Editing Letter bomb

{{Short description|Terrorism method}}
{{redirect|Letterbomb|the song by Green Day|American Idiot|sending large volumes of email|Email bomb|the homebrew exploit on the Wii|Homebrew (video games)}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2017}}
[[Image:Mailbomb.jpg|A mail bomb on display at the [[National Postal Museum]]|thumb]]
{{terrorism}}
A '''letter bomb'''{{efn|Alternative names include '''parcel bomb''', '''mail bomb''', '''package bomb''', '''note bomb''', '''message bomb''', '''gift bomb''', '''present bomb''', '''delivery bomb''', '''surprise bomb''', '''postal bomb''', and '''post bomb'''.}} is an [[explosive device]] sent via the [[mail|postal service]], and designed with the intention to injure or kill the recipient when opened. They have been used in [[terrorism|terrorist]] attacks such as those of the [[Theodore Kaczynski|Unabomber]]. Some countries have agencies whose duties include the interdiction of letter bombs and the investigation of letter bombings.<ref>*[[United States Postal Inspection Service|(USPIS)]] In the United States, the Postal Inspection Service is responsible for investigating the use, or threat of use, of letter bombs, harmful chemicals and dangerous devices sent through the postal system.</ref> The letter bomb may have been in use for nearly as long as the common postal service has been in existence, as far back as 1764 (''see [[#Examples|Examples]]'').

==Description==
Letter bombs are usually designed to explode immediately on opening, with the intention of seriously injuring or killing the recipient (who may or may not be the person to whom the bomb was addressed). A related threat is mail containing unidentified powders or chemicals, as in the [[2001 anthrax attacks]].

==Use by suffragettes==
{{see also|Suffragette bombing and arson campaign}}
One of, if not the first, groups to consistently use letter bombs on a wide scale were the British [[suffragettes]] of the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] in the years before the [[First World War]].<ref name="Sky" /> The group were the original inventors of a form of letter bomb designed to maim or kill politicians or opponents.<ref name="Sky">{{Cite web |title=Letter bombs and IEDs: Were the suffragettes terrorists? |url=https://news.sky.com/story/women-would-have-got-the-vote-earlier-if-not-for-suffragette-terrorists-11227772 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227164910/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-443283 |url-status=live |archive-date=2024-12-27 |access-date=2021-01-08 |website=Sky News |language=en}}</ref> In 1913, numerous letter bombs were sent to politicians such as the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer|Chancellor]] [[David Lloyd George]] and [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[H.H. Asquith]], but they invariably all exploded in post offices, post boxes or in mailbags while in transit across the country.<ref name="Fern">{{Cite book|last=Riddell|first=Fern|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KQWgDwAAQBAJ|title=Death in Ten Minutes: The forgotten life of radical suffragette Kitty Marion|year=2018 |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |isbn=978-1-4736-6621-4|language=en|page=122}}</ref> Suffragettes also once attempted to [[assassinate]] a judge they considered to be anti-[[women's suffrage]], Sir [[Henry Curtis-Bennett (Chief Metropolitan Magistrate)|Henry Curtis-Bennett]], with a letter-bomb made partly out of bullets, but the bomb was intercepted by London postal workers before it could reach him.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Riddell|first=Fern|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KQWgDwAAQBAJ|title=Death in Ten Minutes: The forgotten life of radical suffragette Kitty Marion|year=2018 |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |isbn=978-1-4736-6621-4|language=en|pages=155–156}}</ref>

==Patentability==
Letter-bombs, along with [[anti-personnel mine]]s, are typical examples of [[patentable subject matter|subject-matter excluded from patentability]] under the [[European Patent Convention]], because the publication or exploitation of such [[invention]]s are contrary to the "''[[ordre public]]''" <!-- yes ordre, not order! see the wording of Art. 53(a) EPC -->and/or [[morality]] ({{EPC Article|53|a}}).<ref>{{EPO Guidelines|g|ii|4|1}}, "Matter contrary to "''ordre public''" or morality".</ref>

