Editing London Borough of Islington

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}
{{redirect|Borough of Islington|the borough between 1900 and 1965|Metropolitan Borough of Islington}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                     = <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->
| official_name            = London Borough of Islington
| other_name               = 
| settlement_type          = [[London borough]]
<!-- transliteration(s) -------->
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline            = Islington Town Hall, April 2021.jpg
| imagesize                = 260px
| image_alt                = 
| image_caption            = [[Islington Town Hall]]
| image_shield             = Coat of Arms of the London Borough of Islington.svg
| shield_size              = 100px
| shield_alt               = 
| shield_link              = 
| image_blank_emblem       = File:IslingtonCouncil.svg
| blank_emblem_type        = Council logo
| blank_emblem_size        = 170px
| blank_emblem_alt         = 
| blank_emblem_link        = 
| motto                    = We Serve <!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map                = Islington in Greater London.svg
| map_alt                  = 
| map_caption              = Islington shown within [[Greater London]]
| coor_pinpoint            = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates              = 
| coordinates_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Sovereign state]]
| subdivision_name         = [[United Kingdom]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Country of the United Kingdom|Constituent country]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[England]]
| subdivision_type3        = [[Regions of England|Region]]
| subdivision_name3        = [[Greater London|London]]
| subdivision_type4        = [[Ceremonial county]]
| subdivision_name4        = [[Greater London]]
| established_title        = Created
| established_date         = 1 April 1965
| established_title1       = 
| established_date1        = 
| named_for                = <!-- seat, smaller parts -->
| seat_type                = Admin HQ
| seat                     = [[Islington Town Hall]], 
[[Upper Street]], Islington
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_type          = [[London borough council]]
| governing_body           = [[Islington London Borough Council]]
| leader_title2            = London&nbsp;Assembly
| leader_name2             = [[Sem Moema]] (Labour) AM for [[North East (London Assembly constituency)|North East]]
| leader_title3            = [[List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election|MPs]]
| leader_name3             = [[Jeremy Corbyn]] (Independent) <br /> [[Emily Thornberry]] (Labour)
| total_type               = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref                = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
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| area_total_km2           = 14.86
| area_total_sq_mi         = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_total_dunam         = <!-- used in Middle East articles only -->
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| area_metro_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_metro_km2           = 
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| area_rank                = {{English district area rank|ONS=00AU|GSS=E09000019}} [[List of English districts by area|(of {{English district total}})]]
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| area_blank2_sq_mi        = <!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total         = {{English district population|ONS=00AU|GSS=E09000019}}
| population_as_of         = {{United Kingdom statistics year}}
| population_rank          = {{English district rank|ONS=00AU|GSS=E09000019}} [[List of English districts by population|(of {{English district total}})]]
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| population_blank2_title  = 
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| population_demonym       = <!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone                 = [[GMT]]
| utc_offset               = ±00:00{{!}}UTC
| timezone_DST             = [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| utc_offset_DST           = +1
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type         = [[Postcodes in the United Kingdom|Postcodes]]
| postal_code              = {{postcode|EC}}, {{postcode|N}}, {{postcode|NW}}, {{postcode|WC}}
| area_code_type           = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code                = [[020]]
| geocode                  = 
| iso_code                 = GB-ISL
| registration_plate       = <!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank1_name              = [[ONS code]]
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| blank2_info              = E09000019
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| blank_name_sec2          = [[List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom|Police]]
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<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                  = https://www.islington.gov.uk/
| footnotes                = 
}}

The '''London Borough of Islington''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-uk-LBIslington.ogg|ˈ|ɪ|z|l|ɪ|ŋ|t|ə|n|}} {{respell|IZ|ling|tən}}) is a [[London borough|borough]] in [[North London]], England. Forming part of [[Inner London]], Islington has an estimated population of 215,667. It was formed in 1965, under the [[London Government Act 1963]], by the amalgamation of the [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London|metropolitan borough]]s of [[Metropolitan Borough of Islington|Islington]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury|Finsbury]].<ref>{{cite web |title=London Government Act 1963 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1963/33 |website=Legislation.gov.uk|access-date=26 March 2021}}</ref>

