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{{Short description|City in Texas, United States}} {{Redirect|Lufkin}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2019}} {{Infobox settlement |name = Lufkin |settlement_type = [[City (Texas)|City]] |named_for = Abraham P. Lufkin <!-- Images --> |image_skyline = {{Photomontage |photo1a = Downtown Lufkin, TX IMG 3942.JPG{{!}}Downtown Lufkin |photo2a = Pines Theater, Lufkin, TX IMG 3938.JPG{{!}}Pines Theater |photo2b = Lufkin, TX, City Hall IMG 3947.JPG{{!}}City Hall |photo3a = Perry Building, Lufkin, TX IMG 3958.JPG{{!}}Perry Building |photo3b = Kurth Memorial Library, Lufkin, TX IMG 3961.JPG{{!}}Kurth Memorial Library |photo4a = Lufkin welcome sign, Lufkin, TX IMG 3916.JPG{{!}}Welcome sign |spacing = 2 |position = center |color_border = black |color = white |size = 270 |foot_montage = Clockwise from top: Downtown; City Hall; Kurth Memorial Library; welcome sign; Perry Building and [[Pines Theater]] }} |imagesize = |image_caption = |pushpin_map = Texas#USA |pushpin_map_caption = Location within Texas##Location within the United States |pushpin_relief = 1 |pushpin_mapsize = 280 |image_map = Angelina_Lufkin.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location in Angelina County <!-- Location --> |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = [[Texas]] |subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Texas|County]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Angelina County, Texas|Angelina]] <!-- Government --> |government_footnotes = |government_type = [[Council-manager government|Council-manager]] |leader_title = [[Mayor]] |leader_name = Mark Hicks |leader_title1 = [[City Council]] |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = [[City Manager]] |established_title = Founded |established_date = 1882 |established_title1 = Incorporated<!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date1 = October 15, 1890<!-- requires established_title1= --> <!-- Area --> |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020|archive-date=October 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017010302/https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|url-status=live}}</ref> |area_total_km2 = 89.30 |area_land_km2 = 88.60 |area_water_km2 = 0.71 |area_total_sq_mi = 34.48 |area_land_sq_mi = 34.21 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.27 <!-- Population --> |population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] |population_total = 34143 |population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?g=160XX00US4845072 |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2020 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Lufkin city, Texas |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=February 8, 2024}}</ref> |pop_est_as_of = |population_est = |pop_est_footnotes = |population_density_km2 = 385.38 |population_density_sq_mi = 998.13 <!-- General information --> |timezone = [[Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]] |utc_offset = −6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = −5 |elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |elevation_ft = 266 |coordinates = {{coord|31|20|18|N|94|43|45|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] |postal_code = 75901, 75902, 75903, 75904, 75915 |area_code = [[Area code 936|936]] |area_code_type = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]] |blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]] |blank_info = 48-45072<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website|archive-date=December 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218204847/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> exp |blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |blank1_info = 2410895<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410895|Lufkin}}</ref> |website = {{URL|cityoflufkin.com}} |footnotes = }} '''Lufkin''' is the largest city in [[Angelina County, Texas]], United States and is the county seat. The city is situated in [[Deep East Texas]] and is {{convert|60|mi|km|abbr=on}} west of the Texas- [[Louisiana]] state line. Its population is 34,143 as of 2020.<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=QuickFacts: Lufkin city, Texas|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/lufkincitytexas|access-date=February 8, 2024}}</ref> Lufkin was founded in 1884 and named for Abraham P. Lufkin. It originally served as a stop on the Houston, East and West Texas Railway. It was officially incorporated on October 15, 1890. Lufkin continued to serve as a stop on the railroad until 1890. Three businessmen founded Angelina Lumber Company, which led to much of the economic prosperity Lufkin later enjoyed. When the so-called "timber boom" came to an end, a new "golden era of expansion" began. Lufkin became more industrialized with the opening of [[Lufkin Industries]] and Southland Paper Mill. In the mid-1960s, a cultural expansion began, and improvements were made to education and the way of life, including museums and the opening of a new library.<ref name=history/> The City of Lufkin has a [[council–manager government]], with six city council members, a mayor, and a city manager. The [[Lufkin Independent School District]] encompasses most of Lufkin and operates almost all of the schools within Lufkin. Additionally, [[Angelina College]], a community college, is located in Lufkin. ==History== [[File:Lufkin, Texas (circa 1911).jpg|thumb|left|Parade in downtown Lufkin, c. 1911]] The city was originally founded in 1882 as a stop on the [[Houston, East and West Texas Railway]]; it is named for Abraham P. Lufkin, a [[cotton]] merchant and [[Galveston, Texas|Galveston]] city councilman. Lufkin was the father-in-law of Paul Bremond, president of the railroad, which developed the town. Lufkin continued to grow because of its proximity to the railroad and its [[lumber industry]]. The history of Lufkin can be divided into three main eras, the railroad era, the timber boom, and the golden era of expansion.