Editing List of thermodynamic properties

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In thermodynamics, a physical property is any property that is measurable, and whose value describes a state of a physical system. Thermodynamic properties are defined as characteristic features of a system, capable of specifying the system's state. Some constants, such as the [[ideal gas constant]], {{mvar|R}}, do not describe the state of a system, and so are not properties.  On the other hand, some constants, such as {{mvar|K<sub>f</sub>}} (the freezing point depression constant, or [[cryoscopic constant]]), depend on the identity of a substance, and so may be considered to describe the state of a system, and therefore may be considered physical properties.

"Specific" properties are expressed on a per mass basis.  If the units were changed from per mass to, for example, per mole, the property would remain as it was (i.e., [[Intensive and extensive properties|intensive or extensive]]).

==Regarding work and heat==

[[Work (thermodynamics)|Work]] and [[heat]] are not thermodynamic properties, but rather ''[[process function|process quantities]]:'' flows of energy across a system boundary. Systems do not ''contain'' work, but can ''perform'' work, and likewise, in formal thermodynamics, systems do not ''contain'' heat, but can ''transfer'' heat. Informally, however, a difference in the energy of a system that occurs solely because of a difference in its temperature is commonly called ''heat'', and the energy that flows across a boundary as a result of a temperature difference is "heat".

Altitude (or elevation) is usually not a thermodynamic property.  Altitude can help specify the location of a system, but that does not describe the state of the system.  An exception would be if the effect of gravity need to be considered in order to describe a state, in which case altitude could indeed be a thermodynamic property.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+[[Thermodynamic]] [[physical property|properties]] and their characteristics
!Property!!Symbol!!Units!![[Intensive and extensive properties|Extensive?]]!![[Intensive and extensive properties|Intensive?]]!![[Conjugate variables (thermodynamics)|Conjugate]]!![[Thermodynamic potential|Potential?]]
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[activity (chemistry)|Activity]]
|{{mvar|a}}
|{{spaced ndash}}
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Chemical potential]]
|{{mvar|μ<sub>i</sub>}}
|kJ/mol
|
|{{aye}}
|Particle<br /> number {{mvar|N<sub>i</sub>}}
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Compressibility]] <small>(adiabatic)</small>
|{{mvar|β<sub>S</sub>}}, {{mvar|κ}}
|Pa<sup>−1</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Compressibility]] <small>(isothermal)</small>
|{{mvar|β<sub>T</sub>}}, {{mvar|κ}}
|Pa<sup>−1</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Cryoscopic constant]]<ref>{{Citation
  | last = Aylward
  | first = Gordon
  | author-link = Gordon Aylward
  | last2 = Findlay
  | first2 = Tristan
  | author2-link = Tristan Findlay
  | title = SI Chemical Data 5th ed.
  | place = Sweden
  | publisher = John Wiley & Sons
  | year = 2002
  | edition = 5
  | pages = 202
  | isbn = 0-470-80044-5}}</ref>
|{{mvar|K<sub>f</sub>}}
|K·kg/mol
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Density]]
|{{mvar|ρ}}
|kg/m<sup>3</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Ebullioscopic constant]]
|{{mvar|K<sub>b</sub>}}
|K·kg/mol
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Enthalpy]]
|{{mvar|H}}
|J
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} [[Specific enthalpy]]
|{{mvar|h}} 
|J/kg
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Entropy]]
|{{mvar|S}}
|J/K
|{{aye}}
|
|Temperature {{mvar|T}}
|{{aye}} <small>([[Free entropy|entropic]])</small>
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} Specific entropy
|{{mvar|s}}
|J/(kg K)
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Fugacity]]
|{{mvar|f}}
|N/m<sup>2</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Gibbs free energy]]
|{{mvar|G}}
|J
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} Specific Gibbs free energy
|{{mvar|g}}
|J/kg
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Free entropy|Gibbs free entropy]]
|{{math|Ξ}}
|J/K
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}} <small>([[Free entropy|entropic]])</small>
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Grand potential|Grand / Landau potential]]
|{{math|Ω}}
|J
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Heat capacity]] <small>(constant pressure)</small>
|{{mvar|C<sub>p</sub>}} 
|J/K
|{{aye}}
|
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} [[Specific heat capacity]]<br/>{{space|6}}<small>(constant pressure)</small>
|{{mvar|c<sub>p</sub>}} 
|J/(kg·K)
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Heat capacity]] <small>(constant volume)</small>
|{{mvar|C<sub>v</sub>}}
|J/K
|{{aye}}
|
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} [[Specific heat capacity]]<br/>{{space|6}}<small>(constant volume)</small>
|{{mvar|c<sub>v</sub>}}
|J/(kg·K)
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Helmholtz free energy]]
|{{mvar|A}}, {{mvar|F}}
|J
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Free entropy|Helmholtz free entropy]]
|{{math|Φ}}
|J/K
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}} <small>([[Free entropy|entropic]])</small>
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Internal energy]]
|{{mvar|U}}
|J
|{{aye}}
|
|
|{{aye}}
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{space|3}} [[Specific internal energy]]
|{{mvar|u}}
|J/kg
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Internal pressure]]
|{{mvar|π<sub>T</sub>}}
|Pa
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Mass]]
|{{mvar|m}}
|kg
|{{aye}}
|
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Particle number]]
|{{mvar|N<sub>i</sub>}}
|{{spaced ndash}}
|{{aye}}
|
|Chemical<br /> potential {{mvar|μ<sub>i</sub>}}
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Pressure]]
|{{mvar|p}}
|Pa
|
|{{aye}}
|Volume {{mvar|V}}
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermodynamic temperature|Temperature]]
|{{mvar|T}}
|K
|
|{{aye}}
|Entropy {{mvar|S}}
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermal conductivity]]
|{{mvar|k}}
|W/(m·K)
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermal diffusivity]]
|{{mvar|α}} 
|m<sup>2</sup>/s
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermal expansion]] <small>(linear)</small>
|{{mvar|α<sub>L</sub>}}
|K<sup>−1</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermal expansion]] <small>(area)</small>
|{{mvar|α<sub>A</sub>}}
|K<sup>−1</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Thermal expansion]] <small>(volumetric)</small>
|{{mvar|α<sub>V</sub>}}
|K<sup>−1</sup>
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Vapor quality]]<ref name=boles>{{Cite book  | last1 = Cengel | first1 = Yunus A. | last2 = Boles | first2 = Michael A. | title = Thermodynamics: an engineering approach | year = 2002 | publisher = McGraw-Hill | location = Boston  | isbn = 0-07-121688-X | pages =  79}}</ref>
|{{mvar|χ}}
|{{spaced ndash}}
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|[[Volume (thermodynamics)|Volume]]
|{{mvar|V}} 
|m<sup>3</sup>
|{{aye}}
|
|Pressure {{mvar|P}}
|
|-
|style="text-align:left"|{{spaces|3}} [[Specific volume]]
|{{mvar|ν}}
|m<sup>3</sup>/kg
|
|{{aye}}
|
|
|}

==See also==
* [[Conjugate variables (thermodynamics)|Conjugate variables]]
* [[Dimensionless number]]s
* [[Intensive and extensive properties]]
* [[Thermodynamic databases for pure substances]]
* [[Thermodynamic variable]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Thermodynamic Properties}}
[[Category:Physics-related lists|Thermodynamic properties]]