The new entity remains the [[List of English districts by area|second smallest borough]] in London and the third-smallest [[Districts of England|district in England]]. The borough contains two Westminster [[United Kingdom Parliament constituencies|parliamentary constituencies]]; [[Islington North]], represented by former [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] leader [[Jeremy Corbyn]], and [[Islington South & Finsbury]] represented by Labour [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] [[Emily Thornberry]]. The local authority is [[Islington Council]]. The borough is home to [[Association football|football]] club [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]], one of the [[Premier League]] clubs in England, and its home [[Emirates Stadium]].

==Etymology==
Islington was originally named by the Saxons ''Giseldone'' (1005), then ''Gislandune'' (1062). The name means 'Gīsla's hill' from the Old English [[personal name]] Gīsla and ''dun'' '[[hill]]', 'down'. The name then later mutated to ''Isledon'', which remained in use well into the 17th century when the modern form arose.<ref name=Growth>{{cite book|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=6734 |title='Islington: Growth', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 8: Islington and Stoke Newington parishes |date=1985 |pages=9–19 |access-date=13 March 2007}}</ref> In medieval times, Islington was just one of many small manors in the area, along with ''Bernersbury'', ''Neweton Berewe'' or ''Hey-bury'', and ''Canonesbury'' (Barnsbury, Highbury and Canonbury – names first recorded in the 13th and 14th centuries). "Islington" came to be applied as the name for the parish covering these villages, which became the [[Metropolitan Borough of Islington]] in 1900. On the merger with Finsbury to form the modern borough, the Islington name was used for the whole borough.

==History==
The area of the modern borough had historically been part of the county of [[Middlesex]]. From 1856 the area was governed by the [[Metropolitan Board of Works]], which was established to provide services across the [[metropolis]] of London.<ref>[[Metropolis Management Act 1855]] (18 & 19 Vict. c. 120)</ref> In 1889 the Metropolitan Board of Works' area was made the [[County of London]]. From 1856 until 1900 the lower tier of local government within the metropolis comprised various [[List of London vestries and district boards|parish vestries and district boards]]. In 1900 the lower tier was reorganised into [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London|metropolitan boroughs]], two of which were called [[Metropolitan Borough of Islington|Islington]] and [[Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury|Finsbury]], the latter covering the combined area of the parishes of [[Clerkenwell]], [[St Luke's, London|St Luke]] and [[St Sepulchre (parish)|St Sepulchre]], and the [[extra-parochial area]]s of [[London Charterhouse|Charterhouse]] and [[Glasshouse Yard]].{{efn|Glasshouse Yard and St Sepulchre had been part of the [[Holborn District Board of Works]] until 1900}}<ref>{{cite web|publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth|title= Finsbury CP through time: Census tables with data for the Parish-level Unit, A Vision of Britain through Time|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10234013 |access-date= 19 February 2015}}</ref><ref>[[London Government Act 1899]] (62 & 63 Vict. c. 14)</ref>

The modern borough was created in 1965 under the [[London Government Act 1963]]. It was a merger of the old Islington and Finsbury metropolitan boroughs.<ref>{{cite book | first=Frederic |last=Youngs | title=Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England | volume=I: Southern England | year=1979 | publisher=[[Royal Historical Society]] | location=London | isbn=0-901050-67-9}}</ref>

==Geography==
The southern part of the borough, south of the [[A501 road|A501]] Pentonville Road and City Road, forms part of the [[London congestion charge|central London congestion charging zone]] and the [[Ultra Low Emission Zone]].  A significant part of the southern section of the borough borders the [[City of London]], with the area to the west bordering the [[London Borough of Camden]]. The central London area includes [[Farringdon station|Farringdon]] and [[Old Street station|Old Street]] stations both in Zone 1.

