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{{Short description|none}} This list, in alphabetical order within categories, of notable [[hispanic]] people of [[Spanish people|Spanish heritage and descent]] born and raised in Spain, or of direct Spanish descent. ''Note: The same person may appear under several headings.'' {| border=1 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 align=right width=300px |+'''Reino de España''' (Spanish)<br /> |- | style=background:#efefef; align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 |- | align=center width=140px | [[File:Flag of Spain.svg|125px|Flag of Spain]] || align=center width=140px | [[File:Escudo de España (mazonado).svg|125px|Spain: Coat of Arms]] |- | align=center width=140px valign="center" | ([[Flag of Spain]]) || align=center width=140px | ([[Coat of Arms of Spain]]) |} |- | {{Commons category|People of Spain}} |} == Actors == {{See also|List of Spanish actors|Category:Spanish actors}} [[File:Fernando Rey.jpg|thumb|right|140px|[[Fernando Rey]]]] [[File:Paco Rabal. pirog..JPG|thumb|right|140px|[[Francisco Rabal]]]] [[File:Sara Montiel.jpg|thumb|right|140px|[[Sara Montiel]]]] [[File:Antonio Banderas 2014.jpg|thumb|right|120px|[[Antonio Banderas]]]] [[File:Premios Goya 2018 - Penélope Cruz.jpg|thumb|right|120px|[[Penélope Cruz]]]] [[File:Premios Goya 2018 - Javier Bardem (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Javier Bardem]]]] [[File:Goyas 2023 -Manu Ríos.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Manu Ríos]]]] *[[Victoria Abril|Victoria '''Abril''']] (born 1957) *[[Georgina Amorós|Georgina '''Amorós''']] (born 1998) *[[Elena Anaya|Elena '''Anaya''']] (born 1975) *[[Antonio Banderas|Antonio '''Banderas''']] (born 1960) *[[Javier Bardem|Javier '''Bardem''']] (born 1969) *[[Pilar Bardem|Pilar '''Bardem''']] (1939–2021) *[[Amparo Baró|Amparo '''Baró''']] (1937–2015) *[[Claudia Bassols|Claudia '''Bassols''']] (born 1979) *'''[[Ana Belén]]''' (born 1951) *[[Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey|Àstrid '''Bergès-Frisbey''']] (born 1986) * [[ Miguel Bernardeau |Miguel '''Bernardeau''']] (born 1996) *[[Juan Diego Botto|Juan Diego '''Botto''']] (born 1975) *[[Mario Casas|Mario '''Casas''']] (born 1986) *[[Javier Cámara|Javier '''Cámara''']] (born 1967) * [[Inma Cuesta |Inma '''Cuesta''']] (born 1980) *[[Mark Consuelos|Mark '''Consuelos''']] (born 1970) *[[Úrsula Corberó|Úrsula '''Corberó''']] (born 1989) *[[Penélope Cruz|Penélope '''Cruz''']] (born 1974) *[[Ana de Armas|Ana '''de Armas''']] (born 1988) *[[Carla Díaz|Carla '''Díaz ''']] (born 1998) *[[Gabino Diego|Gabino '''Diego''']] (born 1966) *[[Lola Dueñas|Lola '''Dueñas''']] (1908–1983) *[[Andrea Duro|Andrea '''Duro''']] (born 1991) *[[Paula Echevarría|Paula ''' Echevarría''']] (born 1977) *[[Itzan Escamilla|Itzan ''' Escamilla''']] (born 1997) *[[Ester Expósito|Ester '''Expósito''']] (born 2000) *[[Angelines Fernández|Angelines '''Fernández''']] (1922–1994) *[[Angy Fernández|Angy''' Fernández''']] (born 1990) *[[Bibiana Fernández|Bibiana '''Fernández''']] (born 1954) *[[Fernando Fernán Gómez|Fernando '''Fernán Gómez''']] (1921–2007) *[[Alba Flores|Alba '''Flores''']] (born 1986) *[[Elena Furiase|Elena '''Furiase''']] (born 1988) *[[Juan Luis Galiardo|Juan Luis '''Galiardo''']] (1940–2012) *[[Macarena García|Macarena '''García''']] (born 1988) *[[Sancho Gracia|Sancho '''Gracia''']] (1936–2012) *[[Salma Hayek|Salma '''Hayek''']] (born 1966) *[[Chus Lampreave|Chus '''Lampreave''']] (1930–2016) *[[Alfredo Landa|Alfredo '''Landa''']] (1933–2013) *[[Sergi López (actor)|Sergi '''López''']] (born 1965) *[[José Luis López Vázquez|José Luis '''López Vázquez''']] (1922–2009) *[[Iván Massagué|Iván '''Massagué''']] (born 1976) *[[Carmen Maura|Carmen '''Maura''']] (born 1945) *[[Ana Milán|Ana '''Milán''']] (born 1973) *[[Jordi Mollà|Jordi '''Mollà''']] (born 1968) *[[Lina Morgan|Lina '''Morgan''']] (1936–2015) *[[Irene Montalà|Irene '''Montalà ''']] (born 1976) *[[Sara Montiel|Sara '''Montiel''']] (1928–2013) *[[Abril Montilla Parra|Abril '''Montilla Parra''']] (born 2000) *[[Paul Naschy|Paul '''Naschy''']] (1934–2009) *[[Najwa Nimri|Najwa '''Nimri''']] (born 1972) *[[Eduardo Noriega (Spanish actor)|Eduardo '''Noriega''']] (born 1973) *[[Elsa Pataky|Elsa '''Pataky''']] (born 1976) *[[María Pedraza|María '''Pedraza''']] (born 1996) *[[Lucía Ramos|Lucía '''Ramos''']] (born 1991) *[[Fernando Rey|Fernando '''Rey''']] (1917–1994) *[[Manu Ríos|Manu '''Ríos''']] (born 1998) *[[Blanca Romero|Blanca '''Romero''']] (born 1976) *[[Sara Sálamo|Sara '''Sálamo''']] (born 1992) *[[Claudia Salas|Claudia '''Salas''']] (born 1994) *[[Marina Salas|Marina '''Salas''']] (born 1988) *[[Fernando Sancho|Fernando '''Sancho''']] (1916–1990) *[[Santiago Segura|Santiago '''Segura''']] (born 1965) *[[Miguel Ángel Silvestre|Miguel Ángel ''' Silvestre''']] (born 1982) *[[Blanca Suárez|Blanca '''Suárez''']] (born 1988) *[[Luis Tosar|Luis '''Tosar''']] (born 1971) *[[María Valverde|María '''Valverde''']] (born 1986) *[[Concha Velasco|Concha '''Velasco''']] (born 1939) *[[Paz Vega|Paz '''Vega''']] (born 1976) *[[Maribel Verdú|Maribel '''Verdú''']] (born 1970) == Artists == {{See also|Category:Spanish artists}} [[File:El Greco - Portrait of a Man - WGA10554.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[El Greco]]]] [[File:Diego Velázquez Autorretrato 45 x 38 cm - Colección Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Carlos - Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Diego Velázquez]]]] [[File:Luis de la Cruz y Ríos, autorretrato.jpg|thumb|right|130px|Luis de la Cruz y Ríos]] [[File:Francisco de Zurbarán autoportrait.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Francisco de Zurbarán]]]] [[File:Vicente López Portaña - el pintor Francisco de Goya.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Francisco Goya]]]] [[File:Antoni Gaudi 1878.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Antoni Gaudí]]]] [[File:Portrait de Picasso, 1908.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Pablo Picasso]]]] [[File:Salvador Dalí 1939.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Salvador Dalí]]]] [[File:Portrait of Joan Miro, Barcelona 1935 June 13.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Joan Miró]]]] *[[David Aja|David '''Aja''']] (born 1977), comics artist *[[Leonardo Alenza|Leonardo '''Alenza''']] (1807–1845), [[Romanticism|Romantic]] painter *[[Hermenegildo Anglada Camarasa|Hermenegildo '''Anglada''']] (1871–1959), [[Catalan modernism|Catalan modernist]] painter *[[Alonso Berruguete|Alonso '''Berruguete''']] (c. 1488–1561), [[Spanish Renaissance]] painter and sculptor *[[Pedro Berruguete|Pedro '''Berruguete''']] (c. 1450–1504), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Aureliano de Beruete|Aureliano de '''Beruete''']] (1845–1912), painter *[[Felipe Bigarny|Felipe '''Bigarny''']] (c. 1475–1542), Spanish Renaissance sculptor *[[María Blanchard|María '''Blanchard''']] (1881–1932), [[Cubism|Cubist]] painter *[[Lita Cabellut|Lita '''Cabellut''']] (born 1961), painter *[[Eugenio Cajés|Eugenio '''Cajés''']] (c. 1534–1574), [[Baroque]] painter *[[Alonso Cano|Alonso '''Cano''']] (1601–1667), Baroque painter *[[Juan Caro de Tavira|Juan '''Caro de Tavira''']] (fl. 17th century), painter *[[Juan Carreño de Miranda|Juan '''Carreño de Miranda''']] (1614–1685), Baroque painter *[[Ramon Casas|Ramon '''Casas''']] (1866–1932), Catalan Modernist painter *[[Antonio del Castillo|Antonio del '''Castillo''']] (1616–1668), Baroque painter *'''[[Charris]]''' (born 1962), painter *[[Chumy Chúmez|Chumy '''Chúmez''']] (1927–2003), cartoonist *[[José de Creeft|José de '''Creeft''']] (1884–1982), [[Modernism|Modernist]] sculptor and teacher *[[Claudio Coello|Claudio '''Coello''']] (1642–1693), Baroque painter *[[Anabel Colazo|Anabel '''Colazo''']] (born 1993), illustrator and cartoonist * Luis de la Cruz y Ríos (1776-1853) Spanish painter *[[Salvador Dalí|Salvador '''Dalí''']] (1904–1989), [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] artist *[[Óscar Domínguez|Óscar '''Domínguez''']] (1906–1957), Surrealist artist *[[Antonio María Esquivel|Antonio María '''Esquivel''']] (1806–1857), Romantic painter *[[Joaquim Espalter|Joaquim '''Espalter''']] (1809–1880), [[Orientalism|Orientalist]] painter *[[Gregorio Fernández|Gregorio '''Fernández''']] (1576–1636), Baroque sculptor *[[Pasqual Ferry|Pasqual '''Ferry''']] (born 1961), comics artist *[[Marià Fortuny|Marià '''Fortuny''']] (1838–1874), Romantic painter *[[Pablo Gargallo|Pablo '''Gargallo''']] (1881–1934), Cubist sculptor *[[Antoni Gaudí|Antoni '''Gaudí''']] (1852–1926), Catalan Modernist architect and sculptor *[[Francisco Goya|Francisco de '''Goya''']] (1746–1828), Romantic painter and [[Engraving|engraver]] *[[Julio González (sculptor)|Julio '''González''']] (1876–1942), Cubist sculptor *[[Eugenio Granell|Eugenio '''Granell''']] (1912–2001), Surrealist painter *[[El Greco|El '''Greco''']] (1541–1614), Spanish Renaissance painter and sculptor *[[Juan Gris|Juan '''Gris''']] (1887–1927), Cubist painter *[[Carlos de Haes|Carlos de '''Haes''']] (1829–1898), [[Realism (arts)|Realist]] painter *[[Francisco Herrera the Elder|Francisco '''Herrera''' the Elder]] (1576–1656), painter *[[Francisco Herrera the Younger|Francisco '''Herrera''' the Younger]] (1622–1685), painter and architect *'''[[Juan de Juanes]]''' (c. 1507–1579), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Antonio López García|Antonio '''López''']] (born 1936), Realist painter and sculptor *[[José de Madrazo y Agudo|José de '''Madrazo''']] (1781–1859), [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] painter *[[Juan Bautista Maíno|Juan Bautista '''Maíno''']] (1581–1649), Baroque painter *[[Maruja Mallo|Maruja '''Mallo''']] (1902–1995), Surrealist painter *[[Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo|Juan Bautista '''Martínez del Mazo''']] (1612–1667), Baroque painter *[[Pedro de Mena|Pedro de '''Mena''']] (1628–1688), Baroque sculptor *[[Joaquin Mir Trinxet|Joaquin '''Mir''']] (1873–1940), Catalan Modernist painter *[[Joan Miró|Joan '''Miró''']] (1893–1983), Surrealist painter, sculptor and ceramist *[[Juan Fernández Navarrete|Juan Fernández '''Navarrete''']] (1526–1579), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Isidre Nonell|Isidre '''Nonell''']] (1872–1911), Modernist painter *[[Darío de Regoyos|Darío de '''Regoyos''']] (1857–1913), [[Impressionism|Impressionist]] painter *[[Jusepe de Ribera|Jusepe de '''Ribera''']] (1591–1652), Baroque painter *[[Lluís Rigalt|Lluís '''Rigalt''']] (1814–1894), Romantic painter *[[Diego de Siloé|Diego de '''Siloé''']] (c. 1495–1563), Spanish Renaissance architect and sculptor *[[Joaquín Sorolla|Joaquín '''Sorolla''']] (1863–1923), Impressionist painter *[[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo|Bartolomé Esteban '''Murillo''']] (1618–1682), Baroque painter *[[Pilar Nouvilas i Garrigolas|Pilar '''Nouvilas i Garrigolas''']] (1854–1938), Spanish painter *[[Bartolomé Ordóñez|Bartolomé '''Ordóñez''']] (c. 1480–1520), Spanish Renaissance sculptor *[[Pedro Orrente|Pedro '''Orrente''']] (1580–1645), Baroque painter *[[Rodrigo de Osona|Rodrigo de '''Osona''']] (c. 1440–c. 1518), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Carlos Pacheco|Carlos '''Pacheco''']] (born 1961), comics artist *[[Juan Pantoja de la Cruz|Juan '''Pantoja de la Cruz''']] (1553–1608), painter *[[Laura Pérez Vernetti|Laura '''Pérez Vernetti''']] (born 1958), cartoonist and illustrator *[[Pablo Picasso|Pablo '''Picasso''']] (1881–1973), painter and sculptor, co-founder of [[Cubism]] *[[Francesc Ribalta|Francesc '''Ribalta''']] (1565–1628), Baroque painter *[[Luisa Roldán|Luisa '''Roldán''']] (1652–1706), Baroque sculptor *[[Pedro Roldán|Pedro '''Roldán''']] (1624–1699), Baroque sculptor *[[Julio Romero de Torres|Julio '''Romero de Torres''']] (1874–1930), [[Symbolism (arts)|Symbolist]] painter *[[Eduardo Rosales|Eduardo '''Rosales''']] (1836–1873), [[Purismo|Purist]] painter *[[Santiago Rusiñol|Santiago '''Rusiñol''']] (1861–1931), Catalan Modernist painter and poet *[[Alonso Sánchez Coello|Alonso '''Sánchez Coello''']] (1531–1588), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Juan Sánchez Cotán|Juan '''Sánchez Cotán''']] (1560–1627), Baroque painter *[[Antoni Tàpies|Antoni '''Tàpies''']] (1923–2012), [[Abstract expressionism|abstract Expressionist]] painter *[[Trini Tinturé|Trini '''Tinturé''']] (born 1935), cartoonist and illustrator *[[Luis Tristán|Luis '''Tristán''']] (c. 1585–1624), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Juan de Valdés Leal|Juan de '''Valdés''' Leal]] (1622–1690), Baroque painter *[[Juan van der Hamen|Juan '''Van der Hamen''']] (1596–1631), Romantic painter *[[Eugenio Lucas Velázquez|Eugenio Lucas '''Velázquez''']] (1817–1870), Romantic painter *[[Diego Velázquez|Diego '''Velázquez''']] (1599–1660), Baroque painter *[[Jenaro Pérez Villaamil|Jenaro Pérez '''Villaamil''']] (1807–1854), painter *[[Fernando Yáñez de la Almedina|Fernando '''Yáñez de la Almedina''']] (1505–1537), Spanish Renaissance painter *[[Ignacio Zuloaga|Ignacio '''Zuloaga''']] (1870–1945), painter *[[Francisco de Zurbarán|Francisco de '''Zurbarán''']] (1598–1644), Baroque painter == Explorers and conquerors == {{See also|Category:Spanish explorers|Category:Spanish conquistadors}} [[File:Retrato de Hernán Cortés.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Hernán Cortés]]]] [[File:Château de Beauregard - Francisco Pizarro.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Francisco Pizarro]]]] [[File:Cabeza de Vaca1.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca]]]] *[[Lope de Aguirre|Lope de '''Aguirre''']] (1511–1561), soldier and adventurer, explored the [[Amazon River]] looking for [[El Dorado]] *[[Diego de Almagro|Diego de '''Almagro''']] (1475–1538), explorer and [[conquistador]], first European in Chile * [[Luis de Moscoso Alvarado|Luis de Moscoso '''Alvarado''']] (1505–1551), explorer and conquistador. *[[Juan Bautista de Anza|Juan Bautista de '''Anza''']] (1736–1788), soldier and explorer, founded San Francisco, California *[[Sebastián de Belalcázar]] (1480–1551), first explorer in search of [[El Dorado]] in 1535 and conqueror of Ecuador and southern Colombia (Presidencia of Quito), founded [[Quito]] 1534, [[Cali]] 1536, [[Pasto (Colombia)|Pasto]] 1537, and [[Popayán]] 1537 *[[Fray Tomás de Berlanga|Fray Tomás de '''Berlanga''']] (1487–1551), bishop of [[Panama]], discovered the [[Galápagos Islands]] *[[Juan Bermúdez|Juan '''Bermúdez''']] (1450–1520), explorer and skier, discovered the [[Bermuda Islands]] *[[Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca|Álvar Núñez '''Cabeza de Vaca''']] (c. 1490–c. 1559), first European to explore the southwestern of what is now the United States (1528–1536), also explored South America (1540–1542) *[[Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo|Juan Rodríguez '''Cabrillo''']] (1499–1543), explorer, discovered California * [[Andrés Dorantes de Carranza|Andrés Dorantes de '''Carranza''']] (ca. 1500–1550), explorer and one of the four last survivors of [[Narváez expedition|the Narváez expedition]]. *[[Gabriel de Castilla|Gabriel de '''Castilla''']] (1577–1620), sailor; in 1603 he became probably the first man ever to sight [[Antarctica]]{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} *[[Cosme Damián de Churruca y Elorza|Cosme Damián '''Churruca''']] (1761–1805), explorer, astronomer and naval officer, mapped the [[Strait of Magellan]] (1788–1789) *[[Francisco Vásquez de Coronado|Francisco Vásquez de '''Coronado''']] (c. 1510–1554), explored [[New Mexico]] and other parts of the southwest of what is now the United States (1540–1542) *[[Hernán Cortés|Hernán '''Cortés''']] (1485–1547), [[conquistador]] of the [[Aztec Empire]], explorer of [[Baja California Peninsula]] *[[Juan Sebastián Elcano|Juan Sebastián '''Elcano''']] (1476–1526), explorer and sailor, first man to circumnavigate the world *[[Gaspar de Espinosa|Gaspar de '''Espinosa''']] (1467/1477–1537), soldier and explorer, first European to reach the coast of [[Nicaragua]], co-founder of [[Panama City]] *[[Diego Duque de Estrada|Diego Duque de '''Estrada''']] (1589–1647), soldier, explorer, writer *[[Salvador Fidalgo|Salvador '''Fidalgo''']] (1756–1803), naval officer and [[Cartography|cartographer]], explored [[Alaska]] in 1790, he named [[Cordova, Alaska|Cordova]], [[Port Gravina]], and [[Valdez, Alaska|Valdez]] *[[Miguel López de Legazpi|Miguel López de '''Legazpi''']] (1502–1572), explored and conquered the [[Philippines|Philippine Islands]] in 1565 *[[Vasco Núñez de Balboa|Vasco '''Núñez de Balboa''']] (1475–1519), first European to sight the Pacific Ocean, founder of [[Darién, Panama|Darién]] *[[Francisco de Orellana|Francisco de '''Orellana''']] (c. 1500–c. 1549), first European to explore the [[Amazon River]] *[[Pedrarias Dávila|Pedrarias '''Dávila''']] (Pedro Arias de Ávila, 1440–1531), [[conquistador]], founder of [[Panama]] and governor of [[Nicaragua]] *[[Francisco Pizarro|Francisco '''Pizarro''']] (1471–1541), conqueror of the [[Inca Empire]] in Peru *[[Juan Ponce de León|Juan '''Ponce de León''']] (1460–1521), first European to explore Florida (1513); founded the first European settlement in [[Puerto Rico]] (1508) * [[Alonso del Castillo Maldonado|Alonso del Castillo '''Maldonado''']] (died c. 1540), explorer and one of the four last survivors of [[Narváez expedition|the Narváez expedition]]. *[[Gaspar de Portolà|Gaspar de '''Portolà''']] (c. 1717–aft. 1784), explorer, founder of [[Monterey, California|Monterey]], California *[[Bartolomé Ruiz|Bartolomé '''Ruiz''']] (c. 1482–1532), first European to explore [[Ecuador]]; pilot for [[Francisco Pizarro|Pizarro]] and [[Christopher Columbus|Columbus]] *[[Hernando de Soto (explorer)|Hernando de '''Soto''']] (1500–1542), explorer and [[conquistador]], first European to explore the plains of eastern North America; discovered the [[Mississippi River]] and the [[Ohio River]] *[[Pedro de Valdivia|Pedro de '''Valdivia''']] (c. 1500–1554), conquistador of Chile, founder of [[Santiago]], [[Concepción, Chile|Concepción]], and [[Valdivia]] *[[Pedro de los Ríos y Gutiérrez de Aguayo|Pedro de los '''Ríos y Gutiérrez de Aguayo''']] (died 1547), Royal Spanish governor of Castilla del Oro *[[Vicente Yáñez Pinzón|Vicente '''Yáñez Pinzón''']] (c. 1461?–1514), explorer and sailor, first European to reach the coast of Brazil *[[Amaro Rodríguez Felipe|Amaro '''Rodríguez Felipe''']] (c. 1678–1747), [[pirate]] *[[Isabel de Urquiola]] (1854–1911), explorer ==Film directors== {{See also|Category:Spanish film directors}} [[File:LuisBuñuel1929.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Luis Buñuel]]]] [[File:Pedro Almodóvar at Premios Goya 2017 1 (cropped 3).jpg|thumb|110px|[[Pedro Almodóvar]]]] [[File:Premios Goya 2018 - Carlos Saura.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Carlos Saura]]]] [[File:Sos del Rey Católico 25.JPG|thumb|110px|[[Luis García Berlanga]]]] [[File:Victor_Erice.