Editing List of Portuguese monarchs

{{short description|Historical monarchies of Portugal}}
{{redirect|Queen of Portugal|Queen consort of Portugal|List of Portuguese royal consorts}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox former monarchy
|border            = Royal
|royal_title       = King
|realm             = [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]] and the [[Kingdom of the Algarve|Algarves]] <br> <small>(1139–1910)</small>
|coatofarms        = Coats of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves (1834 to 1910) - Lesser.png
|coatofarmssize    = 120px
|coatofarmscaption = '''[[Coat of arms of Portugal|Royal Coat of Arms of Portugal]]'''
|image             = SMF Manoel II.jpg
|image2 = File:Duarte Pio di Braganza (3.1).jpg
|caption           = '''[[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]''', last King of Portugal
|caption2 = Dom [[Duarte Pio|Duarte Pio, Duke of Bragança]], claimant of the dormant throne
|first_monarch     = [[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]]
|last_monarch      = [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]
|style             = ''[[Style of the Portuguese sovereign|Most Faithful Majesty]]''
|began             = 25 July 1139
|ended             = 5 October 1910
|residence         = ''[[Royal residences in Portugal]]''
|pretender         = [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]]
}}

This is a list of '''Portuguese monarchs''' who ruled from the establishment of the [[Kingdom of Portugal]], in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the [[Portugal|Portuguese Republic]] with the [[5 October 1910 revolution]].

Through the nearly 800 years in which Portugal was a monarchy, the kings held various other [[Style of the Portuguese sovereign|titles and pretensions]]. Two kings of Portugal, [[Ferdinand I of Portugal|Ferdinand I]] and [[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]], claimed the [[crown of Castile]] and waged wars in order to enforce their respective claims. Ferdinand I managed to be recognized as [[Kingdom of Galicia|King of Galiza]] in 1369, although his dominance of the region was short-lived. When the [[House of Habsburg]] came into power, the [[kings of Spain]], [[kings of Naples|Naples]], and [[kings of Sicily|Sicily]] also became kings of Portugal. The [[House of Braganza]] brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown some honorary, such as the attribution of the title of ''[[Rex Fidelissimus]] (His Most Faithful Majesty),'' and royal titles, such as [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves|King of Brazil]] and then ''de jure'' [[List of monarchs of Brazil|Emperor of Brazil]].

After the demise of the Portuguese monarchy, in 1910, Portuguese monarchists launched a counter-revolution known as the [[Monarchy of the North]], though the attempted restoration only lasted a month before destruction. With Manuel II's death, the [[Miguelist]] branch of the house of Braganza became the pretenders to the throne of Portugal. They have all been acclaimed king of Portugal by their monarchist groups.

The monarchs of Portugal all came from a single ancestor, [[Afonso I of Portugal]], but direct lines have sometimes ended. This has led to a variety of royal houses coming to rule Portugal, though all having Portuguese royal lineage. These houses are:

* '''[[Portuguese House of Burgundy|House of Burgundy]]''' (1139–1383)
* '''[[House of Aviz]]''' (1385–1580)
* '''[[Philippine dynasty|House of Habsburg]]''' (1581–1640)
* '''[[House of Braganza]]''' (1640–1910)

==House of Burgundy (1139–1383)==
The '''[[Portuguese House of Burgundy]]''', known as the '''Afonsine Dynasty''', was the founding house of the Kingdom of Portugal. Prior to the independence of Portugal, the house ruled the feudal [[County of Portugal]], of the [[Kingdom of Galicia]]. When Afonso Henriques declared the independence of Portugal, he turned the family from a comital house to a royal house which would rule Portugal for over two centuries. During the [[Reconquista]], the Afonsine Dynasty expanded the country southwards until the definitive [[Portuguese conquest of the Algarve|conquest of Algarve]] with [[Sancho II of Portugal|Sancho II]] and the establishment of the [[Kingdom of the Algarve|Kingdom of Algarve]], in [[1249]], under [[Afonso III of Portugal|Afonso III]]. When Ferdinand I died, a [[1383–1385 Crisis|succession crisis]] occurred between 1383 and 1385. Ferdinand's daughter [[Beatrice of Portugal]] was proclaimed queen and her husband [[John I of Castile]] proclaimed king by [[Jure uxoris|the right of his wife]]. Her legitimacy as a monarch is disputed.<ref>David Williamson, «Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe»,1988,Webb & Bower, Exeter, {{ISBN|0-86350-194-X}}; César Olivera Serrano, [http://www.google.pt/search?hl=pt-PT&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Apt-PT%3Aofficial&channel=s&q=%22Segunda+Maqueta+Beatriz+Portugal.pmd%22&btnG=Pesquisar&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai= «Beatriz de Portugal»]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=A51pAAAAMAAJ&q=beatriz+regente+1383 García de Cortázar, Fernando (1999), ''Breve historia de España'', Alianza Editorial, page 712]; Armindo de Sousa, in História de Portugal coordinated by José Mattoso, Editorial Estampa, vol. II, {{ISBN|972-33-0919-X}}, pages 494/95</ref>

