Editing London Borough of Hillingdon

{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->
| official_name            = London Borough of Hillingdon
| other_name              = 
| settlement_type         = [[London borough]]
<!-- transliteration(s) -------->
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = 
| imagesize               = 270px
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of the Ldn Borough of Hillingdon.svg
| shield_size             = 100px
| shield_alt              = 
| shield_link             = Coat of arms of the London Borough of Hillingdon
| image_blank_emblem      = Lb_hillingdon_logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type       = Council logo
| blank_emblem_size       = 120px
| blank_emblem_alt        = 
| blank_emblem_link       = 
| motto                   = ''Forward''
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               = Hillingdon in Greater London.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Hillingdon shown within [[Greater London]]
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates       = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Sovereign state]]
| subdivision_name        = [[United Kingdom]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Country of the United Kingdom|Constituent country]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[England]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Regions of England|Region]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Greater London|London]]
| subdivision_type4       = [[Ceremonial counties of England|Ceremonial county]]
| subdivision_name4       = [[Greater London]]
| established_title       = Created
| established_date        = 1 April 1965
| established_title1      = 
| established_date1       = 
| named_for               = 
<!-- seat, smaller parts -->
| seat_type               = Admin HQ
| seat                    = [[Hillingdon Civic Centre]],<br />[[Uxbridge]]
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_type         = [[London borough council]]
| governing_body          = [[Hillingdon London Borough Council]]
| leader_title2           = London&nbsp;Assembly
| leader_name2            = [[Bassam Mahfouz]] (Lab) [[London Assembly|AM]] for [[Ealing and Hillingdon (London Assembly constituency)|Ealing and Hillingdon]]
| leader_title3           = [[List of MPs elected in the 2019 United Kingdom general election|MPs]]
| leader_name3            = [[David Simmonds]] ([[Conservative Party (UK)|Con]]) <br />[[John McDonnell (politician)|John McDonnell]] ([[Labour Party (UK)|Lab]]) <br /> [[Danny Beales]] ([[Labour Party (UK)|Lab]])
| leader_title4           = 
| leader_name4            = 
<!-- display settings  --------->
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| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_total_km2          = 115.70
| area_total_sq_mi        = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_total_dunam        = <!-- used in Middle East articles only -->
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_land_sq_mi         = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_water_sq_mi        = 
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_urban_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_urban_km2          = 
| area_urban_sq_mi        = 
| area_rural_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
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| area_metro_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_metro_km2          = 
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| area_rank               = {{English district area rank|ONS=00AS|GSS=E09000017}} [[List of English districts by area|(of {{English district total}})]]
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| area_blank1_km2         = 
| area_blank1_sq_mi       = 
| area_blank2_title       = 
| area_blank2_km2         = 
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<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total        = {{English district population|ONS=00AS|GSS=E09000017}}
| population_as_of        = {{United Kingdom statistics year}}
| population_rank         = {{English district rank|ONS=00AS|GSS=E09000017}} [[List of English districts by population|(of {{English district total}})]]
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| population_blank2_title =
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| utc_offset              = ±00:00{{!}}UTC
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<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        = [[Postcodes in the United Kingdom|Postcodes]]
| postal_code             = {{postcode|HA}}, {{postcode|TW}}, {{postcode|UB}}, {{postcode|WD}}
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_codes               = 01895, 01923, 020
| geocode                 =
| iso_code                = GB-HIL
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<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank1_name             = [[ONS coding system|ONS code]]
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| blank2_info             = E09000017
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank_name_sec2         = [[List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom|Police]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[Metropolitan Police]]
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = {{URL|https://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/}}
| footnotes               = 
}}

The '''London Borough of Hillingdon''' ({{audio|En-uk-LBHillingdon.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a [[London borough]] in [[Greater London]], England. It forms part of [[outer London]] and [[West London]], being the westernmost London borough. It was formed in 1965 from the districts of [[Hayes and Harlington Urban District|Hayes and Harlington]], [[Ruislip-Northwood Urban District|Ruislip-Northwood]], [[Municipal Borough of Uxbridge|Uxbridge]], and [[Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District|Yiewsley and West Drayton]]. The borough includes most of [[Heathrow Airport]] and [[Brunel University]], and is the second largest of the 32 London boroughs by area.