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Victor Erice]]]] *[[Pedro Almodóvar|Pedro '''Almodóvar''']] (born 1949) *[[Alejandro Amenábar|Alejandro '''Amenábar''']] (born 1972) *[[Montxo Armendáriz|Montxo '''Armendáriz''']] (born 1949) *[[Carlos Atanes|Carlos '''Atanes''']] (born 1971) *[[Juanma Bajo Ulloa|Juanma '''Bajo Ulloa''']] (born 1967) *[[Jaume Balagueró|Jaume '''Balagueró''']] (born 1968) *[[Juan Antonio Bardem|Juan Antonio '''Bardem''']] (1922–2002) *[[Juan Antonio Bayona|Juan Antonio '''Bayona''']] (born 1975) *[[Icíar Bollaín|Icíar '''Bollaín''']] (born 1967) *[[José Luis Borau|José Luis '''Borau''']] (1929–2012) *[[Luis Buñuel|Luis '''Buñuel''']] (1900–1983) *[[Mario Camus|Mario '''Camus''']] (1935–2021) *[[Segundo de Chomón|Segundo de '''Chomón''']] (1871–1929) *[[Isabel Coixet|Isabel '''Coixet''']] (born 1962) *[[Helena Cortesina|Helena '''Cortesina''']] (1903–1984) *[[Agustín Díaz Yanes|Agustín '''Díaz Yanes''']] (born 1950) *[[Víctor Erice|Víctor '''Erice''']] (1940) *[[Arantxa Echevarría|Arantxa '''Echevarría''']] (1968) *[[Fernando Fernán Gómez|Fernando '''Fernán Gómez''']] (1921–2007) *[[Amparo Fortuny|Amparo '''Fortuny''']] *[[Jesus Franco|Jesús '''Franco''']] (1930–2013) *[[José Luis Garci|José Luis '''Garci''']] (born 1944) *[[Luis García Berlanga|Luis '''García Berlanga''']] (1921–2010) *[[Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón|Manuel '''Gutiérrez Aragón''']] (born 1942) *[[Álex de la Iglesia|Álex de la '''Iglesia''']] (born 1965) *[[Fernando León de Aranoa|Fernando '''León de Aranoa''']] (born 1968) *[[Bigas Luna|Bigas '''Luna''']] (1946–2013) *[[Ana Mariscal|Ana '''Mariscal''']] (1923–1995) *[[Basilio Martín Patino|Basilio '''Martín Patino''']] (1930–2017) *[[Julio Médem|Julio '''Médem''']] (born 1958) *[[Pilar Miró|Pilar '''Miró''']] (1940–1997) *[[Josefina Molina|Josefina '''Molina''']] (born 1936) *[[Paul Naschy|Paul '''Naschy''']] (1934–2009) *[[Amando de Ossorio|Amando '''de Ossorio''']] (1918–2001) *[[Ventura Pons|Ventura '''Pons''']] (born 1945) *[[Gracia Querejeta|Gracia '''Querejeta''']] (1962) *[[Clara Roquet|Clara '''Roquet''']] (1988) *[[José Luis Sáenz de Heredia|José Luis '''Sáenz de Heredia''']] (1911–1992) *[[Carlos Saura|Carlos '''Saura''']] (1932–2023) *[[Santiago Segura|Santiago '''Segura''']] (born 1965) *[[David Trueba|David '''Trueba''']] (born 1969) *[[Fernando Trueba|Fernando '''Trueba''']] (born 1955) *[[Agustí Villaronga|Agustí '''Villaronga''']] (1953–2023) *[[Benito Zambrano|Benito '''Zambrano''']] (born 1964) *[[Lydia Zimmermann|Lydia '''Zimmermann''']] (born 1966) *[[Iván Zulueta|Iván '''Zulueta''']] (1943–2009) == Leaders and politicians == {{See also|List of Spanish monarchs|List of Spanish Prime Ministers|Category:Spanish politicians}} === Medieval ancestors === [[File:Don Pelayo, rey de Asturias (Museo del Prado).jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Pelagius of Asturias]]]] *'''[[Liuvigild]]''' ''King Liuvigild'', ''Leuvigild'', ''Leovigild'', or ''Leovigildo'' (519-586) was a [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] [[Visigothic Kingdom|king]] of [[Hispania]] and [[Septimania]] from 567 to 586. *''[[Pelayo of Asturias|'''Pelayo''' of Asturias]]'' (690–737), founding king of the [[Kingdom of Asturias]] *'''''[[Abd-ar-Rahman III]]''''' (891–961), [[Emir]] (912–929) and [[Caliph of Córdoba]] (929–961) *'''''[[Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir|Al-Mansur]]''''' (c. 938–1002), de facto ruler of Muslim Al-Andalus in late 10th and early 11th centuries *''[[Alfonso X of Castile|'''Alfonso X''' of Castile]]'' (1221–1284) === Modern === [[File:Isabel la Católica-2.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Isabella I of Castile]]]] [[File:Titian - Portrait of Charles V Seated - WGA22964.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]]]] [[File:Portrait of Philip II of Spain by Sofonisba Anguissola - 002b.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Philip II of Spain]]]] *[[Isabella I of Castile|'''Isabella''' of Castile]], ''the Catholic'' (1451–1504), [[List of Castilian monarchs#House of Trastámara|Queen of Castile and León]] (1474–1504, with Ferdinand) *'''[[Ferdinand II of Aragon|Ferdinand II]]''', ''[[Catholic Monarchs|the Catholic]]'' (1452–1516), [[List of Aragonese monarchs|King of Aragon]] (1479–1516), [[List of Castilian monarchs#House of Trastámara|Castile and León]] (1474–1504, with Isabella), [[Sicily]] (1479–1516), [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]] (1504–1516) and [[List of Valencian monarchs|Valencia]] (1479–1516) *[[Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros]] (1436–1517), cardinal, statesman, and [[regent]] of Spain *[[Juana of Castile]], frequently called "the Mad", queen of Castile and León; daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand *'''[[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]]''' (1500–1558), [[Holy Roman Emperor]] (1530–1556 but did not formally abdicate until 1558), [[Duke of Burgundy|ruler of the Burgundian territories]] (1506–1555), [[King of Spain]] (1516–1556), [[King of Naples]] and [[King of Sicily|Sicily]] (1516–1554), [[Archduke of Austria]] (1519–1521), [[List of German monarchs|King of the Romans (or German King)]]; often referred to as "Carlos V", but he ruled officially as "Carlos I", hence "Charles I of Spain" *'''[[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]''' (1526–1598), King of Spain (1556–1598) *'''[[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]]''' (1683–1746), [[Spanish monarchy|King of Spain]] (1700–1746) *'''[[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]]''' (1716–1788), [[Spanish monarchy|King of Spain]] (1759–1788) *'''[[Ferdinand VII of Spain|Ferdinand VII]]''' (1784–1833), [[Spanish monarchy|King of Spain]] (1813–1833) * Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Ríos (1767-1851) Prince of Spain, 1st Duke of Alcudia, 1st Duke of Sueca, 1st Secretary of State, 1st Baron of Mascalbo. *[[Manuel de Aróstegui Sáenz de Olamendi]] (1758–1813), liberal Spanish politician<ref>{{cite web |title=Aróstegui Sáenz de Olamendi, Manuel - Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia |url=https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/artikuluak/artikulua.php?id=eu&ar=4421 |website=aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus |access-date=7 May 2024 |language=eu}}</ref> === Contemporary === [[File:Francisco Franco en 1964.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Francisco Franco]]]] *[[Leopoldo O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan|Leopoldo '''O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan''']] (1809–1867), general and Prime Minister (1856; 1858–1863; 1864–1866) *[[Juan Prim|Juan '''Prim''']] (1814–1870), general, liberal leader, revolutionary and statesman *[[Antonio Cánovas del Castillo|Antonio '''Cánovas del Castillo''']] (1828–1897), [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] *[[Fernando de los Ríos Urruti|Fernando '''de los Ríos Urruti''']] (1879–1949) was a Minister of Justice, Minister of State, and a Spanish Politician. *'''20th and 21st centuries''': **[[Manuel Azaña|Manuel '''Azaña''']] (1880–1940), Premier (twice) and President during the [[Second Spanish Republic]] **[[José María Aznar|José María '''Aznar''']] (born 1953), Prime Minister (1996–2004) **[[Josep Borrell|Josep '''Borrell''']] (born 1947), [[President of the European Parliament]] (2004–2007) **[[Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo|Leopoldo '''Calvo-Sotelo''']] (1926–2008), Prime Minister (1981–1982) **[[Santiago Carrillo|Santiago '''Carrillo''']] (1915–2012), the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1960 to 1982 **[[Buenaventura Durruti|Buenaventura '''Durruti''']] (1896–1936), [[Anarchism|anarchist]] leader **[[Francisco Franco|Francisco '''Franco''']] (1892–1975), Army general and president, ruled Spain for 36 years as "[[Caudillo]]" (1939–1975) **[[María Teresa Fernández de la Vega|María Teresa '''Fernández de la Vega''']] (born 1949), Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politician and the first female Vice President **[[Felipe González|Felipe '''González''']] (born 1942), Prime Minister (1982–1996) **[[Sara Giménez Giménez|Sara '''Giménez Giménez''']] (born 1977), president, Fundación Secretariado Gitano **[[Dolores Ibárruri|Dolores '''Ibárruri''']] (1895–1989), known as "La Pasionaria", leader of the Spanish Civil War and communist politician **[[Eugenio Montero Ríos|Eugenio Montero '''Ríos''']] (1832–1914) Spanish Prime Minister and President of the Senate of Spain. **'''[[Juan Carlos I of Spain|Juan Carlos I]]''' (born 1938), King of Spain (1975–2014) **[[Federica Montseny|Federica '''Montseny''']] (1905–1994), Minister of Health (1936–1937) and anarchist - first woman to be a minister in Spanish History **[[José Antonio Primo de Rivera|José Antonio '''Primo de Rivera''']] (1903–1936) **[[Mariano Rajoy|Mariano '''Rajoy''']] (born 1955), Prime Minister (2011–2018) **[[Rodrigo Rato|Rodrigo '''Rato''']] (born 1949), managing director of the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] since 2004 **[[Benjamín Rubio]] (1925–2007), trade unionist **[[Pedro Sánchez|Pedro '''Sánchez''']] (born 1972), Prime Minister (2018–present) **[[Ana Sigüenza|Ana '''Sigüenza''']] (born c. 1957), general secretary of the [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|CNT]] (2000–2003) and anarchist - first woman to be secretary general of a [[national trade union centre]] in Spain **[[Adolfo Suárez|Adolfo '''Suárez''']] (1932–2014), Prime Minister (1976–1981) **[[Javier Solana|Javier '''Solana''']] (born 1942), [[Secretary General of NATO]] (1995–1999) and High Representative (since 1999) of the [[Common Foreign and Security Policy|CFSP]] of the [[Council of the European Union]] ** **[[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero|José Luis Rodríguez '''Zapatero''']] (born 1960), [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] (2004–2011) **'''[[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI]]''' (born 1968), King of Spain since 2014 == Literature == {{See also|List of Spanish writers|List of Spanish women writers}} <!-- Please only add Spanish literary figures with significant achievements here, anyone else can go to the "List of Spanish writers" --> [[File:Cervantes Jáuregui.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Miguel de Cervantes]]]] [[File:Quevedo (copia de Velázquez).jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Francisco de Quevedo]]]] [[File:LopedeVega.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Félix Lope de Vega]]]] [[File:Photo of Benito Pérez Galdós.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Benito Pérez Galdós]]]] [[File:Federico García Lorca. Huerta de San Vicente, Granada.