yuovene Brooks, who would become his wife. Bostock did not play baseball during his first two years of college, choosing instead to become involved in student activism. Nonetheless, he was selected in the [[1970 Major League Baseball draft|1970 amateur draft]] by the [[1970 St. Louis Cardinals season|St. Louis Cardinals]].

"What you saw is what you got from Lyman," said Bob Hiegert, Bostock's college coach at Cal State Northridge. "There was nothing hidden about Lyman. He wore his heart on his sleeve."<ref name="latimes.com">{{Cite web|title=One athlete who didn't just talk about giving back|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-apr-22-sp-crowe22-story.html|date=2008-04-22|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>

Bostock chose not to sign, stayed in college, and began playing baseball for Coach Hiegert and the [[Cal State Northridge Matadors baseball|Matadors]]. He was an all-conference player in the [[California Collegiate Athletic Association]] in both of his seasons at San Fernando Valley, hitting .344 as a junior and .296 as a senior, leading the Matadors to a second-place finish at the [[NCAA Division II baseball tournament|Division II College World Series]] in 1972. He was selected by the [[1972 Minnesota Twins season|Twins]] in the 26th round (596th overall) of the [[1972 Major League Baseball draft|1972 amateur draft]] and decided to turn professional, just 15 credits short of finishing his bachelor's degree.

==Baseball career ==

===Minor leagues (1972-1974)===
Bostock's minor league stops were with the Class A [[Charlotte Twins]] in 1972; the Class AA [[Orlando Twins]] in 1973, and the Class AAA [[Tacoma Twins]] in 1974.  His batting averages for those years were .294, .313, and .333, respectively. In 1975, he was hitting .391 after 22 games and 92 at bats with Tacoma when the Minnesota Twins called him up.<ref name="baseball-reference.com">{{Cite web|title=Lyman Bostock Stats|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/b/bostoly01.shtml|website=Baseball-Reference.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>

===Minnesota Twins (1975-1977)===
Bostock was promoted to the major leagues in April 1975, making his major league debut on April 8, when he was 1-for-4 with two walks and three runs scored in an 11–4 Twins win over the {{nowrap|[[1975 Texas Rangers season|Texas Rangers]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1975/B04080TEX1975.htm |title=Minnesota Twins 11, Texas Rangers 4 |website=[[Retrosheet]] |date=April 8, 1975}}</ref>}} For the season, he batted .282 in 98 games for Minnesota (and .391 in 22 games for the [[Tacoma Rainiers|Tacoma Twins]] in the [[Pacific Coast League]]).

A fine defensive [[center fielder]], Bostock finished fourth in the tight [[American League]] [[batting average (baseball)|batting]] race in [[1976 Minnesota Twins|1976]], his first full season in the majors. He hit .323, finishing behind the [[1976 Kansas City Royals season|Kansas City Royals]]' [[George Brett (baseball)|George Brett]] (.333) and [[Hal McRae]] (.332), and teammate [[Rod Carew]] (.331). Bostock [[Hitting for the cycle|hit for the cycle]] on July 24, in a 17–2 Twins victory over the [[Chicago White Sox]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1976/B07240CHA1976.htm |title=Minnesota Twins 17, Chicago White Sox 2 |website=[[Retrosheet]] |date=July 24, 1976}}</ref>

In 1977, Bostock's .336 batting average was second only to the .388 of Carew. On May 25, Bostock collected 12 [[putout]]s in the second game of a [[doubleheader (baseball)|doubleheader]] against the [[1977 Boston Red Sox season|Boston Red Sox]], tying the major league mark for putouts by an outfielder, which had been set by [[Earl Clark (baseball)|Earl Clark]] of the [[Boston Braves (baseball)|Boston Braves]] {{nowrap|in [[1929 Boston Braves season|1929]],<ref name=latimes>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15377227/carew_has_7_of_twins_35_hits/ |title=Carew Has 7 of Twins' 35 Hits |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=May 26, 1977 |access-date=November 26, 2017 |via=newspapers.com}}</ref>}} and was equalled by [[Jacoby Ellsbury]] {{nowrap|in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-almanac.com/rb_ofpu.shtml |title=Outfielder Putout Records |website=[[Baseball Almanac]] |access-date=November 26, 2017}}</ref>}} Bostock had a total of 17 putouts in the doubleheader,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1977/B05251BOS1977.htm |title=Minnesota Twins 13, Boston Red Sox 5 (1) |website=[[Retrosheet]] |date=May 25, 1977}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1977/B05252BOS1977.htm |title=Minnesota Twins 9, Boston Red Sox 4 (2) |website=[[Retrosheet]] |date=May 25, 1977}}</ref> which set an [[American League]] record {{nowrap|for outfielders.<ref name=latimes/>}}