The main towns in the borough are [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]], [[Ruislip]], [[Northwood, London|Northwood]], [[West Drayton]] and [[Uxbridge]]. Hillingdon is the third least densely populated of the London boroughs, due to a combination of rural land in the north, [[RAF Northolt|RAF Northolt Aerodrome]], and Heathrow Airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/16107/South-Ruislip-Ward-Profile/pdf/South_Ruislip_Ward_Profile.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327175248/https://archive.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/16107/South-Ruislip-Ward-Profile/pdf/South_Ruislip_Ward_Profile.pdf |archive-date=2020-03-27 |url-status=live|title=South Ruislip Ward Profile|publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon}}</ref>

==History==
The borough was created in 1965 under the [[London Government Act 1963]], covering the combined area of the former [[Municipal Borough of Uxbridge]], [[Hayes and Harlington Urban District]], [[Ruislip-Northwood Urban District]] and [[Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District]]. The area was transferred from [[Middlesex]] to Greater London to become one of the 32 London Boroughs.<ref>{{cite book | first=Frederic |last=Youngs | title=Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England | volume=I: Southern England | year=1979 | publisher=[[Royal Historical Society]] | location=London | isbn=0-901050-67-9}}</ref> The councils involved were initially unable to decide upon a name, with [[Keith Joseph]] suggesting "Uxbridge" in October 1963, later revised to Hillingdon.<ref name="Cotton 133">Cotton 1994, p.133</ref>

==Governance==
{{Main|Hillingdon London Borough Council}}
[[File:Civic Centre, Uxbridge - geograph.org.uk - 189483.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hillingdon Civic Centre]] in Uxbridge]]
The local authority is Hillingdon Council, based at [[Hillingdon Civic Centre]] in Uxbridge.

The borough is divided into 21 [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|wards]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/article/8611/Ward-boundaries|title=Voting: Ward boundaries|website=www.hillingdon.gov.uk|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref> 
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Belmore 
*Charville
*Colham and Cowley 
*Eastcote
*Harefield Village
*Hayes Town
*Heathrow Villages (including [[Harmondsworth]], [[Sipson]] and [[Harlington, London|Harlington]])
*Hillingdon East
*Hillingdon West
*Ickenham and South Harefield
*Northwood
*Northwood Hills
*Pinkwell
*Ruislip
*Ruislip Manor
*South Ruislip
*Uxbridge
*West Drayton 
*Wood End
*Yeading
*Yiewsley 
}}

===Greater London representation===
Since 2000, for elections to the [[London Assembly]], the borough forms part of the [[Ealing and Hillingdon (London Assembly constituency)|Ealing and Hillingdon]] constituency. The [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] candidate [[Richard Barnes (British politician)|Richard Barnes]] won the 2000, 2004 and 2008 elections, and since the 2012 election the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] candidate [[Onkar Sahota]] has served as the Ealing and Hillingdon London Assembly member. At the same election in 2012 Conservative candidate [[Boris Johnson]] won the largest share of Hillingdon's votes, becoming elected [[Mayor of London]] for a second term.

==Demographics==
[[File:Hillingdon population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Hillingdon in 2021]]

===Population===
From 2001 to 2011 the borough's population grew by 11.5% (4.4% above the England and Wales mean of 7.1%). By comparison [[London Borough of Merton|Merton]] and [[London Borough of Bromley|Bromley]] grew by 4.5% and [[London Borough of Tower Hamlets|Tower Hamlets]] grew by 26.4%.<ref>[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/interactive/vp3-census-map/index.html 2011 Census interactive map]</ref> The number of households increased from 2001 to 2011 by 3.3%, and the average number of people per household was 2.7.<ref name=census>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/population-and-household-estimates-for-england-and-wales---unrounded-figures-for-the-data-published-16-july-2012/rft-1-2-ew-fact-file.xls|title=Area: Hillingdon (Local Authority) |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=27 November 2011}}</ref>

{{Historical populations
|type = UK
|title = Population
|footnote = Source: [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10064028&c_id=10001043&add=N ''A Vision of Britain through time, citing Census population'']
|1801|9232
|1811|11033
|1821|12788
|1831|14484
|1841|18329
|1851|18744
|1861|20672
|1871|22600
|1881|24528
|1891|26640
|1901|32548
|1911|39768
|1921|58681
|1931|86613
|1941|137278
|1951|217616
|1961|226074
|1971|234867
|1981|226256
|1991|236720
|2001|242435
|2011|273936
}}

===Ethnicity===
37.1% of the borough's population identified themselves as White British in the 2021 census.<ref name=":0" /> In the south-east of the borough, in particular [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]], there is a large population of South Asian residents.

