Editing List of Roman place names in Britain

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
[[File:Britain roman.png|thumb|right|450px|Roman Britain. Map from 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica]]

A partial '''list of Roman place names in Great Britain'''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=A L F Rivet, Colin Smith |title=The Place-names of Roman Britain |publisher=B.T. Batsford Limited |year=1979 |isbn=978-0713420777}}</ref>

This list includes only names documented from Roman times. For a more complete list including later [[Latin]] names, see [[List of Latin place names in Britain]].

The early sources for Roman names show numerous variants and misspellings of the [[Latin]] names. Moreover, [[Ptolemy]], one of the principal authorities, wrote in [[Greek language|Greek]], so names that he records need to be [[transliteration|transliterated]] back into Latin to reveal the original form.

<small>Note that in general only one source is shown below for each name, although many of the names are recorded in more than one of the sources.</small>

==Lists==

===Geographic regions===
{| class="wikitable" 
!Roman name||Modern region||[[#Primary sources|Appearance]]
|-
|[[Britannia]]||[[Great Britain]]||T
|-
|[[Hibernia]]||[[Ireland]]||T
|-
|[[Caledonia]]||[[Scotland]]||T
|}

=== Settlement names ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Roman name|| Modern name||[[#Primary sources|Appearances]]
|-
|[[Aballava]]
|[[Burgh by Sands]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|Ad Ansam
|Unknown ([[Higham, West Suffolk|Higham]], [[Suffolk]]?)
|AI
|-
|Ad Pontem
|[[East Stoke, Nottinghamshire|East Stoke]], [[Nottinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Staines-upon-Thames|Ad Pontes]] or Pontibus ||[[Staines-upon-Thames]], [[Middlesex]]||AI
|-
|[[Aesica]]
|Great Chesters, [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|Alaunodunum||[[Maidenhead]], [[Berkshire]]||other<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Itinerary of John Leland the Antiquary |publisher=Mr. Thomas Hearne M. A. |year=1768}}</ref>
|-:]
|Alione or [[Alavana]]
|Watercrook or Low Borrowbridge, Cumbria?
|ND, AI
|-
|[[Alauna (Maryport)|Alauna]]
|[[Maryport]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND
|-
|Alaune
|[[Alcester]], [[Warwickshire]]
|RC, T
|-
|Amboglanna or Banna
|[[Birdoswald]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND
|-
|[[Anderitum]]
|[[Pevensey]], [[East Sussex]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Aquae Arnemetiae]]||[[Buxton]], [[Derbyshire]]||RC
|-
|[[Aquae Sulis]]||[[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], [[Somerset]]||AI, P
|-
|[[Arbeia]]
|[[South Shields]], [[Tyne and Wear|Tyne & Wear]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Ardotalia]]||[[Gamesley]], [[Glossop]], [[Derbyshire]]||RC
|-
|Argistillum
|Unknown ([[Tewkesbury]], [[Gloucestershire]]?)
|RC
|-
|[[Ariconium]]
|[[Weston under Penyard]], [[Herefordshire]]
|AI
|-
|Bannavem Taburniae||unknown||SP
|-
|[[Bannaventa]]||[[Norton, Northamptonshire|Norton]], near [[Daventry]], [[Northamptonshire]]||AI
|-
|Belgic oppidum || [[Braintree, Essex|Braintree]], [[Essex]] ||other<ref>{{Cite book |last=Finch Smith |first=Roger |title=Roadside Settlements of Lowland Roman Britain |publisher=British Archaeological Reports British Series |year=1987 |isbn=0-86054-411-7 |pages=161}}</ref>
|-
|[[Blatobulgium]]
|[[Birrens]], [[Dumfriesshire|Dumfrieshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Blestium]]
|[[Monmouth]]
|AI
|-
|Bomium
|[[Cowbridge]], [[South Glamorgan]]?
|AI
|-
|[[Bovio (Roman Britain)|Bovio]]
|[[Tilston]], [[Cheshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Branodunum]]
|[[Brancaster]], [[Norfolk]]
|ND, T
|-
|Bravonium
|[[Leintwardine]], Herefordshire
|AI
|-
|[[Bremenium]]
|[[High Rochester]], [[Northumberland]]
|AI
|-
|[[Bremetennacum|Bremetennacum Veteranorum]]
|[[Ribchester]], [[Lancashire]]
|AI, ND, RC, T
|-
|Brige
|[[Ashley, New Forest|Ashley]] or [[Stockbridge, Hampshire|Stockbrigde]], [[Hampshire]]?
|AI
|-
|[[Brocavum]]
|[[Brougham, Cumbria|Brougham]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI
|-
|[[Brocolitia]] or Procolitia
|[[Carrawburgh]], [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Brovonacis|Brovonacae]] or Bravoniacum