===California Angels (1978)===

===Attempt to return salary===
After the 1977 season ended, Bostock became one of baseball's earliest big-money free agents, and signed with the [[1978 California Angels season|California Angels]], owned by {{nowrap|[[Gene Autry]].<ref name=bslysi>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MjxOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0-0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=4947%2C3206362 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |agency=Associated Press |title=Bostock signs for $3 million |date=November 22, 1977 |page=18}}</ref>}} Bostock had made $20,000 with the Twins in 1977 and signed a $2.3 million, six-year contract with the Angels. The Twins, Padres and Yankees had all tried to sign Bostock.<ref name="sabr.org"/> Almost immediately, Bostock donated $10,000 to a church in his native [[Birmingham, Alabama]] to rebuild its Sunday school.

The [[1978 California Angels season|1978]] season started off poorly for Bostock; he batted .150 for the month of April.  Bostock met with the team's management and attempted to return his April salary, saying he had not earned it.<ref name="Russo">{{cite book |last1=Russo |first1=Frank |last2=Racz |first2=Gene |title=Bury My Heart at Cooperstown: Salacious, Sad, and Surreal Deaths in the History of Baseball |year=2006 |publisher=Triumph Books |isbn=1572438223 |pages=137–139 }}</ref> The team refused, so Bostock announced he would donate his April salary to charity.<ref name="Russo" />

"He came into my office and told me he was reluctant to take his salary," Angels' general manager Buzzy Bavasi recalled. "He said, 'I'm not doing my job.' But I told him, 'I won't let you do that.' And he says, 'Why not?' So I told him, 'What if you hit .600 next month? You're sure as hell not getting any more money out of me.' "<ref name="latimes.com"/>

Thousands of requests came in for the money, and Bostock reviewed each one of them, trying to determine who needed it the most. After his poor April, Bostock hit .404 in June and was hitting .296 when he was killed in September.

As the 1978 season neared its conclusion, Bostock was leading the Angels in batting. With a week remaining in the season, he went 2-for-4 with a walk in his final game, a Saturday afternoon game against the [[1978 Chicago White Sox season|White Sox]] in [[Chicago]], to raise his season average to .296.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1978/B09230CHA1978.htm |title=Chicago White Sox 5, California Angels 4 |website=[[Retrosheet]] |date=September 23, 1978}}</ref>

In his four-season career, Bostock was a .311 career hitter, with a .365 on-base percentage, 23 [[home run]]s, 102 doubles, 30 triples, 45 stolen bases and 250 [[runs batted in]] during 526 [[games played|games]]. A contact hitter, he had 171 career walks against 174 career strikeouts and a .988 [[fielding percentage]] playing all three outfield positions, with the majority in centerfield.<ref name="baseball-reference.com"/>

== Shooting death ==
Following the game at [[Comiskey Park]],<ref>https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CHA/CHA197809230.shtml</ref> as he regularly did when in Chicago, Bostock visited his uncle Thomas Turner in nearby {{nowrap|[[Gary, Indiana]].<ref name=reagtwof/>}} After eating a meal with a group of relatives at Turner's home, Bostock and his uncle went to visit Joan Hawkins, a woman whom Bostock had tutored as a teenager, but had not seen for several years.<ref name="Russo" /> After the visit, Turner agreed to give Hawkins and her sister, Barbara Smith, a ride to their cousin's house. Turner drove his vehicle, with Hawkins seated in the front passenger's seat. Bostock and Barbara Smith rode in the vehicle's back seat.

Barbara Smith had been living with Hawkins while [[Family estrangement|estranged]] from her husband, Leonard Smith. Unbeknownst to the group, Leonard Smith was outside Hawkins' home in his car, and observed the group's departure in Turner's car. According to Leonard Smith, his wife was frequently unfaithful to him, and though he did not know Bostock, he later said that upon seeing Bostock get into the back seat of Turner's vehicle with his wife, he concluded that the two were having an affair.

