Editing Lemmings (video game)

{{About|the video game|3=Lemming (disambiguation)}}{{short description|1991 video game}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{good article}}
{{Infobox video game
| title = Lemmings
| image = Lemmings-BoxScan.jpg
| caption = Home computer cover art by Adrian Powell<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/17/the-sprites-clearly-do-not-look-like-actual-lemmings-the-inside-story-of-an-iconic-video-game|title='The sprites clearly do not look like actual lemmings': the inside story of an iconic video game|last=Lukowski|first=Andrzej|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 February 2022|access-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217085912/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/17/the-sprites-clearly-do-not-look-like-actual-lemmings-the-inside-story-of-an-iconic-video-game|archive-date=17 December 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
| developer = {{Collapsible list|title={{nobold|[[DMA Design]]}}|{{plainlist|
* [[Sunsoft]] (SNES, SMD)
* [[Probe Software]] (GG, SMS)
* [[Psygnosis]] (CPC, 3DO, ZX)
* [[Ocean Software]] (NES)
* E&E Software (C64)
}}}}
| publisher = {{Collapsible list|title={{nobold|[[Psygnosis]]}}|{{plainlist|
* Sunsoft (SNES, SMD, NES (USA))
* [[Sega]] (GG, SMS)
* [[Atari Corporation]] (LYNX)
* [[Ocean Software]] (GB, NES (EU))
* [[Philips Media]] (CD-i)
}}}}
| designer = [[David Jones (video game developer)|David Jones]]
| programmer = {{plainlist|
* David Jones
* Russell Kay
* [[Mike Dailly (game designer)|Mike Dailly]]
}}
| artist = {{plainlist|
* Gary Timmons
* Scott Johnston
* Mike Dailly
}}
| composer = {{plainlist|
* [[Tim Wright (Welsh musician)|Tim Wright]]
* Brian Johnston
}}
| series = ''[[Lemmings (series)|Lemmings]]''
| platforms = {{Collapsible list|title={{nobold|[[Amiga]]}}|
[[MS-DOS]], [[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]], [[Atari ST]], [[ZX Spectrum]], [[CDTV]], [[Acorn Archimedes]], [[PC-98]], [[FM Towns]], [[X68000]], [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]], [[PC Engine]], [[Mega Drive]], [[Game Gear]], [[Amstrad CPC]], [[Master System]], [[Nintendo Entertainment System]], [[Commodore 64]], [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer]], [[Atari Lynx]], [[SAM Coupé]], [[Game Boy]], [[CD-i]], [[Amiga CD32]], [[J2ME]]
}}
| released = {{Collapsible list|title={{nobold|14 February 1991}}|
'''Amiga'''{{Video game release|EU|14 February 1991<ref name="CTW323">{{cite magazine |title=The Release Schedule |magazine=Computer Trade Weekly |location=United Kingdom |date=11 February 1991 |issue=323 |page=14 }}</ref>|NA|1992}}
'''MS-DOS'''{{Video game release|NA|1991}}
'''Mac OS'''{{Video game release|NA|1991}}
'''Atari ST'''{{Video game release|EU|1991}}
'''ZX Spectrum'''{{Video game release|EU|1991<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/zx_Lemmings_demo_1991_Psygnosis_Your_Sinclair_a_needs_tape_load|title=Lemmings ZX Spectrum Demo Archive}} Lemmings ZX Spectrum Demo.</ref>}}
'''Acorn Archimedes'''{{Video game release|EU|1991<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/AcornArchimedesRomCollectionByGhostware|title=Acorn Archimedes ROM Archive}} Lemmings Acorn Archimedes ROM.</ref>}}
'''PC-98'''{{Video game release|JP|1991<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/NeoKobe-NecPc-98012017-11-17|title=PC-98 ROM Archive}} Lemmings PC-98 ROM.</ref>}}
'''CDTV'''{{Video game release|EU|1992}}
'''FM Towns'''{{Video game release|JP|1992<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Neo_Kobe_Fujitsu_FM_Towns_2016-02-25|title=FM Towns ROM Archive}} Lemmings FM Towns ROM.</ref>}}
'''X68000'''{{Video game release|JP|1992<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Sharp_X68000_Collection|title=Sharp X68000 ROM Archive}} Lemmings Sharp X68000 ROM.</ref>}}
'''PC Engine'''{{Video game release|NA|1992<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/TurboGrafxCDCollection|title=Turbografx-CD English ROM Archive}} Lemmings Turbografx-CD English ROM.</ref>|JP|1992}}
'''SNES'''{{Video game release|JP|December 1991<ref>{{Cite book |title=死ぬ前にクリアしたい200の無理ゲー ファミコン&スーファミ |date=October 10, 2018 |publisher=My Way Publishing |isbn=9784865119855 |pages=64 |trans-title=200 Unreasonable Games You Want to Clear Before Dying: Famicom and Super Famicom|language=Japanese}}</ref>|NA|March 1992|EU|August 1992<ref name="CTW399">{{cite magazine |title=The Release Schedule |magazine=Computer Trade Weekly |location=United Kingdom |date=10 August 1992 |issue=399 |page=15 }}</ref>}}
'''Master System'''{{Video game release|EU|November 1992<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-sega-03/page/n87/mode/2up |title=Master System Review: ''Lemmings'' |magazine=[[Mean Machines Sega]] |issue=3 |date=December 1992 |pages=88–89|access-date=4 March 2025}}</ref>}}
'''Mega Drive'''{{Video game release|NA|1992|EU|14 December 1992<ref name=GamesMaster>{{cite journal|title=Network Diary Dates|journal=[[GamesMaster (magazine)|GamesMaster]]|date=January 1993|issue=1}}</ref>}}
'''Game Gear'''{{Video game release|NA|1992|EU|December 1992<ref>{{cite web|title=Prodates |url=https://retrocdn.net/images/1/14/SegaPro_UK_15.pdf|work=[[Sega Pro]]|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|accessdate=24 September 2024 |date=December 1992 |page=14}}</ref>}}
'''Amstrad CPC'''{{Video game release|EU|1992}}
'''NES'''{{Video game release|NA|November 1992|EU|19 May 1993}}
'''Commodore 64'''{{Video game release|EU|1992|NA|1993}}
'''3DO'''{{Video game release|NA|1993}}
'''Lynx'''{{Video game release|NA|1993}}
'''SAM Coupé'''{{Video game release|EU|1993<ref name=SAM>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/GoodSamCNonGood|title=SAM Coupé ROM Archive}} Lemmings SAM Coupé ROM.</ref>}}
'''Game Boy'''{{Video game release|EU|1993|NA|August 1994}}
'''CD-i'''{{Video game release|EU|1993|NA|1995}}
'''CD32'''{{Video game release|EU|1994}}
'''J2ME'''{{Video game release|NA|2005<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/1000_J2ME_Games_Pack|title=J2ME ROM Archive}} Lemmings J2ME ROM.</ref>}}
}}
| genre = [[Puzzle video game|Puzzle]], [[Strategy video game|Strategy]]
| modes = [[Single-player video game|Single-player]], [[multiplayer video game|multiplayer]]
}}'''''Lemmings''''' is a 1991 [[puzzle video game|puzzle]]-[[strategy video game]] developed by [[DMA Design]] and published by [[Psygnosis]] for the [[Amiga]]. It was later ported to numerous other platforms. The game was programmed by Russell Kay, [[Mike Dailly (game designer)|Mike Dailly]] and [[David Jones (video game developer)|David Jones]], and was inspired by a simple animation that Dailly created while experimenting with [[Deluxe Paint]].