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Federico García Lorca]]]] *[[Rafael Alberti|Rafael '''Alberti''']] (1902–1999), poet, [[Cervantes Prize]] laureate (1983) *[[Vicente Aleixandre|Vicente '''Aleixandre''']] (1888–1984), poet, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (1977) *[[Concepción Arenal|Concepción '''Arenal''']] (1820–1893), writer and feminist *[[Matilde Asensi|Matilde '''Asensi''']] (1962), writer *[[Lola Badia|Lola '''Badia''']] (1951), philologist, medievalist *[[Elia Barceló|Elia '''Barceló''']] (1957), writer *[[Pío Baroja|Pío '''Baroja''']] (1872–1956), novelist of the [[Generation of '98]] *[[Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer|Gustavo Adolfo '''Bécquer''']] (1836–1870), [[Romanticism|romantic]] poet and tale writer *[[Wallada bint al-Mustakfi|Wallada '''bint al-Mustakfi''']] (994-1091), poet *[[Antonio Buero Vallejo|Antonio '''Buero Vallejo''']] (1916–2000), playwright of the [[Generation of '36]] *[[Carmen de Burgos|Carmen de '''Burgos''']] (1867–1932), writer and journalist *[[Fernán Caballero|Fernán '''Caballero''']] (1796–1877), writer and novelist *[[Pedro Calderón de la Barca|Pedro '''Calderón de la Barca''']] (1600–1681), playwright and poet of the [[Spanish Golden Age]] *[[Clara Campoamor|Clara '''Campoamor''']] (1888–1972), essayist and politician *[[Victoria Camps|Victoria '''Camps''']] (born 1941), essayist and philosopher *[[Inmaculada Casal|Inmaculada '''Casal''']] (born 1964), journalist and television presenter *[[Sofía Casanova|Sofía '''Casanova''']] (1861–1958), novelist, poet and journalist *[[Rosalía de Castro|Rosalía de '''Castro''']] (1837–1885), romanticist and poet *[[Camilo José Cela|Camilo José '''Cela''']] (1916–2002), novelist, Nobel Prize laureate (1989) *[[Miguel de Cervantes|Miguel de '''Cervantes''']] (1547–1616), novelist, poet and playwright, author of ''[[Don Quixote]]'' (1605 and 1615) *[[Rosa Chacel|Rosa '''Chacel''']] (1898–1994), writer, poet and essayist *[[Carmen Conde|Carmen '''Conde Abellán''']] (1907–1996), writer *[[Carolina Coronado|Carolina '''Coronado''']] (1820–1911), poet *[[Miguel Delibes|Miguel '''Delibes''']] (1920–2010), novelist, Cervantes Prize laureate (1993) *[[María Dueñas (writer)|María '''Dueñas''']] (born 1964), writer and professor *[[José Echegaray|José '''Echegaray''']] (1832–1916), dramatist, Nobel Prize laureate (1904) *[[Concha Espina|Concha '''Espina''']] (1869–1955), poet, writer and journalist *[[Cristina Fernández Cubas|Cristina '''Fernández Cubas''']] (born 1945), writer and journalist *[[Amanda Figueras |Amanda '''Figueras''']], journalist and writer *[[Gloria Fuertes|Gloria '''Fuertes''']] (1917–1998), poet and writer *[[Federico García Lorca|Federico '''García Lorca''']] (1898–1936), poet and dramatist of the [[Generation of '27]] *[[Alicia Giménez Bartlett|Alicia '''Giménez Bartlett''']] (born 1951), writer *[[Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda|Gertrudis '''Gómez de Avellaneda''']] (1814–1873), writer *[[Luis de Góngora|Luis de '''Góngora''']] (1561–1627), lyric poet considered to be among the most prominent Spanish poets of all time *[[Almudena Grandes|Almudena '''Grandes''']] (1960–2021), writer *[[Jorge Guillén|Jorge '''Guillén''']] (1893–1984), poet, Cervantes Prize laureate (1976), four-time Nobel Prize nominee *[[Juan Ramón Jiménez|Juan Ramón '''Jiménez''']] (1881–1958), poet, Nobel Prize laureate (1956) *'''[[John of the Cross]]''' (1542–1591), [[Mysticism|mystic]] poet *[[Carmen Laforet|Carmen '''Laforet''']] (1921–2004), writer *[[María Martínez Sierra|María de la O '''Lejárraga''']] (1874-1974), [[Feminism|feminist]] writer, [[dramatist]], translator and politician *[[María Teresa León|María Teresa '''León''']] (1903–1988), writer and novelist *[[Elvira Lindo|Elvira '''Lindo''']] (born 962), writer and journalist *[[Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos|Gaspar Melchor de '''Jovellanos''']] (1744–1811), main figure of the Spanish [[Age of Enlightenment]], philosopher, statesman, poet and essayist *[[Antonio Machado|Antonio '''Machado''']] (1875–1939), leading poet of the [[Generation of '98]] *[[Salvador de Madariaga|Salvador de '''Madariaga''']] (1886–1978), essayist and two-time Nobel Prize nominee *[[Jorge Manrique|Jorge '''Manrique''']] (1440–1479), major Castilian poet *[[Juan Marsé|Juan '''Marsé''']] (1933–2020), novelist and Cervantes prize laureate *[[Carmen Martín Gaite|Carmen '''Martín Gaite''']] (1925–2000), writer *[[Ana María Matute|Ana María '''Matute''']] (1925–2014), writer *[[Eduardo Mendoza Garriga|Eduardo '''Mendoza''']] (born 1943), novelist and Cervantes prize laureate *[[Sara Mesa|Sara '''Mesa''']] (born 1976), writer *[[María Moliner|María '''Moliner''']] (1900–1981), librarian and lexicographer *[[Rosa Montero|Rosa '''Montero''']] (born 1951), writer and journalist *[[Cristina Morales (writer)|Cristina '''Morales''']] (born 1985), writer *[[Juliana Morell|Juliana '''Morell''']] (1594–1653), poet and humanist *[[Julia Navarro|Julia '''Navarro''']] (born 1953), writer *[[Margarita Nelken|Margarita '''Nelken''']] (1898–1966), writer, essayist and feminist *[[Emilia Pardo Bazán|Emilia '''Pardo Bazán''']] (1851–1921), writer of prose and poetry who introduced naturalism and feminist ideas to Spanish literature *[[Ánxeles Penas|Ánxeles '''Penas''']] (born 1943), poet *[[Benito Pérez Galdós|Benito '''Pérez Galdós''']] (1843–1920), [[Literary realism|realist]] novelist considered by some to be second only to Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist *[[Arturo Pérez-Reverte|Arturo '''Pérez-Reverte''']] (born 1951), best-selling novelist and journalist, member of the [[Royal Spanish Academy]] *[[Marta Pessarrodona|Marta '''Pessarrodona''']] (born 1941), Spanish poet, literary critic, essayist, biographer *[[Francesc Pi i Margall|Francesc '''Pi i Margall''']] (1824–1901), romanticist writer who was briefly president of the short-lived [[First Spanish Republic]] *[[Berta Piñán|Berta '''Piñán''']] (born 1963), writer, poet, politician *[[Francisco de Quevedo|Francisco de '''Quevedo''']] (1580–1645), novelist, essayist and poet, master of [[Conceptism]] *[[Carme Riera|Carme '''Riera''']] (born 1948), novelist and essayist *[[Mercedes Salisachs|Mercedes '''Salisachs''']] (1916–2014), writer *[[Clara Sánchez (writer)|Clara '''Sánchez''']] (born 1955), writer *[[Marta Sanz|Marta '''Sanz''']] (born 1967), writer *[[Enrique Tierno Galván|Enrique '''Tierno Galván''']] (1918–1986), essayist and lawyer who served as [[Mayor of Madrid]] from 1979 to 1986 *[[Josefina de la Torre|Josefina '''de la Torre''']] (1907–2002), writer *[[Àxel Torres]] (born 1983), sports (football) journalist *[[Maruja Torres|Maruja '''Torres''']] (born 1943), journalist and writer *[[Esther Tusquets|Esther '''Tusquets''']] (1936–2012), writer *[[Miguel de Unamuno|Miguel de '''Unamuno''']] (1864–1936), Basque essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca *[[Ramón del Valle-Inclán|Ramón María del '''Valle-Inclán''']] (1866–1936), radical dramatist, novelist and member of the [[Generation of '98]] *[[Garcilaso de la Vega (poet)|Garcilaso de la '''Vega''']] (1501–1536), [[Renaissance literature|Renaissance]] poet who was influential in introducing Italian Renaissance verse forms, poetic techniques, and themes to Spain *[[Inca Garcilaso de la Vega|"''El Inca''" Garcilaso de la '''Vega''']] (1539–1616), first ''[[mestizo]]'' author in Spanish language, known for his chronicles of [[Inca]] history *[[Lope de Vega|Félix Lope de '''Vega''']] (1562–1635), one of the key literary figures of the [[Spanish Golden Age]] *[[María Zambrano|María '''Zambrano''']] (1904–1991), writer and philosopher *[[María de Zayas y Sotomayor|María de '''Zayas y Sotomayor''']] (1590–1660), female novelist of the [[Spanish Golden Age]], and one of the first Spanish feminist authors == Military == {{See also|Category:Spanish military personnel}} [[File:Estatua del Cid (Burgos).jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[El Cid]]]] [[File:El gran capitán (Museo del Prado).jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba]]]] [[File:Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, III Duque de Alba, por Willem Key.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba]]]] *[[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba|3rd Duke of '''Alba''']] (Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 1507–1582), general and governor of the [[Southern Netherlands|Spanish Netherlands]] (1567–1573) *[[Diego García de Paredes]] (1466–1534), soldier and duellist, he never commanded an army or rose to the position of a general, but he was a notable figure in the wars, when personal prowess had still a considerable share in deciding combat. *[[Diego de los Ríos|Diego de los '''Ríos''']] (1850–1911) Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines *[[John of Austria|Don '''Juan de Austria''']] (1547–1578), general and admiral; defeated [[Müezzinzade Ali Pasha]] in the [[Battle of Lepanto (1571)]] *[[Blas de Lezo]] (1687–1741), admiral; leading 6 warships and 3.700 men, defeated a British invasion force of 28.000 troops and 186 warships, during the [[Battle of Cartagena de Indias|Siege of Cartagena]] in 1741 *[[Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz|Álvaro de '''Bazán''', 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz]] (1526–1588), admiral *[[Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of Bailén|Francisco Javier '''Castaños''', 1st Duke of Bailén]] (1758–1852), general; he defeated [[Pierre-Antoine, comte Dupont de l'Étang|Dupont]] in the [[Battle of Bailén]] (1808) *''[[El Cid|El '''Cid''']]'' (Rodrigo 'Ruy' Díaz de Vivar, c. 1045–1099), [[knight]] and hero *[[Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba|Gonzalo '''Fernández de Córdoba''']], "El Gran Capitán" (1453–1515), general and [[Military strategy|strategist]] of [[Gunpowder warfare|Early modern warfare]] *[[Luis de Córdova y Córdova]] (1706– 1796), admiral. During the Anglo-Spanish War captured two merchant convoys totalling 79 ships. *[[Francisco Franco]] (1892–1975), general; from 1939 [[caudillo]] and formal Head of State of Spain *[[Manuel Freire de Andrade|Manuel Alberto '''Freire de Andrade y Armijo''']] (1767–1835), Spanish cavalry officer and general officer during the Peninsular War, and later Defense Minister *[[Bernardo de Gálvez|Bernardo de '''Gálvez''']] (1746–1786), [[Field Marshal]] and governor of [[Louisiana]], Spanish hero of the [[American Revolution]] *[[Juan Martín Díez|Juan '''Martín Díez''']], "El Empecinado" (1775–1825), head of [[Guerrilla warfare|guerrilla]] bands promoted to [[Brigadier-General]] of [[cavalry]] during the [[Peninsular War]] *[[Casto Méndez Núñez|Casto '''Méndez Núñez''']] (1830–1880), admiral *[[Pedro Navarro, Count of Oliveto|Pedro '''Navarro''', Count of Oliveto]] (c. 1460–1528), prominent general *[[Álvaro de Navia Osorio y Vigil, Marqués de Santa Cruz de Marcenado]], (1684–1732), general, author of the treatise ''Reflexiones Militares (Military Reflections)'' *[[Pablo Morillo]] y Morillo (1775–1837), Count of Cartagena and Marquess of La Puerta, a.k.a. El Pacificador (The Peace Maker) was a Spanish general who fought in the napoleonic wars and hispanoamerican war of independence. *[[Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma|Alexander Farnese, '''Duke of Parma''']] (1545–1592), Spanish general and military governor of the [[Spanish Netherlands]] *[[Francisco Pérez de Grandallana|Francisco '''Pérez de Grandallana''']] (1774–1841), brigadier of the Royal Spanish Navy *[[Ambrosio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases|Ambrosio '''Spinola''', marqués de los Balbases]] (1569–1630), general *[[Fernando Villaamil]] (1845–1898), naval officer, designer of the first [[destroyer]] == Models == [[File:Premios Goya 2020 - Jon Kortajarena (Cropped).jpg|thumb|130px|[[Jon Kortajarena]]]] {{See also|Category:Spanish models}} * [[Esther Cañadas|Esther '''Cañadas''']] (born 1977) * [[Verónica Homs|Verónica '''Homs''']] (born 1980) * [[Jon Kortajarena|Jon '''Kortajarena''']] (born 1985) * [[Sheila Marquez|Sheila '''Marquez''']] (born 1985) * [[Judit Mascó|Judit '''Mascó''']] (born 1969) * [[Blanca Padilla|Blanca '''Padilla''']] (born 1995) * [[Marina Pérez|Marina '''Pérez''']] (born 1984) * [[Inés Sastre|Inés '''Sastre''']] (born 1973) ==Musicians== === Classical === [[File:Isaac Albéniz, 1901.