At 10:40&nbsp;p.m. as Turner's vehicle was stopped at a traffic signal at the intersection of 5th and Jackson Streets, Leonard Smith's car pulled up alongside them.<ref name=autogenerated1>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1978/09/25/angel-star-bostock-dies-in-shooting/9f1609c1-9c6c-49e3-b77f-a79fe0642cc2/?noredirect=on Angel Star Bostock Dies In Shooting – The Washington Post<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>  Leonard Smith leaned out of his vehicle and fired one round from a [[.410 bore|.410 caliber]] [[shotgun]] into the back seat of Turner's car, where Bostock and Barbara Smith were seated.<ref name="Russo" /> Leonard Smith said that his estranged wife was his only intended target; however, Bostock was seated between Barbara Smith and the position from which Leonard Smith was firing. Instead of striking her, the shot struck Bostock squarely in the right temple.<ref name="Russo" /> At age 27, he died two hours later at a {{nowrap|Gary hospital.<ref name="Russo" />}} Barbara Smith was hospitalized in fair condition with pellet wounds to her face.<ref name=autogenerated1 />

=== Aftermath and trial===
Smith was tried twice for murder, with his lawyers arguing that Barbara Smith's alleged infidelity had driven him insane. The first trial resulted in a [[hung jury]]. In the second trial, Smith was found [[insanity defense|not guilty by reason of insanity]], and committed for treatment to [[Logansport State Hospital]]. Within seven months, he was deemed no longer [[mentally ill]] by his psychiatrists and released. Including his time in jail awaiting and during trial, Smith's time in custody amounted to 21 months. In the aftermath of Smith's case, the legislature in Indiana changed the state's insanity laws. After the change, a person found to be insane at the time of the commission of a crime could still be found legally guilty, and thus could be sent to prison if and when he or she was released from psychiatric treatment.

Leonard Smith returned to Gary, Indiana, where he resided for the remainder of his life, moving in his later years in a high-rise apartment building for senior citizens.  After his 1980 release from custody, he never again ran afoul of the law and he declined all requests to comment publicly about the killing of Bostock. In 2010, Smith died of natural causes at the age of 64.<ref>[[Social Security Death Index]], [https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JBNX-9Q7 Record for Leonard Smith of Gary, Indiana].  Retrieved on August 4, 2012.{{Dead link|date=December 2024}}</ref>

Bostock is interred in the [[Inglewood Park Cemetery]] in [[Inglewood, California]].  "There were never enough hours in the day for Lyman," said Angels teammate [[Bobby Grich]]. "We called him 'Jibber-Jabber' because he was always talking.  Everyone was crazy about him because he was so outgoing and friendly, always up, always looking on the bright side."<ref name="sabr.org"/>

Said Twins teammate [[Rod Carew]]: “Lyman Bostock was my teammate on the Twins for three years. I knew he was very close to an uncle who lived in Gary, Indiana. Lyman often visited him after games against the White Sox. How senseless. How horrible. I still can’t believe it happened. Everyone really liked Lyman. When we played the Angels [in 1978], he sent the batboy over to me with a newspaper (''[[Sporting News|The Sporting News]]'') photograph of himself wearing sunglasses with dollar signs on the lenses. Above the picture Lyman had written, Rod, I need help. His average was around .200. So I watched him in the game. I noticed he was lunging at pitches. He was too anxious. His swing wasn’t smooth, as it normally is. I told him I thought he was trying to hit the ball into “holes” between fielders instead of swinging with the pitch. No one can manipulate a bat so well that he can consistently hit the ball into holes. I don't know if I helped or not, but Lyman picked up and was batting .296 when he died.<ref name="thegruelingtruth.com">{{Cite web|title=The Inspiring Life and Tragic Death of Lyman Bostock|url=https://thegruelingtruth.com/baseball/inspiring-life-tragic-death-lyman-bostock/|last=Goodpaster|first=Mike|date=2019-04-29|website=The Grueling Truth|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>

In his eulogy at the funeral of Bostock, Angels teammate [[Ken Brett]] said, "We called him Jibber Jabber because he enlivened every clubhouse scene, chasing tension, drawing laughter in the darkest hour of defeat. When winning wasn’t in the plan, Lyman knew the sun would come up the next morning…. There’s only one consolation: We’re all better persons for having him touch our lives."<ref name="thegruelingtruth.com"/>

