Editing Lower Makefield Township, Pennsylvania

{{short description|Township in Pennsylvania, US}}
{{Distinguish|Upper Makefield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Lower Makefield Township
| official_name            = 
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| settlement_type          = [[Township (Pennsylvania)|Township]]
| image_skyline            = LowerMakefieldTwp EdgefieldVillageHD.jpg
| image_alt                = 
| image_caption            = Scene in [[Village of Edgewood Historic District|Edgewood]]
| image_flag               = Flag of Lower Makefield Township, Pennsylvania.png
| image_seal               = Lower Makefield seal.jpg
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| image_map1               = Bucks county - Lower Makefield Township.png
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| map_caption1             = Location of Lower Makefield Township in Bucks County
| pushpin_map              = USA Pennsylvania#USA
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| pushpin_label            = Lower Makefield Township
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| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in Pennsylvania and the United States
| coordinates              = {{coord|40|13|32|N|74|49|56|W|region:US-PA_type:city(32559)|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_name2        = [[Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Bucks]]
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| area_total_sq_mi         = 18.28
| area_land_sq_mi          = 17.87
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.41
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| elevation_ft             = 121
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| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
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| population_total         = 33,180
| pop_est_as_of            = 2021
| pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="USCensusEst2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|access-date=June 9, 2017}}</ref>
| population_est           = 33,267
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| timezone1                = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset1              = -5
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| area_codes               = [[Area codes 215, 267, and 445|215, 267, and 445]]
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| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 42-017-44968
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| blank2_name_sec2         = Wikimedia Commons
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| website                  = {{URL| https://www.lmt.org/}}
| footnotes                = 
}}

'''Lower Makefield Township''' is a [[Township (Pennsylvania)|township]] in [[Bucks County, Pennsylvania]], United States. Lower Makefield Township is located in the [[Delaware Valley]] and borders the [[Delaware River]] and [[New Jersey]] to its north and east. Most addresses in the township have a [[Yardley, Pennsylvania|Yardley]] address; the township surrounds the borough of Yardley on its north, south, and west.

Neighboring towns and cities in New Jersey are [[Hopewell Township, Mercer County, New Jersey|Hopewell Township]], [[Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing Township]], and [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]]. Additionally, the township borders [[Upper Makefield Township, Pennsylvania|Upper Makefield Township]], [[Newtown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Newtown Township, Pennsylvania]], [[Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Middletown Township, Pennsylvania]], [[Falls Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Falls Township]], and [[Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Morrisville]], and as mentioned above, surrounds [[Yardley, Pennsylvania|Yardley Borough]] on three sides.

As of the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], the population of Lower Makefield Township was 32,559, not including Yardley Borough, and it ranked first in Pennsylvania for both median household and median family income (for places with a population over 10,000);{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} however, it ranked 78th overall in the United States (between [[Westfield, New Jersey|Westfield]], [[New Jersey]] and [[Moraga, California|Moraga]], [[California]]) for [[median household income]], but non-census 2006 data indicates that since the 2000 census, it moved up to 31st for median household income (between [[Wellesley, Massachusetts|Wellesley]], [[Massachusetts]] and [[Rye (city), New York|Rye]], [[New York (state)|New York]]), and ninth for disposable household income, due to relatively low taxes and extremely low{{Clarify|reason=vague|date=July 2016}} house prices compared to other peer, very-high-income towns.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} Living expenses are lower than in the bordering [[Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing Township]], New Jersey, though Ewing's median household income is nearly half and it has a crime rate many times higher.{{Citation needed|date=July 2016}}

Lower Makefield is the largest municipality (by population) in North America without its own municipal court or post office.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} The municipal court serving Lower Makefield is in [[Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Morrisville]] (the town bordering the township to the southeast), and there are no plans to change the arrangements with Morrisville. The post office, while retaining the name of Morrisville, is located within Falls Township in which some of the township is served by the same ZIP code (19067). Previously Morrisville had a higher population, but with the growth in Lower Makefield over the past 30 years, Morrisville is now a much smaller place by both land area and population.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}

Lower Makefield Township has been a top finisher in the ''MONEY Magazine'' and CNN/Money "Best Places to Live" rankings for the Eastern region of the United States in the under 100,000 population category.{{Citation needed|date=July 2016}}