===Districts===
{{See also|Islington parks and open spaces}}
Areas in the borough include:
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Angel, London|Angel]]
* [[Archway, London|Archway]]
* [[Barnsbury]]
* [[Canonbury]]
* [[Clerkenwell]]
* [[Farringdon, London|Farringdon]]
* [[Finsbury]]
* [[Finsbury Park (district)|Finsbury Park]] (split between three boroughs. Other boroughs are [[London Borough of Haringey]] and [[London Borough of Hackney]]).
* [[Highbury]] 
* [[Highgate]] (split between three boroughs. Other boroughs are [[London Borough of Haringey]] and [[London Borough of Camden]]).
* [[Holloway, London|Holloway]]
* [[Islington]]
* [[Kings Cross, London|Kings Cross]]
* [[Lower Holloway]]
* [[Newington Green|Mildmay]]
* [[Nag's Head, London|Nag's Head]]
* [[Newington Green]]
* [[Old Street]]
* [[Pentonville]]
* [[St Luke's, London|St Luke's]]
* [[Tufnell Park]]
* [[Upper Holloway]]
{{div col end}}

==Governance==
{{main|Islington London Borough Council}}
[[File:IslingtonTownHall.jpg|right|thumb|[[Islington Town Hall]]]]
The local authority is Islington Council, based at [[Islington Town Hall]] on Upper Street.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.islington.gov.uk/about/contact-complaints/visitingoffices/Pages/townhall.aspx |title=Islington Town Hall|publisher=Islington Council |access-date=22 July 2014}}</ref>

===Greater London representation===
Since 2000, for elections to the [[London Assembly]], the borough forms part of the [[North East (London Assembly constituency)|North East]] constituency.

===UK Parliament===
{{Further|List of parliamentary constituencies in Islington}}
Islington is represented by two parliamentary constituencies. [[Islington North]] is represented by [[Jeremy Corbyn]], elected in 2024 as an [[Independent politician|independent]]. He was formerly a member of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], and was its leader and the Leader of Her Majesty's Opposition between 2015 and 2020. [[Islington South and Finsbury]] is represented by [[Emily Thornberry]], former Shadow First Secretary of State and Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs and current Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]].

==Economy==
In the [[Victorian Age]], some parts of Islington such as [[Clerkenwell]] were known for their [[poverty]], which [[George Gissing]] describes in his [[naturalism (literature)|naturalist]] novel, [[The Nether World]] (1889). Since this time, Islington has been a subject of [[gentrification]] and with the median house price rising rapidly since the [[2020 pandemic]]. With new headquarters for [[Facebook]] and [[Google]] close to the edge of the borough, along with Lawyer offices [[Slaughter & May]] on the edge of the borough, near the [[City of London]], the borough has seen a steady house prices, with median incomes rising significantly.
 
[[File:Shoreditch inmarsat building 1.jpg|left|thumb|[[Inmarsat]] head office]]
[[Inmarsat]] has its head office in the borough.<ref>"[http://www.inmarsat.com/privacy-policy/ Privacy Policy]." Inmarsat. Retrieved on 26 March 2014. "99 City Road London EC1Y 1AX United Kingdom"</ref>

==Major public and private bodies==

===Prisons===
There is one prison in Islington, a men's prison, [[HM Prison Pentonville]]. Until it closed in 2016 there was also a women's prison [[HM Prison Holloway]], which in the early 20th century was used to hold many [[suffragette]]s.

==Transport==
The Borough boasts a large transport network for rail, bus, cycles and road users.