The objective of the game is to guide a group of [[Anthropomorphism|anthropomorphised]] [[lemming]]s through a number of obstacles to a designated exit. In any given level, the player must save a specified number or percentage of the lemmings in order to advance. To this end, the player must decide how to assign limited quantities of eight different skills to individual lemmings, allowing them to alter the landscape and/or their own behaviour so that the entire group can reach the exit safely.

''Lemmings'' was one of the best-received video games of the early 1990s. It was the second-highest-rated game in the history of ''[[Amstrad Action]]'', and was considered the eighth-greatest game of all time by ''[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]'' in 1996. ''Lemmings'' is also one of the most widely [[Porting|ported]] video games, and is estimated to have sold around 20 million copies between its various ports. The popularity of the game also led to the creation of [[Lemmings (series)|several other ''Lemmings'' video-games]], remakes and spin-offs, and has also inspired similar games. Despite its success, Lemmings lost considerable popularity by the late 1990s, which was attributed in part to the slow pace of gameplay compared to video games of later generations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-16 |title=What Happened to Lemmings? |url=https://www.superjumpmagazine.com/what-happened-to-lemmings/ |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=SUPERJUMP |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=LeJacq |first=Yannick |date=2014-07-09 |title=Now I Know Why Lemmings Died |url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2014/07/now-i-know-why-lemmings-died/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709075750/http://www.kotaku.com.au/2014/07/now-i-know-why-lemmings-died/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 July 2014 |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=Kotaku Australia |language=en-AU}}</ref>

==Gameplay==
[[Image:Amiga Lemmings.png|thumb|left|Lemmings cross a bridge and tunnel through a rock formation in the Amiga version.|alt=Lemmings building a bridge over a chasm and excavating a tunnel through a rock formation.]]

''Lemmings'' is divided into a number of [[Level (video games)|levels]], grouped into four difficulty categories.<ref name=spectrum/> Each level begins with one or more trap doors opening from above, releasing a steady line of lemmings who all follow each other.<ref name=fox/> Levels include a variety of obstacles that prevent lemmings from reaching the exit, such as large drops, booby traps and pools of lava.<ref name=ysr/>

The goal of each level is to guide at least a portion of the green-haired, blue-robed lemmings from the entrance to the exit by clearing or creating a safe passage through the landscape for the lemmings to use.<ref name="manual"/><ref name="eurogamer review">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/r_lemmings_psp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221101311/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/r_lemmings_psp |archive-date=21 February 2013 |title=Lemmings |work=[[Eurogamer]] |first=Tom |last=Bramwell |date=7 March 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Unless assigned a special task, a lemming will walk in one direction ignoring any other lemming in its way (except Blockers), falling off any edges and turning around if it hits an obstacle it cannot pass.<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/29/technology/29game.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&ei=5070&en=9b11a61802a7c4f8&ex=1152244800&emc=eta1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130162231/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/29/technology/29game.html?pagewanted=1&_r=2&ei=5070&en=9b11a61802a7c4f8&ex=1152244800&emc=eta1& |archive-date=30 January 2013 |title=Addictive as Chips, but Less Fattening |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=29 June 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |first=Charles |last=Herold |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lemming can die in a number of ways: falling from too great a height, drowning or falling into lava, falling off the bottom edge of the screen, being caught in a trap or fire, or being assigned the Bomber skill for five seconds. Every level has a time limit; if the timer expires, all the lemmings explode (even non-Bombers), the level ends, and the player is evaluated on the number of lemmings rescued.