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Isaac Albéniz]]]] [[File:Pau Casals 06.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Pablo Casals]]]] *[[Isaac Albéniz|Isaac '''Albéniz''']] (1860–1909), composer *[[Salvador Bacarisse|Salvador '''Bacarisse''']] (1898–1963), composer *[[Pablo Casals|Pablo '''Casals''']] (1876–1973), cello player and conductor *[[Manuel de Falla|Manuel de '''Falla''']] (1876–1946), composer *[[Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos|Rafael '''Frühbeck de Burgos''']] (1933–2014), conductor *[[Enrique Granados|Enrique '''Granados''']] (1867–1916), composer *[[Enrique Jordá|Enrique '''Jordá''']] (1911–1996), conductor, music director of the [[San Francisco Symphony]] (1954–1963) *[[Francisco Lara|Francisco '''Lara''']] (born 1968), composer and conductor *[[Alicia de Larrocha|Alicia de '''Larrocha''']] (1923–2009), pianist *[[Vicente Martín y Soler|Vicente '''Martín y Soler''']] (1754–1806), composer *[[Sofía Noel]] (1915–2011), Belgian-born soprano and ethnomusicologist *[[Luis de Pablo|Luis de '''Pablo''']] (1930–2021), composer *[[Blas de Laserna]], composer *[[María Teresa Oller|María Teresa '''Oller''']] (1920–2018), composer and folklorist *[[Eugenia Osterberger]] (1852–1932), Galician pianist and composer *[[Joaquín Rodrigo|Joaquín '''Rodrigo''']] (1901–1999), composer and pianist, known for his ''[[Concierto de Aranjuez]]'' *[[Gaspar Sanz|Gaspar '''Sanz''']] (1640–1710), composer, dominate figure of Spanish [[baroque music]] *[[Jordi Savall|Jordi '''Savall''']] (born 1941), [[early music|early]] and baroque music conductor and [[viol]] player *[[Andrés Segovia|Andrés '''Segovia''']] (1893–1987), [[Classical guitar music|classical guitarist]] *[[Ángel Sola|Ángel '''Sola''']] (1859–1910), [[Bandurria|bandurrista]] *[[Antonio Soler (composer)|Antonio '''Soler''']] (1729–1783), composer, known for his [[harpsichord]] [[Sonata (music)|sonatas]] *[[Francisco Tárrega|Francisco '''Tárrega''']] (1852–1909), composer and classical guitarist *[[Joaquín Turina|Joaquín '''Turina''']] (1882–1949), composer *[[Tomás Luis de Victoria|Tomás Luis de '''Victoria''']] (1548–1611), most famous composer of the 16th century (late [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]]) in Spain *[[Paco de Lucía]] (1947–2014), flamenco guitarist and composer; regarded as one of the finest guitarists in the world and the greatest living guitarist of the flamenco genre ===Opera singers=== [[File:Plácido Domingo, 2008.jpg|250 px|thumb|[[Plácido Domingo]]]] [[File:Montserrat Caballé 1971b.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Montserrat Caballé]]]] *[[Victoria de los Ángeles|Victoria de los '''Ángeles''']] (1923–2005), [[soprano]] *[[Maite Arruabarrena|Maite '''Arruabarrena''']] (born 1964), mezzo-soprano *[[Teresa Berganza|Teresa '''Berganza''']] (1935–2022), [[mezzo-soprano]] *[[Montserrat Caballé|Montserrat '''Caballé''']] (1933–2018), soprano *[[Avelina Carrera|Avelina '''Carrera''']] (1871–1939), soprano from Barcelona *[[Nancy Fabiola Herrera|Nancy Fabiola '''Herrera''']] (born 19??), [[mezzo-soprano]] *[[José Carreras|José '''Carreras''']] (born 1946), one of [[The Three Tenors]] *[[Antonio Cortis]] (1891–1952), [[tenor]] *[[Plácido Domingo|Plácido '''Domingo''']] (born 1941), one of The Three Tenors *[[Manuel del Pópulo Vicente García|Manuel del Pópulo Vicente '''García''']] (1775–1832), tenor *[[Maria Gay|María '''Gay''']] (1879–1943), mezzo-soprano *[[Alfredo Kraus|Alfredo '''Kraus''']] (1927–1999), tenor *[[Hipólito Lázaro|Hipólito '''Lázaro''']] (1887–1974), tenor *[[Carlos Marín|Carlos '''Marín''']] (born 1968), baritone, member of operatic quartet [[Il Divo]] *[[María José Montiel|María José ''Montiel''']], mezzo-soprano *[[María Orán]] (1943–2018), soprano *[[Adelina Patti|Adelina '''Patti''']] (1843–1919), [[coloratura]] soprano *[[Conchita Supervía|Conchita '''Supervía''']] (1895–1936), mezzo-soprano *[[Francesc Viñas|Francisco '''Viñas''']] (1863–1933), tenor === Singers === [[File:Julio Iglesias09.jpg|130px|thumb|right|[[Julio Iglesias]]]] [[File:Enriqueig.jpg|180px|thumb|right|[[Enrique Iglesias]]]] *[[Edward Aguilera|Edward '''Aguilera''']] (born 1976), [[Menudo (group)|Menudo]] singer *[[Dolores Agujetas|Dolores '''Agujetas''']] (born 1960), flamenco singer *[[Alaska (singer)|Alaska]] (born 1963), pop-rock singer *[[Pablo Alboran|Pablo '''Alboran''']] (born 1989), singer *[[Eva Amaral|Eva '''Amaral''']] (born 1972), pop and folk rock singer *[[Ana Belén|Ana '''Belén''']] (born 1951), singer and actress *[[David Bisbal|David '''Bisbal''']] (born 1979), singer-songwriter *[[Miguel Bosé|Miguel '''Bosé''']] (born 1956), pop singer *[[Nino Bravo|Nino '''Bravo''']] (1944–1973), singer *[[Camarón de la Isla|'''Camarón''' de la Isla]] (1950–1992), [[flamenco]] singer, real name José Monje Cruz *[[Luz Casal|Luz '''Casal''']] (born 1958), pop singer *[[Estrellita Castro|Estrellita '''Castro''']] (1908–1983), singer and actress *[[Montse Cortés|Montse '''Cortés''']] (born 1972), flamenco singer *[[Rocío Dúrcal|Rocío '''Dúrcal''']] (1944–2006), singer *[[Manolo Escobar|Manolo '''Escobar''']] (1931–2013), singer *[[Manolo García|Manolo '''García''']] (born 1955), singer-songwriter *[[Enrique Iglesias|Enrique '''Iglesias''']] (born 1975), singer *[[Julio Iglesias|Julio '''Iglesias''']] (born 1943), pop singer *[[Antonio José|Antonio '''José''']] (born 1995), singer *[[Rocío Jurado|Rocío '''Jurado''']] (1946–2006), singer *[[Gloria Lasso]] (1922–2005), singer *[[Lola Flores|Lola '''Flores''']] (1923–1995), singer and flamenco dancer *[[Lolita Flores]] (born 1958), singer and actress *[[Dani Martín (singer)|Dani '''Martín''']] (born 1977), singer *[[Víctor Manuel|Víctor '''Manuel''']] (born 1947), singer *[[Shakira]] (born 1977), singer *[[Abraham Mateo|Abraham '''Mateo ''']] (born 1998), singer *[[Alba Molina]] (born 1978), Flamenco singer *[[Amaia Montero|Amaia '''Montero''']] (born 1976) pop singer *[[Lola Montes (singer)|Lola '''Montes''']], (1898-1983), Spanish singer *[[Sarita Montiel]] (1928–2013), singer and actress *[[Carlos Núñez Muñoz|Carlos '''Núñez''']] (born 1971), [[bagpipes]] and [[Music of Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias|Galician (Celtic) music]] performer *[[Aitana Ocaña Morales|Aitana''' Ocaña Morales''']] (born 1999), spanish singer-songwriter *[[Amaia Romero|Amaia '''Romero''']] (born 1999),spanish singer-songwriter *[[Paloma San Basilio|Paloma '''San Basilio''']], singer *[[Jordi Savall|Jordi '''Savall''']] (born 1941), film music composer *[[José Luis Perales|José Luis '''Perales''']] (born 1945), singer *[[Camilo Sesto|Camilo '''Sesto''']] (1946–2019), singer *[[Isabel Pantoja|Isabel '''Pantoja''']] (born 1956), singer *[[Niña Pastori|Niña '''Pastori''']], (born María Rosa García García in 1978), flamenco singer *[[José Luis Perales|José Luis '''Perales''']] (born 1945), singer *'''[[Raphael (singer)|Raphael]]''' (born 1943), pop singer *[[Rosalía]] (born 1992), singer-songwriter *[[Joaquín Sabina|Joaquín '''Sabina''']] (born 1949), singer-songwriter *[[Marta Sanchez|Marta '''Sanchez''']] (born 1966), singer-songwriter *[[Alejandro Sanz|Alejandro '''Sanz''']] (born 1968), pop singer *[[Joan Manuel Serrat|Joan Manuel '''Serrat''']] (born 1943), [[Catalonia|Catalan]] singer-songwriter *[[Chanel Terrero|Chanel'''' Terrero''']] (born 1991),singer *[[Ana Torroja|Ana '''Torroja''']] (born 1959), pop rock singer *[[Enrique Urquijo|Enrique '''Urquijo''']] (1960–1999), founder of the band Los Secretos with his brother Álvaro, lead voice and composer == Philosophers and humanists == [[File:Alfonso_X_el_Sabio_en_El_libro_de_los_juegos.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Alfonso X of Castile]]]] [[File:Ramon Llull.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Ramon Llull]]]] [[File:Fray Bartolomé de las Casas.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Bartolomé de Las Casas]]]] [[File:JoseOrtegayGasset.