===London Underground===
There are ten London Underground stations in the borough across [[London fare zones]] 1, 2 and 3. These stations are principally served by the [[Northern line|Northern]], [[Piccadilly line|Piccadilly]] and [[Victoria line|Victoria]] lines, although the [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle]], [[Hammersmith & City]] and [[Metropolitan line|Metropolitan]] lines also pass through the Borough:
* [[Angel tube station|Angel]] {{Rail-interchange|london|northern}} 
* [[Archway tube station|Archway]] {{Rint|london|northern}}
* [[Arsenal tube station|Arsenal]] {{Rint|london|piccadilly}}
* [[Caledonian Road tube station|Caledonian Road]] {{Rint|london|piccadilly}}
* [[Farringdon station|Farringdon]] {{Rint|london|circle}} {{Rint|london|h&c}} {{Rint|london|metropolitan}} {{Rint|london|crossrail}} ''{{Rint|gb|rail}}''
* [[Finsbury Park station|Finsbury Park]] {{Rint|london|piccadilly}} {{Rint|london|victoria}} ''{{Rint|gb|rail}}''
* [[Highbury & Islington]] {{Rint|london|victoria}} ''{{Rint|london|overground|north}} {{Rint|gb|rail}}''
* [[Holloway Road tube station|Holloway Road]] {{Rint|london|piccadilly}}
* [[Old Street station|Old Street]] {{Rail-interchange|london|northern}} {{Rint|gb|rail}}
* [[Tufnell Park tube station|Tufnell Park]] {{Rail-interchange|london|northern}}

The Piccadilly line carries passengers to key London destinations, including the [[West End of London|West End]] and [[Heathrow Airport]]. The Northern and Victoria lines also link the borough to the West End, whilst the Northern line (Bank branch) also passes through the [[City of London]].

Just beyond the borough's boundaries are [[King's Cross St Pancras]] (in the [[London Borough of Camden]]) and [[Moorgate station|Moorgate]] (in the City).

===London Overground===
There are also several [[London Overground]] stations in the borough, all but one of which are in London fare zone 2:
* [[Caledonian Road & Barnsbury]] {{Rint|london|overground|north}}
* [[Canonbury railway station|Canonbury]] {{Rint|london|overground|north}}
* [[Crouch Hill railway station|Crouch Hill]] {{Rint|london|overground|gospel}}
* [[Highbury & Islington]]  ''{{Rint|london|overground|north}} {{Rint|london|victoria}} {{Rint|gb|rail}}''
* [[Upper Holloway railway station|Upper Holloway]] {{Rint|london|overground|gospel}}

===National Rail===
There are several other [[National Rail]] stations in Islington, which offer direct services to destinations across London, [[East Anglia]] and [[South East England]]:
* [[Drayton Park]] {{Rint|gb|rail}}
* [[Essex Road railway station|Essex Road]] {{Rint|gb|rail}}
* [[Farringdon station|Farringdon]] {{Rint|gb|rail}} {{Rint|london|circle}} {{Rint|london|h&c}} {{Rint|london|metropolitan}} {{Rint|london|elizabeth}}
* [[Finsbury Park station|Finsbury Park]] {{Rint|gb|rail}} ''{{Rint|london|piccadilly}} {{Rint|london|victoria}}''
* [[Highbury & Islington]] {{Rint|gb|rail}} ''{{Rint|london|victoria}}'' {{Rint|london|overground|north}}
* [[Old Street station|Old Street]] ''{{Rint|gb|rail}}'' ''{{Rint|london|northern}}''

Farringdon and Finsbury Park are served by [[Thameslink, Southern and Great Northern franchise|Thameslink]] services, with some trains travelling direct to [[Gatwick Airport]], as well as destinations including [[Cambridge]], [[Peterborough]], [[Brighton]] and [[Sevenoaks]]. Other stations, including Finsbury Park, are served by [[Thameslink, Southern and Great Northern franchise|Great Northern]] trains which normally operate between Moorgate and [[Welwyn Garden City railway station|Welwyn Garden City]] or [[Stevenage railway station|Stevenage]] via [[Hertford North]]. The [[Elizabeth line]] calls at Farringdon.