To successfully complete the level, the player must assign specific skills to certain lemmings. Which skills and how many uses of each are available to the player varies from level to level, and the player must assign the skills carefully to successfully guide the lemmings.<ref name="eurogamer review"/> There are eight skills that can be assigned:<ref name="manual">{{cite book | year=1993 | editor=Atari | title=Lemmings Instruction Manual (Atari Lynx) (C398105-080 Rev. A) | pages=5–7 | publisher=Atari }}</ref> Climbers climb vertically though fall down if they hit an overhang. Floaters use a parachute to fall safely from heights. Bombers explode after a five-second timer, destroying themselves and any destructible landscape in close proximity, though not damaging other lemmings or traps. Blockers stand still and prevent other lemmings from passing; lemmings that hit a Blocker simply reverse direction. Builders build a stairway of 12 steps, but will stop building when either it hits its head, runs out of bricks, or when the stairway hits a solid object.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lemmings - Instructions, Docs - Lemon Amiga |url=https://www.lemonamiga.com/games/docs.php?id=994 |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=www.lemonamiga.com}}</ref> Bashers, Miners and Diggers tunnel horizontally, diagonally downwards or directly downwards respectively, but cannot break through steel barriers.<ref name=spectrum/>

While the player is able to pause the game to inspect the level and status of the lemmings, skills can only be assigned in real-time. Lemmings are initially released at a rate predetermined by the level (from 1 to 99). The player can increase the rate as desired to a maximum of 99, and later decrease it down to, but not lower than, the initial rate. The player also has the option to "nuke" all the remaining lemmings on the screen, converting them to Bombers.<ref name=spectrum/> This option can be used to abort a level when in a no-win situation, remove any Blockers that remain after the remaining lemmings have been rescued, or end a level quickly once the required percentage of saved lemmings has been reached.<ref name="manual"/>

The four difficulty groups – "Fun", "Tricky", "Taxing" and "Mayhem" – are used to organise the levels to reflect their overall difficulty.<ref name=gs/> This rating reflects several factors, including the number of obstacles the player has to surpass, the limitation on the number of types of skills available to assign, the time limit, the minimum rate of lemming release, and the percentage of lemmings that must be saved.<ref name="eurogamer review"/> Some versions have additional difficulty ratings with more levels in each.

===Two-player mode===
[[Image:SNES Lemmings2Player.png|thumb|In two-player mode, each player can only control lemmings of their own colour but attempt to guide any lemming to their own goal.]]

The original ''Lemmings'' also has 20 two-player levels. This took advantage of the Amiga's ability to support two mice simultaneously, and the Atari's ability to support a mouse and a [[joystick]] simultaneously.<ref name="history"/> Each player is presented with their own view of the same map (on a vertically split screen), can only give orders to their own lemmings (green or blue), and has their own base. The goal is to get more lemmings (regardless of colour) into one's own base than the other player. Gameplay cycles through the 20 levels until neither player gets any lemmings home.<ref name="manual"/>

=== Oh No! More Lemmings ===
{{Main page|Oh No! More Lemmings}}

''Oh No! More Lemmings'' is an expansion for the game. It contains 100 more levels, leading to 150 levels in total, including the two-player levels.

==Development==
Mike Dailly, the first employee<ref name="jones recount"/> of [[DMA Design]] and one of the programmers for ''Lemmings'', provided a detailed history of the development of the game titled "The Lemmings Story" in 2006.<ref name="history">{{cite web |url=http://www.javalemmings.com/DMA/Lem_1.htm |first=Mike |last=Dailly |title=The Complete History of Lemmings |year=2006 |access-date= 10 December 2014|url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627001229/http://www.javalemmings.com/DMA/Lem_1.htm|archive-date=27 June 2015}}</ref> [[David Jones (video game developer)|David Jones]], founder of DMA Design, has also commented on the development and success of ''Lemmings''.<ref name="jones recount">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=12190 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120526225205/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=12190 |archive-date=26 May 2012 |title=Playing Catch Up: GTA/Lemmings' Dave Jones |date=21 December 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |first=Alistair |last=Wallis |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Image:Lemming animation.gif|left|thumb|Gary Timmons improved Mike Dailly's lemming walking animation (left) to make it appear less stiff.]]