{{Succession table monarch
| name1       = '''[[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]]'''
| nickname1   = The Conqueror; The Great; The Founder; The Father of the Nation
| native1     = Afonso Henriques
| life1       = 1106/09/11 – 6 December 1185 (aged 73–79)
| reignstart1 = 25 July 1139 
| reignend1   = 6 December 1185
| notes1      = previously [[County of Portugal|Count of Portugal]], founder of the Kingdom of Portugal <br /> Son of [[Henry, Count of Portugal]] and [[Teresa of León, Countess of Portugal|Teresa, Countess of Portugal]]
| family1     = [[Portuguese House of Burgundy|Burgundy]]<br />[[File:Shield of_the_County_of_Portugal_(1095-1139).png|40px]]
| image1      = AfonsoI-P.jpg

| name2       = '''[[Sancho I of Portugal|Sancho I]]'''
| nickname2   = The Populator
| native2     = 
| life2       = 11 November 1154 – 26 March 1211 (aged 56)
| reignstart2 = 6 December 1185 
| reignend2   = 26 March 1211
| notes2      = Son of Afonso I
| family2     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1139).svg|40px]]
| image2      = SanchoI-P.jpg

| name3       = '''[[Afonso II of Portugal|Afonso II]]'''
| nickname3   = The Fat; The Leprous; The Lawgiver
| native3     = 
| life3       = 23 April 1185 – 25 March 1223 (aged 37)
| reignstart3 = 27 March 1211
| reignend3   = 25 March 1223
| notes3      = Son of Sancho I
| family3     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1139).svg|40px]]
| image3      = AfonsoII-P.jpg

| name4       = '''[[Sancho II of Portugal|Sancho II]]'''
| nickname4   = The Caped; The Hooded (''capuchado''); The Cowled; The Pious
| native4     = 
| life4       = 8 September 1209 – 4 January 1248 (aged 38)
| reignstart4 = 26 March 1223 
| reignend4   = 4 December 1247
| notes4      = Son of Afonso II
| family4     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1139).svg|40px]]
| image4      = SanchoII-P.jpg

| name5       = '''[[Afonso III of Portugal|Afonso III]]'''
| nickname5   = The Boulonnais
| native5     = 
| life5       = 5 May 1210 – 16 February 1279 (aged 68)
| reignstart5 = 4 January 1248 
| reignend5   = 16 February 1279 
| notes5      = Son of Afonso II <br /> Brother of Sancho II
| family5     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image5      = Portugal-afonso3.jpg

| name6       = '''[[Denis of Portugal|Denis I]]'''
| nickname6   = The Farmer; The Farmer-King; The Husbandman; The Poet; The Poet-King; The Troubadour; The Just; The Liberal
| native6     = {{langx|pt|Dinis I}}
| life6       = 9 October 1261 – 7 January 1325 (aged 63)
| reignstart6 = 6 February 1279 
| reignend6   = 7 January 1325 
| notes6      = Son of Afonso III
| family6     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image6      = Dinis-P.jpg

| name7       = '''[[Afonso IV of Portugal|Afonso IV]]'''
| nickname7   = The Brave; The Bold
| native7     =
| life7       = 8 February 1291 – 28 May 1357 (aged 66)
| reignstart7 = 7 January 1325 
| reignend7   = 28 May 1357 
| notes7      = Son of Denis I
| family7     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image7      = AfonsoIV-P.jpg

| name8       = '''[[Peter I of Portugal|Peter I]]'''
| nickname8   = The Cruel; The Just; The Enemy-Son; The Stutterer; The Till-the-End-of-the-World-Passionate; The Vengeful; The Revengeful
| native8     = {{langx|pt|Pedro I}}
| life8       = 8 April 1320 – 18 January 1367 (aged 46)
| reignstart8 = 28 May 1357 
| reignend8   = 18 January 1367 
| notes8      = Son of Afonso IV
| family8     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image8      = PeterIofPortugal.jpg

