Editing Llandaff

{{Short description|District and community of Cardiff, Wales}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox UK place
| official_name               = Llandaff
| welsh_name                  = Llandaf
| local_name                  =
| static_image_name           = Image:Llandaff Cathedral.JPG
| static_image_caption        = Llandaff Cathedral
| population                  = 8,997
| population_ref              = (2011)<ref name=Census_2011>{{cite web|title=Area: Llandaff (Ward); Sex, 2011 (QS104EW)|url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=13696960&c=Llandaff&d=14&e=61&g=6497671&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1449186281780&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2493|publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] (ONS)|access-date=3 December 2015}}</ref>
| os_grid_reference           = 
| map_type                    = <!-- type of map (leave blank for default map, or set to nomap, UK or Greater Belfast to force a particular map) -->
| community_wales             = Llandaff
| unitary_wales               = [[Cardiff]]
| lieutenancy_wales           = [[South Glamorgan]]
| country                     = Wales
| constituency_welsh_assembly = 
| post_town                   = CARDIFF
| postcode_area               = CF
| postcode_district           = CF5
| dial_code                   = 029 <!--do not change to 02920 as that is incorrect; 029 is the code for Cardiff-->
| constituency_westminster    = [[Cardiff West (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff West]]
| coordinates                 = {{Coord|51|29|36|N|3|12|48|W|type:city_region:GB-CRF|display=inline,title}}
| website                     =  
| module=
{{Switcher
| [[File:2024 Wales Cardiff Community Llandaff map.svg|240px]]
| Show map of the community
| [[File:Cardiff ward location - Llandaff.png|240px]]
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}}

'''Llandaff''' ({{IPAc-en|l|æ|n|ˈ|d|æ|f}}; {{langx|cy|Llandaf}} {{IPA|cy|ɬanˈdaːv|}}; from {{lang|cy|llan}} 'church' and ''[[River Taff|Taf]]'') is a district, [[Community (Wales)|community]] and coterminous [[electoral ward]] in the north of [[Cardiff]], capital of Wales. It was incorporated into the city in 1922.  It is the seat of the [[Bishop of Llandaff]], whose [[diocese of Llandaff|diocese]] within the [[Church in Wales]] covers the most populous area of Wales.

==History==
[[File:John Speed - Map of Landaffe.png|thumb|400px|left|John Speed's map of Llandaff (Landaffe) in 1610]]

Most of the history of Llandaff centres on its role as a religious site.  Before the creation of [[Llandaff Cathedral]], it became established as a Christian place of worship in the 6th century AD, probably because of its location as the first firm ground north of the point where the river Taff met the [[Bristol Channel]], and because of its pre-Christian location as a river crossing on a north–south [[trade route]].  Evidence of Romano-British ritual burials have been found under the present cathedral.  The date of the moving of the [[cathedral]] to Llandaff is disputed, but elements of the fabric date from the 12th century, such as the impressive Romanesque Urban Arch, named after the 12th century Bishop, Urban.  It has had a history of continual destruction and restoration, as a result of warfare, neglect, and natural disaster.  Llandaff has been a focal point of devastating attacks by [[Owain Glyndŵr]] and [[Oliver Cromwell]].  It was the second most damaged cathedral in the UK (after [[Coventry Cathedral]]), following [[Luftwaffe]] bombing during [[World War II]], and subsequently restored by the [[architect]] [[George Pace]].  One of its main modern points of interest is the [[aluminium]] figure of ''Christ in Majesty'' (1954–5), by [[Jacob Epstein]], which is suspended above the [[nave]].  In 2007, a lightning strike to its spire sent a surge through the building; which destroyed its organ.  Its replacement, the largest to be built in the UK for over 40 years, was inaugurated in 2010.