The inspiration for gameplay came as a result of a simple animated character [[Sprite (computer graphics)|sprite]] in an 8×8 pixel box created by Dailly using [[Deluxe Paint]]<ref name="jones recount"/> as part of development for ''[[Walker (video game)|Walker]]'', then envisioned as a sequel to ''[[Blood Money (video game)|Blood Money]]''.<ref name="history"/> Dailly was able to quickly produce an animated graphic showing his creations moving endlessly, with additional graphical improvements made by Gary Timmons and other members of the DMA Design team to help remove the stiffness in the animation. One member, Russell Kay, observed that "There's a game in that!", and later coined the term "lemmings" for these creations, according to Dailly. Allowing the creatures to move across the landscape was based on a ''[[Salamander (video game)|Salamander]]'' weapon concept for ''Blood Money'' and demonstrated with the animations.<ref name="history"/>

Levels were designed based on a [[Deluxe Paint]] interface, which allowed several of the members to design levels, resulting in "hundreds of levels".<ref name="jones recount"/> There were several internal iterations of the levels, each designer challenging the others. Dailly pointed out that David Jones "used to try and beat us, and after proudly stabbing a finger at the screen and saying 'There! Beat that!', we'd calmly point out a totally new way of getting around all his traps, and doing it in a much simpler method. 'Oh...', he'd mutter, and scramble off to try and fix it." They also sent internally tested levels to [[Psygnosis]], getting back the results of their testing via fax. While most were solved quickly, Dailly commented that "Every now and again though, the fax would be covered in scribbles with the time and comments crossed out again and again; this is what we were striving for while we were designing the levels, and it gave us all a warm fuzzy feeling inside."<ref name="history"/>

Each of the designers had a somewhat different style in their levels: Dailly's levels often had titles containing clues to what to do (such as "It's Hero Time", suggesting that one lemming had to be separated from the crowd) and generally required the player to perform several actions at once; Gary Timmons's levels were minimalistic, with popular culture references in the titles; and Scott Johnston's (whose mother was the first voice of the lemmings) levels were generally tightly packed. Dailly was also responsible for the "custom" levels based on other Psygnosis and [[Reflections Interactive]] Amiga games, including ''[[Shadow of the Beast (1989 video game)|Shadow of the Beast]]'', ''[[Menace (video game)|Menace]]'', ''[[Awesome (video game)|Awesome]]'' and ''[[Shadow of the Beast II]]''. These "crossover" levels also used music from those games, though in ports these levels have been removed or altered to remove such references. After they developed most of the hard levels, they then created several simple levels either by copying the existing ones or creating new layouts; as Dailly states, "This I believe is where many games fall down today, they do not spend the time making a good learning curve." Timmons is credited with the official drawings of the lemmings, as necessitated by the need of Psygnosis for box cover artwork.<ref name="history"/>

The two-player option was inspired by then-current games ''[[Populous (video game)|Populous]]'' and ''[[Stunt Car Racer]]''. DMA Design initially wanted to use a [[null modem|null-modem]] connection between two machines to allow competitive play, but ended up using the ability of the Amiga to have two mouse pointer devices usable at the same time and thus created the split-screen mode.<ref name="history"/>

==Music==
Music was originally created by Brian Johnston (Scott's younger brother), who [[Sampling (music)|sampled]] bits of copyrighted music. This had been common practice, but at that point there was a growing awareness of music copyright. Psygnosis therefore asked [[Tim Wright (Welsh musician)|Tim Wright]] to replace the offending tracks; he often used arrangements and reworkings of [[Classical music|classical]] and [[Traditional music|traditional]] music to avoid copyright problems.<ref name="history" />

==Ports and expansions==
The game's popularity on the Amiga led to its rapid [[porting]] to many other platforms, and it is regarded as one of the most widely ported video games.<ref name="jones recount"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.consumerelectronicsnet.com/games/articles/viewarticle.jsp?id=46303 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141210075052/http://www.consumerelectronicsnet.com/games/articles/viewarticle.jsp?id=46303 |archive-date=10 December 2014 |title=Lemmings PSP Review |work=Consumer Electronics Net |first=Don |last=Lee |date=15 June 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Within a year of its release, the game had been ported to [[Atari ST]], [[Sinclair Spectrum]], [[IBM PC compatible|PC]] and [[SNES]].<ref name="jones recount"/> David Jones stated that after porting the game to 20 systems, he stopped keeping count of additional ports.<ref name="jones recount"/> Other commercial ports of the original game include [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer|3DO]], [[Acorn Archimedes]], [[Apple IIGS]], [[classic Mac OS|Macintosh]], [[CDTV]], [[Commodore 64]], [[Nintendo Entertainment System]], [[Master System]], [[Mega Drive]], [[PC Engine]], [[CD-i]], and [[X68000]].<ref name=fox>{{cite book|last=Fox |first=Matt |date=3 January 2013 |title=The Video Games Guide: 1,000+ Arcade, Console and Computer Games, 1962-2012, 2d ed. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xzMYYrsDaAEC&pg=PA169 |publisher=[[McFarland & Company]] |page=169 |isbn=978-0786472574 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402230011/https://books.google.com.au/books?id=xzMYYrsDaAEC&pg=PA169 |archive-date=2 April 2015 }}</ref>