The wards where Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Residents comprise the largest racial groups are:
*Barnhill (partly covering eastern Hayes, south of [[Yeading]]),
*Pinkwell (mostly the area around the [[Hayes and Harlington railway station|railway station]] in southern Hayes),
*Townfield (Part of eastern Hayes and west of [[Southall]]),
*Yeading (Eastern Hayes)

Whites as a whole form 48.2% of the borough, Asian residents 33.3%, and Black residents 7.8%. In addition, the most common main language, English (77.9%), is followed by [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (4.7%), [[Polish language|Polish]] (1.7%), [[Tamil language|Tamil]] (1.6%) and [[Urdu]] (1.1%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media.jsp?mediaid=28815&filetype=pdf|title=London Borough of Hillingdon Census Factsheets}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216021151/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media.jsp?mediaid=28815&filetype=pdf |date=16 December 2014 }}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=February 2023|reason="Citation is for 2011 census but numbers updated to 2021"}}

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
! rowspan="3" |Ethnic Group
! colspan="12" |Year
|-
! colspan="2" |1971 estimations<ref>{{Cite web |title=Migration and London’s growth |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/74375221.pdf#page=94 |publisher=LSE}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1981 estimations<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1985 |title=Ethnic minorities in Britain: statistical information on the pattern of settlement |url=https://jstor.org/stable/community.28327806 |journal=Commission for Racial Equality |language=English |pages=Table 2.2|last1= Equality|first1= Commission for Racial}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref>{{cite web |title=1991 census – theme tables |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx |access-date=20 January 2017 |publisher=NOMIS}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp= |title=KS006 - Ethnic group  |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=30 January 2016}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011 census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS201EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures |title=Ethnic Group by measures |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=8 January 2016}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2021 census<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total
!–
!97.6%
!207,868
!93.4%
!203,149
!87.7%
!192,120
!79.1%
!166,031
!60.4%
!147,387
!48.2%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White British|British]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 176,244 || 72.5% || 142,916 || 52.1%
|113,377
|37.1%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Irish|Irish]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 6,911 || 2.8% || 5,949 || 2.1%
|5,585
|1.8%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–||  –||  –|| 344 || 0.1%
|479
|0.2%
|-
|White: Roma
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|691
|0.2%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | White: [[Other White|Other]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 8,965 || 3.7% || 16,822 || 6.1%
|27,255
|8.9%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total 
!–
!–
!–
!–
!22,061
!9.5%!! 33,048 !! 13.6% !! 69,253 !! 25.0%
!101,938
!33.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Indians|Indian]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|15445
| 6.7% || 23,234 || 9.6% || 36,795 || 13.4%
|57,341
|18.7%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|2008
| 0.9% || 3,816 || 1.6% || 9,200 || 3.3%
|14,243
|4.7%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|928
| 0.4% || 1,459 || 0.6% || 2,639 || 0.9%
|4,050
|1.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|1185
| 0.5% || 1,883 || 0.8% || 2,889 || 1.0%
|3,184
|1.0%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|2495
| 1.1% || 4,539 || 1.9% || 17,730 || 6.4%
|23,120
|7.6%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total  
!–
!–
!–
!–
!3,810
!1.6%!! 8,006 !! 3.3% !! 20,082 !! 7.2%
!23,955
!7.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|852
| 0.4% || 4,227 || 1.7% || 11,275 || 4.1%
|15,844
|5.2%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|2128
| 0.9% || 3,275 || 1.3% || 4,615 || 1.6%
|5,752
|1.9%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: [[Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom|Other Black]]
|–
|–
|–
|–
|830
| 0.4% || 504 || 0.2% || 4,192 || 1.5%
|2,359
|0.8%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | [[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total 
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–
!–!! 5,588 !! 2.3% !! 10,479 !! 3.7%
!13,359,
!4.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,427 || 0.6% || 2,719 || 0.9%
|3,151
|1.0%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Black African 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 694 || 0.3% || 1,409 || 0.5%
|1,897
|0.6%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,983 || 0.8% || 3,602 || 1.3%
|4,201
|1.4%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–|| 1,484 || 0.6% || 2,749 || 1.0%
|4,110
|1.3%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Other: Total 
!–
!–
!–
!–
!2582
!1.1%!! 2,847 !! 1.2% !! 8,091 !! 2.8%
!19,268
!6.3%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–
|–||  –||  –|| 2,925 || 1.0%
|4,462
|1.5%
|-
| style="text-align:left" | Other: Any other ethnic group 
|–
|–
|–
|–
|2582
|1.1%|| 2,847 || 1.2% || 5,166 || 1.8%
|14,806
|4.8%
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Non-White: Total 
!–
!2.4%
!14,790
!6.6%
!28,453
!12.3%!! 50,886 !! 20.9% !! 107,905 !! 39.6%
!158,520
!51.8%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="text-align:left" | Total 
!–
!100%
!222,658 
!100%
!231,602
!100%!! 243,006 !! 100.00% !! 273,936 !! 100.00%
!305,907
!100%
|}