|[[Kirkby Thore]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI, T
|-
|[[Burrium]]
|[[Usk]], [[Monmouthshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Chelmsford|Caesaromagus]]||[[Chelmsford]], [[Essex]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Calcaria]]||[[Tadcaster]], [[North Yorkshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Calleva Atrebatum]]||[[Silchester]], [[Hampshire]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Camboduno]]
|unknown ([[Huddersfield]]?)
|AI
|-
|[[Camboglanna]]
|Castlesteads, [[Northumberland]]
|RC, T
|-
|Camborico
|[[Lackford]] or [[Hockwold cum Wilton|Hockwold]], [[Norfolk]]
|AI
|-
|[[Camulodunum]]||[[Colchester, England|Colchester]], [[Essex]] ||AI, P, RC
|-
|Canonium
|[[Kelvedon]], [[Essex]]
|AI
|-
|[[Cramond Roman Fort|Caromago]]||[[Cramond]], [[Edinburgh]]||RC
|-
|[[Castra Exploratorum]]
|[[Netherby, Cumberland|Netherby]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI
|-
|[[Cataractonium]]
|[[Catterick, North Yorkshire|Catterick]], [[North Yorkshire]]
|AI, P, RC
|-
|Causennis
|Unknown ([[Sapperton, Lincolnshire|Sapperton]], [[Lincolnshire]]?)
|AI
|-
|[[Cilurnum]]
|Walwick Chesters, [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Clausentum]]||[[Bitterne]], [[Hampshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Coccium]]
|[[Wigan]], [[Lancashire]]
|AI
|-
|Colonia
|[[Colchester]], [[Essex]]
|AI, RC
|-
|Conbretovium
|[[Coddenham]], [[Suffolk]]
|AI
|-
|[[Concangis]]||[[Chester-le-Street]], [[County Durham]]||ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Coggabata|Congavata]] or Coggabata
|[[Drumburgh]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Condercum]]
|[[Benwell]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Northwich|Condate]]||[[Northwich]], [[Cheshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Canovium|Conovium]]
|[[Caerhun]], [[Clwyd]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Corinium Dobunnorum]]||[[Cirencester]], [[Gloucestershire]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Coria (Corbridge)|Coria]] or Corstopitum||[[Corbridge]], [[Northumberland]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|Crocolana
|[[Brough, Nottinghamshire|Brough]], [[Nottinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|Cunetione
|[[Mildenhall, Wiltshire|Mildenhall]], [[Wiltshire]]
|AI
|-
|Curia||[[Traprain Law]], [[East Lothian]]||P
|-
|[[Doncaster#Roman|Danum]]||[[Doncaster]], [[South Yorkshire]]||AI, ND, T
|-
|Delgovicia or Devovicia
|[[Malton, North Yorkshire|Malton]], [[North Yorkshire]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Deva Victrix]]||[[Chester, England|Chester]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|Derventione
|[[Papcastle]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|Derventio Brigantum
|[[Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire|Stamford Bridge]] or [[Malton, North Yorkshire|Malton]], [[Yorkshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Derventio Coritanorum]]
|[[Little Chester]], [[Derby]]
|RC, T
|-
|Dictim
|near [[Sunderland]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Dubris]]||[[Dover]], [[Kent]]||AI, ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Durnovaria]]||[[Dorchester, Dorset|Dorchester]], [[Dorset]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Durobrivis|Durobrovis]]
|[[Rochester, Kent|Rochester]], [[Kent]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Durobrivae (Water Newton)|Durobrivae]]
|[[Water Newton]], [[Cambridgeshire]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Durocobrivis]]||[[Dunstable, England|Dunstable]], [[Bedfordshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Durocornovium]]||[[Swindon]], [[Wiltshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Durolevum]]
|Unknown ([[Ospringe]] or [[Sittingbourne]]?)
|AI
|-
|[[Duroliponte|Durolipons]]||[[Cambridge]]||AI, RC
|-
|Durolitum||Little London, [[Essex]]||AI
|-
|[[Durovernum Cantiacorum]]||[[Canterbury]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Durovigutum]] || [[Godmanchester]] ||RC
|-
|[[Eboracum]]||[[York]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Inveresk Roman Fort|Evidensca]]||[[East Lothian]]||RC
|-
|Gabrosentum
|Unknown (Moresby, Cumbria or Gateshead?)
|ND, T
|-
|Galacum