| name9       = '''[[Ferdinand I of Portugal|Ferdinand I]]'''
| nickname9   = The Handsome; The Fair; The Debonair; The Inconstant; The Fickle; The Inconscient 
| native9     = {{langx|pt|Fernando I}}
| life9       = 31 October 1345 – 22 October 1383 (aged 37)
| reignstart9 = 18 January 1367 
| reignend9   = 22 October 1383 
| notes9      = Son of Peter I
| family9     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image9      = Portrait of King Fernando I, Belem Collection.JPG
| name10       = '''[[Beatrice of Portugal|Beatrice]]'''
| nickname10   =
| native10    = {{langx|pt|Beatriz}}
| life10      = 7–13 February 1373 – {{circa|1420}} (aged 46–47)
| reignstart10 = (''Disputed'') 1383
| reignend10   = (''Disputed'') 1385
| notes10      = Daughter of Ferdinand I
| family10     = Burgundy<br />[[File:Brasão_de_armas_do_reino_de_Portugal_(1247).svg|40px]]
| image10      = Detalle del Sepulcro de Beatriz de Portugal.jpg
}}

==House of Aviz (1385–1580)==
The '''[[House of Aviz]]''', known as the '''Joanine Dynasty''', succeeded the [[Portuguese House of Burgundy|House of Burgundy]] as the reigning house of the Kingdom of Portugal. The house was founded by John I of Portugal, who was the Grand Master of the [[Order of Aviz]]. When King John II of Portugal died without an heir, the throne of Portugal passed to his cousin, [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel, Duke of Beja]]. When King [[Sebastian of Portugal]] died, the throne passed to his Grand-uncle, [[Henry, King of Portugal|Henry of Portugal]] (he might be called Henry II because [[Henry, Count of Portugal]], father of [[Alphonso I of Portugal]], was the first of that name to rule Portugal).  When Henry died, a [[War of the Portuguese Succession|succession crisis]] occurred and [[António, Prior of Crato]], was proclaimed António of Portugal.

{{Succession table monarch
| name1       = '''[[John I of Portugal|John I]]'''
| nickname1   = Of Good Memory; The One with Good Memory; Of Fond Memory; The [[Master of Avis]]; The Good; The Great; The Bastard
| native1     = {{langx|pt|João I}}
| life1       = 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433 (aged 76)
| reignstart1 = 6 April 1385
| reignend1   = 14 August 1433
| notes1      = Illegitimate son of Peter I
| family1     = [[House of Aviz|Aviz]]<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1385).svg|40px]]
| image1      = Anoniem - Koning Johan I van Portugal (1450-1500) - Lissabon Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga 19-10-2010 16-12-61.jpg

| name2       = '''[[Edward, King of Portugal|Edward]]'''
| nickname2   = The Eloquent; The Philosopher; The Philosopher-King
| native2     = {{langx|pt|Duarte I}}
| life2       = 31 October 1391 – 9 September 1438 (aged 46)
| reignstart2 = 14 August 1433 
| reignend2   = 9 September 1438
| notes2      = Son of John I
| family2     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1385).svg|40px]]
| image2      = Duarte of Portugal detail.jpg

| name3       = '''[[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]]'''
| nickname3   = The African; The Crusader
| native3     = 
| life3       = 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 (aged 49)
| reignstart3 = 13 September 1438 <br />—<br />15 November 1477 
| reignend3   = 11 November 1477 <br />—<br /> 28 August 1481
| notes3      = Son of Edward I
| family3     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1385).svg|40px]]
| image3      = AfonsoV-P.jpg

| name4       = '''[[John II of Portugal|John II]]'''
| nickname4   = The Perfect Prince; The Man (O Homem)
| native4     = {{langx|pt|João II}}
| life4       = 3 March 1455 – 25 October 1495 (aged 40)
| reignstart4 = 11 November 1477 <br />—<br /> 28 August 1481 
| reignend4   = 15 November 1477 <br />—<br /> 25 October 1495
| notes4      = Son of Afonso V
| family4     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image4      = D._João_II_half-length_–_Museu_de_Marinha.jpg

| name5       = '''[[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]]'''
| nickname5   = The Fortunate; The Grocer King/The Spices King (O Rei das Especiarias)
| native5     = 
| life5       = 31 May 1469 – 13 December 1521 (aged 52)
| reignstart5 = 25 October 1495
| reignend5   = 13 December 1521
| notes5      = Cousin of John II<br />Grandson of Edward I
| family5     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image5      = D. Manuel I half-length – Museu de Marinha.jpg