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[José Ortega y Gasset]]]] *''[[Alfonso X of Castile|'''Alfonso X''' of Castile]]'' (1221–1284), "El Sabio" ("The Wise") *[[Francisco de Enzinas|Francisco de '''Enzinas''']] (1518–1552), humanist and translator of the [[New Testament]] *[[Francisco Giner de los Ríos|Francisco Giner de los '''Ríos''']] (1839–1915), philosopher, educator and one of the most influential Spanish intellectuals at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. *[[Baltasar Gracián y Morales|Baltasar '''Gracián''']] (1601–1658), author of ''El Criticón'', influenced European philosophers such as [[Arthur Schopenhauer|Schopenhauer]] *[[Bartolomé de Las Casas|Bartolomé de '''Las Casas''']] (1484–1566), humanist, advocate of the rights of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] *[[Ramon Llull|Ramon '''Llull''']] (1232–1315), philosopher, theologian, poet, missionary, and Christian apologist from the Kingdom of Majorca. Inventor of a philosophical system known as the ''Art'' and a precursor of the computer, pioneer of computation theory. *[[Salvador de Madariaga|Salvador de '''Madariaga''']] (1886–1978), humanist, co-founder of the [[College of Europe]] (1949) *[[Gregorio Marañón|Gregorio '''Marañón''']] (1887–1960), humanist and medical scientist, important intellectual of the 20th century in Spain *[[Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo|Marcelino '''Menéndez Pelayo''']] (1856–1912), [[Philology|philologist]], historian and erudite *[[Julián Marías|Julián '''Marías''']] (1914–2005), philosopher; wrote the ''History of Philosophy'' *[[Ramón Menéndez Pidal|Ramón '''Menéndez Pidal''']] (1869–1968), philologist, historian and erudite member of [[Generation of '98]] *[[Antonio de Nebrija|Antonio de '''Nebrija''']] (1441–1522), scholar, published the first grammar of the Spanish language (''[[Gramática Castellana]]'', 1492), which was the first grammar produced of any [[Romance language]] *[[Rocío Orsi|Rocío '''Orsi''']] (1976–2014), philosopher, professor *[[José Ortega y Gasset|José '''Ortega y Gasset''']] (1883–1955), philosopher, social and political thinker, author of ''[[The Revolt of the Masses]]'' (1930) *[[Bernardino de Sahagún|Bernardino de '''Sahagún''']] (1499–1590), [[Franciscan]] missionary, researched [[Nahua peoples|Nahua]] culture and [[Nahuatl language]] and compiled an unparalleled work in Spanish and Náhuatl *[[George Santayana|George '''Santayana''']] (1863–1952), philosopher, taught at [[Harvard University|Harvard]], author of ''[[The Sense of Beauty]]'' (1896) and ''[[The Life of Reason]]'' (1905–1906) *[[Fernando Savater|Fernando '''Savater''']] (born 1947), philosopher and essayist, known for his writings on ethics *[[Francisco Suárez|Francisco '''Suárez''']] (1548–1617), one of the most influential [[Scholasticism|scholastics]] after [[Thomas Aquinas]] *[[Miguel de Unamuno|Miguel de '''Unamuno''']] (1864–1936), [[Existentialism|existentialist]] writer and [[Literary theory|literary theoretician]] *[[Juan Luís Vives|Juan Luis '''Vives''']] (1492–1540), prominent figure of [[Renaissance humanism]], taught at [[Old University of Leuven|Leuven]] and [[Corpus Christi College, Oxford|Oxford]] (while tutor to [[Mary I of England|Mary Tudor]]) *[[Xavier Zubiri|Xavier '''Zubiri''']] (1889–1983), philosopher, critic of classical [[metaphysics]] == Religion == [[File:Isidor von Sevilla.jpeg|thumb|right|130px|[[Isidore of Seville]]]] [[File:Ignatius Loyola by Francisco Zurbaran.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Ignatius of Loyola|St Ignatius of Loyola]]]] *[[Maria Pilar Bruguera Sábat|Maria Pilar '''Bruguera Sábat''']] (1906–1994), Roman Catholic nun and physician *[[Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros|Francisco Jiménez de '''Cisneros''']] (1436–1517), religious reformer, bishop, [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] and [[wikt:statesman|statesman]] *[[Saint Dominic|St Dominic of '''Guzmán''']] (1170–1221), founder of the [[Dominican Order|Order of Preachers]] *[[Isidore of Seville|St '''Isidore of Seville''']] (c. 560–636), bishop, humanist and [[doctor of the Church]] *[[Ignatius of Loyola|St Ignatius of '''Loyola''']] (1491–1556), founder of the [[Society of Jesus]] *[[John of Avila|St '''John of Avila''']] (1500–1569), priest, preacher, theologian and [[Mysticism|mystic]] *[[John of the Cross|St '''John of the Cross''']] (1542–1591), [[Mysticism|mystic]] and monastic reformer, [[doctor of the Church]] *[[Nunilo and Alodia|Saints '''Nunilo and Alodia''']] (died c. 842/51), child [[martyr]]s *[[Vicente Enrique y Tarancón|Vicente Enrique y '''Tarancón''']] (1907–1994), bishop, [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]] and president of the Spanish [[Episcopal Conference]] *[[Teresa of Avila|St '''Teresa of Avila''']] (1515–1582), [[Mysticism|mystic]] and monastic reformer, [[doctor of the Church]] *[[Tomás de Torquemada|Tomás de '''Torquemada''']] (1420–1498), [[Grand Inquisitor]] *[[Joaquina Vedruna de Mas|St Joaquina '''Vedruna''']] (1783–1854), founder of the Carmelite Sisters of the Charity *[[Vincent of Saragossa|St '''Vincent Martyr''']] (died c. 304), [[deacon]] [[martyr]] *[[Turibius of Mogrovejo|St. Toribio de '''Mogrovejo''']] (1538–1606), prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the Archbishop of Lima from 1579 until his death *[[Francis Xavier|St Francis '''Xavier''']] (1506–1552), [[Catholic missions|missionary]] and co-founder of the [[Society of Jesus]] *[[Peter of Saint Joseph Betancur|Peter of Saint Joseph '''Betancur''']] (1626–1667), [[Catholic missions|missionary]] in Guatemala *[[José de Anchieta|José de '''Anchieta''']] (1534–1597), [[Catholic missions|missionary]] in Brazil; founder of city [[São Paulo]] and co-founder of city [[Rio de Janeiro]] *[[Bernardo de Alderete]] (1565–1641), canon of the [[Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba|Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba]] *[[Ángela María de la Concepción]] (1649-1690), nun, mystical writer, and reformer; founder of Monasterio de las trinitarias de El Toboso and of the Trinitarias contemplativas == Science and technology ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Leonardo Torres y Quevedo]] --> {{See also|Category:Spanish scientists|Category:Spanish engineers|Category:Spanish inventors|List of Spanish architects}} [[File:Michael Servetus.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Michael Servetus]]]] [[File:Almirante Antonio de Ulloa.jpg|130px|thumb|[[Antonio de Ulloa]]]] [[File:Monturiol face.JPG|thumb|130px|[[Narcís Monturiol]]]] [[File:Cajal-Restored.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]]]] [[File:1921 Leonardo Torres Quevedo.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Leonardo Torres Quevedo]]]] [[File:Juan de la Cierva, aeródromo de Lasarte, 1930.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Juan de la Cierva]]]] [[File:Severo Ochoa 1958b.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Severo Ochoa]]]] [[File:Margarita Salas Falgueras 062019.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Margarita Salas]]]] *[[José de Acosta|José de '''Acosta''']] (1540–1600), one of the first [[natural history|naturalists]] and [[anthropology|anthropologists]] of the Americas *[[Alex Aguilar|Alex '''Aguilar''']] (born 1957), professor of Animal Biology at the University of Barcelona *[[Susana Agustí|Susana '''Agustí''']] (graduated 1982), biological oceanographer, educator *[[José María Algué|José María '''Algué''']] (1856–1930), meteorologist, inventor of the [[barocyclometer]], the [[nephoscope]], and the [[microseismograph]] *[[:es:Rafael Alvarado Ballester|Rafael '''Alvarado Ballester''']] (1924–2001) *[[Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont|Jerónimo de '''Ayanz y Beaumont''']] (1553–1613), registered design for steam-powered water pump for use in mines (1606) *[[Ignacio Barraquer|Ignacio '''Barraquer''']] (1884–1965), leading [[ophthalmologist]], pioneer of [[cataract surgery]] *[[Jose Barraquer|José Ignacio '''Barraquer''']] (1916–1998), leading ophthalmologist, father of modern [[refractive surgery]]; invented the [[microkeratome]] and the [[cryolathe]], developed the surgical procedures of [[keratomileusis]] and [[keratophakia]] *[[Agustín de Betancourt|Agustín de '''Betancourt''']] (1758–1824), engineer, worked in many rangs from steam engines and balloons to structural engineering and supervised the planning and construction of Saint Petersburg, Kronstadt, Nizhny Novgorod, and other Russian cities *[[Pino Caballero Gil|Pino '''Caballero Gil''']] (born 1968), computer scientist *[[Angel Cabrera (naturalist)|Ángel '''Cabrera''']] (1879–1960), naturalist, investigated South American fauna *[[Blas Cabrera|Blas '''Cabrera''']] (1878–1945), physicist, worked in the domain of experimental physics with focus in the magnetic properties of matter *[[Nicolás Cabrera (physicist)|Nicolás '''Cabrera''']] (1913–1989), physicist, did important work on the theories of [[crystal]] growth and the [[oxidisation]] of [[metals]] *[[Santiago Calatrava|Santiago '''Calatrava''']] (born 1951), architect, sculptor and structural engineer *[[Pedro Cavadas (surgeon)|Pedro Carlos '''Cavadas Rodríguez''']] (born 1965), pioneering surgeon *[[Juan de la Cierva|Juan de la '''Cierva''']] (1895–1936), aeronautical engineer, pioneer of [[rotary flight]], inventor of the [[autogyro]] *[[Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain|Juan Ignacio '''Cirac Sasturain''']] (born 1965), one of the pioneers of the field of quantum computing and quantum information theory *[[Josep Comas Solá|Josep '''Comas i Solà''']] (1868–1937), astronomer, discovered the periodic [[comet]] [[32P/Comas Solá]] and 11 [[asteroid]]s, and in 1907 observed limb darkening of [[Saturn]]'s moon [[Titan (moon)|Titan]] (the first evidence that the body had an atmosphere) *[[Jerónimo Cortés]] (c. 1560 - c. 1611), mathematician, astronomer, naturalist and Valencian compiler *[[Carmen Domínguez|Carmen '''Domínguez''']] (born 1969), glaciologist *[[Pedro Duque|Pedro '''Duque''']] (born 1963), astronaut and veteran of two space missions *[[Fausto Elhuyar|Fausto de '''Elhúyar''']] (1755–1833), chemist, joint discoverer of [[tungsten]] with his brother [[Juan José Elhuyar|Juan José de '''Elhúyar''']] in 1783 *[[Bernardo Hernández González|Bernardo '''Hernández''']] (born 1970), entrepreneur, leading figure in technology *[[Francisco Hernández de Toledo|Francisco '''Hernández''']] (1514–1587), botanicist, carried out important research about the Mexican flora *[[Jorge Juan y Santacilia|Jorge '''Juan y Santacilia''']] (1713–1773), mathematician and naval officer. Determined that the Earth is not perfectly spherical but is oblat. Also measured the heights of the Andes mountains using a barometer. *[[Carlos Jiménez Díaz|Carlos '''Jiménez Díaz''']] (1898–1967), doctor and researcher, leading figure in [[pathology]] *[[Asunción Linares|Asunción '''Linares''']] (1921–2005), paleontologist *[[Gregorio Marañón|Gregorio '''Marañón''']] (1887–1960), doctor and researcher, leading figure in endocrinology *[[Rafael Mas Hernández|Rafael '''Mas Hernández''']] (1950–2003), geographer *[[Narcís Monturiol|Narcís '''Monturiol''']] (1818–1885), physicist and inventor, pioneer of underwater navigation and first machine powered [[submarine]] *[[José Celestino Mutis|José Celestino Bruno '''Mutis''']] (1732–1808), botanicist, doctor, philosopher and mathematician, carried out relevant research about the American flora, founded one of the first astronomic observatories in America (1762) *[[Severo Ochoa|Severo '''Ochoa''']] (1905–1993), doctor and biochemist, achieved the synthesis of [[ribonucleic acid]] (RNA), [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel prize]] laureate (1959) *[[Mathieu Orfila|Mateu '''Orfila''']] (1787–1853), doctor and chemist, father of modern [[toxicology]], leading figure in forensic toxicology *[[Joan Oró|Joan '''Oró''']] (1923–2004), biochemist, carried out important research about the origin of life, he worked with [[NASA]] on the [[Viking biological experiments|Viking missions]] *[[Isaac Peral|Isaac '''Peral''']] (1851–1895), engineer and sailor, designer of the first fully operative military submarine *[[Santiago Ramón y Cajal|Santiago '''Ramón y Cajal''']] (1852–1934), father of [[Neuroscience]], [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel prize]] laureate (1906) *[[Julio Rey Pastor|Julio '''Rey Pastor''']] (1888–1962), mathematician, leading figure in geometry *[[Wifredo Ricart|Wifredo '''Ricart''']] (1897–1974), engineer, designer and executive manager in the automotive industry *[[Andrés Manuel del Río|Andrés Manuel del '''Río''']] (1764–1849), geologist and [[chemist]], discovered [[vanadium]] (as [[vanadinite]]) in 1801 *[[Pío del Río Hortega|Pío del '''Río Hortega''']] (1882–1945), [[neuroscientist]], discoverer of the [[microglia]] or ''Hortega cell'' *[[Josef de Mendoza y Ríos|Josef de Mendoza y '''Ríos''']] (1761–1816) was a Spanish astronomer and mathematician of the 18th century, famous for his work on navigation. *[[Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente|Félix '''Rodríguez de la Fuente''']] (1928–1980), naturalist, leading figure in ornithology, ethology, ecology and science divulgation *[[:es:Enrique Rojas|Enrique '''Rojas Montes''']] (born 1949) *[[Margarita Salas|Margarita '''Salas''']] (1938–2019), biochemist, molecular geneticist and researcher *[[Miguel Sarrias Domingo|Miguel '''Sarrias Domingo''']] (1930–2002) was medical director of the Institut Guttmann in Barcelona. *[[Michael Servetus|Miguel '''Servet''']] (1511–1553), scientist, surgeon and humanist; first European to describe [[pulmonary circulation]] *[[María Dolores Soria|María Dolores '''Soria''']] (1948–2004), paleontologist, researcher, professor, and biologist *[[Esteban Terradas i Illa|Esteban '''Terradas i Illa''']] (1883–1950), mathematician, physicist and engineer *[[Leonardo Torres Quevedo|Leonardo '''Torres Quevedo''']] (1852–1936), engineer and computer scientist, pioneer of automated calculation machines, inventor of [[El Ajedrecista]], pioneer of [[radio control]], designer of the three-lobed non-rigid [[Astra-Torres airship]] and the [[Whirlpool Aero Car|funicular]] over the [[Niagara Falls]] *[[Eduardo Torroja|Eduardo '''Torroja''']] (1899–1961), civil engineer, structural architect, world-famous specialist in concrete structures *[[Josep Trueta|Josep '''Trueta''']] (1897–1977), doctor, his new method for treatment of open wounds and fractures helped save many lives during World War II *[[Antonio de Ulloa|Antonio de '''Ulloa''']] (1716–1795), scientist, soldier and author; joint discoverer of element [[platinum]] with [[Jorge Juan y Santacilia]] (1713–1773) *''[[Arnold of Villanova|Arnold of '''Villanova''']]'' (c. 1235–1311), alchemist and physician, he discovered [[carbon monoxide]] and pure [[ethanol|alcohol]] == Social scientists == [[File:Francisco de Vitoria.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Francisco de Vitoria]]]] *[[Gurutzi Arregi|Gurutzi '''Arregi''']] (1936–2020), Basque ethnographer *[[Martín de Azpilcueta|Martín de '''Azpilicueta''']] (1492–1586), economist, member of the [[School of Salamanca]], precursor of the quantitative theory of money *[[Mercedes Bengoechea|Mercedes '''Bengoechea''']] (born 1952), feminist sociolinguist, professor *[[Agustín Blánquez Fraile| Agustín '''Blánquez''' Fraile]] (1883–1965], historian and latinist *[[Manuel Castells|Manuel '''Castells''']] (born 1942), sociologist, author of trilogy ''The Information Age'' *[[María Ángeles Durán]] (born 1942), sociologist and economist *'''[[:es:Manuel Fernández López (sindicalista)|Manuel Fernández López]]''' (1947–2014) *[[Salvador Giner|Salvador '''Giner''']] (1934–2019), sociologist, he had researched on social theory, sociology of culture and modern industrial society *[[Jesus Huerta de Soto|Jesús '''Huerta de Soto''']] (born 1956), major [[Austrian School]] economist *[[Juan J. Linz|Juan José '''Linz''']] (1926–2013), [[Sterling Professor]] of Political and Social Science at [[Yale]]; [[Prince of Asturias Award]] (1987) and [[Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science|Johan Skytte Prize]] (1996) laureate *[[Pilar Acosta Martínez|Pilar Acosta '''Martínez''']] (1938{{ndash}}2006), prehistorian and archeologist *[[Patricia Mayayo|Patricia '''Mayayo''']] (born 1967), art historian *[[Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz y Menduiña|Claudio '''Sánchez-Albornoz''']] (1893–1984), historian, prominent specialist in [[Spain in the Middle Ages|medieval Spanish history]] *[[Juan Uría Ríu|Juan '''Uría Ríu''']] (1891–1979), historian *[[Joseph de la Vega|Joseph de la '''Vega''']] (1650–1692), businessman, wrote ''Confusion of Confusions'' (1688), first book on [[stock market]]s *[[Francisco de Vitoria|Francisco de '''Vitoria''']] (c. 1480/86–1546), member of the [[School of Salamanca]], precursor of [[international law]] theory == Sports == {{See also|Category:Spanish sportspeople|List of Spanish sportspeople}} === Athletics === *[[Fermín Cacho Ruiz|Fermín '''Cacho Ruiz''']] (born 1969), [[1500 metres]] gold ([[Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics|1992 Olympics]]) and silver ([[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics|1996 Olympics]]) medalist *[[Francisco Javier Gómez Noya]] (born 1983), triathlon silver ([[2012 Summer Olympics|London 2012]]) medalist; four times [[ITU World Triathlon Series|ITU Triathlon world champion]] === Basketball === [[File:PauCaptura.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Pau Gasol]]]] *[[Antonio Díaz-Miguel|Antonio '''Díaz-Miguel''']] (1933–2000), coach, enshrined in the [[Basketball Hall of Fame]] in 1997 *[[Pau Gasol|Pau '''Gasol''']] (born 1980), [[FC Barcelona Bàsquet|FC Barcelona]] and [[Los Angeles Lakers]] player, 2001–02 [[NBA Rookie of the Year Award]] winner; [[2006 FIBA World Championship|2006 FIBA W.C.]] [[Most Valuable Player|MVP]] *[[Marc Gasol|Marc '''Gasol''']] (born 1985), player for [[Memphis Grizzlies]] (2008–2019) and [[Toronto Raptors]] (2019–present) *[[Fernando Martín Espina|Fernando '''Martín''']] (1962–1989), [[CB Estudiantes|Estudiantes]], [[Real Madrid Baloncesto|Real Madrid]] and [[Portland Trail Blazers]] player * [[Jan Martín]] (born 1984), German-Israeli-Spanish basketball player *[[Juan Carlos Navarro (basketball)|Juan Carlos '''Navarro''']] (born 1980), [[FC Barcelona Bàsquet|FC Barcelona]] and [[Memphis Grizzlies]] player === Boxing === *[[Pedro Carrasco|Pedro '''Carrasco''']] (1943–2001), 1967 European Lightweight Champion; 1971 [[World Boxing Council|WBC]]'s World [[Lightweight]] Champion *[[Javier Castillejo|Javier '''Castillejo''']] (born 1968), two-time [[World Boxing Council|WBC]] World Jr. Middleweight Champion and one-time [[World Boxing Association|WBA]] [[Middleweight]] champion === MMA === *[[Ilia Topuria]] (Born Jan 21, 1997) - [[UFC]] Former featherweight world champion. === Cycling === [[File:Carlos Sastre Tour 2010 prologue training.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Carlos Sastre]]]] *[[Federico Bahamontes|Federico Martín '''Bahamontes''']] (1928–2023), [[1959 Tour de France]] winner *[[Juan José Cobo|Juan José '''Cobo''']] (born 1981), [[2011 Vuelta a España]] winner *[[Alberto Contador|Alberto '''Contador''']] (born 1982), three-time [[Tour de France]] (2007,2009,2010), [[2008 Giro d'Italia]], [[2008 Vuelta a España]] winner *[[Pedro Delgado|Pedro '''Delgado''']] (born 1960), [[1988 Tour de France]] winner *[[Óscar Freire|Óscar '''Freire''']] (born 1976), three-time [[UCI World Championships|World Cycling Champion]] (1999, 2001, 2004) *[[José Manuel Fuente|José Manuel '''Fuente''']] (1945–1996), twice [[Vuelta a España]] winner (1972, 1974), second in [[Giro d'Italia]] (1972), third in [[Tour de France]] (1973) *[[Roberto Heras|Roberto '''Heras''']] (born 1974), three-time [[Vuelta a España]] winner (2000, 2003, 2004) *[[Miguel Indurain|Miguel '''Indurain''']] (born 1964), gold medalist ([[Cycling at the 1996 Summer Olympics|1996 Olympics]]), 1995 [[UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial|World Time-Trial Champion]], World Hour recordman (1994), five consecutive times [[Tour de France]] winner (1991–1995), twice [[Giro d'Italia]] winner (1992, 1993) *[[Joan Llaneras|Joan '''Llaneras''']] (born 1969), gold medalist ([[Cycling at the 2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Olympics]]), silver medalist ([[Cycling at the 2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Olympics]]), seven-time [[UCI Track World Championships, Men|World Points race or Madison Track Cycling Champion]] (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2006, 2007) *[[Luis Ocaña|Luis '''Ocaña''']] (1945–1994), [[1973 Tour de France]] winner *[[Abraham Olano|Abraham '''Olano''']] (born 1970), 1995 World Cycling Champion and 1998 [[UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial|World Time-Trial Champion]] *[[Óscar Pereiro|Óscar '''Pereiro''']] (born 1977), [[2006 Tour de France]] winner *[[Samuel Sánchez|'''Samu'''el Sánchez]] (born 1978), [[Cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's road race|Beijing 2008 Olympic Road Race Gold Medal]] *[[Carlos Sastre|Carlos '''Sastre''']] (born 1975), [[2008 Tour de France]] winner *[[Joane Somarriba|Joane '''Somarriba''']] (born 1972), three-time [[Grande Boucle]] winner (2000, 2001, 2003) *[[Guillermo Timoner|Guillermo '''Timoner''']] (1926–2023), six-time [[UCI Track World Championships, Men|World Motor paced Track Cycling Champion]] (1955, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1965) === Football (soccer) === [[File:Fernando Torres Spain.