==Honors==
* The Angels wore a black armband in memory of Bostock for the remainder of the 1978 season.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailynews.com/sports/20130919/lyman-bostock-left-indelible-imprint-at-cal-state-northridge|title=Lyman Bostock left indelible imprint at Cal State Northridge|website=[[Los Angeles Daily News]] |date=September 19, 2013}}</ref>
* A memorial scholarship fund was commissioned in his name, and is annually awarded to a needy [[California State University, Northridge|CSUN]] student athlete.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-26-sp-24913-story.html|title=Memorial Scholarships Benefit Three Northridge Ballplayers|date=November 26, 1987|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>
* In 1981, Bostock became the first inductee into the CSU Northridge Matadors Hall of Fame.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://csunshinetoday.csun.edu/athletics/matador-hall-of-fame-open-for-nominations/|title=Matador Hall of Fame Open For Nominations|date=July 26, 2013|website=CSUN Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gomatadors.com/news/2008/9/23/9_23_2008_211.aspx|title=A Great Athlete, An Even Better Person - The Life And Career Of Lyman Bostock|website=CSUN Athletics|date=23 September 2008 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of baseball players who died during their careers]]
* [[List of Major League Baseball players to hit for the cycle]]
* [[27 Club]]

==References==
* {{cite web |url=http://www.espn.com/espn/eticket/story?lid=tab1pos1&lpos=spotlight&page=bostock&redirected=true |title=Fifth and Jackson |work=[[ESPN.com]] |last=Pearlman |first=Jeff |author-link=Jeff Pearlman |date=September 18, 2008}}
* {{cite episode |title=The Tragedy of Lyman Bostock |series=Outside the Lines |series-link=Outside the Lines |first1=Tom  |last1=Rinaldi |author-link=Tom Rinaldi |first2=John |last2=Barr |network=[[ESPN]] |airdate=September 21, 2008}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite web |url=http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/9bb77e84 |title=Lyman Bostock |first=Tim |last=Connaughton |website=[[Society for American Baseball Research|SABR]]}}
* {{cite web |url=http://touchingallthebases.blogspot.com/2004/11/fallen-angel.html |title=Fallen Angel |first=Chad |last=Finn |website=Touching All The Bases |date=November 19, 2004}}
* {{cite book |title=Lyman Bostock: The Inspiring Life and Tragic Death of a Ballplayer |first=K. Adam |last=Powell |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |date=2016 |isbn=978-1442252059 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/1965878 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926072403/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/1965878 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 26, 2015 |title=Bostock a tragic figure in history of draft |first=Tom |last=Singer |website=[[MLB.com]] |date=May 15, 2007}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.cooloftheevening.com/minnesota_twins_deaths.htm |title=Among Twins, Bostock's death most senseless |first=Jim |last=Thielman |website=Cool of the Evening |date=April 2006}}

==External links==
{{baseballstats|mlb=111256|br=b/bostoly01|fangraphs=1001220|brm=bostoc001lym|retro=B/Pbostl101}}
*[https://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=bostoly01 Lyman Bostock] at Baseball Almanac
*[http://www.gomatadors.com/sports/2015/7/14/GEN_0714154919.aspx#b Hall of Fame] at [[California State University, Northridge]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMKx2Uc4084 Lyman Bostock Story Part 1] via [[YouTube]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYyLg5RxwhY Lyman Bostock Story Part 2] via [[YouTube]]
*{{Find a Grave}}

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{{Succession box| before = [[Mike Phillips (baseball)|Mike Phillips]] | title = [[Hitting for the cycle]]| years = July 24, 1976 | after = [[César Cedeño]]}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bostock, Lyman}}
[[Category:1950 births]]
[[Category:1978 deaths]]
[[Category:People murdered in 1978]]
[[Category:African-American baseball players]]
[[Category:American murder victims]]
[[Category:Baseball players from Birmingham, Alabama]]
[[Category:Burials at Inglewood Park Cemetery]]
[[Category:Cal State Northridge Matadors baseball players]]
[[Category:California Angels players]]
[[Category:Charlotte Twins players]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Indiana]]
[[Category:Major League Baseball center fielders]]
[[Category:Minnesota Twins players]]
[[Category:Murdered African-American people]]
[[Category:Orlando Twins players]]
[[Category:People murdered in Indiana]]
[[Category:Tacoma Twins players]]
[[Category:Tigres de Aragua players]]
[[Category:American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American sportsmen]]
[[Category:20th-century American sportsmen]]