The license to the ''Lemmings'' intellectual property had remained with Psygnosis, which became part of [[Sony Computer Entertainment]] in 1993 but ultimately folded in 2012, leaving ''Lemmings'' as a Sony property. Sony has used that to craft more modern remakes.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-12-20-sonys-just-released-a-new-lemmings-game | title =  Sony's just released a new Lemmings game for mobile | first=  Robert | last = Purchase | date = 20 December 2018 | access-date = 20 December 2018 | work = [[Eurogamer]] }}</ref> In early 2006, Sony released a [[enhanced remake|remake]] of ''[[Lemmings (2006 video game)|Lemmings]]'' for the [[PlayStation Portable]], developed by [[Team17]]. It features all 120 levels from the original game, 36 brand-new levels as well as [[expansion pack|DataPack]] support (similar to the Extra Track system featured in ''[[Wipeout Pure]]''), and a user-level editor. Every level in the game is a pre-rendered 3D landscape, although their gameplay is still 2D and remains faithful to the original game. User levels can be constructed from pre-rendered objects and distributed by [[upload]]ing them to a [[PlayStation]]-specific ''Lemmings'' [[virtual community|online community]].<ref name=gs>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/lemmings-review/1900-6152172/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141210075807/http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/lemmings-review/1900-6152172/ |archive-date=10 December 2014 |title=Lemmings Review |work=[[GameSpot]] |last=Cocker |first=Guy |date=1 June 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=ign>{{cite web|url=https://uk.ign.com/games/lemmings-14292381/psp-748724 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170227013841/http://www.ign.com/games/lemmings-14292381/psp-748724 |archive-date=27 February 2017 |title=Lemmings - PlayStation Portable - IGN |work=[[IGN]] |date=24 April 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> The soundtrack also marks the final video game score created by longtime composer [[Tim Follin]] after he announced his retirement from the industry in mid-2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/playing-catch-up-tim-follin |url-status=live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110508231525/http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/column_index.php?story=6640 | archive-date = 8 May 2011 | title = Playing Catch-Up: Tim Follin | work = [[Gamasutra]] | date = 26 September 2005 | access-date = 10 December 2014 | first = Frank | last = Cifaldi }}</ref> In October 2006 the game was ported by developer Rusty Nutz for the [[PlayStation 2]] with use of the [[EyeToy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ign.com/games/lemmings-14292381/ps2-827509 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150124185620/http://www.ign.com/games/lemmings-14292381/ps2-827509 |archive-date=24 January 2015 |title=Lemmings: PS2 |work=[[IGN]] |access-date=23 January 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The basic change in the concept is that the player must stretch and use their limbs in the recorded picture to aid the lemmings.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.ign.com/articles/2006/05/12/e3-2006-lemmings |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170227014156/http://www.ign.com/articles/2006/05/12/e3-2006-lemmings |archive-date=27 February 2017 |title=E3 2006: Lemmings |work=[[IGN]] |author=Nix |date=12 May 2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Platform
!Released
!Developer
!Publisher
!Note
|-
|[[Atari ST]]
|1991
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[MS-DOS]]
|1991
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[ZX Spectrum]]
|1991
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[PC-98]]
|1991
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Imagineer (Japanese company)|Imagineer]]
|
|-
|[[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]]
|1991
|Presage Software<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presage.com/pLemmings.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19970614014908/http://www.presage.com/pLemmings.html|title=Presage Products - Lemmings|website=Presage Software|archivedate=June 14, 1997|accessdate=January 19, 2025}}</ref>
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]
|1991
|[[Sunsoft]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Lemmings - SNES (PAL) |url=https://lemmings-history-8b7adc.ingress-earth.easywp.com/lemmings-snes-pal/ |website=THE LIFE OF A GAME DEVELOPER |date=3 July 2021 |access-date=15 April 2022 |archive-date=8 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708081116/https://lemmings-history-8b7adc.ingress-earth.easywp.com/lemmings-snes-pal/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[Acorn Archimedes]]
|1991
|Krysalis
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[Commodore 64]]
|1992
|[[E&E Software]]
|
|
|-
|[[CDTV]]
|1992
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[FM Towns]]
|1992
|4000Do Inc.
|[[Imagineer (Japanese company)|Imagineer]]
|
|-
|[[X68000]]
|1992
|BANDIT Inc.
|[[Imagineer (Japanese company)|Imagineer]]
|
|-
|[[NES]]
|1992
|[[Ocean Software]]
|[[Sunsoft]]
|
|-
|[[Game Gear]]
|1992
|[[Probe Software]]
|[[Sega]]
|
|-
|[[Master System]]
|1992
|[[Probe Software]]
|[[Sega]]
|
|-
|[[Amstrad CPC]]
|1992
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[Mega Drive]]
|1992
|[[Sunsoft]]
|[[Sunsoft]]<sup>NA/JP</sup><br />[[Sega]]<sup>PAL</sup>
|
|-
|[[PC Engine]]
|1992
|[[Sunsoft]]
|[[Sunsoft]]
|
|-
|[[3DO Interactive Multiplayer]]
|1993
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]<sup>NA</sup><br />[[Electronic Arts Victor]]<sup>JP</sup>
|
|-
|[[Atari Lynx]]
|1993
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Atari Corporation]]
|
|-
|[[CD-i]]
|1993
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Philips]]
|
|-
|[[SAM Coupé]]
|1993
|Chris White<ref>{{cite web |title=Lemmings {{!}} World of SAM |url=https://www.worldofsam.org/products/lemmings |website=www.worldofsam.org}}</ref>
|Fred Publishing
|
|-
|[[Game Boy]]
|1993
|[[Ocean Software]]
|[[Imagineer (Japanese company)|Imagineer]]
|
|-
|[[Amiga CD32]]
|1994
|[[DMA Design]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|
|-
|[[Windows]]
|1995
|[[Visual Science (game company)|Visual Sciences]]
|[[Psygnosis]]
|rowspan="3"|Bundled with ''[[Oh No! More Lemmings]]''
|-
|[[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]]
|1998
|[[Psygnosis]]
|[[Psygnosis]]<ref>{{cite web |title=LEMMINGS & OH NO MORE LEMMINGS - (PAL) |url=https://psxdatacenter.com/games/P/L/SLES-01461.html |website=PlayStation DataCenter}}</ref>
|-
|[[Game Boy Color]]
|2000
|J-Wing
|[[Take-Two]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Lemmings & Oh No! More Lemmings |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/games/gbc/lemmings_and_oh_no_more_lemmings |website=Nintendo Life |date=19 May 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[J2ME]]
|2005
|[[Glu Mobile|iFone]]
|
|
|}
[[Image:Lemmings Christmas Demo, for Amiga, 1991.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A [[floppy disk]] containing ''Christmas Lemmings'' (1991) for the Amiga]]