Moorgate lies just to the south of the borough, in the City of London, whilst [[London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross]] lies to the borough's immediate west, with destinations including [[Sheffield]], [[Leeds]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle]], [[Edinburgh]] and [[Inverness]].

===Travel to work===
In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: underground, metro, light rail, tram, 19.4% of all residents aged 16–74; bus, minibus or coach, 10.3%; on foot, 10.3%; bicycle, 6.2%; driving a car or van, 6.0%; train, 3.7%; work mainly at or from home, 3.6%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-wards-and-output-areas-in-england-and-wales/rft-qs701ew.xls|title=2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales|publisher=Office for National Statistics|access-date=23 November 2013}} Percentages are of all residents aged 16–74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey's longest part by distance.</ref>

==Attractions and institutions==
[[File:Islington n1 centre.jpg|thumb|225px|right|The 'Angel Central' shopping arcade]]
* [[Almeida Theatre]]
* Angel Central shopping centre (formerly the Islington N1 Centre), containing:
** [[O2 Academy Islington]]
** [[Vue Cinemas|Vue]] cinema
* [[Artillery Ground]]
* [[Pleasance Islington]] theatre
* Courtyard Theatre
* [[Emirates Stadium]] (and the former [[Arsenal Stadium]] at ''[[Highbury]]'')
* The [[Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art]] in Canonbury Square
* [[Freightliners City Farm]]
* [[Hen and Chickens Theatre]]
* Islington Arts Factory, in Parkhurst Road
* [[Islington Local History Centre]], located at Finsbury Library
* [[Islington Museum]], located at Finsbury Library
* John Salt, cocktail bar on Upper Street
* The [[King's Head Theatre]]
* [[Little Angel Theatre]] a puppet theatre and producer of the Suspense Puppetry Festival of London
* [[London Canal Museum]], located in New Wharf Road, King's Cross
* [[London Charterhouse]]
* London Screen Academy, on Highbury Grove – specialist film/TV sixth form academy
* [[Odeon Cinema]], located on Holloway Road
* [[Peter Benenson]] House, headquarters of [[Amnesty International]]
* [[Sadler's Wells Theatre]]
* [[St John's Gate, Clerkenwell]] (Islington's badge for [[London2012]])
* [[The Screen On The Green]], a single screen cinema on Upper Street
* [[Union Chapel, Islington|Union Chapel]]
* [[Wesley's Chapel]]

==Demographics==
[[File:Islington population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of the Borough of Islington]]
{{Historical populations
|type = UK
|title = Population
|footnote = Source: ''A Vision of Britain through time''<ref>http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10142635&c_id=10001043&add=N</ref>
|1801 |65721
|1811 |83679
|1821 |108333
|1831 |137271
|1841 |162717
|1851 |214090
|1861 |266010
|1871 |317930
|1881 |369850
|1891 |397799
|1901 |405301
|1911 |412944
|1921 |401054
|1931 |389513
|1941 |324143
|1951 |269743
|1961 |232258
|1971 |200022
|1981 |157512
|1991 |173384
|2001 |175787
|2011 |206125
|2021 |216590
}}
In 1801, the [[civil parish]]es that form the modern borough had a total population of 65,721. This rose steadily throughout the 19th century, as the district became built up; exceeding 200,000 in the middle of the century. When the railways arrived the rate of [[population growth]] increased—reaching nearly 400,000 by the turn of the century; with the [[Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury]] particularly suffering deprivation, poverty and severe overcrowding. The increase in population peaked before [[World War I]], falling slowly in the aftermath until [[World War II]] began an exodus from London towards the [[New towns in the United Kingdom|new towns]] under the [[Patrick Abercrombie|Abercrombie]] [[Greater London Plan|Plan for London]] (1944). The decline in population reversed in the 1980s, but it remains below its 1951 level.