| name6       = '''[[John III of Portugal|John III]]'''
| nickname6   = The Pious; The Colonizer
| native6     = {{langx|pt|João III}}
| life6       = 7 June 1502 – 11 June 1557 (aged 55)
| reignstart6 = 13 December 1521
| reignend6   = 11 June 1557
| notes6      = Son of Manuel I
| family6     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image6      = D. João III - Cristóvão Lopes (attrib).png

| name7       = '''[[Sebastian of Portugal|Sebastian I]]'''
| nickname7   = The Desired; The Sleeping Hero; The Sleeping King; The Hidden; The Crusader; The Virgin King
| native7     = {{langx|pt|Sebastião I}}
| life7       = 20 January 1554 – 4 August 1578 (aged 24)
| reignstart7 = 11 June 1557
| reignend7   = 4 August 1578
| notes7      = Grandson of John III
| family7     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image7      = Attributed to Cristóvão de Morais (active 1551-73) - Sebastián, King of Portugal (1554-78) - RCIN 402723 - Royal Collection.jpg

| name8       = '''[[Henry, King of Portugal|Henry I]]'''
| nickname8   = The Chaste; The Cardinal; The Cardinal-King
| native8     = {{langx|pt|Henrique I}}
| life8       = 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580 (aged 68)
| reignstart8 = 4 August 1578
| reignend8   = 31 January 1580
| notes8      = Son of Manuel I <br /> Brother of John III <br /> Great-uncle of Sebastian
| family8     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image8      = Ritratto di Enrico I del Portogallo (1587) - Cristofano dell'Altissimo (Galleria degli Uffizi).png

| name9       = '''[[António, Prior of Crato|Anthony I]]'''
| nickname9   = The [[Prior of Crato]]; The Determined; The Fighter; The Resistant; The Independentist
| native9     = {{langx|pt|António I}}
| life9       = 1531 – 28 August 1595 (aged 64)
| reignstart9 = (''Disputed'') 24 July 1580
| reignend9   = (''Disputed'') 1583
| notes9      = Grandson of Manuel I <br /> Nephew of Henry I
| family9     = Aviz<br />[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1485).svg|40px]]
| image9      = Anthony I of Portugal.jpg
}}

==House of Habsburg (1581–1640)==
The '''[[House of Habsburg]]''', known as the '''[[Philippine dynasty]]''', was the house that ruled Portugal from 1581 to 1640. The dynasty began with the acclamation of Philip II of Spain as Philip I of Portugal in 1580, officially recognized in 1581 by the [[Portuguese Cortes]] of [[Tomar]]. Philip I swore to rule Portugal as a kingdom separate from his Spanish domains, under the personal union known as the [[Iberian Union]].

{{Succession table monarch
| name5       = '''[[Philip II of Spain|Philip I]]'''
| nickname5   = The Prudent
| native5     = {{langx|pt|Filipe I}}
| life5       = 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598 (aged 71)
| reignstart5 = 17 April 1581
| reignend5   = 13 September 1598
| notes5      = Grandson of Manuel I <br /> Nephew of Henry I
| family5     = [[Philippine dynasty|Habsburg]]<br />[[File:Royal Arms of Spain (1580-1668).svg|40px]]
| image5      = Portrait of Philip II of Spain (by Workshop of Titian) - Museo del Prado, Madrid.jpg
| alt5        = King Philip I

| name6       = '''[[Philip III of Spain|Philip II]]'''
| nickname6   = The Pious
| native6     = {{langx|pt|Filipe II}}
| life6       = 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 (aged 42)
| reignstart6 = 13 September 1598
| reignend6   = 31 March 1621
| notes6      = Son of Philip I
| family6     = Habsburg<br />[[File:Royal Arms of Spain (1580-1668).svg|40px]]
| image6      = Felipe III de España.jpg
| alt6        = King Philip II

| name7       = '''[[Philip IV of Spain|Philip III]]'''
| nickname7   = The Great; The Tyrant; The Oppressor
| native7     = {{langx|pt|Filipe III}}
| life7       = 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665 (aged 60)
| reignstart7 = 31 March 1621
| reignend7   = 1 December 1640
| notes7      = Son of Philip II
| family7     = Habsburg<br />[[File:Royal Arms of Spain (1580-1668).svg|40px]]
| image7      = Philip IV of Spain - Velázquez 1644.jpg
| alt7        = King Philip II
}}

==House of Braganza (1640–1910)==
The '''[[House of Braganza]]''', also known as the '''Brigantine Dynasty''', came to power in 1640, when [[John IV of Portugal|John II, Duke of Braganza]], claimed to be the rightful heir of the defunct House of Aviz, as he was the great-great-grandson of King Manuel I. John was proclaimed King John IV, and he deposed the House of Habsburg in 1640 during the [[Portuguese Restoration War]]. The Habsburgs continued to claim the throne of Portugal until the end of the war in the [[Treaty of Lisbon (1668)]].