===Expansions===
''Lemmings'' received some [[expansion pack]]s following its launch. ''[[Oh No! More Lemmings]]'', originally released for the Amiga in 1991 both as a data disk or standalone game, added five varying difficulties – Tame, Crazy, Wild, Wicked and Havoc – each with 20 new levels.<ref name="OhNo CU Amiga"/> The game also features enhanced graphics and altered sound effects.<ref name="OhNo ST Format"/> The expansion was also ported to Acorn Archimedes, Atari ST, DOS, Macintosh, and SAM Coupé, and the levels were made available with the Game Boy Color, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation and Sega Mega Drive versions of ''Lemmings''.<ref name="OhNo IGN"/><ref name=SAM /> ''Oh No! More Lemmings'' received generally positive reviews. Dan Slingsby of ''[[CU Amiga]]'' found the game addictive, calling the puzzles "ingenious",<ref name="OhNo CU Amiga"/> and Peter Lee of ''[[Amiga Action]]'' praised the quality and difficulty of the levels;<ref name="OhNo Amiga Action"/> Stuart Campbell of ''[[Amiga Power]]'' was disappointed by the lack of fixes from the original game, and Ed Ricketts of ''[[ST Format]]'' criticized the difficulty gradient of the levels and the price of the expansion, but both ultimately gave positive reviews nonetheless.<ref name="OhNo ST Format"/><ref name="OhNo Amiga Power"/>

''Christmas Lemmings'', also known as ''Holiday Lemmings'', was also released as a series of short games released between 1991 and 1994. The gameplay remains unchanged from the base game, which is not required. First released as ''Xmas Lemmings'' as two four-level demos in 1991 and 1992, there were two later full retail releases on the Amiga and Atari ST in 1993 and 1994, both with an additional 32 levels.<ref name="Christmas Eurogamer"/> The games were well-received; Rob Mead of ''[[Amiga Format]]'' described it as "funny, frustrating and incredibly addictive", despite being disappointed by the number of levels,<ref name="Christmas Amiga Format"/> and Will Greenwald of ''[[PC Magazine]]'' ranked it among the best Christmas video games in 2014.<ref name="Christmas PCMag"/>