According to the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]] Islington had a population of 175,797. It was 75% White, including 5% White Irish, 6% Black African, 5% Black Caribbean and 2% Bangladeshi. Thirty-two per cent of the borough's residents were owner–occupiers.

According to the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]], Islington has the highest population density of local authorities in England and Wales—13,875 people per square kilometre.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_270487.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716112032/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_270487.pdf |archive-date=2012-07-16 |url-status=live |title=2011 Census – Population and Household Estimates for England and Wales, March 2011 |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref>

Islington has the second highest proportion of [[Irish people]] in the country, behind [[London Borough of Brent]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/census-data/index.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405114133/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/census-data/index.html | archive-date=5 April 2012 | title=UK Government Web Archive }}</ref>

A 2017 study by [[Trust for London]] and the [[New Policy Institute]] found that a third of Islington residents lived in poverty. This is above the London average of 27%. It also found that 14% of local employees were in jobs which pay below the London Living Wage – the fourth lowest figure of any London borough.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poverty and Inequality Data For Islington – Trust For London |url=https://www.trustforlondon.org.uk/data/boroughs/islington-poverty-and-inequality-indicators/ |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=Trust for London}}</ref>

39% of the borough's residents identified as Christian, 12.8% Muslim, 1.7% Jewish and 42.7% had no religion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/percentage-population-religion-borough?resource=abfb6175-f489-4c6e-add2-f4d323183224|title=Population by Religion, Borough |website=Data.london.gov.uk|access-date=24 January 2023}}</ref> Christians and Muslims live throughout the borough, while the Jewish population is most concentrated in the north of the borough in the Hillrise and Junction wards (bordering [[Highgate]] and [[Crouch End]]).

===Ethnicity===
[[File:Ethnic makeup of Islington by single year ages in 2021.svg|thumb|Ethnic makeup of Islington by single year ages in 2021]]
The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses in Islington.
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
! rowspan="3" |Ethnic Group
! colspan="12" |Year
|-
! colspan="2" |1966 estimations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic minorities in Britain |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/659921 |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=search.worldcat.org |page=42 |language=en}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1981 estimations<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 – Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/ethnicityin1991c0000unse |title=Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration |date=1996 |publisher=London : HMSO |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-11-691655-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=1991 census – theme tables |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx |access-date=20 January 2017 |publisher=NOMIS}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp= |title=KS006 – Ethnic group |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS201EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures |title=Ethnic Group by measures |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=8 January 2016}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2021 census<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group – Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=Ons.gov.uk}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total
!–
!93.8%
!145,744
!86.2%
!140,757
!81.1%
!132,464
!75.35%
!140,515
!68.17%
!134,754
!62.1%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|British]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 99,784|| 56.76% || 98,322 || 47.70%
|86,092
|39.7%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Irish|Irish]]
|–
|5.1%
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 10,057 || 5.72% || 8,140|| 3.95%
|7,062
|3.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| 163|| 0.08%
|108
|0.0%
|-
|White: Roma
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|958
|0.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Other White|Other]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 22,623|| 12.87% || 33,890|| 16.44%
|40,534
|18.7%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total 
!–
!1.5%
!6,568
!3.9%
!10,644
!6.1%!! 12,558 !! 7.14% !! 19,034 !! 9.23%
!21,532
!10.1%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Indians|Indian]]
|–
|–
|1,872
|
|2,526
| || 2,851 || 1.32% || 3,534|| 2.06%
|4,051
|1.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani]]
|–
|–
|638
|
|634
| || 912|| 0.52% || 951 || 0.46%
|995
|0.5%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]]
|–
|–
|1,277
|
|2,857
| || 4,229|| 2.41% || 4,662|| 2.26%
|5,972
|2.8%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|–
|–
|1,579
|
|2,193
| || 3,074 || 1.75% || 4,457|| 2.16%
|5,125
|2.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 
|–
|–
|1,202
|
|2,434
| || 1,492 || 0.85% || 5,430|| 2.63%
|5,389
|2.5%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total 
!–
!4.7%
!14,397
!8.5%
!18,472
!10.6%!! 20,856 !! 11.86% !! 26,294 !! 12.76%
!28,743
!13.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]]
|–
|1.4%
|4,356
|
|6,308
| || 10,500 || 5.97% || 12,622 || 6.12%
|18,091
|8.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|–
|3.3%
|7,501
|
|8,824
| || 8,550 || 4.86% || 7,943 || 3.85%
|7,368
|3.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[Other Black]]
|–
|–
|2,540
|
|3,340
| || 1,806 || 1.03% || 5,729 || 2.78%
|3,284
|1.5%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total 
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–!! 7,234 !! 4.11% !! 13,339 !! 6.47%
!16,231
!7.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 2,329 || 1.32% || 4,236 || 2.06%
|4,171
|1.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black African 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,241 || 0.71% || 1,912 || 0.93%
|2,257
|1.0%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,543 || 0.88% || 2,964|| 1.44%
|3,750
|1.7%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 2,121 || 1.21% || 4,227 || 2.05%
|6,053
|2.8%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Other: Total 
!–
!–
!2,413
!
!3,623
! !! 2,685 !! 1.53% !! 6,943 !! 3.37%
!15,330
!7.1%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| 1,893|| 0.92%
|2,991
|1.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Any other ethnic group 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| –|| –|| 5,050 || 2.45%
|12,339
|5.7%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Ethnic minority: Total 
!–
!6.2%
!23,378 
!13.8%
!32,739
!18.9%!! 43,333 !! 24.65% !! 65,610 !! 31.83%
!81,836
!37.9%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Total 
!–
!100%
!169,122 
!100%
!173,496
!100%!! 175,797 !! 100.00% !! 206,125 !! 100.00%
!216,590
!100%
|}