{{multiple image
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 | header    = Bishop's Palace<br/><small>(Llandaff Castle or Bishop's Castle)</small>
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 | image1    = Landaff castle, Glamorganshire.jpeg
 | alt1      =
 | caption1  = 1823
 | image2    = Bishop's Palace, Llandaff 2011 5.jpg
 | alt2      =
 | caption2  = 2011
}}

The [[Bishop's Palace, Llandaff|Bishop's Palace]], also known as Llandaff Castle or Bishop's Castle<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Llandaff|title=Llandaff|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |accessdate=7 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="Castle">{{cite web |url=https://coflein.gov.uk/en/site/96079/|title=Bishop's Castle|publisher=[[Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales]]|accessdate=7 June 2022}}</ref> now in ruins, lies to the south of the cathedral.  It is believed it was constructed at a similar date to [[Caerphilly Castle]], in the late 13th century.  It is also believed it was abandoned after being attacked and damaged by Glyndŵr in the 15th century.<ref name="Welsh Castles 97">{{cite book |last=Pettifer |first=Adrian |title=Welsh Castles: A Guide by Counties |year=2000 |publisher=The Boydell Press |isbn=0-85115-778-5 |page=97 |url=https://archive.org/details/welshcastlesguid0000pett/page/97 |url-access=registration }}</ref>  The gatehouse of the Palace survives, and the courtyard is now a public garden.<ref name="Welsh Castles 97"/>

[[File:City of Llandaff sign, Llandaff, Cardiff.JPG|thumb|Sign entering Llandaff.]]

Llandaff never developed into a chartered [[borough]], and by the 19th century, was described as "reduced to a mere village... It consists of little more than two short streets of cottages, not lighted or paved, terminating in a square, into which the great gateway of the old palace formerly opened, and where are still several genteel houses."<ref name="lewis">{{cite web |title=Llanberis – Llandaff |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=47843 |publisher=A Topographical Dictionary of Wales |year=1849 |access-date=16 March 2008 }}</ref> 

Historically, Llandaff was informally known as a 'city', because of its status as the seat of the [[Bishop of Llandaff]].  This [[city status in the United Kingdom|city status]] was never officially recognised, largely because the community did not possess a charter of incorporation.<ref>J V Beckett, ''City Status in the British Isles, 1830–2002'', Aldershot, 2005</ref>  The ancient [[parish]] of Llandaff included a wide area.  Apart from Llandaff itself, it included the townships of [[Canton, Cardiff|Canton]], [[Ely, Cardiff|Ely]], [[Fairwater, Cardiff|Fairwater]], and [[Gabalfa]].

During the development of the [[South Wales coalfield]] and [[Cardiff Docks]], the parish was gradually absorbed into the [[District of Cardiff|Borough of Cardiff]] during the 19th and 20th centuries.  Seen as a clean and green up-market countrified village location close to the fast developing city, many of the better-off [[coal merchant]]s and business people chose to live in Llandaff, including the [[James Harvey Insole|Insole]] family.  The house now known as [[Insole Court]] dates originally from 1856.  Llandaff itself became a [[civil parishes in Wales|civil parish]], and from 1894 to 1922, was part of the Llandaff and [[Dinas Powys|Dinas Powis]] Rural District.  On 9 November 1922, the [[county borough]] of Cardiff was extended to include the area.<ref>{{Cite vob |name=Llandaff CP/AP |url=http://www.VisionOfBritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10375940 |website=VisionOfBritain.org.uk |access-date=2024-09-07}} Tab: "Relationships and changes".</ref>

==Demography==
At the [[United Kingdom Census 2011]], the population of the Llandaff was 8,997; of whom 4,309 were male, and 4,688 female.<ref name=Census_2011/>  91.6% were recorded as being of various white [[ethnicity|ethnicities]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Area: Llandaff (Ward); Ethnic Group, 2011 QS201EW) |url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=13696960&c=Llandaff&d=14&e=61&g=6497671&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1449186983655&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2575 |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] |access-date=3 December 2015 }}</ref>  Approximately 65% of the population were returned as [[Christians|Christian]], with about 1.5% each being [[Hindu]] or [[Muslim]], and 30% having no religion or no stated religion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Area: Llandaff (Ward); Religion, 2011 (QS208EW) |url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=13696960&c=Llandaff&d=14&e=61&g=6497671&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1449187463967&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2579 |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] |access-date=3 December 2015}}</ref>

