Editing Lithium citrate

{{Short description|Chemical used in psychiatric treatment}}
{{chembox
| ImageFile = Lithiumcitrat V2.svg
| ImageClass = skin-invert-image
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 400144718
| Name = Lithium citrate
| OtherNames = Trilithium citrate<br />trilithium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 12932
| ChEBI = 64735
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1201170
| DrugBank = DB14507
| EC_number = 213-045-8
| InChI = 1/C6H8O7.3Li/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3
| InChIKey = WJSIUCDMWSDDCE-DFZHHIFOAV
| SMILES = [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].O=C([O-])CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC(=O)[O-]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H8O7.3Li/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = WJSIUCDMWSDDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 919-16-4 
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 3655633623
| RTECS = TZ8616000 
| PubChem = 13520
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Li<sub>3</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>
| MolarMass = 209.923 g mol<sup>−1</sup> 
| Appearance = Odorless white powder 
| Density = 
| MeltingPt = decomposes at
| MeltingPtC = 105
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = 
| FlashPt = N/A
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|319}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|305+351+338}}
    }}
}}

'''Lithium citrate''' (Li<sub>3</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) is a [[lithium]] salt of [[citric acid]] that is used as a [[mood stabilizer]] in psychiatric treatment of [[mania|manic]] states and [[bipolar disorder]].<ref>[http://www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/pms-lithium-citrate Medication description]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=pms-Lithium Citrate - Uses, Side Effects, Interactions - MedBroadcast.com |url=https://medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/pms-lithium-citrate |access-date=2017-08-15 |website=medbroadcast.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_Medications&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=51&ContentID=20820|title=Medical use|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615120040/http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_Medications&Template=%2FTaggedPage%2FTaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=51&ContentID=20820 |access-date=2006-07-29 |archive-date=2006-06-15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-17 |title=Lithium: medicine to control mood disorders such as mania and bipolar disorder |url=https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/lithium/ |access-date=2022-08-25 |website=nhs.uk}}</ref> There is extensive [[lithium pharmacology|pharmacology of lithium]], the active component of this salt.

== History ==
Lithium citrate was one of the lithium salts used to add lithium to drinks and water ([[lithia water]]) in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, when there was a general health craze for lithium with it believed to be a cure-all.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Lithium: Proving Its Mettle for 50 Years |journal=JAMA |date=23 June 1999 |volume=281 |issue=24 |pages=2271 |doi=10.1001/jama.281.24.2271}}</ref> The [[soft drink]] [[7_Up#History|7Up]] was at one point named "7Up Lithiated Lemon Soda" when it was formulated in 1929 because it claimed to contain lithium citrate. The beverage was a [[patent medicine]] marketed as a cure for [[hangover]]. In 1936 the federal government forced the manufacturer to remove a number of health claims, and because "lithium was not an actual ingredient", the name was changed to just "7 Up" in 1937.<ref name=lockhard>{{Cite journal |last1=Lockhart |first1=Bill |last2=Brown |first2=Bob |date=2024 |title=The Seven-Up Company and 7-Up Bottles The Real Story: A Look at the Myths, the Mystery, and the Magic |url=https://sha.org/bottle/pdffiles/7-UpStudy1.pdf |journal=Society for Historical Archaeology}} [https://sha.org/bottle/pdffiles/7-UpStudy2.pdf Chapter 1] [https://sha.org/bottle/pdffiles/7-UpStudy2.pdf Chapter 2]</ref>{{rp|&sect;2}} Many sources repeat an incorrect version of the story where the name is "Bib-Label Lithiated Lemon-Lime Soda" and the removal happened in 1948 due to a [[Food and Drug Administration]] ban.<ref name="gielen 3">{{Cite book | last = Gielen | first = Marcel | author2 = Edward R. T. Tiekink | title = Metallotherapeutic drugs and metal-based diagnostic agents: The use of metals in medicine | url = https://archive.org/details/metallotherapeut00giel | url-access = limited | publisher = John Wiley and Sons | year = 2005 | page = [https://archive.org/details/metallotherapeut00giel/page/n92 3] | isbn = 0-470-86403-6 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://time.com/4231522/7up-lithium-chemical-reaction/ | title=Here's the Gross Thing That Happens when You Mix 7-Up with Lithium | publisher= Time, Inc. | date=2016-02-20 | access-date= 2024-12-11}}</ref>

Lithium citrate is used as a mood stabilizer and is used to treat [[mania]], [[hypomania]], [[Depression (mood)|depression]] and [[bipolar disorder]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=PubChem |title=Lithium citrate |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/13520 |access-date=2022-09-08 |website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> It can be administered orally in the form of a syrup.<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Mood stabilizers}}
{{Lithium compounds}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lithium Citrate}}

[[Category:Citrates]]
[[Category:Lithium salts]]
[[Category:Mood stabilizers]]
[[Category:Organolithium compounds]]

{{nervous-system-drug-stub}}