The descendants of Queen [[Maria II of Portugal|Maria II]] and her consort, King [[Ferdinand II of Portugal|Ferdinand II]] (a German prince of the [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]), came to rule in 1853. Portuguese law and custom treated them as members of the House of Braganza, though they were still Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasts. This has led some to classify these last four monarchs of Portugal as members of a new royal family, called the '''[[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]''', though this view is not widely held.

{{Succession table monarch
| name1       = '''[[John IV of Portugal|John IV]]'''
| nickname1   = The Restorer; The Fortunate; The Musician King
| native1     = {{langx|pt|João IV}}
| life1       = 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656 (aged 52)
| reignstart1 = 1 December 1640
| reignend1   = 6 November 1656
| notes1      = Was chosen as king through [[Acclamation]] (unanimous consent) by the [[Portuguese people]]. Later, by [[right of conquest]], dethroned the [[Philip IV of Spain|King Philip III]]. Was also great-great-grandson of Manuel I
| family1     = [[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image1      = Portrait of John, Duke of Braganza c. 1630 (The Royal Castle in Warsaw).png

| name2       = '''[[Afonso VI of Portugal|Afonso VI]]'''
| nickname2   = The Victorious
| native2     = 
| life2       = 21 August 1643 – 12 September 1683 (aged 40)
| reignstart2 = 6 November 1656
| reignend2   = 12 September 1683
| notes2      = Son of John IV
| family2     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image2      = Afonso VI, Rei de Portugal.JPG

| name3       = '''[[Peter II of Portugal|Peter II]]'''
| nickname3   = The Pacific
| native3     = {{langx|pt|Pedro II}}
| life3       = 26 April 1648 – 9 December 1706 (aged 58)
| reignstart3 = 6 November 1683
| reignend3   = 9 December 1706
| notes3      = Son of John IV <br /> Brother of Afonso VI
| family3     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image3      = D. Pedro II, Rei de Portugal.JPG

| name4       = '''[[John V of Portugal|John V]]'''
| nickname4   = The Magnanimous; The Magnificent; The Generous; The Most Faithful King; The Nuns' Lover; The Portuguese Sun-King
| native4     = {{langx|pt|João V}}
| life4       = 22 October 1689 – 31 July 1750 (aged 60)
| reignstart4 = 9 December 1706
| reignend4   = 31 July 1750
| notes4      = Son of Peter II
| family4     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image4      = D. João V (1689-1750) Hd.jpg|

| name5       = '''[[Joseph I of Portugal|Joseph I]]'''
| nickname5   = The Reformer
| native5     = {{langx|pt|José I}} 
| life5       = 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777 (age 62)
| reignstart5 = 31 July 1750
| reignend5   = 24 February 1777
| notes5      = Son of John V
| family5     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image5      = Portrait of Joseph Emanuel, King of Portugal (1773) - Miguel António do Amaral.png

| name6       = '''[[Mary I of Portugal|Maria I]]'''
| nickname6   = The Pious; The Mad
| native6     = {{langx|pt|Maria I}}
| life6       = {{birth date|1734|12|17|df=y}} – {{death date and age|1816|3|20|1734|12|17|df=y}}
| reignstart6 = 24 February 1777
| reignend6   = 20 March 1816
| notes6      = Daughter of Joseph I
| family6     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image6      = Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute.jpg

| name7       = '''[[Peter III of Portugal|Peter III]]'''
| nickname7   = The Capacidónio; The Builder; The Edifier; The Sacristan; The Enabler 
| native7     = {{langx|pt|Pedro III}}
| life7       = {{birth date|df=yes|1717|7|5}} – {{death date and age|df=yes|1786|5|25|1717|7|5}}
| reignstart7 = 24 February 1777
| reignend7   = 25 May 1786
| notes7      = Husband of Maria I<br />Son of John V<br />''[[jure uxoris]]'' king
| family7     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image7      = Portrait of Infante Pedro (future King Pedro III) - Attributed to Vieira Lusitano - Google Cultural Institute (cropped).jpg