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=City of Lufkin |url=http://cityoflufkin.com/history.htm |website=cityoflufkin.com |access-date=23 December 2019 |archive-date=October 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025030614/http://cityoflufkin.com/history.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Railroad era=== [[File:Old caboose at the Texas Forestry Museum, Lufkin, Texas LCCN2011633331.tif|thumb|left|Old caboose at the Texas Forestry Museum, Lufkin, Texas]] The railroad era lasted between 1882 and 1890. In 1881, the area that is now Lufkin was little more than a small settlement known as Denman Springs. A railroad surveying team began to plan a route through Angelina County, with a possible route through [[Homer, Texas]], which at the time was the county seat. According to legend, the men in the surveying team began to get rowdy in the saloon in Homer, which led to their arrest. They paid their way out the next morning, but this infuriated the chief surveyor. He ordered the team for the rail line to bypass Homer and go by Denman Springs. Conveniently, the new route went through the property of Lafayette Denman and his son, Dr. A. M. Denman, who as the legend goes, had hosted the surveying team a few days earlier. This legend is most likely not true since the prospectus in 1879 already had the railroad planned to bypass Homer and go through the future site of Lufkin.<ref name=history/> The railroad officially arrived in 1882, and the company began to advertise the sale of lots of land in Lufkin. During this time, many of the businesses and professionals from Homer began to relocate to Lufkin to be closer to the railroad. Some of the first stores in Lufkin included S. Abram's general store, Joseph Kerr's grocery and saddle shop, and W. H. Bonner's general store, all located on Cotton Square, which became the center of most economic activity in Lufkin. Behind the depot, which was on the cotton square, cotton was stored before being shipped on the railroad. The town continued to grow, and acquired a post office in 1882 with William A. Abney as postmaster. Soon after in 1883, a telegraph line was strung connecting Lufkin to [[Nacogdoches, Texas|Nacogdoches]] by telegraph. On October 15, 1890, the town was officially incorporated. The first mayor of Lufkin was J. M. Smith, who was the owner of Smith Hotel; he was elected on November 15, 1890. Even before the incorporation of Lufkin, the courthouse was sought to have been moved. By a vote in 1885, though, the courthouse remained in Homer. In November 1891, a fire of mysterious origin destroyed the courthouse in Homer. This prompted a petition from the citizens of Lufkin asking for a new election to be held to decide if the courthouse should be relocated to Lufkin. The election was held on January 2, 1892, and the citizens decided to relocate the courthouse to Lufkin.<ref name=history/> ===Timber boom=== The timber boom lasted between 1890 and 1920. Three main lumbering families are recognized for much of the economic prosperity in Lufkin{{snd}} the Kurths, the Hendersons, and the Wieners. Joseph H. Kurth Sr., was a German immigrant, who had operated a sawmill in [[Polk County, Texas]]. He moved to a small settlement north of Lufkin known as [[Keltys, Texas|Keltys]]. In 1887, Kurth obtained a sawmill from Charles L. Kelty. He was soon joined by S. W. Henderson Sr., and Sam Wiener, both of [[Corrigan, Texas]]. In 1890, the men started the [[Angelina County Lumber Company]]. The company became the forerunner of the lumber industry in [[East Texas]], and led to much of the economic prosperity in Lufkin. At the peak of the three families' activities, nearly a dozen sawmills and several other industries were operating.<ref name=history/> ===Golden era of expansion=== [[File:Southland Paper mill, Kraft pulp used in making newsprint, Lufkin1a35430v.jpg|thumb|left|Southland Paper mill]] The golden era of expansion occurred between 1938 and 1945. In the late 1930s, two of the principal industries in Lufkin, the Southland Paper Mill, later known as Abitibi Bowater Inc. which closed in 2007,<ref>{{cite web |title=Abitibi Paper Mill Closes |url=https://www.ktre.com/story/7434973/abitibi-paper-mill-closes/ |website=ktre.com |date=December 2007 |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103014818/https://www.ktre.com/story/7434973/abitibi-paper-mill-closes/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Texas Foundries opened. These companies provided much of Lufkin's industrial growth. The largest industrial employer was Lufkin Foundry and Machine Company, later known as [[Lufkin Industries]]; it ceased operations in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/houston/news/2018/03/16/baker-hughes-ge-to-stop-production-at-lufkin.html |title=Baker Hughes GE to stop production at Lufkin facility |website=bizjournals.com |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=February 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203050956/https://www.bizjournals.com/houston/news/2018/03/16/baker-hughes-ge-to-stop-production-at-lufkin.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=history/> ===Cultural expansion=== [[File:Lufkin Federal Building (1 of 1).jpg|thumb|left|Lufkin Federal Building]] In early Lufkin history, most daily life revolved around churches, schools, and sports activities, but this began to change between 1965 and 1983, when Lufkin began a cultural expansion. Improvements included the Kurth Memorial Library, new museums, a civic center, [[Angelina College]], a new federal building, a country club, municipal and city parks, two shopping malls, and the [[Lufkin Independent School District]]. Lufkin celebrated its centennial in 1982.