==Reception==
{{Video game reviews
| state = collapsed
| GR = SNES: 83%<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gamerankings.com/snes/588437-lemmings/index.html |title=Lemmings for Super Nintendo |website=[[GameRankings]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |access-date=26 December 2018}}</ref>
| AAction = Amstrad: 97%<ref name=amstrad/>
| CRASH = Spectrum: 91%<ref name=spectrum>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldofspectrum.org/showmag.cgi?mag=Crash/Issue94/Pages/Crash9400015.jpg |title=Crash issue 94 page 15|work=[[World of Spectrum]] |publisher=[[Crash (magazine)|Crash]] |access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref>
| CVG = Master System: 92%<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Master System Review: Lemmings |magazine=[[Computer and Video Games]] |date=15 November 1992 |issue=133 (December 1992) |page=86 |url=https://retrocdn.net/images/8/87/CVG_UK_133.pdf#page=86}}</ref>
| EGM = Lynx: 6.8/10<ref name="EGM56"/><br />CD-i: 6.25/10<ref name="EGM69"/>
| Fam = Super Famicom: 35/40<ref>{{cite web |title=週刊ファミ通クロスレビュープラチナ殿堂入りソフト一覧 |trans-title=Weekly Famitsu Cross Review Platinum Hall of Fame Software List |url=http://geimin.net/da/db/cross_review/index.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081027205828/http://geimin.net/da/db/cross_review/index.php |website=Geimin |language=ja |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 October 2008 |access-date=24 February 2021 }}</ref>
| IGN = Lynx: 9/10<ref>{{cite web |url=https://uk.ign.com/articles/1999/07/07/lemmings-4 |title=Woohoo! Look at them little lemmings walk... |publisher=IGN Entertainment |author=Robert A. Jung |date=6 July 1999 |access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref>
| MM = SNES: 92%<ref>{{cite magazine|author1=Richard Leadbetter|author2=Rob Bright|url=https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-21/page/56/mode/2up|title=Lemmings|magazine=[[Mean Machines]]|issue=21|date=June 1992|pages=56–58|access-date=December 12, 2024}}</ref>
| YSinclair = Spectrum: 91%<ref name=ysr>{{cite web|url=http://www.ysrnry.co.uk/articles/lemmings.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130505124138/http://www.ysrnry.co.uk/articles/lemmings.htm |archive-date= 5 May 2013 |url-status=dead |title=Lemmings |work=[[Your Sinclair]] |access-date=10 December 2014 }}</ref>
| Z64=97%<ref>Zzap!64 review, [[Newsfield Publications]], issue 102, page 26</ref>
| rev1 = ''[[MegaTech]]''
| rev1Score = Mega Drive: 92%<ref>''[[MegaTech]]'' issue 22 (October 1993), page 100</ref>
| rev2 = ''[[Mega (magazine)|Mega]]''
| rev2Score = Mega Drive: 90%<ref>''[[Mega (magazine)|Mega]]'' issue 2 (November 1992), page 62</ref>
| rev3 = ''[[Commodore Force]]''
| rev3Score = C64: 97%<ref>{{cite magazine |date= November 1993 |title=Lemmings |url=https://archive.org/details/zzap64-magazine-102/page/n26 |magazine=[[Commodore Force]] |location=United Kingdom |publisher=[[Europress Impact]] |access-date=17 October 2019 }}</ref>
| rev4 = ''[[Mikrobitti]]''
| rev4Score = Amiga: 84%<ref name="mikrobitti"/><ref name="pelit"/>
| rev5 = ''[[Pelit|PC-pelit]]''
| rev5Score = DOS: 84%<ref name="pc-pelit"/>
| NGen = 3DO: {{rating|4|5}}<ref name="NGen3">{{cite magazine|title=Lemmings |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=3|date=March 1995|page=88}}</ref>
| award1Pub = ''[[Amstrad Action]]''
| award1 = 2nd-best rated game in the history of the magazine<ref name=amstrad>{{cite web|url=http://retroactionmagazine.com/retroactionextra/amstrad-action-all-time-top-10-games/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121216102004/http://retroactionmagazine.com/retroactionextra/amstrad-action-all-time-top-10-games/ |archive-date=16 December 2012 |title=Amstrad Action All Time Top 10 Games |work=Retroaction |date=8 September 2010 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| award2Pub = ''[[Amiga Power]]''
| award2 = 2nd-best Amiga game of all time (1991)<ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 1991 |title=Amiga Power's All-Time Top 100 Amiga Games |url=https://archive.org/stream/Amiga_Power_Issue_00_1991-05_Future_Publishing_GB#page/n3/mode/2up |magazine=[[Amiga Power]] |pages=5 |access-date=23 December 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409193754/https://archive.org/stream/Amiga_Power_Issue_00_1991-05_Future_Publishing_GB |archive-date=9 April 2016 }}</ref>
| award3Pub = ''[[Mega (magazine)|Mega]]''
| award3 = 23rd-best game of all time (1994)<ref>''[[Mega (magazine)|Mega]]'' issue 26 (November 1994), page 74</ref>
| award4Pub = ''[[Computer Gaming World|CGW]]''
| award4 = 12th-best game of all time (1996)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdaccess.com/html/pc/150best.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724034534/http://www.cdaccess.com/html/pc/150best.htm |archive-date=24 July 2012 |title=150 Best Games of All Time |work=CDAccess |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| award5Pub = ''[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]''
| award5 = 82nd-top game of all time (2007)<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.edge-online.com/features/edges-top-100-games-all-time/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130121231340/http://www.edge-online.com/features/edges-top-100-games-all-time/ |archive-date=21 January 2013 |url-status=dead |title=Edge's Top 100 Games of All time |date=2 July 2007 |access-date=10 December 2014 |magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]] }}</ref>
| award6Pub = ''[[Your Sinclair]]''
| award6 = 20th-top ZX Spectrum game of all time (1993, by readers)<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Readers' Top 100 Games of All Time|magazine=[[Your Sinclair]]|date=September 1993}}</ref>
| award7Pub = ''[[Wirtualna Polska]]''
| award7 = The best Amiga game of all time (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gry.wp.pl/galeria/30-najlepszych-gier-na-amige,179431/31.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416163324/http://gry.wp.pl/galeria/30-najlepszych-gier-na-amige,179431/31.html?ticket=7485108628076817WO4VMCQBDyGkyHjc3rpgtefcb3RJEiB2esav1VORD9TOn2A71%2BqVEpoH0Oz/Ca2qNQInx0Xwiy%2BWoBunggqOoxZzapOf%2BrRGTZbH9aBWDHSobUhh0yFUbhJzdE62FGNiyzbucbMefCbxfFPgRpy4zg%3D%3D |archive-date=16 April 2013 |title=30 najlepszych gier na Amigę |language=pl |work=Wirtualnej Polsce |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| award8Pub = ''[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]''
| award8 = 8th-top game of all time (1996)<ref name=ng>{{cite magazine |date=September 1996 |title=Top 100 Games of all Time |url=https://archive.org/stream/Next-Generation-1996-09/Next%20Generation%201996-09#page/n69/mode/2up |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]] |issue=21 |pages=68 |access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref>
| Allgame = {{Rating|2.5|5}} (NES)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=26575&tab=review |title=Lemmings (NES) Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115045946/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=26575&tab=review |archive-date=15 November 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><br />{{Rating|4|5}} (GG)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=1470&tab=review |title=Lemmings (Game Gear) Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115045312/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=1470&tab=review |archive-date=15 November 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><br />{{Rating|4.5|5}} (SNES)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=154&tab=review |title=Lemmings (SNES) Review |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115005330/http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=154&tab=review |archive-date=15 November 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}