==History==
{{Expand section|date=October 2021}}
The [[Dolington Village Historic District]], [[John and Phineas Hough House]], [[Amos Palmer House (Langhorne, Pennsylvania)|Amos Palmer House]], [[Slate Hill Cemetery]], [[Benjamin Taylor Homestead]], and [[Village of Edgewood Historic District]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the township has a total area of 18.3&nbsp;square miles (47.4&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), of which 17.9&nbsp;square miles (46.5&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>)  is land and 0.4&nbsp;square mile (0.9&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>)  (1.97%) is water. Past and present villages include Schammels Corner, and Woodside.<ref name="MacReynolds">MacReynolds, George, ''Place Names in Bucks County, Pennsylvania'', Doylestown, Bucks County Historical Society, Doylestown, PA, 1942, P1.</ref>

Natural features include [[Brock Creek (Buck Creek tributary)|Brock Creek]], Common Creek, [[Core Creek (Neshaminy Creek tributary)|Core Creek]], Edge Hill, and [[Jericho Creek (Delaware River tributary)|Jericho Creek]].<ref name=MacReynolds/>

==Development and growth==
Lower Makefield has experienced explosive growth{{Clarify|reason=vague|date=July 2016}} over the past decades; however, the housing crisis severely hit the township during the 2000s, and development slowed considerably, resulting in a slight population decrease. The decrease is credited to the many college-aged students leaving the township bound for college. The housing boom of the nineties resulted in a large increase in the adolescent population, who have since reached adulthood and left the township.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/profile/PA|title=Census 2010: Pennsylvania - USATODAY.com|website=[[USA Today]]|access-date=July 20, 2016}}</ref>
Still many smaller housing developments and some corporate centers have been constructed since 2000, the latter especially the Stony Hill Road corridor around [[Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)|I-295]], beginning with office complexes 1000 to 1040 Stony Hill Road in 1998, followed by 600 to 800 Township Line Road (at Township Line and Stony Hill), 777 Township Line Road (the first green building in Bucks County), and a new age-restricted housing complex under construction at 645 Stony Hill Road, near the township's retail district.  However, the township has been well-planned and maintains a strong balance{{Clarify|reason=vague|date=July 2016}} between growth and preservation, and is considered{{By whom|date=July 2016}} to be very desirable for the high quality of life it offers residents.

On December 19, 2007, a committee was formed to work to bring a veterans' monument to Lower Makefield Township. On October 15, 2008, the Lower Makefield Supervisors unanimously approved designating the site of the farmers' market (known as Pocket Park) as a veterans' monument. On November 9, Pocket Park was officially renamed Veterans Square. The veterans committee has committed to not taking township tax dollars to build the monument and relies on contributions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.VeteransSquare.org|title=Veterans Square Monument - L ower M akefield T ownship|access-date=July 20, 2016}}</ref> The park will remain open space for use as a community farmers' market, playground, and monument.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1930= 1723
|1940= 1841
|1950= 3211
|1960= 8604
|1970= 14804
|1980= 17351
|1990= 25083
|2000= 32681
|2010= 32559
|estyear=2021
|estimate=33196
|estref=<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/lowermakefieldtownshipbuckscountypennsylvania|title=QuickFacts|access-date=August 18, 2022}}</ref>
|footnote=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dvrpc.org/data/databull/rdb/db82/appedixa.xls |title=DVRPC > Site Search |access-date=March 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409042424/https://www.dvrpc.org/data/databull/rdb/db82/appedixa.xls |archive-date=April 9, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
As of the 2010 census, the township was 87.7% Non-Hispanic White, 2.3% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 6.3% Asian, and 1.3% were two or more races. 2.4% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/profile/PA |title=Archived copy |access-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-date=February 15, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215053518/http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/profile/PA |url-status=dead }}</ref>

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 32,681 people, 11,706 households, and 9,388 families residing in the township. The population density was {{convert|1,821.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 11,931 housing units at an average density of {{convert|665.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the township was 93.32% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.81% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.07% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.72% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.29% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.78% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.42% of the population.

There were 11,706 households, out of which 40.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.8% were non-families. 16.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the township, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $98,090, and the median income for a family was $106,908 (these figures had risen to $112,677 and $128,314 respectively as of a 2007 estimate<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_DP3YR3&-ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_&-tree_id=3307&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=06000US4201744968&-format=&-_lang=en |title=American FactFinder - Results |access-date=March 31, 2009 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200210215123/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_DP3YR3&-ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_&-tree_id=3307&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=06000US4201744968&-format=&-_lang=en |archive-date=February 10, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>). Males had a median income of $80,329 versus $47,138 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the township was $43,983.  About 1.8% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 2.8% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
{{stack|[[File:2022-09-14 12 29 28 View east along Interstate 295 (Delaware Expressway) from the overpass for Quarry Road in Lower Makefield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.jpg|right|thumb|I-295 eastbound in Lower Makefield Township]]}}
As of 2018 there were {{convert|175.27|mi}} of public roads in Lower Makefield Township, of which {{convert|37.07|mi}} were maintained by the [[Pennsylvania Department of Transportation]] (PennDOT) and {{convert|138.20|mi}} were maintained by the township.<ref name=PennDOTmap>{{cite web|url=https://gis.penndot.gov/BPR_pdf_files/Maps/Type5/09211.pdf|title=Lower Makefield Township map|publisher=PennDOT|access-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref>