==Examples==
[[File:Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (2).jpg|thumb|[[Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer|Robert Harley]] was targeted in one of the earliest modern parcel bombing incidents]]
[[Image:Tussauds story The Times Sat July 20 1889.jpg|thumb|Parcel bomb sent to [[Madame Tussauds]] in 1889]]
[[File:Unabomber bomb.jpg|thumb|FBI reproduction of one of [[Theodore Kaczynski]]'s bombs]]
[[File:Michael Lapsley, March 2017.jpg|thumb|[[Michael Lapsley]] lost both hands and was blinded in one eye after a mail bombing attack]]
[[File:Suspicious-package-exterior-oct-2018.jpg|thumb|[[October 2018 United States mail bombing attempts|Mail bomb sent by a pro-Trump extremist, 2018]]]]
* What might be the first recorded case of a device broadly similar to a modern parcel bomb featured in the 18th century affair known as the [[Bandbox Plot]]. On November 4, 1712, a bandbox (i.e. a lightweight hat-box) was sent to [[Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford]], the British [[Lord Treasurer]]. It contained a number of loaded and cocked [[pistols]], to whose triggers was attached a thread which would have made the pistols fire the moment the box was opened. The plot was foiled by the perspicacity of [[Jonathan Swift]], who happened to be visiting the Earl of Oxford. Swift, perceiving the thread, seized the package and cut the thread, thus disarming the device. The attack was laid at the door of the opposition [[British Whig Party|Whig]] party and threw enormous popular sympathy behind Harley. The precise perpetrators were never identified or apprehended.
* One of the world's first mail bombs is mentioned in the 18th century diary of Danish official and historian [[Bolle Willum Luxdorph]]. His diary mainly consists of concise references to news from Denmark and abroad. In the entry for January 19, 1764, he writes the following: ''Colonel Poulsen residing at [[Børglum Abbey]] was sent by mail a box. When he opens it, therein is to be found gunpowder and a firelock which sets fire unto it, so he became very injured.'' The entry for February 15 same year says: ''Colonel Poulsen receives a letter in German, [saying] that soon the dose will be increased.'' It is referring to the dose of gunpowder in the box. The perpetrator was never found.<ref>Eiler Nystrøm(ed.) - ''Luxdorphs Dagbøger'', volume I, p. 207 & 209, Copenhagen, 1915</ref> In a later reference Luxdorph has found a mention of a similar bomb being used, also in 1764, but in [[Savona]] in Italy.<ref>''Luxdorphs Dagbøger'', volume I, p. 293. The reference Luxdorph mentions is this: ''Theatrum Europæum'', tome XI, p. 745 column 2, fin</ref>
* June 1889: Edward White, formerly an artist at [[Madame Tussauds]], was alleged to have sent a parcel bomb to John Theodore Tussaud after being dismissed.<ref>{{cite news |title=[[The Times]] |page=6 |date=July 20, 1889}}</ref>
* August 20, 1904: A Swedish man named {{Interlanguage link|Martin Ekenberg|no}} sent a mail bomb to businessman [[Karl Fredrik Lundin]] in [[Stockholm]]. It was a box loaded with bullets and explosives.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.di.se/Index/Nyheter/2004/08/21/114024.htm |title=Di.se: Sveriges farligaste uppfinnare - Nyheter |access-date=2005-09-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050802075212/http://www.di.se/Index/Nyheter/2004/08/21/114024.htm |archive-date=August 2, 2005 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
* 1912–1914: During the [[suffragette bombing and arson campaign]], British [[suffragettes]] of the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] (WSPU) invented and then used a form of letter bomb to maim or kill political opponents during a concerted [[terrorist]] campaign.<ref name="Sky" /><ref name="Fern"/>
* 1915: Vice President of the United States [[Thomas R. Marshall]] was the target of an assassination attempt by letter bomb.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nmanchesterhistory.org/biographies-marshall.aspx|title=Thomas R. Marshall - Articles|website=www.nmanchesterhistory.org|access-date=February 15, 2017}}</ref>
* 1919: A series of package bombs were sent to officials, journalists, and others in the United States by the Galleanist anarchist faction there; this precipitated the 1919-1920 Red Scare.<ref>[[1919 United States anarchist bombings]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=October 2019}}