|Burrow-in-Lonsdale?
|AI
|-
|[[Galava]]
|[[Ambleside]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI
|-
|[[Garrianonum]]||[[Burgh Castle]], [[Norfolk]] or [[Caister-on-Sea|Caister-on-Sea, Norfolk]]||ND, T
|-
|[[Glannoventa]] or Cantiventi
|[[Ravenglass]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI, ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Glevum|Glevum Colonia]]||[[Gloucester, England|Gloucester]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Gobannium]]
|[[Abergavenny]], [[Monmouthshire]]
|AI, RC
|-
|Hortonium||[[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]], [[West Yorkshire]]||other<ref>{{Cite book |title=A Gazetteer of the World |publisher=A. Fullarton & Co |year=1856}}</ref>
|-
|[[Isca Dumnoniorum]]||[[Exeter, England|Exeter]], [[Devon]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Isca Augusta]]||[[Caerleon]], [[Gwent (county)|Gwent]]||AI
|-
|Isannavantia
|[[Norton, Northamptonshire|Norton]], [[Northamptonshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Isurium Brigantum|Isurium]] or Isubrigantum
|[[Aldborough, North Yorkshire|Aldborough]], [[North Yorkshire]]
|AI, P
|-
|[[Lactodorum]]||[[Towcester]], [[Northamptonshire]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Lagentium]] or Legeolio||[[Castleford]], [[West Yorkshire]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Lavatris]]
|[[Bowes Castle]], [[County Durham]]
|AI, ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Leodis]] or Loidis||[[Leeds]] ||other<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bede |title=Historia Ecclesiastica |year=731}}</ref>
|-
|[[Leucarum]]
|[[Loughor]], [[Swansea]]
|AI
|-
|[[Letocetum]] or Etoceto||[[Wall, Staffordshire|Wall]], [[Staffordshire]]||AI
|-
|[[Lindinis]]||[[Ilchester]], [[Somerset]]||P, RC
|-
|[[Lindum Colonia]]||[[Lincoln, England|Lincoln]]||AI, P
|-
|[[Londinium]]||[[London]]||AI, P
|-
|[[Longovicium]]
|[[Lanchester, County Durham|Lanchester]], [[County Durham]]
|ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Luentinum]]||[[Pumsaint]]/[[Dolaucothi]]||P
|-
|[[Luguvalium]]||[[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]], [[Cumbria]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Lutudarum]]
|[[Wirksworth]] or [[Carsington]], [[Derbyshire]]
|RC
|-
|[[Magiovinto]]
|[[Fenny Stratford]], [[Buckinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|Magis
|near [[Workington]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Magnis (Kenchester)|Magnis]]
|[[Kenchester]], [[Herefordshire]]
|AI, ND, RC, T
|-
|Maglona
|[[Wigton]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|Magnus Portus
|[[Bosham]], [[Sussex]]
|P
|-
|[[Manduessedum|Manduesedum]]
|[[Mancetter]], [[Warwickshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Mamucium]] or Mantio
|[[Manchester]]
|AI, RC
|-
|Maromago||[[Midlothian]]||RC
|-
|[[Margidunum]]
|[[Bingham, Nottinghamshire|Bingham]], [[Nottinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Mediolanum (Whitchurch)|Mediolanum]]||[[Whitchurch, Shropshire|Whitchurch]], [[Shropshire]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|Morbium
|[[Piercebridge Roman Fort|Piercebridge]], [[County Durham]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Moridunum (Axminster)|Moridunum]]
|[[Axminster]], [[Devon]]
|AI
|-
|[[Moridunum (Carmarthen)|Moridunum]]||[[Carmarthen]]||P
|-
|[[Navio Roman Fort|Navio]] or Anovius||[[Brough-on-Noe]], [[Hope Valley, Derbyshire|Hope Valley]], [[Derbyshire]]||RC
|-
|[[Nidum]]
|[[Neath]], [[West Glamorgan]]
|AI
|-
|[[Noviomagus Reginorum]]||[[Chichester]], [[Sussex]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Noviomagus Cantiacorum]]|| [[West Wickham]], formerly supposed to be [[Crayford]], both in the historic county of [[Kent]]<ref>The discovery of the lost Roman town of Noviomagus, at West Wickham, Kent. Brian Philp, Gerald Clewley, Debbie Cooper. Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit, Special Subject Series 26. 2021. ISBN 0947831371</ref> ||AI
|-
|Olenacum
|unknown ([[Elslack]], [[North Yorkshire]]?)
|ND, T
|-
|[[Olicana]]||[[Ilkley]], [[West Yorkshire]]||P
|-
|Onnum or [[Hunnum]]
|[[Halton, Northumberland|Halton]], [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Othona]]||[[Bradwell-on-Sea]], [[Essex]]||ND, T
|-
|[[Pennocrucium]]