==Parks and recreation==
[[File:Eastcote House Gardens Dovecote.jpg|thumb|The Eastcote House walled garden]]
[[File:London Borough of Hillingdon from the air - 2014 12 26.webm|thumb|London Borough of Hillingdon from the air]]
The borough maintains over 200 green spaces, totalling around {{convert|1800|acre|ha}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=7724 |title=Parks and open spaces |date=11 January 2011 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=5 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522094303/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=7724 |archive-date=22 May 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As much of the area is within the [[Metropolitan Green Belt]] it was, in 2008, one of the least densely populated of all the [[London borough]]s; open spaces range in size from the [[Colne Valley regional park|Colne Valley Regional Park]] by the [[River Colne, Hertfordshire|River Colne]] in the north of the borough, to smaller gardens and parks such as the [[Norman Leddy Memorial Gardens]] and [[Lake Farm Country Park]] in the south of the borough.<ref name="Hillingdon profile">{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/p/m/Hillingdon_profile_brochure_Hillingdon_profile_brochure.pdf |title=Hillingdon profile 2008 |year=2008 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812160935/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/p/m/Hillingdon_profile_brochure_Hillingdon_profile_brochure.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Council leader Raymond Puddifoot had given a promise that green-belt land in Hillingdon would be safe on his watch: 'I can give a categoric assurance that under this administration we will never see a threat to the green belt.'<ref>{{cite news |title=Council going ahead with Green Belt school plan |last=Cracknell |first=James |url=http://hayes.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/2011/08/council-going-ahead-with-green.html |newspaper=Uxbridge Gazette |date=1 August 2011 |access-date=10 September 2013}}</ref> In August 2012, however, Mr Puddifoot announced plans to build on green-belt (and longtime [[common land]]) site [[Lake Farm Country Park|Lake Farm]] in the south of the borough.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lake Farm school plans 'due within weeks' |last=Griffith |first=Jack |url=http://hayes.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/2012/08/lake-farm-school-plans-due-wit.html |newspaper=Uxbridge Gazette |date=22 August 2012 |access-date=12 September 2012}}</ref> Dismissing the discontent of residents in the south of the borough, the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] majority of the council's planning committee peremptorily rubber-stamped the plans in March 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fury as Hillingdon Council approves green belt school at Lake Farm |last=Griffith |first=Jack |url=http://hayes.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/2013/03/fury-as-hillingdon-council-app.html |newspaper=Uxbridge Gazette |date=6 March 2013 |access-date=10 May 2013}}</ref>

Harmondsworth Moor, a park owned by the borough, is administered by [[British Airways]] on behalf of the borough.<ref>"[http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=14631 Harmondsworth Moor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608211338/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=14631 |date=8 June 2011 }}." London Borough of Hillingdon. Retrieved 2 September 2009.</ref> After British Airways planned to create a new headquarters in 1992, the airline agreed to convert a former [[landfill]] site into Harmondsworth Moor.<ref>"[http://www.britishairways.com/travel/csr-harmondsworth-moor/public/en_en Contact Information]." British Airways. Retrieved 18 May 2009.</ref>

The [[Grand Union Canal]] passes through [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]], [[Yiewsley]], [[Cowley, London|Cowley]] and [[Uxbridge]] in the borough. [[Ruislip Lido]] was built as a feeder [[reservoir]] for the canal, but was eventually disconnected and changed to become a recreational [[Lido (swimming pool)|lido]]. Two [[Sites of Special Scientific Interest]] next to the canal, [[Frays Farm Meadows]] and [[Denham Lock Wood]], are managed by the [[London Wildlife Trust]].