* circa 1945: In the memoir of OSS operative Charles Fenn, he reported that the [[Office of Strategic Services|OSS]] sent letter bombs to Japanese officers in Japanese occupied territories in Asia during WWII. According to [[Elizabeth Peet McIntosh|Elizabeth "Betty" McIntosh]], Chinese spies working for the OSS reported that "this ploy has had quite some success blowing off the hands of Jap officers."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fenn |first1=Charles |title=At the Dragon's Gate: With the OSS in the Far East |date=2013 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=New York |isbn=9781612515311 |page=180}}</ref>
* 1946: Several British high officials, including Sir [[Stafford Cripps]], [[Ernest Bevin]], and [[Anthony Eden]] received letter bombs apparently sent by the extreme [[Zionism|Zionist]] [[Lehi (group)|Stern Gang]].<ref name="DMP">{{cite book
|author1=Smith, Ira R. T. |author2=Morris, Joe Alex |title=Dear Mr. President... The Story of Fifty Years in the White House Mail Room
|year=1949
|url=https://archive.org/stream/dearmrpresident000583mbp/dearmrpresident000583mbp_djvu.txt
|pages=229–230|publisher=JULIAN MESSNER }}</ref>
* 1947: Several letter bombs were sent to President [[Harry Truman]] in the White House. They were intercepted by White House mail room workers, who were on alert because of the letter bombs to British officials. These also were claimed by the Stern Gang.<ref name="DMP" />
* August 30, 1958: A parcel bomb sent by [[Ngo Dinh Nhu]], younger brother and chief adviser of South Vietnamese President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]], failed to kill [[King Sihanouk]] of Cambodia.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}
* 1961: The [[Nazi]] [[war criminal]] [[Alois Brunner]] received a letter bomb that caused the loss of an eye. In 1980 another letter bomb cost him the fingers of his left hand. Two Damascus postal workers were killed. The senders are unknown but some suspect the Israeli intelligence agency [[Mossad]].<ref name="desplanque">Catherine Desplanque, [http://cdpresse.fr/2011/10/13/alois-brunner-nazi-responsable-de-147-000-deportations-de-juifs-mort-ou-vivant-petite-biographie-dalois-brunner/ Petite biographie d'Alois Brunner/]</ref><ref name="trial">{{cite web|url=http://www.trial-ch.org/fr/trial-watch/profile/db/facts/alois_brunner_566.html|title=Alois Brunner|publisher=Trial-ch.org|access-date=November 9, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618143011/http://www.trial-ch.org/fr/trial-watch/profile/db/facts/alois_brunner_566.html|archive-date=June 18, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* November 27, 1962: A parcel sent to rocket scientist {{ill|Wolfgang Pilz|de|Wolfgang Pilz (Raumfahrtingenieur)}} exploded in his office in [[Egypt]] when opened, injuring his secretary.<ref name="Time1">{{cite magazine |title=Middle east: Trouble for 333 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,830056,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222074141/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,830056,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 22, 2008 |date=1963-04-05 |access-date=2010-10-21 |magazine= [[Time Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Sirrs1">{{cite book |title=Nasser and the missile age in the Middle East
 |date=January 2006|last=Sirrs |first=Owen L | pages=59–82, 224 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FOZvE9zihPwC&q=operation+damocles+-at-43+israel&pg=PA76 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780203029688}}</ref> Another parcel sent to the Heliopolis rocket factory killed five Egyptian workers.<ref name="Lavy1">{{cite book |title=Germany and Israel: moral debt and national interest
 |date=October 1996|last=Lavy|first=George |pages=59–71|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3XZ81k2OMZEC&q=wolfgang+pilz&pg=PA63 |publisher = Routledge|isbn=9780714646268}}</ref>
* 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s: Several terrorist organizations in [[Argentina]] such as [[Montoneros]] and [[People's Revolutionary Army (Argentina)|ERP]] included letter bombs into their weaponry.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}
* December 28, 1977: In [[Malta]], [[Karin Grech]], age 15, was killed when she opened a letterbomb addressed to her father Edwin Grech. On the same day, another bomb was sent to Labour MP Dr. Paul Chetcuti Caruana, but it did not detonate.