===Welsh language===
In the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]], 15.3% of the population over 3 years old in Llandaff were recorded as speaking Welsh, or 1,337 people.  This was a small drop compared to the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]] figure, which was 15.4%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.comisiynyddygymraeg.org/English/Assistance/Dataandstatisitcs/Pages/2011CensusresultsbyCommunity.aspx |title=Welsh Language Commissioner: 2011 Census: results by community |access-date=24 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022002038/http://www.comisiynyddygymraeg.org/English/Assistance/Dataandstatisitcs/Pages/2011CensusresultsbyCommunity.aspx |archive-date=22 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Area: Llandaff (Ward); Welsh Language Skills, 2011 (QS206WA) |url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=13696960&c=Llandaff&d=14&e=61&g=6497671&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1449188052561&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2499 |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] |access-date=3 December 2015 }}</ref>

[[Broadcasting House, Cardiff|Broadcasting House]] in Llandaff was the headquarters of [[BBC Cymru Wales]] until [[BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House|it relocated to Central Square]] in Cardiff between October 2019 and July 2020.

Research by [[Owen John Thomas]] shows the historical strength of the Welsh language in Llandaff.  According to his book {{lang|cy|Yr Iaith Gymraeg yng Nghaerdydd c.&nbsp;1800–1914}} (''The Welsh language in Cardiff {{Circa|1800–1914}}''), the nonconformist church in Cardiff Road was a Welsh-language church in 1813.  His work also shows that Welsh was the main language of the street in Llandaff in the 17th century.{{Citation needed|date=February 2015}}

==Governance==
[[File:Cardiff ward location - Llandaff.png|thumb|Llandaff electoral ward of Cardiff]]

Llandaff is both an [[ward (politics)|electoral ward]], and a [[community (Wales)|community]] ({{langx|cy|cymuned}}) of the [[City of Cardiff Council|City of Cardiff]]. There is no [[community council]] for the area.  The electoral ward of Llandaff is bounded by [[Radyr|Radyr & Morganstown]] to the north west; [[Llandaff North]] to the north; [[Riverside, Cardiff|Riverside]] to the south east; [[Canton, Cardiff|Canton]] to the south; and [[Fairwater, Cardiff|Fairwater]] to the west. The ward is represented by two councillors on [[Cardiff Council]], Sean Driscoll and Peter Huw Jenkins, the former is a member of the [[Welsh Conservatives|Conservative Party]], the latter is a member of the [[Welsh Labour|Labour Party]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Your Councillors |url=https://cardiff.moderngov.co.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0 |website=Cardiff Council |access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref>

In the [[UK Parliament]], Llandaff is part of the constituency of [[Cardiff West (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff West]]. Its most prominent MPs were former [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]]; [[George Thomas, 1st Viscount Tonypandy|George Thomas]], and former [[First Minister of Wales]] and [[Welsh Labour Party]] leader [[Rhodri Morgan]].
	
In the [[Senedd]], Llandaff is part of the constituency of [[Cardiff West (Senedd constituency)|Cardiff West]], whose MS since 2011 is [[Mark Drakeford]] of Labour; he succeeded [[Rhodri Morgan]] upon the latter's retirement. The constituency is within the electoral region of [[South Wales Central (Senedd electoral region)|South Wales Central]], whose four current MSs are Conservatives [[Andrew RT Davies]] and [[Joel James (politician)|Joel James]]; Plaid Cymru's [[Rhys ab Owen]] and [[Heledd Fychan]].

==Education==
===Higher education===
* [[Cardiff Metropolitan University]], Llandaff campus
* [[St. Michael's College, Llandaff|St. Michael's College]], [[Anglican]] [[theological college]]

===State secondary schools===
* [[Bishop of Llandaff Church in Wales High School]], comprehensive, English medium.
* {{lang|cy|[[Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Glantaf]]|italic=no}} (serving Llandaff, but located in Llandaff North), [[Welsh medium education|Welsh medium]].