[[Interstate 295 in Pennsylvania|Interstate 295]] is the main highway serving Lower Makefield Township. It follows a southwest-to-northeast alignment across western and northern sections of the township, utilizing the [[Scudder Falls Bridge]] to cross the [[Delaware River]] into [[New Jersey]]. The headquarters of the [[Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission]] are located adjacent to the bridge's Lower Makefield terminus. [[Pennsylvania Route 32]] follows River Road on a southeast-to-northwest alignment along northeastern portions of the township, parallel to the Delaware River. [[Pennsylvania Route 332]] follows Newtown-Yardley Road on an east-west alignment through the middle of the township. [[Pennsylvania Route 532]] briefly crosses the far northwestern corner of the township, while [[U.S. Route 1 in Pennsylvania|U.S. Route 1]] briefly crosses the far southern corner.

[[SEPTA]] provides [[SEPTA Suburban Bus|Suburban Bus]] service to the southern tip of Lower Makefield Township along [[SEPTA Route 127|Route 127]], which runs between the [[Oxford Valley Mall]] near [[Langhorne, Pennsylvania|Langhorne]] and the [[Trenton Transit Center]] in [[Trenton, New Jersey]]. [[SEPTA Regional Rail]]'s [[West Trenton Line]] passes through the township but does not have any stations within it; the nearest stations are [[Woodbourne station]] in [[Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Middletown Township]] and [[Yardley station]] in [[Yardley, Pennsylvania|Yardley]].<ref name=septamap>{{cite map|title=SEPTA Official Transit & Street Map Suburban|publisher=SEPTA|url=https://www5.septa.org/wp-content/uploads/travel/map-suburban-transit-street.pdf|access-date=May 2, 2016}}</ref>

== Other ==
In addition to Lower Makefield and Yardley, postal ZIP code 19067 includes the borough of [[Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Morrisville]], located southeast of Lower Makefield Township along the Delaware River. However, Morrisville is a distinctly separate town entity and has its own government, school system, police department, fire department, and sports programs.

Lower Makefield is part of the [[Pennsbury School District]], which is a top-ranked Blue Ribbon school district in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.{{Citation needed|date=July 2016}}

In the [[September 11th attacks]] on the twin towers in [[New York City]], Lower Makefield Township lost six residents, including the captain of [[United Airlines Flight 175]], the highest number in Pennsylvania, which lost a total of 29 tower employees. This high concentration is most likely due to the large number of Manhattan [[commuters]] who live there.  The Garden of Reflection Memorial in Lower Makefield went into development shortly after the attacks as a dedication to the 17 Bucks County residents who died in the attacks, and it also honors all of the 2,973 victims who lost their lives. The State of Pennsylvania has selected The Garden of Reflection as the Official Pennsylvania 9-11 Memorial, and it was formally dedicated on September 30, 2006. The $1.4 million memorial, designed by Yardley architect Liuba Laschyk, includes twin fountains representing the towers of the World Trade Center; a Walk of Remembrance, with a series of glass panels etched with the names of the 2,973 people who lost their lives in the 9-11 attacks; and a memorial rail etched with the names of the 17 residents from Bucks County who were killed. Each year the [[Yardley Inn]] hosts a fundraiser called "Cooking with the Chef" to raise additional funding for maintenance of the Garden of Reflection.

On October 28, 2004, President [[George W. Bush]] visited with a crowd of 23,000 at Ruth Wright's {{convert|84|acre|m2|adj=on}} Broadmeadows Farm in Lower Makefield during a campaign rally for the 2004 presidential election.

Lower Makefield Township developed its own 18-hole golf course, Makefield Highlands Golf Club, which opened in 2004, and it is considered the only true links-style golf course in the Tri-State area.{{Citation needed|date=July 2016}} The club includes a par-72 course designed by Rick Jacobson, The Highlands Grille restaurant, Pro Shop, golf instruction, and full practice facility (driving range with both mat and grass areas, putting green, and chipping green with bunkers).