| name8       = '''[[John VI of Portugal|John VI]]'''
| nickname8   = The Clement; The Merciful
| native8     = {{langx|pt|João VI}}
| life8       = 13 May 1767 – 10 March 1826 (aged 58)
| reignstart8 = 20 March 1816
| reignend8   = 10 March 1826
| notes8      = Son of Maria I and Peter III
| family8     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image8      = DomJoãoVI-pintordesconhecido.jpg

| name9       = '''[[Pedro I of Brazil|Peter IV]]'''
| nickname9   = The Soldier King; The Liberator; The Emperor; The Hero of Two Worlds
| native9     = {{langx|pt|Pedro IV}}
| life9       = 12 October 1798 – 24 September 1834 (aged 35)
| reignstart9 = 10 March 1826
| reignend9   = 2 May 1826
| notes9      = Son of John VI
| family9     = Braganza<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image9      = DpedroI-brasil-full.jpg
| name10       = '''[[Mary II of Portugal|Mary II]]'''
| nickname10   = The Educator; The Good Mother
| native10     = {{langx|pt|Maria II}}
| life10       = 4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853 (aged 34)
| reignstart10 = 2 May 1826
| reignend10   = 23 June 1828
| notes10      = Daughter of Peter IV
| family10     = [[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image10      = Maria II Portugal 1829.jpg

| name11       = '''[[Michael I of Portugal|Michael I]]'''
| nickname11   = The Absolutist; The Traditionalist; The Usurper
| native11     = {{langx|pt|Miguel I}}
| life11       = 26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866 (aged 64)
| reignstart11 = 26 February 1828 
| reignend11   = 6 May 1834
| notes11      = Son of John VI
| family11     = [[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image11      = Infante D. Miguel de Bragança (1827), by Johann Nepomuk Ender (cropped).png

| name12       = '''[[Mary II of Portugal|Mary II]]'''
| nickname12   = The Educator; The Good Mother
| native12     = {{langx|pt|Maria II}}
| life12       = 4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853 (aged 34)
| reignstart12 = 26 May 1834
| reignend12   =  15 November 1853
| notes12      = Daughter of Peter IV
| family12     = [[House of Braganza|Braganza]]<br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image12      = Queen Maria II by John Simpson.jpg

| name13       = '''[[Ferdinand II of Portugal|Ferdinand II]]'''
| nickname13   = The Artist King
| native13     = {{langx|pt|Fernando II}}
| life13       = 29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885 (aged 69)
| reignstart13 = 16 September 1837 
| reignend13   = 15 November 1853
| notes13      = Husband of Maria II <br /> ''[[jure uxoris]]'' king
| family13     = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry|Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Koháry]]<br />[[File:Bragança-Saxe-Coburgo-Gota (COA).png|40px]] 
| image13      = Ferdinand II, King Consort of Portugal 1861.jpg

| name14       = '''[[Pedro V of Portugal|Peter V]]'''
| nickname14   = The Hopeful; The Beloved; The Well-Beloved
| native14     = {{langx|pt|Pedro V}}
| life14       = 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861 (aged 24)
| reignstart14 = 15 November 1853 
| reignend14   = 11 November 1861
| notes14      = Son of Maria II and Ferdinand II
| family14     = Braganza<ref name="Braganza-Coburg">Also referred as the [[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]. "While remaining [[Patrilineality|patrilineal]] dynasts of the Duchy of [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 ''[[Almanach de Gotha]]'', Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the [http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14904/pg14904.html 1838 Portuguese constitution] declared, with respect to [[Ferdinand II of Portugal]]'s issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"</ref> <br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image14      = D. Pedro V fotografado por Mayer & Pierson.png

| name15       = '''[[Luís I of Portugal|Louis I]]'''
| nickname15   = The Popular; The Musician King; The Painter King
| native15     = {{langx|pt|Luís I}}
| life15       = 31 October 1838 – 19 October 1889 (aged 50)
| reignstart15 = 11 November 1861
| reignend15   = 19 October 1889
| notes15      = Son of Maria II and Ferdinand II <br /> Brother of Peter V
| family15     = Braganza<ref name="Braganza-Coburg" /><br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image15      = LodewijkPortugal.jpg

| name16       = '''[[Carlos I of Portugal|Carlos I]]'''
| nickname16   = The Diplomat; The Martyr; The Martyred; The Oceanographer; The Hunter; The Painter King; The Obese
| native16     = 
| life16       = 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908 (aged 44)
| reignstart16 = 19 October 1889 
| reignend16   = 1 February 1908
| notes16      = Son of Louis I
| family16     = Braganza<ref name="Braganza-Coburg" /><br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]]
| image16      = S.M.F. El-Rei D. Carlos I de Portugal.jpg