<ref name=history/> ===Recent history=== [[File:Thousands gather at the Columbia memorial in Lufkin, Tex.jpg|thumb|Thousands gather at the Columbia memorial in Lufkin 2019]] Debris from the [[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster]] fell over the Lufkin area on February 1, 2003.<ref>{{cite web |title=Columbia Recovery Air Search Operation Overview {{!}} FEMA.gov |url=https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2003/03/23/columbia-recovery-air-search-operation-overview |website=fema.gov |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103015013/https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2003/03/23/columbia-recovery-air-search-operation-overview |url-status=live }}</ref> A [[Little League Baseball]] team from Lufkin, locally known as the Thundering 13, won the U.S. Championship at the [[2017 Little League World Series]] in [[Williamsport, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Japan beats Lufkin, Texas, 12-2 for Little League World Series title |url=https://www.foxnews.com/sports/japan-beats-lufkin-texas-12-2-for-little-league-world-series-title |website=Associated Press |access-date=3 January 2020 |date=28 August 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103014817/https://www.foxnews.com/sports/japan-beats-lufkin-texas-12-2-for-little-league-world-series-title |url-status=live }}</ref> There have been many community tributes to the team. ==Geography== According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], in 2019, the city has a total area of {{convert|34.48|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019"/> Lufkin is at the crossroads of East Texas at the intersections of Highways [[U.S. Route 59 in Texas|US 59]], future [[Interstate 69 in Texas|Interstate 69]], which leads to [[Houston]] and the [[Rio Grande]] Valley to the south and [[Nacogdoches, Texas|Nacogdoches]] and [[Texarkana, Texas|Texarkana]] to the north, and [[U.S. Route 69#Texas|US 69]], which leads from the Golden Triangle of southeast Texas ([[Port Arthur, Texas|Port Arthur]] and [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]]) to points such as [[Jacksonville, Texas|Jacksonville]], [[Tyler, Texas|Tyler]], [[Dallas]], and [[Oklahoma]] to the north. Lufkin is {{convert|115|mi|km}} northeast of Houston.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.freemaptools.com/how-far-is-it-between-lufkin_-tx--usa-and-houston-tx_-usa.htm|title=How Far is it Between Lufkin, Tx Usa and Houston Tx, Usa|work=Free Map Tools|access-date=July 9, 2019|archive-date=July 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709135454/https://www.freemaptools.com/how-far-is-it-between-lufkin_-tx--usa-and-houston-tx_-usa.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The elevation of Lufkin is 139 to 404 ft above mean sea level.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lufkinedc.com/living-here/climate/ |access-date=4 January 2020 |title=Climate |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104034855/https://www.lufkinedc.com/living-here/climate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ===National forests and grasslands=== [[File:Davy Crockett National Forest sign.jpg|thumb|Davy Crockett National Forest sign]] The headquarters of all four [[United States National Forest]]s and two [[United States National Grassland]]s in Texas are located in Lufkin. They are the [[Angelina National Forest|Angelina]], [[Davy Crockett National Forest|Davy Crockett]], [[Sabine National Forest|Sabine]], and [[Sam Houston National Forest|Sam Houston]] National Forests, and the [[Caddo National Grassland|Caddo]] and [[Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland|Lyndon B. Johnson]] National Grasslands. ===Climate=== Lufkin is a [[humid subtropical climate]] that generally has relatively high temperatures with evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. Generally, this climate is seen on the eastern side continents between 20 and 35°N or S latitude. During summer, these regions over low-latitude ocean waters are generally under the influence of hot, maritime overflow from the western side of subtropical anticyclonic cells. These higher temperatures can lead to warm, oppressive nights. Due to an increase in [[thunderstorms]], summers in Lufkin are usually wetter than winters. Additionally, tropical cyclones can increase precipitation during the summer. Cold months are usually mild and frost is uncommon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=41237&cityname=Lufkin%2C+Texas%2C+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Lufkin, Texas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|access-date=January 4, 2020|archive-date=March 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308144210/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=41237&cityname=Lufkin%2C+Texas%2C+United+States+of+America&units=|url-status=live}}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Lufkin, Texas ([[Angelina County Airport]]) 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1906–present |single line = Y |collapsed = yes |Jan record high F = 86 |Feb record high F = 92 |Mar record high F = 97 |Apr record high F = 98 |May record high F = 99 |Jun record high F = 106 |Jul record high F = 108 |Aug record high F = 110 |Sep record high F = 110 |Oct record high F = 100 |Nov record high F = 90 |Dec record high F = 89 |year record high F = 110 |Jan high F = 59.8 |Feb high F = 64.1 |Mar high F = 71.1 |Apr high F = 77.8 |May high F = 84.5 |Jun high F = 90.3 |Jul high F = 93.3 |Aug high F = 93.7 |Sep high F = 88.7 |Oct high F = 79.8 |Nov high F = 68.8 |Dec high F = 61.1 |year high F = 77.8 |Jan mean F = 48.6 |Feb mean F = 52.8 |Mar mean F = 59.4 |Apr mean F = 66.0 |May mean F = 73.8 |Jun mean F = 79.9 |Jul mean F = 82.5 |Aug mean F = 82.4 |Sep mean F = 77.3 |Oct mean F = 67.4 |Nov mean F = 57.0 |Dec mean F = 50.2 |year mean F = 66.4 |Jan low F = 37.5 |Feb low F = 41.5 |Mar low F = 47.7 |Apr low F = 54.2 |May low F = 63.0 |Jun low F = 69.4 |Jul low F = 71.7 |Aug low F = 71.1 |Sep low F = 65.9 |Oct low F = 55.0 |Nov low F = 45.2 |Dec low F = 39.3 |year low F = 55.1 |Jan record low F = -2 |Feb record low F = -2 |Mar record low F = 16 |Apr record low F = 30 |May record low F = 39 |Jun record low F = 50 |Jul record low F = 56 |Aug record low F = 54 |Sep record low F = 36 |Oct record low F = 25 |Nov record low F = 15 |Dec record low F = 2 |year record low F = -2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 4.66 |Feb precipitation inch = 3.88 |Mar precipitation inch = 4.21 |Apr precipitation inch = 3.69 |May precipitation inch = 4.64 |Jun precipitation inch = 4.22 |Jul precipitation inch = 3.34 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.75 |Sep precipitation inch = 3.94 |Oct precipitation inch = 4.73 |Nov precipitation inch = 4.53 |Dec precipitation inch = 4.68 |year precipitation inch = 50.27 |unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |Jan precipitation days = 9.9 |Feb precipitation days = 9.0 |Mar precipitation days = 9.0 |Apr precipitation days = 7.6 |May precipitation days = 9.1 |Jun precipitation days = 9.5 |Jul precipitation days = 8.0 |Aug precipitation days = 8.1 |Sep precipitation days = 7.5 |Oct precipitation days = 7.3 |Nov precipitation days = 8.0 |Dec precipitation days = 9.9 |year precipitation days = 102.9 |source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref name= nws>{{cite web | url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=shv | title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = August 21, 2021 | archive-date = June 27, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150627103535/http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=shv | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=NCEI>{{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093987&format=pdf | title = Station: Lufkin Angelina CO AP, TX | work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = August 21, 2021 | archive-date = August 22, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210822032216/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00093987&format=pdf | url-status = live }}</ref> }} ==Demographics== {{US Census population |1890= 529 |1900= 1527 |1910= 2749 |1920= 4878 |1930= 7311 |1940= 9567 |1950= 15135 |1960= 17641 |1970= 23049 |1980= 28562 |1990= 30206 |2000= 32709 |2010= 35067 |2020= 34143 |estyear= |estimate= |estref= |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|work=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=April 26, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|url-status=live}}</ref> }} <!-- conflicts with below When the [[2010 United States Census]] was taken the population was 35,067, the most recent estimate in 2019 has the population as 35,510. Lufkin is the largest city in Angelina County.<ref>{{cite web |title=Angelina County Profile |url=https://www.txcip.org/tac/census/profile.php?FIPS=48005 |website=txcip.org |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref> --> {{Table alignment}} {| class="wikitable col2right col3right" |+ Lufkin racial composition as of 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4845072&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-03-26 |website=data.census.gov |archive-date=March 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326231242/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4845072&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |url-status=live }}</ref> !Race !Number !Fraction |- |[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] ({{abbr|NH|Non-Hispanic}}) |13,871 |40.63% |- |[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH) |9,045 |26.49% |- |[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH) |56 |0.16% |- |[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH) |668 |1.96% |- |[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (NH) |15 |0.04% |- |Some Other Race (NH) |89 |0.26% |- |[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH) |992 |2.91% |- |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] |9,407 |27.55% |- |'''Total''' |'''34,143''' | |} As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 34,143 people, 12,755 households, and 8,277 families residing in the city. The population of the city was estimated to be 35,021 in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County |url=https://www.txcip.org/tac/census/towns.html |website=txcip.org |access-date=4 January 2020 |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104034034/https://www.txcip.org/tac/census/towns.html |url-status=live }}</ref> At the 2019 census estimates, the racial makeup of the city is estimated to be 66.6% [[White American#U.S. Census definition|White]], 25.2% [[African American]], 0.7% American Indian or Alaska native, 2.2% [[Asian American|Asian]], and 2.2% of two or more races. Hispanic or Latinos of any race were estimated to be 28.6%. White alone (not Hispanic or Latino) is estimated to be 41.8%; 11.3% of the population is estimated to be foreign born. An estimated 24.4% of homes are thought to speak a language other than English.<ref name=estimate>{{cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Lufkin city, Texas |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/lufkincitytexas |website=census.gov |access-date=4 January 2020 |language=en |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104015918/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/lufkincitytexas |url-status=live }}</ref> With an estimated 12,910 households, the city averaged 2.68 persons per household. The median household income is estimated to be $43,803, and the per capita income is $23,134; 20.9% of persons are believed to be below the [[poverty line]].