Shady Brook Farm is a popular location for area residents, and is located in Lower Makefield.  Shady Brook Farm has a large Farm Market and Garden Center, and hosts many events, including Pumpkin Fest and HorrorFest in the fall, Santa's Village and the Holiday Light Show during the Christmas season, and the Annual [[Easter Egg Hunt]], as well as others throughout the year, including the Wine Concert Series and Apple Festival.

In June 2006 at the 88th Annual Bucks County Fireman's Association Parade in [[Quakertown, Pennsylvania]], the all-volunteer Yardley-Makefield Fire Company won best overall fire department, as well as first place awards in the following categories:  marine unit, deputy or chief's vehicle, aerial tower, over 1,500 gallon-a-minute engine, light rescue pumper, 1965 and older motorized apparatus, and best marching unit with music.

The Slate Hill Cemetery, located at Yardley-Morrisville Rd. at Mahlon Dr. in Lower Makefield Township, is open to the public and is possibly the oldest burying grounds in Bucks County. It was established in 1690 and the earliest gravestone is dated 1698. There are a number of unmarked graves, for which dates are unknown. These unmarked graves are believed to be the final resting-places of a number of the early settlers in Lower Makefield.

[[Washington Crossing Historic Park]] is located just over the Lower Makefield Township town line in the Washington Crossing section of [[Upper Makefield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Upper Makefield Township]].  From this site, General [[George Washington]] and men of the [[Continental Army]] and militia [[George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River|crossed the Delaware River]] on the night of December&nbsp;25–26, 1776 and marched to Trenton, New Jersey. There they [[Battle of Trenton|attacked and defeated]] Hessian troops quartered in and around the village. This surprise attack and victory set the stage for Washington's subsequent victories at the [[Battle of the Assunpink Creek|Second Battle of Trenton]] and [[Battle of Princeton|Princeton]]. The Crossing and the Trenton/Princeton campaign have become known as the [[Ten Crucial Days]] — a campaign that saved Washington's army from defeat, allowing them to fight another day and achieve ultimate victory.

The township's recreational facilities include 92-acre [[Macclesfield Park]], which opened in 1989.<ref name="ref2">[http://www.lmt.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/LMT2015.pdf LMT 2015 Park and Recreation - Presentation to the Lower Makefield Township Board of Supervisors - May 20, 2009], lmt.org, Retrieved October 27, 2014</ref>

==Climate==
According to the [[Köppen climate classification]] system, Lower Makefield Township has a Hot-summer, [[Humid continental climate]] (''Dfa''). ''Dfa'' climates are characterized by at least one month having an average mean temperature ≤ {{convert|32.0|°F|1}}, at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ {{convert|50.0|°F|1}}, at least one month with an average mean temperature ≥ {{convert|71.6|°F|1}} and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. Although most summer days are slightly humid in Lower Makefield Township, episodes of heat and high humidity can occur, with [[heat index]] values > {{convert|108|°F|0}}. Since 1981, the highest air temperature was {{convert|103.5|°F|1}} on July 22, 2011, while the highest daily average mean [[dew point]] was {{convert|75.1|°F|1}} on August 13, 2016. The average wettest month is July, which corresponds with the annual peak in [[thunderstorm]] activity. Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was {{convert|6.03|in|mm|0}} on August 27, 2011. During the winter months, the average annual extreme minimum air temperature is {{convert|0.9|°F|1}}.<ref name="USDA">{{cite web|url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/InteractiveMap.aspx|publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]|access-date=October 25, 2019|title=USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map|archive-date=July 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704214427/https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/phzmweb/interactivemap.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since 1981, the coldest air temperature was {{convert|-10.3|°F|1}} on January 22, 1984. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur, with [[wind chill]] values < {{convert|-10|°F|0}}. The average annual snowfall (Nov-Apr) is between {{convert|24|in|cm|0}} and {{convert|30|in|cm|0}}. [[Ice storm]]s and large snowstorms depositing ≥ {{convert|12|in|cm|0}} of snow occur once every few years, particularly during [[nor’easter]]s from December through February.