* 1978 to 1995: [[Theodore Kaczynski]], the "UNAbomber", killed three and injured 23 in a series of mail bombings in the [[United States]].<ref name="Stout, David (May 1997)">{{cite news|last1=Stout|first1=David|title=Unabom Case: U.S. Is Seeking Death Sentence|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/05/16/us/unabom-case-us-is-seeking-death-sentence.html?_r=0|access-date=September 15, 2016|work=New York Times|issue=Late Edition (East Coast)|date=May 16, 1997|location=New York, N.Y.|page=1}}</ref>
* August 27, 1980: [[Lyda Monteiro da Silva]], secretary of [[Brazilian Bar Association]], was killed by a letter bomb sent by anti-communist army members against the end of [[military dictatorship in Brazil]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Alves |first1=Maria Helena Moreira |title=State and opposition in military Brazil |date=1985 |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin |isbn=0-292-77598-9 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Skidmore |first1=Thomas E. |title=The politics of military rule in Brazil, 1964-85 |date=1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=0-19-503898-3}}</ref>
* August 17, 1982: [[Ruth First]], a [[South Africa]]n [[communism|communist]] anti-apartheid activist was killed by a parcel bomb mailed by the South African government to her home in [[Mozambique]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Milton Shain and Miriam Pimstone|title=Ruth First|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/first-ruth|website=Jewish Women's Archive|access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>
* June 28, 1984: [[Jeanette Schoon]], a South African [[Internal resistance to South African apartheid|anti-apartheid]] activist and her 6-year-old daughter, Katryn Schoon, were killed by a letter bomb mailed by [[Craig Williamson]], a spy for the [[South African Police]] who had been posing as a family friend. Jeanette Schoon collected and carried home a parcel bomb, which exploded upon opening the letter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/jeannette-schoon-and-her-daughter-are-killed-letter-bomb |title=Jeannette Schoon and her daughter are killed by a letter bomb &#124; South African History Online |website=Sahistory.org.za |date=1984-06-28 |accessdate=2022-10-04}}</ref>
* August 1985: A woman in [[Rotorua]], [[New Zealand]], Michele Sticovich, was instantly killed and a close friend of hers seriously injured after she opened a parcel addressed to her containing a number of sticks of [[gelignite]]. Mrs Sticovich's estranged husband, David Sticovich, was arrested and ultimately pleaded guilty to her murder.<ref name="3_News_130735">{{cite news |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Former-top-Roturua-cop-dies-/tabid/423/articleID/130735/cat/64/Default.aspx |title=Former top Roturua cop dies |date=November 22, 2009 |work=[[3 News]] |access-date=October 14, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801114229/http://www.3news.co.nz/Former-top-Roturua-cop-dies-/tabid/423/articleID/130735/cat/64/Default.aspx |archive-date=August 1, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* October 19, 1986: [[Dele Giwa]], a [[Nigeria]]n journalist and editor of the ''[[Newswatch (Nigeria)|Newswatch]]'' magazine was killed with a mail bomb, claimed to be sent by Nigeria's former dictator, Gen. [[Ibrahim Babangida]]. The general has never admitted complicity, remaining mute on the issue.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}
* December 16, 1989: [[Robert Smith Vance]], a [[Federal judge|U.S. federal judge]], was killed instantly upon opening a letter bomb in the kitchen of his home in [[Birmingham, Alabama]], with his wife, Helen, seriously injured. [[Walter Leroy Moody]] Jr was later convicted of killing both Vance and Georgia attorney Robbie Robinson by use of letter bombs delivered through the mail.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/20/us/shadowy-bombing-case-is-focusing-on-reclusive-and-enigmatic-figure.html?pagewanted=all|title=Shadowy Bombing Case Is Focusing On Reclusive and Enigmatic Figure|author=Peter Applebome|date=July 20, 1990 |newspaper=New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-06-05-mn-234-story.html|title=Georgia Man's Mail Bomb Trial Opens|author=Eric Harrison|date=June 5, 1991 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>
* 1990: Priest [[Michael Lapsley]] was sent a letter bomb by South African government's death squad, the [[Civil Cooperation Bureau]], hidden inside two religious magazines. He lost both hands and the sight in one eye in the blast, and was seriously burned.