The borough also operates children's centres, recreational areas for children of under five years of age and their families. The centres include: Barra Hall, Belmore, Cherry Lane, Colham Manor, Cornerstone, Cowley St. Laurence, Harefield, Hillside, McMillan Early Childhood Centre, Nestles Avenue, Oak Farm, and Uxbridge College (Hayes Campus).<ref>"[http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=14682 Children's centres in Hillingdon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608194239/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=14682 |date=8 June 2011 }}." London Borough of Hillingdon. Retrieved 26 June 2010.</ref>

The borough owns four [[theatre]]s: the [[Beck Theatre]] in Hayes (which is operated on behalf of the borough by Trafalgar Entertainment<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.artsprofessional.co.uk/news/trafalgar-entertainment-acquires-hq-theatres|title=Trafalgar Entertainment acquires HQ Theatres|work=Arts Professional|date=31 March 2021|first=Liz|last=Hill}}</ref>), the [[Compass Theatre]] in Ickenham, the Winston Churchill Theatre and Hall (part of the [[Manor Farm, Ruislip|Manor Farm]] site) and the Open Air Theatre in Barra Hall Park in Hayes.

===Sport and leisure===
The borough has seven [[Non-League football]] clubs:
*[[A.F.C. Hayes]], who play at Farm Park, Hayes.
*[[Harefield United F.C.]], who play at Preston Park, Harefield.
*[[Hayes & Yeading United F.C.]], who play at Skyex Community Stadium, Hayes.
*[[Hillingdon Borough F.C.]] who play at the Middlesex Stadium, Ruislip.
*[[Northwood F.C.]] who play at the [[Northwood Park Stadium]], Northwood.
*[[Uxbridge F.C.]] who play at Honeycroft, Yiewsley.
*[[Wealdstone F.C.]] who play at [[Grosvenor Vale]], Ruislip.
The borough is also home to Hillingdon Outdoor Activity Centre (HOAC), a water sports and activity centre.<ref>{{cite web |title=HOAC |url=http://www.hoac.net |website=www.hoac.net |access-date=18 July 2021 |date=29 September 2020}}</ref> The centre is home to a number of independently run sports clubs:
* Queensmead Sailing Club<ref>{{cite web |title=Home Page - Queensmead Sailing Club |url=http://www.queensmeadsc.org.uk/ |website=www.queensmeadsc.org.uk |access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref>
* Hillingdon Rowing Club<ref>{{cite web |title=Hillingdon Rowing Club |url=http://www.hillingdonrowing.com/ |website=www.hillingdonrowing.com/ |access-date=18 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118131621/http://www.hillingdonrowing.com/ |archive-date=2019-01-18 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Hillingdon Junior Canoe Club<ref>{{cite web |title=Hillingdon Junior Canoe Club |url=http://www.hjcc.org.uk |website=www.hjcc.org.uk |access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref>
* Harrow Angling Club<ref>{{cite web |title=Harrow Angling Society - Specimen carp & coarse fishing in the Colne Valley |url=http://www.harrowangling.co.uk/ |website=Harrow Angling Society |access-date=18 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:WatersideBAHQLondon.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Waterside (building)|Waterside]], the headquarters of [[British Airways]] in [[Harmondsworth]]]]

===Economic history===
{{Unreferencedsect|date=May 2024}}
The south's former strong connection with industry has diminished since the 1980s to be replaced by a preponderantly residential suburban population; the north has remained a consistently residential suburban area, although with significant swathes of rural land. The borough's residential areas expanded with the extension of the [[Metropolitan Railway]] from [[Harrow on the Hill]] to Uxbridge in the early 20th century and the gradual establishment of stops along the line, becoming known as "[[Metro-land]]".