===Religion===

The following shows the religious identity of residents residing in Islington according to the 2001, 2011 and the 2021 censuses.

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! rowspan="2" |Religion
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{Cite web |title=KS007 – Religion – Nomis – 2001 |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/datasets/ks007 |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Nomisweb.co.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref>{{Cite web |title=KS209EW (Religion) – Nomis – 2011 |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks209ew |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Nomisweb.co.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2021<ref>{{cite web |date=29 Nov 2022 |title=Religion – 2021 census |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS030/editions/2021/versions/1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129115419/https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS030/editions/2021/versions/1 |archive-date=29 Nov 2022 |access-date=16 Dec 2022 |website=Office of National Statistics}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Holds religious beliefs
!116,310
!66.2
!110,076
!53.4
!111,222
!51.4
|-
|[[Christian]]
| align="right" |95,305
| align="right" |54.2
| align="right" |82,879
| align="right" |40.2
| align="right" |75,129
| align="right" |34.7
|-
|[[Muslim]]
| align="right" |14,259
| align="right" |8.1
| align="right" |19,521
| align="right" |9.5
| align="right" |25,840
| align="right" |11.9
|-
|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]
| align="right" |590
| align="right" |0.3
| align="right" |569
| align="right" |0.3
| align="right" |603
| align="right" |0.3
|-
|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]
| align="right" |1,751
| align="right" |1.0
| align="right" |2,108
| align="right" |1.0
| align="right" |2,195
| align="right" |1.0
|-
|[[Buddhist]]
| align="right" |1,840
| align="right" |1.0
| align="right" |2,117
| align="right" |1.0
| align="right" |1,813
| align="right" |0.8
|-
|[[Jewish]]
| align="right" |1,846
| align="right" |1.1
| align="right" |1,915
| align="right" |0.9
| align="right" |2,714
| align="right" |1.3
|-
|Other religion
| align="right" |719
| align="right" |0.4
| align="right" |967
| align="right" |0.5
| align="right" |2,930
| align="right" |1.4
|-
!No religion
! align="right" |41,691
! align="right" |23.7
! align="right" |61,911
! align="right" |30.0
! align="right" |88,466
! align="right" |40.8
|-
!Religion not stated
! align="right" |17,796
! align="right" |10.1
! align="right" |34,138
! align="right" |16.6
! align="right" |16,902
! align="right" |7.8
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total population
! align="right" |175,797
! align="right" |100.0
! align="right" |206,125
! align="right" |100.0
! align="right" |216,590
! align="right" |100.0
|}

