Editing Lyman, Maine

{{Short description| Town in the state of Maine, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Lyman, Maine
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|nickname                 =
|motto                    =

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|image_skyline            = Lyman Town Hall, Lyman ME.jpg
|imagesize                =
|image_caption            = Lyman Town Hall
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|pushpin_map              = Maine
|pushpin_label            = Lyman
|pushpin_label_position   = bottom <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption      = Location within the state of Maine
|pushpin_mapsize          =
|image_map                =  
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<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Maine]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[York County, Maine|York]]
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          =
|leader_title             =
|leader_name              =
|leader_title1            =
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|established_title        = Incorporated
|established_date         = 1780

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
|area_magnitude           =
|area_total_km2           = 104.87
|area_land_km2            = 100.98
|area_water_km2           = 3.88
|area_total_sq_mi         = 40.49
|area_land_sq_mi          = 38.99
|area_water_sq_mi         = 1.50

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 4525
|population_density_km2   = 44.8
|population_density_sq_mi =

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      =
|elevation_m              = 83
|elevation_ft             = 272
|coordinates              = {{coord|43|30|20|N|70|38|21|W|region:US-ME|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 04002
|area_code                = [[Area code 207|207]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 23-41750
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0582572
|website                  = {{URL|www.lyman-me.gov/}}
|footnotes                =
}}
'''Lyman''' is a [[New England town|town]] in [[York County, Maine|York County]], [[Maine]], United States. The population was 4,525 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2303141750|title=Census - Geography Profile: Lyman town, York County, Maine|access-date=January 13, 2022}}</ref> It is part of the [[Portland, Maine|Portland]]–[[South Portland, Maine|South Portland]]–[[Biddeford, Maine|Biddeford]], Maine [[Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area|metropolitan statistical area]]. Lyman, together with [[Alfred, Maine|Alfred]], is home to [[Massabesic Experimental Forest|Massabesic]] [[Experimental Forest]].

==History==
In 1660, John Sanders, John Bush and Peter Turbat purchased from the [[Abenaki]] [[sachem]] Sosowen and his son Fluellin what is now the township of Lyman. First called Swanfield, it was settled in 1767. While the original settlers are not known for certain, early records and deeds mention the following: William and Jacob Waterhouse (of [[Kennebunk, Maine|Kennebunk]]), Love Roberts, Alexander Grant, Thomas Lord, Jacob Rhoades, Benjamin and Mark Goodwin (brothers who built one of the first mills at Goodwin's Mills), John Low (who served as town moderator and treasurer), John Burbank, Joseph Witten, James and William Brock, Mark Ricker, Robert Cousens, Valentine Hill, and Gershom Downs.<ref>Clayton (1880)</ref>

Swanfield would be incorporated by the [[Massachusetts General Court]] on April 24, 1780, as Coxhall, probably after [[Coggeshall]] (pronounced Coxhall) in [[Essex]], England. On February 25, 1803, the name was changed to Lyman in honor of Theodore Lyman, a wealthy merchant who established a successful shipping firm in the 1790s at [[York, Maine|York]] before moving to Boston.<ref name=Coolidge>{{Cite book  | last = Coolidge  | first = Austin J.|author2=John B. Mansfield   | title = A History and Description of New England| publisher = A.J. Coolidge  | year = 1859| location = Boston, Massachusetts| pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ/page/n235 201]–202| url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ}}</ref>

[[Farmers]] found the surface of the town moderately uneven, with fair soil that yielded good crops of grain, [[hay]] and apples. [[Watermill]]s were established at the outlets of the larger ponds, with two [[sawmill]]s at Swan Pond and another at Kennebunk Pond. [[Lumber]]ing was a considerable source of income for many inhabitants. In 1782, a sawmill and gristmill were erected at Goodwin's Mills, which developed into the town's only business and trade center, despite the fact that some of the village is actually located in [[Dayton, Maine|Dayton]].<ref>{{Citation
  | last = Varney
  | first = George J.
  | title = Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Lyman
  | place = Boston
  | publisher=Russell
  | year = 1886
  | url = http://history.rays-place.com/me/lyman-me.htm }}
</ref> [[The Great Fires of 1947]] devastated part of Lyman. Today, the town is largely a [[Commuter town|bedroom community]].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|40.49|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|38.99|sqmi|sqkm|2}}  is land and {{convert|1.50|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> Lyman is drained by the [[Kennebunk River]].

The town is crossed by [[U.S. Route 202 in Maine|U.S. Route 202]] and State Routes [[Maine State Route 5|5]], [[Maine State Route 35|35]] and [[Maine State Route 111|111]]. It is bordered by the towns of [[Hollis, Maine|Hollis]] and [[Dayton, Maine|Dayton]] to the northeast, [[Arundel, Maine|Arundel]] and [[Kennebunk, Maine|Kennebunk]] to the southeast, [[Alfred, Maine|Alfred]] to the southwest, and [[Waterboro, Maine|Waterboro]] to the northwest.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1790= 765
|1800= 995
|1810= 1248
|1820= 1387
|1830= 1503
|1840= 1478
|1850= 1376
|1860= 1307
|1870= 1052
|1880= 1004
|1890= 854
|1900= 687
|1910= 615
|1920= 415
|1930= 370
|1940= 385
|1950= 499
|1960= 529
|1970= 864
|1980= 2509
|1990= 3390
|2000= 3795
|2010= 4344
|2020= 4525
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 16, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 4,344 people, 1,660 households, and 1,269 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|111.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,067 housing units at an average density of {{convert|53.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 97.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 1.4% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 1,660 households, of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.6% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the town was 43.3 years. 21.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.7% were from 25 to 44; 34.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.6% male and 50.4% female.

===2000 census===
As of the census<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 3,795 people, 1,366 households, and 1,087 families living in the town.  The population density was {{convert|97.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,749 housing units at an average density of {{convert|44.9|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 98.45% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.29% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.26% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.24% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.11% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.66% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.32% of the population.

There were 1,366 households, out of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.6% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.4% were non-families. 12.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.3 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,860, and the median income for a family was $53,140. Males had a median income of $37,917 versus $25,192 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,203.  About 4.8% of families and 4.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
* History of York County Maine. Compiled by W. W. Clayton. Philadelphia: Evarts & Pick, 1880, Lippincott Press
* The Bicentennial book "200 years of Lyman…Southern Maine's Country Home Town " It was produced by the Lyman Bicentennial Committee in June 1980 for the celebration of the Lyman Bicentennial 1780–1980

==External links==
* [http://www.lyman-me.gov/ Town of Lyman, Maine]
* [http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-displaylibrary.pl?RC=19426 Lyman Community Library]
* [http://www.fs.fed.us/ne/durham/4155/massabes.htm Massabesic Experimental Forest]
* [http://www.mainegenealogy.net/individual_place_record.asp?place=lyman Maine Genealogy: Lyman, York County, Maine]

{{York County, Maine}}
{{Saco River}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Portland metropolitan area, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in York County, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in Maine]]