===Contemporary economy===
Hillingdon has a large economy by national standards, ranked 14th out of 408 local area districts in Britain, and ranked fifth out of the London boroughs.<ref name="Hillingdon profile"/>

British Airways is headquartered in [[Waterside (building)|Waterside]], [[Harmondsworth]], in Hillingdon.<ref>"[http://www.britishairways.com/travel/csr-harmondsworth-moor/public/en_en Contact Information]." ''British Airways''. Retrieved 18 May 2009.</ref> The building officially opened in 1998.<ref>"[http://www.britishairwaysjobs.com/baweb1/?newms=info41 Our locations]." ''British Airways Jobs''. Retrieved 18 September 2009.</ref> Prior to the opening of Waterside, the airline's head office was the Speedbird House at [[London Heathrow Airport]].<ref>"[http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1998/01/28/32046/blue-sky-prepares-for-launch-as-pal-737-300s-are-secured.html Blue Sky prepares for launch as PAL 737-300s are secured]." ''Flight International''. 28 January 1998. Retrieved 14 December 2009.</ref> An office of [[American Airlines]] is located at the Orient House (HAA3) within Waterside.<ref>"[http://www.americanairlines.cn/intl/cn/footer_en/impressum.jsp Impressum]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140424192339/http://www.americanairlines.cn/intl/cn/footer_en/impressum.jsp Archive]). American Airlines China. Retrieved 24 April 2014. "American Airlines, Inc. Orient House (HAA3), Po Box 365, Waterside, Harmondsworth, UB7 0GB United Kingdom"</ref>

In 2007 [[Cadbury Schweppes]] announced it would be moving to [[Uxbridge]] from [[Mayfair]] to cut costs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cadbury swaps Mayfair for Uxbridge |last=Muspratt |first=Caroline |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2809823/Cadbury-swaps-Mayfair-for-Uxbridge.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2809823/Cadbury-swaps-Mayfair-for-Uxbridge.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=1 June 2007 |access-date=27 April 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The company later split and [[Cadbury plc]] moved to its new head office in Cadbury House in the Uxbridge Business Park in June 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.investis.com/cbry/08interim_trd/interim_jun08/interimstatementjune08.html |title=Cadbury plc Confirms Strong Start to 2008 |date=19 June 2008 |publisher=Investis |access-date=4 April 2011}}</ref>

[[Guoman Hotel Management (UK) Limited]] has its head office in the [[Thistle Hotels|Thistle]] London Heathrow in [[West Drayton]].<ref>"[http://www.thistle.com/en/group/contact_us/corporate_office_numbers.html Corporate Office]." [[Thistle Hotels]]. Retrieved 28 December 2011. "The corporate office is based at Thistle London Heathrow and is situated across opposite the main reception adjacent to the Conference Centre"</ref><ref>"[http://www.thistle.com/hotels/united_kingdom/london/thistle_london_heathrow/index.html Thistle London Heathrow]." [[Thistle Hotels]]. Retrieved 28 December 2011. "Bath Road, Longford West Drayton UB7 0EQ"</ref>

[[British Midland International]] had its training centre in Stockley Close, West Drayton.<ref>"[http://www.flybmi.com/downloads/CompanyRewards/bmiCompanyRewardsGuide_EN_072008.pdf bmi’s company rewards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610021420/http://www.flybmi.com/downloads/CompanyRewards/bmiCompanyRewardsGuide_EN_072008.pdf |date=10 June 2012 }}." [[British Midland International]]. Retrieved 28 December 2011.</ref><ref>"[http://www.flybmi.com/downloads/bmi/90s.pdf the nineties] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610021308/http://www.flybmi.com/downloads/bmi/90s.pdf |date=10 June 2012 }}." [[British Midland International]]. Retrieved 28 December 2011.</ref> [[Hellenic Imperial Airways]] had its United Kingdom offices in the Axis House in [[Harlington, London|Harlington]].<ref name="Offices">"[http://www.hellenicairways.com/contact-us Contact Us] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711162951/http://www.hellenicairways.com/contact-us |date=11 July 2011 }}." Hellenic Imperial Airways. Retrieved 10 May 2011. "London / United Kingdom Hellenic Imperial Airways Axis House 242 Bath Road Harlington UB3 5AY"</ref> [[China Airlines]] had its UK office in the Hyde Park Hayes 3 (HPH3) in [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]].<ref>"[http://www.china-airlines.com/en/about/about-3-4.htm Europe and Middle East] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926163120/http://www.china-airlines.com/en/about/about-3-4.htm |date=26 September 2011 }}." [[China Airlines]]. Retrieved 30 August 2011. "The United Kingdom 3rd Floor, West Wing, Hyde Park Hayes 3 (HPH3),11 Millington Road, Hayes, Middlesex, UB3 4AZ"</ref>