<ref name=estimate/> ==Economy== [[File:Regions Bank, Lufkin, TX IMG 3943.JPG|thumb|right|Regions Bank]] [[File:Perry Building, Lufkin, TX IMG 3958.JPG|thumb|right|Perry Building]] Lufkin is home to [[Lufkin Industries]] and Lufkin Gears LLC, which manufactures and services oil field equipment and power transmission equipment, and supplies of [[creosote]]-treated utility poles. It is also home to the [[Atkinson Candy Company]], the creator of the [[Chick-O-Stick]], and [[Brookshire Brothers]], a chain of grocery stores in Texas and Louisiana. Lufkin received Texas's first [[biomass]] power plant in late 2009. Aspen Power is building the power plant. Some of the city's major employers include: * [[Angelina College]], community college with enrollment of 5,000 * [[Atkinson Candy Company]], founded and headquartered in Lufkin * [[Brookshire Brothers]], a regional grocery company founded and headquartered in Lufkin * [[Lufkin Industries]], founded and headquartered in Lufkin, oil pumping manufacturer * Lufkin Gears LLC, founded and headquartered in Lufkin, power transmission equipment manufacturer * [[Lufkin Independent School District]] * [[Pilgrim's]], poultry processor that employs more than 1,500 people * [[Stephen F. Austin State University]], state university (located in [[Nacogdoches, Texas|Nacogdoches]]; some employees reside in Lufkin) * [[Temple-Inland]] is [[Fortune 500]] company that produces paper, wood, and other related products. Headquartered in [[Diboll, Texas|Diboll]], {{convert|15|mi}} south of Lufkin, it has employment in Lufkin, as well. Temple-Inland was sold to [[International Paper]]. According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cityoflufkin.com/finance/pdfs/2019/FY_2019_FINAL_BUDGET.pdf|date=September 11, 2018|title=Annual Operating Budget for Fiscal Year October 1, 2018 - September 30, 2019|work=City of Lufkin|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=April 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411223907/http://cityoflufkin.com/finance/pdfs/2019/FY_2019_FINAL_BUDGET.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> the top employers in the city are: {{Table alignment}} {| class="wikitable col1right col3center col4center" |- ! Rank ! Employer ! Employees ! Fraction of total<br/> city employment |- | 1 | [[Lufkin Independent School District]] | >1000 | 2.34% |- | 2 | [[Pilgrim's Pride]] | >1000 | 1.98% |- | 3 | [[Brookshire Brothers]] | >1000 | 1.67% |- | 4 | Lufkin State Supporting Living Center | >1000 | 1.67% |- | 5 | [[CHI St. Luke's Health|CHI St. Luke's Health Memorial]] | >1000 | 1.64% |- | 6 | Woodland Heights Medical Center | 500–999 | 0.88% |- | 7 | [[Georgia Pacific]] | 500–999 | 0.83% |- | 8 | City of Lufkin | 400–500 | 0.70% |- | 9 | [[Walmart]] | 400–500 | 0.68% |- | 10 | [[Angelina County, Texas|Angelina County]] | 400–500 | 0.61% |} ===Festivals=== Texas State Forest Festival and Southern [[Hushpuppy]] Championships run in September.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ktre.com/story/32565071/lufkins-southern-hushpuppy-championships-makes-list-of-50-best-cooking-contests/|last=Bass|first=Gary|date=July 28, 2016|title=Lufkin's Southern Hushpuppy Championships makes list of 50 best cooking contests|work=[[KTRE]]|access-date=June 8, 2019|archive-date=June 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609003231/https://www.ktre.com/story/32565071/lufkins-southern-hushpuppy-championships-makes-list-of-50-best-cooking-contests/|url-status=live}}</ref> The festival brings net profits to the city of US$60,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tpwd.texas.gov/calendar/lake-livingston/texas-state-forest-festival|title=Texas State Forest Festival|work=[[Texas Parks and Wildlife Department]]|access-date=June 8, 2019|archive-date=June 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609003230/https://tpwd.texas.gov/calendar/lake-livingston/texas-state-forest-festival|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Points of interest=== * [[Crown Colony Country Club]] Golf Course, third-rated golf course in Texas by the ''Dallas Morning News'' * Downtown Walking Tour, a tour through historic downtown Lufkin * Ellen Trout Park, a public park with a lake and playgrounds * [[Ellen Trout Zoo]], public zoo owned by the City of Lufkin with more than 500 animals<ref name="Kisling2001">{{cite book|editor=Vernon N. Kisling Jr. |title=Zoo and Aquarium History|year= 2001|publisher=[[CRC Press]] |location=USA |isbn=978-1-4200-3924-5 |chapter=Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list) |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ulbMBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA375 }}</ref> * First United Methodist Church * Lufkin Azalea Trail, {{convert|1.9|mi|adj=on}} public nature trail * Medford Collection of American Western Art, the contemporary art collection at the Lufkin City Hall * [[Museum of East Texas]], exhibits on regional history and art * [[Naranjo Museum of Natural History]] * Pine Valley Raceway, ¼-mile drag strip located ten miles southwest of Lufkin. * [[Pines Theater]], refurbished multiuse facility in downtown, seats 459 * Texas Forestry Museum features exhibits about forestry of the Lufkin and East Texas area. <gallery widths="180px" class="center"> File:Ward R. Burke Courthouse, Lufkin, TX IMG 3949.JPG|Ward R. Burke United States Courthouse File:Texas Forestry Museum, Lufkin, TX IMG 8594.JPG|Texas Forestry Museum File:Sawmill worker's house, Texas Forestry Museum IMG 8587.JPG|Replica of a sawmill worker's house at the Texas Forestry Museum File:Pines Theater, Lufkin, TX IMG 3938.JPG|Pines Theater File:Naranjo Auditorium, Lufkin, TX IMG 3964.JPG|Naranjo Auditorium </gallery> ==Government== [[File:Lufkin, TX, City Hall IMG_3947.JPG|thumb|right|City hall]] [[File:Lufkin, TX Municipal Court IMG 3946.JPG|thumb|right|Municipal Court]] [[File:Ward R. Burke Courthouse, Lufkin, TX IMG 3949.JPG|thumb|right|Ward R. Burke Courthouse]] Lufkin in comparison to the U.S. average leans more conservative politically. However, the city leans more liberal than Angelina County and the state Texas' averages.