| name17       = '''[[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]'''
| nickname17   = The Patriot; The Sorrowful; The Unfortunate; The Studious; The Scholar; The Erudite; The Learned; The Bibliophile; The Missed-King
| native17     = 
| life17       = 15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932 (aged 42)
| reignstart17 = 1 February 1908 
| reignend17   = 5 October 1910
| notes17      = Son of Carlos I <br /> Last King of Portugal
| family17     = Braganza<ref name="Braganza-Coburg" /><ref>Some historians consider that Manuel II was preceded by his elder brother Luís Filipe, not by his father Carlos. In fact, while king Carlos died instantly under the bullets of the anarchists on 1 February 1908, his son Luís Filipe, the crown prince, survived for at least twenty-five minutes, enough to allow governmental officials to name him king. This act is, however, usually considered as historically irrelevant, given that the crown prince never recovered from his coma. His younger brother Manuel (who was also injured, though not seriously) is therefore considered to have been the direct successor of the murdered King Carlos I.</ref><br />[[File:Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg|40px]] 
| image17      = Manoel II, King of Portugal (Nov 1909).png
}}

== Length of reign ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name
!Reign
!Duration
|-
|'''[[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]]'''
|25 July 1139 – 6 December 1185
|46 years 4 months 11 days
|-
|'''[[Sancho I of Portugal|Sancho I]]'''
|6 December 1185 – 26 March 1211
|25 years 3 months 20 days
|-
|'''[[Afonso II of Portugal|Afonso II]]'''
|26 March 1211 – 25 March 1223
|11 years 11 months 27 days
|-
|'''[[Sancho II of Portugal|Sancho II]]'''
|25 March 1223 – 4 December 1247
|24 years 8 months 9 days
|-
|'''[[Afonso III of Portugal|Afonso III]]'''
|4 January 1248 – 16 February 1279
|31 years 1 month 12 days
|-
|'''[[Denis of Portugal|Denis I]]'''
|6 February 1279 – 7 January 1325
|45 years 11 months 1 day
|-
|'''[[Afonso IV of Portugal|Afonso IV]]'''
|7 January 1325 – 28 May 1357
|32 years 4 months 21 days
|-
|'''[[Peter I of Portugal|Peter I]]'''
|28 May 1357 – 18 January 1367
|9 years 7 months 21 days
|-
|'''[[Ferdinand I of Portugal|Ferdinand I]]'''
|18 January 1367 – 22 October 1383
|16 years 9 months 4 days
|-
|'''[[John I of Portugal|John I]]'''
|6 April 1385 – 14 August 1433
|48 years 4 months 8 days
|-
|'''[[Edward, King of Portugal|Edward]]'''
|14 August 1433 – 9 September 1438
|5 years 26 days
|-
|'''[[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]]'''
|13 September 1438 – 11 November 1477,<br>15 November 1477 – 28 August 1481
|42 years 11 months 11 days

1st: (39 years 1 month 29 days),<br>2nd: (3 years 9 months 13 days)
|-
|'''[[John II of Portugal|John II]]'''
|11 November 1477 – 15 November 1477,<br>28 August 1481 – 25 October 1495
|14 years 2 months 1 day

1°st: (4 days),<br>2°nd: (14 years 1 month 27 days)
|-
|'''[[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]]'''
|25 October 1495 – 13 December 1521
|26 years 1 month 18 days
|-
|'''[[John III of Portugal|John III]]'''
|13 December 1521 – 11 June 1557
|35 years 5 months 29 days
|-
|'''[[Sebastian of Portugal|Sebastian I]]'''
|11 June 1557 – 4 August 1578
|21 years 1 month 24 days
|-
|'''[[Henry, King of Portugal|Henry I]]'''
|4 August 1578 – 31 January 1580
|1 year 5 months 27 days
|-
|'''[[Philip II of Spain|Philip I]]'''
|12 September 1580 – 13 September 1598
|18 years 1 day
|-
|'''[[Philip III of Spain|Philip II]]'''
|13 September 1598 – 31 March 1621
|22 years 6 months 18 days
|-
|'''[[Philip IV of Spain|Philip III]]'''
|31 March 1621 – 1 December 1640
|19 years 8 months 1 day
|-
|'''[[John IV of Portugal|John IV]]'''
|1 December 1640 – 6 November 1656
|15 years 11 months 5 days
|-
|'''[[Afonso VI of Portugal|Afonso VI]]'''
|6 November 1656 – 12 September 1683
|26 years 10 months 6 days
|-
|'''[[Peter II of Portugal|Peter II]]'''
|12 September 1683 – 9 December 1706
|23 years 2 months 27 days
|-
|'''[[John V of Portugal|John V]]'''
|9 December 1706 – 31 July 1750
|43 years 7 months 22 days
|-
|'''[[Joseph I of Portugal|Joseph I]]'''
|31 July 1750 – 24 February 1777
|26 years 6 months 24 days
|-
|'''[[Maria I of Portugal|Maria I]]'''
|24 February 1777 – 20 March 1816
|39 years 25 days
|-
|'''[[Peter III of Portugal|Peter III]]'''
|24 February 1777 – 25 May 1786
|9 years 3 months 1 day
|-
|'''[[John VI of Portugal|John VI]]'''
|20 March 1816 – 10 March 1826
|9 years 11 months 18 days
|-
|'''[[Pedro I of Brazil|Peter IV]]'''
|10 March 1826 – 2 May 1826
|1 month 22 days
|-
|'''[[Maria II of Portugal|Maria II]]'''
|2 May 1826 – 23 June 1828,<br>26 May 1834 – 15 November 1853
|21 years 7 months 10 days