|Water Eaton, [[Staffordshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Petriana]]
|[[Stanwix]] in [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Petuaria]]
|[[Brough, East Riding of Yorkshire|Brough]], [[Yorkshire]]
|P, RC
|-
|[[Pons Aelius]]||[[Newcastle upon Tyne]]||ND, T
|-
|[[Portus Abonae]]
|[[Sea Mills, Bristol|Sea Mills]], [[Bristol]]
|AI
|-
|[[Portus Adurni]]
|[[Portchester]], [[Hampshire]]
|ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Portus Felix]]||[[Filey]], [[North Yorkshire]]||other<ref name=":0">{{citation |last=Walker |first=John |title=Archaeologia: or miscellaneous tracts relating to antiquity |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFpEAAAAcAAJ |volume=25 |pages=127–145 |year=1834 |chapter=VIII. Observations to prove Filey Bay, in Yorkshire, the Portus Felix or Sinus Salutaris; and Flamborough Head, the Ocellum Promontorium, of the Romans |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFpEAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA127 |publisher=Society of Antiquaries of London}}</ref>
|-
|[[Portus Lemanis]]||[[Lympne]], [[Kent]]||AI, ND, T
|-
|Praesidium
|unknown ([[Newton Kyme]], [[North Yorkshire]]?)
|ND, T
|-
|[[Praetorium]]||unknown (Bridlington?)||AI
|-
|[[Ratae Corieltauvorum]]||[[Leicester]]||AI, P
|-
|[[Regulbium]]||[[Reculver]], [[Kent]]||ND, T
|-
|[[Rutunium]]
|Harcourt Park, [[Shropshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Rutupiae]]||[[Richborough]], [[Kent]]||AI, ND, P, T
|-
|[[Roman Middlewich|Salinae]]||[[Middlewich]], [[Cheshire]]||RC
|-
|[[Segedunum]]
|[[Wallsend]], [[Tyne and Wear]]
|ND, T
|-
|Segelocum or Agelocum
|[[Littleborough, Nottinghamshire|Littleborough]], [[Nottinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Segontium Roman Fort|Segontium]]||[[Caernarfon]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Sitomagus]], Sitomagum, Sitomago, or Senomagus
|Unknown, possibly [[Ixworth]], [[Suffolk]]
|AI
|-
|[[Sorviodunum|Sorbiodonum]]
|[[Salisbury]], [[Wiltshire]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Spinae]]
|[[Speen, Berkshire|Speen]], [[Berkshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Sulloniacae]]||unknown ([[Brockley Hill]]?)||AI
|-
|Trajectus
|[[Keynsham]], [[Somerset]]
|AI
|-
|[[Trimontium (Newstead)|Trimontium]]||[[Newstead, Scottish Borders|Newstead]], [[Scottish Borders]]||P
|-
|[[Tripontium]]
|[[Churchover]], [[Warwickshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Uxacona]]
|[[Redhill, Sheriffhales|Redhill]], [[Shropshire]]
|AI
|-
|Uxelodunum or Axelodunum
|[[Bowness-on-Solway]], [[Cumbria]]
|ND, RC, T
|-
|[[Vagniacae]]||[[Springhead, Kent|Springhead]], [[Kent]]||AI
|-
|Varae
|[[St Asaph]], [[Denbighshire]]?
|AI
|-
|Vectis||[[Isle of Wight]]||P
|-
|[[Venonae]]
|[[High Cross, Leicestershire|High Cross]], [[Leicestershire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Venta Belgarum]]||[[Winchester, Hampshire|Winchester]], [[Hampshire]]||AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Venta Icenorum]] or Icinos 
|[[Caistor St Edmund]], [[Norfolk]]
|AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Venta Silurum]]||[[Caerwent]], [[Monmouthshire]]||AI, RC
|-
|Vercovicium or Borcovicium
|[[Housesteads Roman Fort|Housesteads]], [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|Verlucione
|[[Sandy Lane, Wiltshire|Sandy Lane]], [[Wiltshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Verterae]] or Verteris
|[[Brough, Cumbria|Brough]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI, ND, T
|-
|Vertis
|Unknown ([[Worcester, England|Worcester]]?)
|RC
|-
|[[Verulamium]]||[[St Albans]], [[Hertfordshire]]||AI, P, RC, T
|-
|Verometum or Vernometum
|[[Willoughby on the Wolds]], [[Nottinghamshire]]
|AI
|-
|[[Vindobala]]
|Rudchester, [[Northumberland]]
|ND, T
|-
|Vindocladia
|[[Shapwick, Dorset|Shapwick]], [[Dorset]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Vindolanda]]
|[[Chesterholme]], [[Northumberland]]
|RC, T
|-
|[[Vindomis]]
|[[Neatham]], [[Hampshire]]
|AI, RC
|-
|[[Vindomora]]
|[[Ebchester]], [[County Durham]]
|AI
|-
|[[Vinovia]]||[[Binchester]], [[County Durham]]|| AI, P, RC
|-
|[[Viroconium Cornoviorum]]||[[Wroxeter]], [[Shropshire]]||AI, RC
|-
|[[Virosidum]]
|[[Bainbridge, North Yorkshire]]
|ND, T
|-
|[[Voreda]]
|[[Penrith, Cumbria|Penrith]], [[Cumbria]]
|AI, RC
|}