* Mid-1990s: [[Franz Fuchs]], [[Austria]]n serial mail bomber, killed four and injured 15 with waves of mail bombs and [[improvised explosive devices]].<ref>Konnelly, Kate "Austrian racist gets life for five-year bomb terror" The Guardian, Wednesday March 10, 1999.</ref>
* January 1994: [[Roberto Escobar]] was sent a letter bomb while in jail by Medellin Cartel enemies.
* September 1996: Singer [[Björk]] was sent a letter bomb containing [[sulfuric acid]] by stalker [[Ricardo Lopez (stalker)|Ricardo López]]. López then committed suicide. The bomb did not reach her, having been intercepted by the [[Metropolitan Police]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/1996/sep/18/man-sends-sinter-bomb-then-tapes-suicide|title=Man Sends Singer Bomb, Then Tapes Suicide|access-date=March 21, 2018}}</ref>
* February 2007: [[2007 United Kingdom letter bombs|A series of mail bombings]] in the [[United Kingdom]] injured nine people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7016511.stm|title=Man convicted over letter bombs|date=2007-09-27|access-date=2019-01-31|language=en-GB}}</ref>
* January 2007: A bomber calling himself "[[John Tomkins|The Bishop]]" sent several unassembled bombs to financial firms in the United States, and was arrested in April 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.denverpost.com/2007/04/25/iowa-man-arrested-in-janus-threats/|title=Iowa man arrested in Janus threats – The Denver Post|date=April 25, 2007|access-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref>
* August 2007: A [[Lebanese Canadians|Lebanese immigrant]], [[Adel Arnaout]], was charged with sending three letter bombs out to residents in the Greater Ontario area.<ref name="star20122">{{cite web |last1=Powell |first1=Betsy |date=7 March 2012 |title=Toronto judge declares letter bomber Adel Arnaout a dangerous offender |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/crime/2012/03/07/toronto_judge_declares_letter_bomber_adel_arnaout_a_dangerous_offender.html |accessdate=29 March 2016 |website=Toronto Star |publisher=Toronto Star Newspapers Ltd}}</ref>
* April 2011: [[Neil Lennon]] and two high-profile fans of [[Celtic F.C.]] were sent parcel bombs.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-17869217|title=Muirhead and McKenzie jailed for Neil Lennon parcel bomb plot - BBC News|work=BBC News|date=April 27, 2012}}</ref>
* February 2014: A series of seven letter bombs were sent to Armed Forces recruitment offices in the [[United Kingdom]], which bore all the hallmarks of Northern Ireland-related terrorism.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-26171896|title=Army office letter bombs: Northern Ireland link probed|work=BBC News|date=February 14, 2014}}</ref>
* September 2015: At least six people were killed and dozens injured in explosions at 15 locations in [[Liucheng County]] in [[China|China's]] [[Guangxi|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]. The explosives were reportedly concealed inside [[Express mail|express delivery packages]].<ref name="scmp15">{{cite news |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/1862823/multiple-explosions-said-be-triggered-parcel-bombs-rock-county |title=Mail bombs lay ruin to Chinese county as 7 killed, dozens injured in 17 sites across Guangxi's Liucheng |date=September 30, 2015 |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |access-date=October 1, 2015}}</ref>
* May 25, 2017: A suspected letter bomb exploded within the car of [[Lucas Papademos]], former [[Prime Minister of Greece]], causing injuries to Papademos, his driver and another official.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-40052213|title=Blast in car injures Greek ex-PM|publisher=BBC|date=May 25, 2017|access-date=May 26, 2017}}</ref>
* July 28, 2017: A [[Queens, New York]], landlord opened an explosive package resembling an oatmeal container which had been sitting on his building's doorstep for several days, and died from extensive burns four days later. The [[United States Postal Service|USPS]] refused immediate comment on whether the package was mailed, citing its ongoing investigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abc7ny.com/man-dies-days-after-package-explodes-in-queens/2266990/|title=Man dies days after package explodes in Queens|publisher=WABC|date=August 1, 2017}}</ref>
* March 2018: [[Austin package explosions|Multiple package bombs]] were detonated in [[Austin, Texas]], over the course of a few weeks, killing 2 and seriously injuring 5. The perpetrator was subsequently identified as Mark Anthony Conditt of [[Pflugerville, Texas]].