==Education==

===Universities===
The London Borough of Islington is home to two [[higher education]] institutions:
* [[City, University of London]] at Northampton Square, formerly The City University, founded in 1894 as the Northampton Institute; and
* [[London Metropolitan University]], North Campus on the Holloway Road, formed from the merger of the [[University of North London]] and [[London Guildhall University]] in 2002; the University of North London was founded on this site in 1896 as the Northern Polytechnic Institute

[[Moorfields Eye Hospital]] is a major centre for postgraduate training of [[ophthalmologists]], [[Vision therapy|orthoptists]], [[optometrists]], and [[nurses]].

===Further Education===
The borough also currently contains three colleges of [[further education]]:
*London Screen Academy; (a sixth form academy set up by [[Working Title Films]] to train young people in behind the camera skills)
*[[City and Islington College]]
* [[Westminster Kingsway College]] (while major improvement works are carried out at King's Cross)

There are two performing arts colleges. The [[Urdang Academy]] and the [[Musical Theatre Academy]] are both based in Islington.

===Schools===
{{Main|List of schools in Islington}}
The borough currently maintains 47 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, three special schools and five Pupil Referral Units. In 2000, Cambridge Education Associates, a private firm, took over the management of the Islington's state schools from the [[local education authority]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/education/906620.stm|title=BBC News &#124; EDUCATION &#124; Islington schools: is privatisation working?|website=News.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

==Media==
The ''[[Islington Gazette]]'' is a local newspaper.

==Freedom of the Borough==
The following people and military units have received the [[Freedom of the Borough]] of Islington.
 
{{Incomplete list|date=January 2020}}

===Individuals===
* [[Arsène Wenger]]: 2004<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arsenal to get a place on the political map |url=https://www.islingtontribune.co.uk/article/arsenal-to-get-a-place-on-the-political-map |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=Camden New Journal |language=en-gb}}</ref>

===Military units===
*  The [[Honourable Artillery Company]], October 2009<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gallery.glrfca.org/index.php?level=picture&id=84 |title=The HAC receiving the Freedom of the Borough of Islington |publisher=Reserve Forces and Cadets Association for Greater London |date=October 1, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910114811/http://gallery.glrfca.org/index.php?level=picture&id=84 |archive-date=September 10, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The [[Islington Veterans' Association]], March 2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/news/former_councillor_and_veterans_given_freedom_of_islington_1_4001525|title=Former councillor and veterans given freedom of Islington|first=Rory|last=Brigstock-Barron|website=Islingtongazette.co.uk|date=20 March 2015}}</ref>
* The Islington and Holloway fire stations of the [[London Fire Brigade]], March 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islingtongazette.co.uk/news/freedom-of-the-borough-for-islington-and-holloway-s-firefighters-1-5092827|title=Freedom of the borough for Islington and Holloway's firefighters|first=Rosie|last=Drew|website=Islingtongazette.co.uk|date=5 July 2017}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|London}}
* [[List of people from the London Borough of Islington]]
* [[Arsenal F.C.]]
* [[Emirates Stadium]]
* [[Finsbury Town Hall]]
* [[St James' Church, Islington]]

==References==
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|London Borough of Islington}}
* [http://www.islington.gov.uk/ Islington Council]

{{LB Islington}}
{{London}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|51|32|N|0|08|W|region:GB_type:adm1st|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:London Borough of Islington}}
[[Category:London Borough of Islington| ]]
[[Category:London boroughs|Islington]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in England]]