== See also ==

* [[List of Latin place names in Britain]]
* [[List of Latin place names in Continental Europe and Ireland]]
* [[Latin names of cities]]
* [[Latin names of regions]]
* [[Latin names of European countries]]
* [[History of the British Isles|History of Britain]]
* [[History of Ireland]]
* [[Roman sites in the United Kingdom]]
*[[United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names]]

==Primary sources==
#AI: The [[Antonine Itinerary]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Antonine Itinerary |url=http://roadsofromanbritain.org/antonine.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=The Roads of Roman Britain}}</ref>
#P: [[Ptolemy]]'s ''[[Ptolemy's Geography|Geography]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thayer |first=Bill |date=1991 |title=Ptolemy's Geography - Book II, Chapter 2 |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/2*.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=LacusCurtius}}</ref>
#RC: The [[Ravenna Cosmography]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Britannia in the Ravenna Cosmography |url=http://www.kmatthews.org.uk/Ravenna_Cosmography/index.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.kmatthews.org.uk}}</ref>
#T: [[Tacitus]]'s ''[[Agricola (book)|On the Life and Character of Julius Agricola]]''.
#SP: Confession of [[St. Patrick]]
#ND: ''[[Notitia Dignitatum]]''

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [[Johann Georg Theodor Grässe|Dr. J. G. Th. Grässe]], ''[[Orbis Latinus|Orbis Latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit]]'', [http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orbis-latinus online at the Bavarian State Library]
*Grässe, ''Orbis Latinus'', [http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html online at Columbia University]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061006222944/http://www.ipa.net/~magreyn/#Record Interpreter List of Roman Place names in Great Britain and Ireland]

{{Major towns of Roman Britain}}

[[Category:Alternative names of European places|Roman Britain]]
[[Category:British toponymy|Roman place names]]
[[Category:Lists of Latin place names|Britain]]
[[Category:Lists of cities in Europe|Britain, Roman]]
[[Category:Lists of place names|Britain]]
[[Category:Lists of places in the United Kingdom|Roman]]
[[Category:Roman Britain-related lists|Place names]]
[[Category:Roman towns and cities in England| ]]
[[Category:Lists of cities by toponymy|Britain]]
[[Category:Geography of Great Britain]]

[[pt:Topónimos romanos no Reino Unido]]