{{Weather box	
| width = auto	
| single line = Y	
| location = Lower Makefield Township, elevation {{convert|138|ft|m|0|abbr=on}}, 1981-2010 normals, extremes 1981-2018	
| Jan record high F  =	71.4
| Feb record high F  =	77.6
| Mar record high F  =	87.4
| Apr record high F  =	94.2
| May record high F  =	95.2
| Jun record high F  =	96.5
| Jul record high F  =	103.5
| Aug record high F  =	100.0
| Sep record high F  =	98.1
| Oct record high F  =	89.1
| Nov record high F  =	80.9
| Dec record high F  =	75.7
| year record high F =	103.5
| Jan high F  =   	39.8
| Feb high F  =   	43.0
| Mar high F  =   	51.3
| Apr high F  =   	63.4
| May high F  =   	72.8
| Jun high F  =   	82.1
| Jul high F  =   	86.4
| Aug high F  =   	84.6
| Sep high F  =   	77.7
| Oct high F  =   	66.4
| Nov high F  =   	55.5
| Dec high F  =   	44.3
| year high F =   	64.0
| Jan mean F  =   	31.6
| Feb mean F  =   	34.3
| Mar mean F  =   	41.7
| Apr mean F  =   	52.5
| May mean F  =   	61.8
| Jun mean F  =   	71.4
| Jul mean F  =   	76.1
| Aug mean F  =  	74.5
| Sep mean F  =   	67.2
| Oct mean F  =   	55.6
| Nov mean F  =   	46.1
| Dec mean F  =   	36.3
| year mean F =   	54.2
| Jan low F  =   	23.4
| Feb low F  =   	25.6
| Mar low F  =   	32.1
| Apr low F  =   	41.6
| May low F  =   	50.9
| Jun low F  =   	60.7
| Jul low F  =   	65.7
| Aug low F  =   	64.3
| Sep low F  =   	56.7
| Oct low F  =   	44.8
| Nov low F  =   	36.6
| Dec low F  =   	28.2
| year low F =   	44.3
| Jan record low F  =	-10.3
| Feb record low F  =	-2.5
| Mar record low F  =	4.1
| Apr record low F  =	18.0
| May record low F  =	33.8
| Jun record low F  =	41.8
| Jul record low F  =	47.9
| Aug record low F  =	42.7
| Sep record low F  =	36.0
| Oct record low F  =	25.3
| Nov record low F  =	12.1
| Dec record low F  =	0.0
| year record low F =	-10.3
| precipitation colour = green	
| Jan precipitation inch  =   	3.55
| Feb precipitation inch  =   	2.80
| Mar precipitation inch  =   	4.24
| Apr precipitation inch  =   	3.96
| May precipitation inch  =   	4.24
| Jun precipitation inch  =   	4.36
| Jul precipitation inch  =   	5.26
| Aug precipitation inch  =   	4.28
| Sep precipitation inch  =   	4.41
| Oct precipitation inch  =   	3.76
| Nov precipitation inch  =   	3.59
| Dec precipitation inch  =   	4.09
| year precipitation inch =   	48.54
| humidity colour = green	
| Jan humidity    =	65.9
| Feb humidity    =	62.2
| Mar humidity    =	58.0
| Apr humidity    =	57.0
| May humidity    =	62.4
| Jun humidity    =	66.1
| Jul humidity    =	66.2
| Aug humidity    =	68.6
| Sep humidity    =	70.0
| Oct humidity    =	68.8
| Nov humidity    =	67.1
| Dec humidity    =	67.0
| year humidity   =	65.0
| Jan dew point F =	21.5
| Feb dew point F =	22.7
| Mar dew point F =	28.0
| Apr dew point F =	37.7
| May dew point F =	48.8
| Jun dew point F =	59.5
| Jul dew point F =	64.0
| Aug dew point F =	63.5
| Sep dew point F =	57.1
| Oct dew point F =	45.5
| Nov dew point F =	35.8
| Dec dew point F =	26.4
| year dew point F =	42.6
| source = PRISM<ref name=prism>{{cite web |url=http://prism.oregonstate.edu/explorer/|title=PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University|access-date=October 25, 2019 }}</ref>}}

==Ecology==
According to the [[A. W. Kuchler]] U.S. [[potential natural vegetation]] types, Lower Makefield Township would have a dominant vegetation type of Appalachian [[Oak]] (''104'') with a dominant vegetation form of Eastern [[Hardwood]] Forest (''25'').<ref name="Conservation Biology Institute">{{cite web|url=https://databasin.org/datasets/1c7a301c8e6843f2b4fe63fdb3a9fe39|access-date= October 25, 2019|title=U.S. Potential Natural Vegetation, Original Kuchler Types, v2.0 (Spatially Adjusted to Correct Geometric Distortions)}}</ref> The [[plant hardiness zone]] is 7a with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of {{convert|0.9|°F|1}}.<ref name="USDA" /> The spring bloom typically begins by April 8 and fall color usually peaks by November 2.

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.lmt.org/ Official township website]

{{Bucks County, Pennsylvania}}
{{Delaware Valley}}
{{Pennsylvania}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Pennsylvania populated places on the Delaware River]]
[[Category:Townships in Bucks County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Townships in Pennsylvania]]