===State primary schools===
*Danescourt Primary School, English medium.<ref>{{cite web|title=Danescourt Primary School|url=http://www.danescourtprm.cardiff.sch.uk/|access-date=4 December 2015}}</ref>
*Llandaff City Church in Wales Primary School, English medium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.llandaffprm.cardiff.sch.uk/|title=Llandaff City Primary School|access-date=4 December 2015}}</ref>
* {{lang|cy|Ysgol Pencae|italic=no}}, Welsh medium.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ysgol Pencae|url=http://ysgolpencae.cymru/|access-date=4 December 2015|language=cy}}</ref>

===Independent schools===
* [[The Cathedral School, Llandaff|The Cathedral School]], ages 3–18 co-educational, English medium.
* [[Howell's School Llandaff|Howell's School]], ages 3–18 girls, with co-educational sixth form, English medium.

==Transport==
Llandaff is served by [[railway stations]] at [[Danescourt railway station|Danescourt]], [[Fairwater railway station|Fairwater]], and [[Waun-Gron Park railway station|Waun-Gron Park]]; each is about a mile from the cathedral.  There is a half-hourly service to and from Cardiff on the [[Cardiff City Line]].  [[Llandaf railway station]] is located in [[Llandaff North]].

[[Cardiff Bus]] services 1/2 (''City Circle''), 24/25 (Whitchurch), 62/63 (Radyr/Morganstown), 64/65 (Heath Hospital/Llanrumney), 66 (Danescourt), and Stagecoach service 122 (Tonypandy) operate through the area to/from [[Cardiff city centre]].

Western Avenue ([[A48 road|A48]]) runs through the south of the area, heading eastbound to [[Gabalfa]] and [[M4 motorway|M4]] J29, and westbound to [[Ely, Cardiff|Ely]], [[Culverhouse Cross]], and M4 J33.  Cardiff Road leads south towards [[Cardiff city centre]].

==Economy==
The major employment sectors in the area are:

* Education (16.2%)
* Human health and social work activities (13.8%)
* Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles (11.3%)
* [[Public administration]]  and defence (9.6%)
* Professional, scientific and technical activities (8.9%)
* Other services (6.2%)
* Construction (6.1%)
* Information and communication (5.6%)
* [[Banking]], [[finance]] and [[insurance]] (5.3%)
* Accommodation and food service activities (4.3%)
* Manufacturing (4%)<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Census Key Statistics - Llandaff|url=http://formerly.cardiff.gov.uk/content.asp?nav=2872,3256,3300,4827&parent_directory_id=2865&id=13985&pagetype=&keyword=|website=Cardiff Government|access-date=8 August 2017}}</ref>

[[Broadcasting House, Cardiff|Broadcasting House]], formerly the headquarters of [[BBC Cymru Wales]], was opened in Llandaff in 1966. BBC Cymru Wales moved to new facilities at [[Central Square, Cardiff]] in 2020,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-07-15 |title=BBC Wales goes live from new Cardiff HQ |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News Online]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-53420795 |access-date=2020-09-30 }}</ref> with the remaining Llandaff site due for housing development.

==''Doctor Who''==
Following its revival in 2005, the long-running science-fiction television series ''[[Doctor Who]]'' was produced by BBC Wales in Llandaff. Production was relocated to the BBC's new [[Roath Lock]] studios in Cardiff Bay<ref>{{cite web |title=Working at Roath Lock |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/corporate2/cymruwales/contactus/roathlock |publisher=[[BBC Cymru Wales]] |access-date=3 June 2017 }}</ref> in 2012. The location scenes of four episodes were filmed in Llandaff:<ref>{{cite web |title=''Doctor Who'' in Wales; Llandaff Village, Cardiff |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/arts/sites/doctor-who-wales/alllocations/cardiff-llandaff-village |publisher=[[BBC Cymru Wales]] |access-date=3 December 2015 }}</ref>

* "[[Human Nature (Doctor Who)|Human Nature]]" (2007)
* "[[The Family of Blood]]" (2007)
* "[[The Eleventh Hour (Doctor Who)|The Eleventh Hour]]" (2010)
* "[[Vincent and the Doctor]]" (2010)