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Torres celebrating victory with Spain at Euro 2008]] *[[Iker Casillas|Iker '''Casillas''']] (born 1981), goalkeeper and [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]]; captain of Spain's team that won UEFA Euro 2008, the 2010 FIFA World Cup and Euro 2012 *[[Francisco Gento|Francisco '''Gento''']] (1933–2022), Real Madrid player; winner of six [[UEFA Champions League]] *[[Raúl (footballer)|'''Raúl''' González]] (born 1977), first player to reach 50 goals in UEFA Champions League *[[Xavi (footballer, born 1980)|'''Xavi''' Hernández]] (born 1980), midfielder and [[FC Barcelona]] player; [[UEFA Euro 2008]] MVP *[[Andrés Iniesta|Andrés '''Iniesta''']] (born 1984), midfielder and [[FC Barcelona]] player; scored the winning goal at the 2010 FIFA World Cup Final; [[UEFA Euro 2012]] MVP *[[Alexia Putellas|Alexia '''Putellas''']] (born 1994), [[FC Barcelona Femení]] midfielder and two-time [[Ballon d'Or Féminin]] winner *[[Fernando Torres|Fernando '''Torres''']] (born 1984), striker and [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] player; scored the winning goal at the Euro 2008 Final; winner of Golden Boot at Euro 2012 *[[David Villa|David '''Villa''']] (born 1981), striker and [[FC Barcelona]] player; Spain's all-time top goalscorer *[[Andoni Zubizarreta|Andoni '''Zubizarreta''']] (born 1961), Spanish international *Gerard Pique (born 1979), plays for the club FC Barcelona, and is a defender === Golf === *[[Seve Ballesteros|Seve '''Ballesteros''']] (1957–2011), winner of five [[Men's major golf championships|major championships]] *[[Sergio García|Sergio '''García''']] (born 1980), winner of a major championship *[[Miguel Ángel Jiménez|Miguel Ángel '''Jiménez''']] (born 1964), winner of 13 European Tour titles winner *[[José María Olazábal|José María '''Olazábal''']] (born 1966), winner of two major championships *[[Jon Rahm Rodríguez|Jon '''Rahm Rodríguez''']] (born 1994), the first Spanish golfer to win the US Open (June 20, 2021) and winner of 12 other tournaments === Motor sports === [[File:Alonso_2016.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Fernando Alonso]]]] *[[Fernando Alonso|Fernando '''Alonso''']] (born 1981), 2005 and 2006 [[Formula One]] [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|World Champion]] *[[Jaime Alguersuari|Jaime '''Alguersuari''']] (born 1990), 2008 British Formula Three champion *[[Álvaro Bautista|Álvaro '''Bautista''']] (born 1984), motorcycle racing raider, 125cc champion of the World in 2006 *[[Carlos Checa|Carlos '''Checa''']] (born 1972), [[Grand Prix motorcycle racing|GP motorcycle racing]] rider and [[List of Superbike World champions|Superbike World Champion]] in 2011 *[[Marc Coma|Marc '''Coma''']] (born 1976), won the [[Dakar Rally]] in 2006 *[[Àlex Crivillé|Àlex '''Crivillé''']] (born 1970), 500cc GP motorcycle racing [[List of Grand Prix motorcycle racing World Champions|World Champion]] in 1999 *[[Marc Gené|Marc '''Gené''']] (born 1974), [[Formula One]] driver *[[Jorge Lorenzo|Jorge '''Lorenzo''']] (born 1987), 2006 and 2007 [[Grand Prix motorcycle racing|GP motorcycle racing]] 250cc World Champion, 2010, 2012, and 2015 MotoGP World Champion *[[Marc Márquez|Marc '''Márquez''']] (born 1993), [[Grand Prix motorcycle racing|Grand Prix]] motorcycle [[road racing|road racer]], and is the 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017 Moto GP World Champion *[[Jorge Martínez (motorcyclist)|Jorge '''Martínez Aspar''']] (born 1962), GP motorcycle racing rider, four-time World Champion *[[Pedro de la Rosa|Pedro '''Martínez de la Rosa''']] (born 1971), Formula One driver *[[Ángel Nieto|Ángel '''Nieto''']] (1947–2017), GP motorcycle racing rider, 12+1 times World Champion *[[Daniel Pedrosa|Daniel '''Pedrosa''']] (born 1985), youngest GP motorcycle racing World Champion of 125cc and 250cc *[[Carlos Sainz Sr.|Carlos '''Sainz''']] (born 1962), 1990 and 1992 [[World Rally Championship|World Rally Champion]] and 2010 Dakar Rally winner *[[Carlos Sainz, Jr.|Carlos '''Sainz''', Jr.]] (born 1994), Formula One driver === Rugby union === *[[Oriol Ripol|Oriol '''Ripol''']], professional rugby union player for [[Worcester Warriors]]; considered the greatest Spaniard to ever play the game *[[Cédric Garcia|Cédric '''Garcia''']], professional rugby player for [[Aviron Bayonnais]] === Tennis === [[File:Rafael Nadal 10, Aegon Championships, London, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|right|130px|[[Rafael Nadal]]]] *[[Galo Blanco|Galo '''Blanco''']] (born 1976), professional tennis player *[[Sergi Bruguera|Sergi '''Bruguera''']] (born 1971), [[1993 French Open|1993]] and [[1994 French Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Àlex Corretja|Àlex '''Corretja''']] (born 1974), [[1998 ATP Tour World Championships|1998 ATP Tour World Champion]] *[[Albert Costa|Albert '''Costa''']] (born 1975), [[2002 French Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Juan Carlos Ferrero|Juan Carlos '''Ferrero''']] (born 1980), [[2003 French Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Andrés Gimeno|Andrés '''Gimeno''']] (1937–2019), [[1972 French Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Conchita Martínez|Conchita '''Martínez''']] (born 1972), [[1994 Wimbledon Championships|1994 Wimbledon]] Women's Singles Champion *[[Carlos Moyá|Carlos '''Moyá''']] (born 1976), [[1998 French Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Garbiñe Muguruza|Garbiñe '''Muguruza''']] (born 1993), [[2016 French Open – Women's Singles|2016 French Open]] and [[2017 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2017 Wimbledon]] Women's Singles Champion *[[Rafael Nadal|Rafael '''Nadal''']] (born 1986), former World Number 1, [[2005 French Open]], [[2006 French Open]], [[2007 French Open]], [[2008 French Open]], [[2010 French Open]], [[2011 French Open]], [[2012 French Open]] [[2013 French Open]], [[2014 French Open]], [[2017 French Open]], [[2008 Wimbledon]], [[2010 Wimbledon]], [[2009 Australian Open]], [[2010 US Open (tennis)|2010 US Open]], [[2013 US Open (tennis)|2013 US Open]], [[2017 US Open (tennis)|2017 US Open]] Men's Singles Champion, [[Tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|2008 Olympics]] and [[Tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's Doubles|2016 Olympics]] gold medallist *[[Manuel Orantes|Manuel '''Orantes''']] (born 1949), 1975 [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Open]] Men's Singles Champion *[[Virginia Ruano Pascual|Virginia '''Ruano Pascual''']] (born 1973), eight [[Grand Slam title|Grand Slam]] Doubles titles winner *[[Arantxa Sánchez Vicario|Arantxa '''Sánchez Vicario''']] (born 1971), ten Grand Slam titles winner (four singles, six doubles) *[[Emilio Sánchez|Emilio '''Sánchez Vicario''']] (born 1965), three Grand Slam Doubles titles winner *[[Javier Sánchez (tennis)|Javier '''Sánchez Vicario''']], professional tennis player, brother of Aranxta *[[Manuel Santana|Manuel '''Santana''']] (1938–2021), 5 Grand Slam titles winner (four singles, one doubles) *[[Fernando Verdasco|Fernando '''Verdasco''' Carmona]] (born 1983), professional tennis player *Carlos Alcaraz Garfia == Others == [[File:Ferran Adrià en la presentación de 'Un proyecte per compartir'.jpg|thumb|130px|[[Ferran Adrià]]]] [[File:Federica_Montseny_(1936-1939).jpg|thumb|130px|[[Federica Montseny]]]] *[[Georgina Rodríguez]] (born 1994), influencer *Graciano Canteli, diplomat *[[Charo]] (birth year debated), actress, singer, and flamenco guitarist, known for her TV appearances in the 1970s & 1980s *[[Carlos D. Cidon|Carlos Dominguez Cidon]] (1959–2009), chef *[[Pilar Civeira]], professor of medicine in Pamplona *[[Charo Sádaba]], professor of advertising in Pamplona *[[María Josefa Cerrato Rodríguez]] (1897–1981), first woman veterinarian *[[José Andrés|José '''Andrés''']] (born 1969), chef *[[Ferran Adrià|Ferran '''Adrià''']] (born 1962), chef *[[Joaquín Cortés|Joaquín '''Cortés''']] (born 1969), dancer *[[Lola Greco]] (born 1964), dancer and choreographer *[[Rosario Hernández Diéguez|Rosario '''Hernández Diéguez''']] (1916–1936), newspaper hawker and trade unionist *[[Juan March Ordinas|Juan '''March Ordinas''']] (1880–1962), politician and businessman *[[Francisco Mesa]], electrical engineer *[[Ana Morales]] (born 1982), flamenco dancer and choreographer *[[Amancio Ortega Gaona]] (born 1936), entrepreneur *[[Pepita de Oliva]] (1830–1871), dancer *[[Ana María Pérez del Campo]] (born 1936), lawyer, feminist *[[Juan Pujol (alias Garbo)|Juan '''Pujol''']], alias ''Garbo'' (1912–1988), double agent who played a key role in the success of [[Normandy Landings|D-Day]] towards the end of World War II *[[Tamara Rojo|Tamara '''Rojo''']] (born 1974), ''[[prima ballerina]]'' of the London's [[Royal Ballet, London|Royal Ballet]] (since 2000); [[Prince of Asturias Award]] of Arts laureate (2005) *[[Aurora Rodríguez Carballeira]] (1879–1955), woman who murdered her teenage daughter, conceived as a eugenics experiment *[[Diego Salcedo (soldier)|Diego '''Salcedo''']] (1575–1644), first Spaniard killed by [[Puerto Rico|Puerto Rican]] [[Taíno people|Taíno]]s *[[Elbira Zipitria]] (1906–1982), Spanish-Basque educator, promoter of the Basque language == See also == *[[List of people by nationality]] *[[List of Andalusians]] *[[List of Aragonese]] *[[List of Balearics]] *[[List of Basques]] *[[List of Catalans]] *[[List of Galician people]] *[[List of Iberian Jews#Spain|List of Spanish Jews]] *[[List of Valencians]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090420113414/http://www.famousspanishpeople.org/ Famous Spanish people] *[https://gogoespana.com/en/blog/top-15-most-famous-spanish-people/ Top 15 most famous Spanish people] {{DEFAULTSORT:Spaniards}} [[Category:Lists of Spanish people| ]]
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