One of the predecessor organisations of British Airways, [[British Overseas Airways Corporation]], had its head office in Speedbird House.<ref name="BOAC">"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. 28 September 1967.  [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%201932.html?search=%22British%20Overseas%22 530].</ref> The other predecessor, [[British European Airways]], had its headquarters in [[South Ruislip]],<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. 28 September 1967. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%201931.html?search=%22British%20Overseas%22 529]</ref> as did [[British Airways Helicopters|BEA Helicopters]].<ref name="BOAC"/> During its existence the airline [[British Eagle]] had its head office on the grounds of Heathrow Airport.<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. 2 April 1964. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1964/1964%20-%200893.html?search=%22British%20Eagle%22%20%22head%20office%22 502].</ref>

A 2017 study by [[Trust for London]] and [[New Policy Institute]] found that there is a 22% poverty rate in Hillingdon, slightly below the London-wide figure of 27%.  It also found that 24% of Hillingdon's local employees are low-paid, narrowly above the London average of 21%.<ref>{{cite web |title=London's Poverty Profile |url=https://www.trustforlondon.org.uk/data/boroughs/hillingdon-poverty-and-inequality-indicators/ |website=Trust for London |access-date=25 July 2018}}</ref>

===Government facilities===
[[File:London - Heathrow (LHR - EGLL) AN1572653.jpg|thumb|right| London Heathrow Airport]]
London Heathrow Airport is located in the borough and is one of the busiest airports in the world. It was originally used by the Royal Air Force.
The British Government's [[UK Visas and Immigration]] has two immigration removal centres: [[Colnbrook Immigration Removal Centre]] and [[Harmondsworth Immigration Removal Centre]] in [[Harmondsworth]].<ref>[http://www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/managingborders/immigrationremovalcentres/colnbrook Colnbrook Immigration Removal Centre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905122608/http://www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/managingborders/immigrationremovalcentres/colnbrook |date=5 September 2008 }}. UK Border Agency. Retrieved 13 February 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/managingborders/immigrationremovalcentres/harmondsworth Harmondsworth Immigration Removal Centre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211023713/http://www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/managingborders/immigrationremovalcentres/harmondsworth |date=11 December 2008 }}. UK Border Agency. Retrieved 13 February 2010.</ref>

The borough includes [[RAF Northolt]] and the former sites of [[RAF Eastcote]], [[RAF South Ruislip]], [[RAF West Drayton]], RAF Ruislip 4MU, [[RAF West Ruislip]] and [[RAF Uxbridge]].

==Education==
{{Main|List of schools in Hillingdon}}

The borough maintains 17 libraries: Charville, Eastcote, Harefield, Harlington, Hayes End, Hayes, Ickenham, Manor Farm, Northwood Hills, Northwood, Oak Farm, Ruislip Manor, South Ruislip, Uxbridge, West Drayton, Yeading, and Yiewsley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=11625 |title=Your local library |date=13 January 2011 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=4 April 2011}}</ref>

Hillingdon has undertaken the largest school expansion programme in London, ensuring that all children within the borough can go to a school close to where they live.

In May 2011, Hillingdon Council received the Library Innovation of the Year award at the 2011 Bookseller Industry Awards.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hillingdon wins best library innovator of the year |last=Kobori |first=Minato |url=http://www.hillingdontimes.co.uk/news/localnews/9040612.Hillingdon_wins_best_library_innovator_of_the_year/ |newspaper=Hillingdon & Uxbridge Times |date=20 May 2011 |access-date=25 May 2011}}</ref>

Also within the borough are [[Brunel University]] and [[Uxbridge College]]'s Uxbridge and Hayes campuses, as well as the [[The Douay Martyrs School|Douay Martyrs Catholic Secondary School]], St Bernadette Catholic Primary School and ACS Hillingdon International School.

The London Borough of Hillingdon also offers music lessons as part of the Hillingdon Music Service.

==Transport==
[[File:Uxbridge tube station - Ewan-M.jpg|thumb|right|Uxbridge tube station]]
[[File:Heathrow T5.jpg|thumb|right|[[London Heathrow Airport]] is the busiest airport in Europe in terms of passenger numbers and the second busiest in the world in terms of international passenger numbers.]]