* October 2018: [[October 2018 United States mail bombing attempts|Multiple package bombs]] were sent to prominent critics of the [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Donald Trump administration]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Homemade bombs sent to Obama, Clinton and CNN offices, officials say |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/10/24/bomb-sent-bill-hillary-clintons-home-new-york-city-suburb/ |access-date=24 October 2018 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama and CNN Offices Are Sent Pipe Bombs |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 24, 2018 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/24/nyregion/clinton-obama-explosive-device.html |access-date=24 October 2018 |language=en|last1=Rashbaum |first1=William K. }}</ref> The first bomb discovered was delivered to billionaire financier and activist [[George Soros]]' home on October 22, 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/22/us/suspicious-package-george-soros/index.html|title=Explosive device found near home of billionaire investor George Soros|last=Murray|first=Kelly|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=October 24, 2018}}</ref> Additional bombs were sent to other political figures and activists including: former President [[Barack Obama]]; former President [[Bill Clinton]] and wife, former Secretary of State and 2016 presidential candidate [[Hillary Clinton]]; US Congresswoman [[Maxine Waters]];<ref name=latimes>[http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-waters-la-mail-20181024-story.html Package addressed to Rep. Maxine Waters prompts evacuation of South L.A. mail facility] ''Los Angeles Times'', October 24, 2018</ref> [[CNN]]; former Attorney General [[Eric Holder]]; former Vice President [[Joe Biden]];<ref name=delaware>[https://www.vice.com/en/article/two-new-pipe-bombs-said-to-target-joe-biden/ Two new pipe bombs said to target Joe Biden] ''Vice'', October 25, 2018</ref> actor [[Robert De Niro]] also received bombs.<ref name=deniro>[https://www.nbcnewyork.com/investigations/Pipe-Bombs-Clinton-Obama-Soros-Waters-CNN-Time-Warner-Holder-Brennan-498490732.html Similar Package Sent to Top Democrats Sent to Robert De Niro's NYC Home: Sources] ''NBC New York'', October 25, 2018</ref>
* November and December 2022: [[2022 Spain letter bomb attacks|Multiple letter bombs]] were sent to high-profile institutions and locations across Spain, including the [[Prime Minister of Spain]] [[Pedro Sánchez|Pedro Sanchez]], the [[Ukrainian embassy]] in [[Madrid]], and the [[Ministry of Defence (Spain)|Defence Ministry]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-12-01 |title=Spain's PM sent letter bomb similar to device that injured Ukraine embassy official |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/third-mail-bomb-found-spanish-air-force-base-el-mundo-reports-2022-12-01/ |access-date=2022-12-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Brennan |first=Al Goodman,Eve |date=2022-12-01 |title=Spain boosts security as prime minister targeted amid series of letter bombs |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/01/europe/spain-security-letter-bombs-intl/index.html |access-date=2022-12-01 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bioterrorism]]
* [[Bomb threat]]
* [[Email bomb]]
* [[Luke Helder]]
* [[Pipe bomb]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
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{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{commons category-inline|Letter bombs}}
* [https://postalinspectors.uspis.gov/radDocs/bombs.htm U.S. Postal Inspection Service - Mail Bombs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917043221/https://postalinspectors.uspis.gov/radDocs/bombs.htm |date=September 17, 2011 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Letter Bomb}}
[[Category:Terrorism tactics]]
[[Category:Improvised explosive devices]]
[[Category:Bombs]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents involving postal systems]]
[[Category:Letter bomb| ]]