==Llandaff Festival==
The '''Llandaff Cathedral Festival''' was founded in 1958 and ran annually until 1986. It played an important role in Welsh (and Cardiff) music before the building of [[St David's Hall]] in 1982, commissioning large orchestral and choral works (from [[Alun Hoddinott]], [[Arwel Hughes]], [[Daniel Jones (composer)|Daniel Jones]], [[Norman Kay (composer)|Norman Kay]], [[William Mathias]], [[Grace Williams]] and others) and attracting international soloists for chamber music and piano recitals. The event was briefly revived between 2008 and 2013.<ref>[https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/llandaff-festival-returns-after-22-2169078 'Llandaff Festival returns after 22 years']. ''Wales Online'', 9 June, 2008</ref> After a gap of nine years the festival was revived once again in 2022 as a four day event, and has been held annually since then.<ref>[https://www.llandaffcathedralfestival.org/ landaffcathedralfestival.org]</ref>

==Notable people==
{{See also|Category:People from Llandaff}}
[[File:11 High Street, Llandaff (Jan 2023).jpg|thumb|"Mrs Pratchett's" former sweet shop at [[11 High Street, Llandaff|11 High Street]] in Llandaff, Cardiff has a [[blue plaque]] commemorating the mischief a young [[Roald Dahl]] played on her by putting a mouse in the [[gobstoppers]] jar.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_east/8253467.stm "Blue plaque marks Dahl sweet shop"]. [[BBC News]]. Retrieved 24 December 2014.</ref>]]

* Sir [[Ivor Atkins]] (1869–1953), choirmaster and organist; was born in Llandaff.<ref>
[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/30493 Jerrold Northrop Moore, ''Atkins, Sir Ivor Algernon (1869–1953)'', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography], [[Oxford University Press]], 2004, accessed 16 March 2008</ref>
* [[James Dean Bradfield]] (born 1969), singer, guitarist and songwriter with the [[Manic Street Preachers]]
* [[Charlotte Church]] (born 1986), singer and television presenter; was born in Llandaff, and attended [[Howell's School, Llandaff|Howell's School]].
* [[Roald Dahl]] (1916–1990), author; was born in Llandaff, and attended [[The Cathedral School, Llandaff|the Cathedral School]].<ref>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/39827 Philip Howard, ''Dahl, Roald (1916–1990)''], Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, [[Oxford University Press]], 2004; online edition, May 2006, accessed 16 March 2008</ref>
* [[Cheryl Gillan]] (1952–2021), [[Secretary of State for Wales]] (2010–2012); was born in Llandaff.
* [[Francis Lewis]] (1713–1802), one of the signatories of the [[United States Declaration of Independence]].<ref>{{cite DWB|last=Williams|first=David|title=LEWIS, Francis (1713-1802)|id=s-LEWI-FRA-1713|access-date=18 January 2016}}</ref>
* [[Sir David Mathew]] (Dafydd ap Mathew) (1400–1484), [[Standard Bearer of England]] to [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]; fought in the [[Battle of Towton]], and is credited for saving King Edward IV's life, and granted the right to use 'Towton' on the Mathew Family arms.  His tomb is in Llandaff Cathedral.
* [[Terry Nation]] (1930−1997), television scriptwriter was born in Llandaff, wrote seventy ''Doctor Who'' episodes, and created the [[Dalek]]s.<ref>{{cite news |title=''Doctor Who'': Daleks' creator Terry Nation has blue plaque at Cardiff home |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-25006969 |work=[[BBC News Online]] |access-date=3 December 2015 |date=20 November 2013}}</ref> He also created the BBC series ''[[Blake's 7]]'' and ''[[Survivors (1975 TV series)|Survivors]]'' and wrote a number of episodes for [[Lew Grade]]'s [[ITC Entertainment]] show ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]''.
* [[Ivor Williams]] (1908–1982), artist; lived and painted in Llandaff.
{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Llandaff}}
* [https://www.geograph.org.uk/search.php?i=2774295 Photos of Llandaff and surrounding area]—Geograph.org.uk

{{Cardiff}}
{{Communities of Cardiff}}
{{Politics and Government in Cardiff}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Llandaff| ]]
[[Category:Cardiff electoral wards]]
[[Category:Communities in Cardiff]]
[[Category:Districts of Cardiff]]