1st: (2 years 1 month 21 days),<br>2nd: (19 years 5 months 20 days)
|-
|'''[[Miguel I of Portugal|Michael I]]'''
|11 July 1828 – 26 May 1834
|5 years 10 months 15 days
|-
|'''[[Ferdinand II of Portugal|Ferdinand II]]'''
|16 September 1837 – 15 November 1853
|16 years 1 month 30 days
|-
|'''[[Pedro V of Portugal|Peter V]]'''
|15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861
|7 years 11 months 27 days
|-
|'''[[Luís I of Portugal|Louis I]]'''
|11 November 1861 – 19 October 1889
|27 years 11 months 8 days
|-
|'''[[Carlos I of Portugal|Carlos I]]'''
|19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908
|18 years 3 months 13 days
|-
|'''[[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]]'''
|1 February 1908 – 5 October 1910
|2 years 8 months 4 days
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Portugal|Monarchy}}
*[[List of Portuguese royal consorts]]
*[[List of viceroys of Portugal]]
*[[List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown]]
*[[Style of the Portuguese sovereign]]
* Families
** [[Family tree of Portuguese monarchs]]
** [[Descendants of John VI of Portugal]]
** [[Descendants of Manuel I of Portugal]]
** [[Descendants of Miguel I of Portugal]]

<!--*[[List of Portuguese monarchs by length of reign]]
*[[List of Portuguese monarchs by cause of death]]
*[[List of burial places of Portuguese monarchs]]
*[[List of nicknames of Portuguese monarchs]] -->

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sousa |first=D. António Caetano de |author-link=:pt:António Caetano de Sousa |title=História Genealógica da Casa Real Portuguesa |orig-date=1735–49 |year=1946 |publisher=Atlântida-Livraria Eds. |location=Coimbra |language=pt |oclc=20210378}}
* Jiří Louda & Michael Maclagan (1981), "Portugal", in ''Lines of Succession. Heraldry of the Royal families of Europe'', London, Orbis Publishing, pp.&nbsp;228–237. {{ISBN|0-85613-672-7}}. (revised and updated edition by Prentice Hall College Div – November 1991. {{ISBN|0-02-897255-4}}.)
* Luís Amaral & Marcos Soromenho Santos (2002), ''Costados do Duque de Bragança'', Lisboa, Guarda-Mor Edições.
* Afonso Eduardo Martins Zuquete (dir.)(1989), ''Nobreza de Portugal e Brasil'', vol. I, Lisboa, Editorial Enciclopédia.
* {{cite book|first=Jacob Wilhelm |last=Imhof|title=Stemma Regum lusitanicum sive Historia genealogica Familiae Regiae Portugallicae|location= Amsterdam|year= 1708 |url=http://www.orsinidemarzo.com/en/index.php?m0=pubblicazioni_dettaglio&articolo_id=192&articolo_tipo=ODM|publisher =orsinidemarzo.com}} (reprint)
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [http://eurulers.altervista.org/portugal.html History of titles of the kings of Portugal with bibliography]

{{Portuguese Monarchy Topics}}
{{Monarchs of Portugal}}
{{Portuguese royalty}}
{{Portugal topics|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Monarchs, List of Portuguese}}
[[Category:Lists of monarchs in Europe|Portugal]]
[[Category:Lists of Portuguese people]]
[[Category:Portuguese history timelines]]
[[Category:Portuguese monarchs| ]]
[[Category:Portugal politics-related lists]]