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bestplaces.net/voting/city/texas/lufkin |access-date=10 December 2020 |title=Lufkin, TX Politics & Voting |archive-date=July 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728211444/http://www.bestplaces.net/voting/city/texas/lufkin |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Federal government=== Lufkin falls under [[Texas's 17th congressional district]],<ref name="DistrictViewer">{{Cite web |title=DistrictViewer |url=https://dvr.capitol.texas.gov/Congress/2/PLANC2193 |access-date=2023-09-22 |website=dvr.capitol.texas.gov}}</ref> which is currently represented by [[Republican Party (U.S.)|Republican]] [[Pete Sessions]].<ref name="DistrictViewer"/> The [[United States Senate|senators]] who represent Texas are [[Ted Cruz]] and [[John Cornyn]], who are both Republicans.<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S. Senate: Senators of the 116th Congress |url=https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?State=TX |website=senate.gov |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812190459/https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?State=TX |url-status=live }}</ref> ===State government=== In the [[Texas House of Representatives]], Lufkin falls under district 57 and is represented by Republican [[Trent Ashby]], who is a resident of Lufkin.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Representatives |first1=Texas House of |title=Texas House of Representatives |url=https://house.texas.gov/members/member-page/?district=57 |website=house.texas.gov |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=March 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304083304/https://house.texas.gov/members/member-page/?district=57 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the [[Texas Senate]] Lufkin falls under [[Texas Senate, District 3|district 3]] and is represented by Republican [[Robert Nichols (politician)|Robert Nichols]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Elected Officials Districts: Texas Senate District 3 |url=https://www.texastribune.org/directory/districts/tx-senate/3/ |website=The Texas Tribune |access-date=3 January 2020 |language=en |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103111744/https://www.texastribune.org/directory/districts/tx-senate/3/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Municipal government=== According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, Lufkin's various funds had $38.8 million in revenue, $43.7 million in expenditures, $85.7 million in total assets, $5.3 million in total liabilities, and $14.9 million in cash and investments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cityoflufkin.com/finance/pdfs/2018/Complete%202017%20CAFR.pdf|last=Wright P.E. |first=Keith N.|date=June 12, 2018|title=City of Lufkin, Texas Comprehensive Annual Financial Report For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2017 pg.32-41|access-date=July 8, 2019}}</ref> The City of Lufkin has a [[council-manager]] form of government. The city is divided into six city council districts, and the mayor is elected by a citywide vote. All elected positions are elected on a [[Non-partisan democracy|nonpartisan]] ballot, as required by Texas law. The city council's responsibility is to make all legislative and policy decisions, while the responsibility of the city manager is to decide all administrative decisions.<ref>{{cite web |title=City of Lufkin |url=http://cityoflufkin.com/government.htm |website=cityoflufkin.com |access-date=4 January 2020 |archive-date=February 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204070421/http://cityoflufkin.com/government.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! District !! Name |-} | Mayor || Mark Hicks |- | 1 || Guessippina Bonner |- | 2 || Robert Shankle |- | 3 || Brent Watkins |- | 4 || Kim Ogden |- | 5 || Jimmy Ford |- | 6 || Adam Lowther |} *[[City Manager]], Kevin Gee<ref>{{cite web |title=City of Lufkin |url=http://www.cityoflufkin.com/Staff/wright.htm |website=cityoflufkin.com |access-date=4 January 2020 |archive-date=December 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226184655/http://cityoflufkin.com/staff/wright.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> *[[Secretary (title)|City Secretary]], Kara Andrepont<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cityoflufkin.com/cs/index.htm|date=February 2012|title=Lufkin City Council|work=City of Lufkin|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708201251/http://cityoflufkin.com/cs/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> ====Crime==== In 2018, Lufkin's crime rate was 4,666 crimes per 100,000 persons, which was an overall decrease by 2% from 2017; 134 violent crimes and 1,403 property crimes were reported.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cityoflufkin.com/police/pdfs/2019/2018_AnnualReportFINAL.pdf |access-date=4 January 2020 |title=Archived copy |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104050946/http://cityoflufkin.com/police/pdfs/2019/2018_AnnualReportFINAL.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Education== [[File:Lufkin High School.jpg|thumb|[[Lufkin High School]]]] According to the [[United States Census Bureau]] 80.7% of people in Lufkin above the age of 25 are high-school graduates or higher. About 21.5% of people 25 and older have a [[bachelor's degree]] or higher.