[[National Rail]] and [[London Underground]] stations in the borough are:
*[[Eastcote tube station]]
*[[Hatton Cross tube station]]
*[[Hayes and Harlington railway station]]
*[[Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 railway station]]
*[[Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3 tube station]]
*[[Heathrow Terminal 4 railway station]]
*[[Heathrow Terminal 4 tube station]]
*[[Heathrow Terminal 5 station]]
*[[Hillingdon tube station]]
*[[Ickenham tube station]]
*[[Northwood Hills tube station]]
*[[Northwood tube station]]
*[[Ruislip Gardens tube station]]
*[[Ruislip Manor tube station]]
*[[Ruislip tube station]]
*[[South Ruislip station]]
*[[Uxbridge tube station]]
*[[West Ruislip station]]
*[[West Drayton railway station]]

In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: driving a car or van, 34.5% of all residents aged 16–74; Underground, metro, light rail, tram, 7.9%; bus, minibus or coach, 7.9%; on foot, 4.6%; train, 2.8%; work mainly at or from home, 2.6%; passenger in a car or van, 2.0%.<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-wards-and-output-areas-in-england-and-wales/rft-qs701ew.xls|publisher=Office for National Statistics|access-date=23 November 2013}} Percentages are of all residents aged 16-74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.</ref>

The [[Royal Air Force]] station [[RAF Northolt]] is situated in South Ruislip near the [[A40 road|A40]] and the tube station. Most early RAF airfields were named after the nearest railway station; in this case Northolt Junction, the original name of South Ruislip station. The station has been redeveloped in recent years to house a number of additional military capabilities besides the RAF operations, and is popular with business people and politicians for private flights.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafnortholt/aboutus/index.cfm |title=About us |year=2011 |publisher=Royal Air Force |access-date=19 November 2011}}</ref>

==Town twinning==
Hillingdon is twinned with:
*[[Mantes-la-Jolie]], France
*[[Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein]], Germany

The borough has been [[Twin towns and sister cities#Europe|twinned]] with the French town of [[Mantes-la-Jolie]] and the German town of [[Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein|Schleswig]] since the Hayes & Harlington Urban District created the link in 1958.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=8586 |title=Twin towns |date=10 May 2012 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=17 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907202203/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk//index.jsp?articleid=8586 |archive-date=7 September 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The twinning programme was reviewed in 2011 and it was suggested that the link with Schleswig be ended owing to a lack of contact between the towns.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hillingdon to axe German town twin to save cash |last=Coombs |first=Dan |url=http://www.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/west-london-news/local-uxbridge-news/2011/02/17/hillingdon-to-axe-german-town-twin-to-save-cash-113046-28189190/ |newspaper=Uxbridge Gazette |date=17 February 2011 |access-date=17 May 2012}}</ref> In December 2011, the borough decided instead to end the link with a second German town, [[Emden]], citing administrative problems.<ref>{{cite news |title=Council cuts ties with German twin town |last=Griffith |first=Jack |url=http://www.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/west-london-news/local-uxbridge-news/2011/12/01/council-cuts-ties-with-german-twin-town-113046-29865249/ |newspaper=Uxbridge Gazette |date=1 December 2011 |access-date=17 May 2012}}</ref>

==Coat of arms==
The [[coat of arms of the London Borough of Hillingdon|coat of arms for the London Borough of Hillingdon]] was granted on 22 March 1965.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=9240 |title=Hillingdon's coat of arms |date=18 May 2010 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=24 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608224440/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=9240 |archive-date=8 June 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Between 1973 and 1978, the borough's civic centre was built in Uxbridge.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/2/d/234_Civic_Centre__Uxbridge.pdf |title=Civic Centre |date=May 2010 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |access-date=9 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606174122/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/2/d/234_Civic_Centre__Uxbridge.pdf |archive-date=6 June 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|London}}
*[[Hillingdon]]
*[[Hillingdon local elections]]

==Notes and references==
;Notes 
{{Reflist|group=n}}
;References
{{reflist}}

;Bibliography
* Cotton, Carolynne. (1994) ''Uxbridge Past''. London: Historical Publications {{ISBN|0-948667-30-3}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|London Borough of Hillingdon}}
* {{official website|https://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/}}
* [http://www.londontown.com/LondonStreets/Boro/Hillingdon Index to all Hillingdon streets]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927042306/http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/environment/greenspaces/park_map/park_list.php List of parks and open spaces]

{{LB Hillingdon}}
{{London}}
{{Coord|51|30|N|0|27|W|region:GB_type:adm1st|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:London Borough of Hillingdon}}
[[Category:London Borough of Hillingdon| ]]
[[Category:London boroughs|Hillingdon]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in the United Kingdom]]