<ref name="estimate"/> Almost all of Lufkin's [[State school|public schools]] are operated by the [[Lufkin Independent School District]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,lufkin%20h%20s,z,75901,t,pb,i,1113759.cfm |access-date=4 January 2020 |title=Archived copy |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308144149/https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,lufkin%20h%20s,z,75901,t,pb,i,1113759.cfm |url-status=live }}</ref> with a few small sections in the west within the [[Hudson Independent School District]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,hudson%20h%20s,z,75904,t,pb,i,1106822.cfm |access-date=4 January 2020 |title=Archived copy |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308144149/https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,hudson%20h%20s,z,75904,t,pb,i,1106822.cfm |url-status=live }}</ref> A very small portion of the city on [[U.S. Route 69|Highway 69]] is within [[Central ISD]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,central%20j%20h,z,75969,t,pb,i,1107290.cfm |access-date=4 January 2020 |title=Archived copy |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308144149/https://texas.hometownlocator.com/schools/profiles,n,central%20j%20h,z,75969,t,pb,i,1107290.cfm |url-status=live }}</ref> Lufkin also has a small charter school, [[Pineywoods Community Academy]], that serves grades [[Pre-K]]–[[Twelfth grade|12]] and is an early college high school.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pineywoods Community Academy : About PCA |url=http://pcacharter.net/about/ |website=pcacharter.net |access-date=4 January 2020 |archive-date=January 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102054821/http://pcacharter.net/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Additionally, Lufkin is served by two small [[private schools]], St. Cyprian's Episcopal School<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/texas/story/2018/oct/01/chicken-coop-project-turns-high-tech-east-texas-students/745775/|date=October 1, 2018|title=Chicken coop project turns high tech for East Texas students|work=[[Texarkana Gazette]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708195632/http://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/texas/story/2018/oct/01/chicken-coop-project-turns-high-tech-east-texas-students/745775/|url-status=live}}</ref> and St. Patrick Catholic School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.niche.com/k12/st-patrick-catholic-school-lufkin-tx/|title=St. Patrick Catholic School|work=[[Niche (company)|Niche]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708195632/https://www.niche.com/k12/st-patrick-catholic-school-lufkin-tx/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Angelina College]], a [[community college]], is located in Lufkin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Angelina College {{!}} Find your future. |url=http://www.angelina.edu/ |access-date=3 January 2020 |archive-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230132849/http://www.angelina.edu/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The college has roughly 5,000 students.<ref>{{cite web |title=Angelina College Profile (2019-20) {{!}} Lufkin, TX |url=https://www.communitycollegereview.com/angelina-college-profile |website=Community College Review |access-date=4 January 2020 |language=en |archive-date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104035926/https://www.communitycollegereview.com/angelina-college-profile |url-status=live }}</ref> Additionally, [[Stephen F. Austin State University]] is located not far away in [[Nacogdoches, Texas]]. ==Infrastructure== ===Transportation=== Lufkin is served by [[U.S. Route 69 in Texas|U.S. Highway 69]], [[U.S. Route 59 in Texas|U.S. Highway 59]], [[Texas State Highway 94|State Highway 94]], and [[Texas State Highway 103|State Highway 103]]. Lufkin will be served by the extension to [[Interstate 69 in Texas|Interstate 69]], which is planned to run from the [[Canada–United States border|Canada–US border]] at [[Port Huron, Michigan]], to the [[Mexico–United States border|Texas/Mexico border]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.i69texasalliance.com/i69.html|title=Where Interstate 69 in Texas Stands Today|work=Alliance for I-69 Texas|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=November 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121213312/http://www.i69texasalliance.com/i69.html|url-status=live}}</ref> General aviation service is provided by [[Angelina County Airport]]. The [[Coach USA|Coach USA bus lines]] serve Lufkin, carried under the Kerrville Bus Company. [[Brazos Transit District]] (formerly Brazos Valley Transit Authority) provides regularly scheduled public bus service in the Lufkin area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.btd.org/lufkin/|title=Lufkin|work=[[Brazos Transit District]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722203011/http://www.btd.org/lufkin/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Angelina and Neches River Railroad]] (A&NR) runs through Lufkin. It has an approximate length of {{convert|20|mi}} and connects with the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] lines. ===Health care=== Lufkin is served by two hospitals: [[CHI St. Luke's Health]] Memorial (formerly Memorial Health System of East Texas at Lufkin), which includes the Arthur Temple Sr. Regional Cancer Center, and Woodland Heights Medical Center. ==Media== ===Newspaper=== * ''[[The Lufkin Daily News]]'' ===Television=== * [[KTRE]]: KTRE Channel 9 (ABC) * [[KYTX]]: KYTX Channel 19 (CBS) * KFXK-LP: KFXL Channel 30 (FOX) * KLNM-LD: Millennium Communications (AmericaOne) Digital 42.1 and 42.2(AMGTV) ===Radio=== ====AM stations==== * [[KRBA]]: 1340 AM The Pioneer radio station in East Texas. Established in 1938. (News/Talk, Variety) * [[KSML (AM)]]: ESPN 1260 (Sports) * [[KSFA]]: News Talk 860 (News/Talk) * [[XEG-AM|XEG]]: 1050 AM La Ranchera de Monterrey (Regional Mexican) (Night Time) ====FM stations==== * [[KAXM]]: 90.1 Your East Texas Alternative (College) * [[KYKS]]: Kicks 105 (Country) * [[KJCS (FM)|KJCS]]: 103 The Bull (Classic Country) * [[KYBI]]: Y100 (Country) * [[KSML-FM]]: Super Mix 101.9 (Regional Mexican) * [[KAFX-FM]]: KFOX 95.5 (Top 40) * [[KLDN]]: Red River Radio (NPR) * [[KTBQ]]: Classic Rock Q107 (Classic Rock) * [[KVLL]]: La Mejor 94.7 (Regional Mexican) * [[KSWP]]: 90.9 KSWP (Contemporary Christian) * [[KAVX]]: KAVX 91.9 (Christian talk) * [[KXXE]]: The New Country Channel (Hot Country) * [[KOYE]]: La Invasora 97.5 (Regional Mexican) * [[KLVH (FM)|KLVH]]: [[K-Love]] 97.1 (Contemporary Christian) * [[KGFZ]]: Z-97.7 (Hip Hop/R&B) * [[KHPT]]: The Eagle 106.9 (107.5 simulcast [[KGLK]]) (Classic Rock) ==Notable people== <!-- Note: · Only people who already have a Wikipedia article may appear here. This establishes notability. · The biographical article must mention how they are associated with <city name>, whether born, raised, or residing. · The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited. · Alphabetical by last name please · All others will be deleted without further explanation --> * [[Jacques Abram]], classical pianist * [[Trent Ashby]], member of the [[Texas House of Representatives]] from Lufkin * [[Louis Beam]], American [[white supremacist]] and [[neo-fascism|neo-fascist]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Louis Beam |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/louis-beam |publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center |access-date=26 February 2023 |archive-date=February 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226210931/https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/louis-beam |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Brandon Belt]], [[Toronto Blue Jays]] [[first baseman]] and [[2012 World Series|2012]] and [[2014 World Series|2014]] [[World Series]] champion with the [[San Francisco Giants]] * [[Dez Bryant]], former [[Oklahoma State University]] standout; former [[Dallas Cowboys]] wide receiver * [[Carrington Byndom]], former [[Carolina Panthers]] cornerback, current NFL Free Agent * [[Corey Clark]], [[American Idol]] contestant, famous for his alleged affair with [[Paula Abdul]] * [[Keke Coutee]], [[Houston Texans]] wide receiver * [[Anthony Denman]], former NFL linebacker * [[Medford Bryan Evans]], college professor, author, conservative political activist * [[Jermichael Finley]], former [[Texas Longhorns football]] and [[Green Bay Packers]] player * [[William Delbert Gann]], finance trader * [[Rex Hadnot]], former guard with [[Houston Cougars]] and [[San Diego Chargers]] * [[Dante Hall]], former [[Texas A&M]] [[Kansas City Chiefs]] and [[St. Louis Rams]] player * [[Max Hopper]], modern-era CIO and a founding father of IT-inspired competitive advantage * [[Ken Houston]], played for the [[Houston Oilers]] and [[Washington Redskins]] * [[Ray Jones (American football)|Ray Jones]], former NFL defensive back * [[Reagan Jones]], founder and vocalist of electronica band [[Iris (American band)|Iris]] * [[Terrence Kiel]], former Texas A&M University and [[San Diego Chargers]] safety * [[Jorvorskie Lane]], former [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] and Texas A&M University football player * [[Abe Martin (Texas coach)|Abe Martin]], college football coach * [[Reggie McNeal]], former player with Texas A&M University and [[Cincinnati Bengals]] * [[Don Muhlbach]], former Texas A&M player; current [[Detroit Lions]] long snapper * [[Tom Murphy (pitcher)|Tom Murphy]], former [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher * [[Ja'Lynn Polk]], former [[University of Washington]] and [[New England Patriots]] wide receiver * [[Jim Reese (musician)|Jim Reese]], former guitarist for [[the Bobby Fuller Four]] * [[Joe Robb]], former NFL lineman * [[Ryan Rottman]], actor * [[Pete Runnels]], former infielder with various teams * [[Kimberly Saenz]], convicted serial killer * [[Chris Seelbach (baseball)|Chris Seelbach]], former [[Atlanta Braves]] pitcher<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/player/_/id/3378/chris-seelbach|title=Chris Seelbach|work=[[ESPN]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708172409/http://www.espn.com/mlb/player/_/id/3378/chris-seelbach|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Jacoby Shepherd]], former NFL cornerback * [[Allan Shivers]], 37th Texas governor, 1949–1957 * [[Tedashii]], Christian rapper * [[Buddy Temple]], businessman and former politician * [[T. J. Turner (defensive lineman)|T. J. Turner]], former NFL defensive end * [[Charlie Wilson (Texas politician)|Charlie Wilson]], former U.S. Representative best known for [[Operation Cyclone]] * [[J. Frank Wilson]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fwibs|last=Bonura|first=Larry S.|title=Wilson, John Frank|work=[[Texas State Historical Association]]|access-date=July 8, 2019|archive-date=July 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709000700/https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fwibs|url-status=live}}</ref> lead vocalist of [[J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Portal|Texas}} {{Sister project links|auto=1|d=y|n=y}} *{{Official website|http://www.cityoflufkin.com/}} {{Lufkin, Texas}} {{Navboxes | title = Articles Relating to Lufkin | list = {{Angelina County, Texas}} {{Lufkin-Nacogdoches Radio}} {{Texas}} {{Texas county seats}} }} {{Angelina County, Texas}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Lufkin, Texas| ]] [[Category:Cities in Angelina County, Texas]] [[Category:Cities in Texas]] [[Category:County seats in Texas]] [[Category:Micropolitan areas of Texas]]
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