The original sales for ''Lemmings'' on the Amiga topped 55,000 copies on the first day of sales; in comparison, ''Menace'' sold 20,000 copies and ''Blood Money'' sold 40,000 copies cumulatively. With all ports included, Mike Dailly estimated that 15 million copies of ''Lemmings'' were sold between 1991 and 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.javalemmings.com/DMA/DMA4_1.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629021744/http://www.javalemmings.com/DMA/DMA4_1.htm |archive-date=29 June 2012 |title=The Complete History of DMA Design |first=Mike |last=Dailly |publisher=Mike Dailly |year=2006 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=usurped }}</ref> In 2011, Luke Plunkett from ''[[Kotaku]]'' placed the figure at over 20 million,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kotaku.com/5830192/what-do-grand-theft-auto-and-lemmings-have-in-common |title=What do Grand Theft Auto and Lemmings Have In Common? |last=Plunkett |first=Luke |work=[[Kotaku]] |publisher=[[Gawker Media]] |date=12 August 2011 |access-date=26 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427095839/http://kotaku.com/5830192/what-do-grand-theft-auto-and-lemmings-have-in-common |archive-date=27 April 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> a figure which has been quoted as far back as 1997.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=NG Alphas: Gamespotting |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=28  |date=April 1997|page=98}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gremlin.co.uk/press/gremlin/dma.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19980129123455/http://www.gremlin.co.uk/press/gremlin/dma.html|title=Britsoft giant emerges|website=[[Gremlin Interactive]]|archivedate=January 29, 1998|accessdate=April 16, 2024}}</ref>

At the time of its first release, ''Lemmings'' received several high scores from gaming magazines, with only the level of graphics and sound receiving some small amount of criticism.<ref>{{citation| title = Lemmings | publisher = [[ACE (games magazine)|ACE]] |date=April 1991|author =Douglas, Jim}}</ref> David Sears of ''[[Compute!]]'', in his review of ''Lemmings'' for the PC, stated that "perhaps Psygnosis has tapped into the human instinct for survival in formulating this perfect blend of puzzle, strategy, and action."<ref>{{cite news|last=Sears |first=David |title=Lemmings |work=[[Compute!]] |page=106 |date=October 1991 |url=http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue134/106_Lemmings.php |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731141646/http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue134/106_Lemmings.php |archive-date=31 July 2012 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Amiga Computing]]'' stated that "''Lemmings'' is absolutely brilliant. Psygnosis have managed to produce a game that is not only totally original, but also features the kind of addictive gameplay that will keep you coming back for more time and time again."<ref>{{cite news | last = Holborne | first = Jason | title = Lemmings | work = [[Amiga Computing]] | pages = 52–53 |date=May 1991}}</ref> A review from the ''Australian Commodore and Amiga Review'' (''ACAR'') stated that "above all, the concept is simple, and the game is a lot of fun."<ref>{{cite news | last = Cambell | first = Phil | title = Lemmings | work = ACAR | page = 76 |date=April 1991}}</ref> ''[[Computer Gaming World]]'' stated that "Not since ''[[Tetris]]'' has this reviewer been so addicted to, or completely fascinated with, a series of challenging puzzles ... follow the crowd and get ''Lemmings''".<ref name="greenberg199106">{{cite news|url=http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1991&pub=2&id=83 |title=Another Leap Forward |magazine=[[Computer Gaming World]] |date=June 1991 |access-date=10 December 2014 |last=Greenberg |first=Allen L. |pages=56, 58 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203004050/http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1991&pub=2&id=83 |archive-date=3 December 2013 | issue=83}}</ref> In 1992 the magazine named it its Action Game of the Year.<ref name="cgwgoty199211">{{cite news|url=http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1992&pub=2&id=100 |title=CGW Salutes The Games of the Year |magazine=[[Computer Gaming World]] |date=November 1992 |access-date=10 December 2014 |pages=110 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702235552/http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1992&pub=2&id=100 |archive-date=2 July 2014 }}</ref> The game was reviewed in 1991 in ''[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]'' by Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser in "The Role of Computers" column. The reviewers gave the game 5 out of 5 stars.<ref name="Dragon171">{{cite magazine
|title=The Role of Computers|last1=Lesser|last2=Lesser|last3=Lesser|first1=Hartley|first2=Patricia|first3=Kirk|magazine=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]|issue=171|date=July 1991|pages=57–64}}</ref> The Lessers reviewed the [[Classic Mac OS|Macintosh]] version of the game in 1993 in ''Dragon'', also giving that version 5 stars.<ref name="Dragon193">{{cite magazine
|title=The Role of Computers|last1=Lesser|last2=Lesser|last3=Lesser|first1=Hartley|first2=Patricia|first3=Kirk|magazine=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]|issue=193|date=May 1993 |pages=57–63}}</ref>

In the [[Finland|Finnish]] magazine ''[[Mikrobitti]]'', [[Jukka Tapanimäki]] gave the [[Amiga]] and [[MS-DOS|DOS]] versions of ''Lemmings'' 84 points of 100. He praised the game's originality but expressed criticism for it being repetitive.<ref name="mikrobitti">''[[Mikrobitti]]'' magazine #4/1991, p. 57.</ref><ref name="pelit">''[[Pelit]]'' autumn 1991, p. 102.</ref><ref name="pc-pelit">PC-pelit 1991, p. 59.</ref>

In 1994, ''[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]'' complimented the Lynx version's large number of options and password feature, and remarked, "''Lemmings'' has always been a good strategy game, and the Lynx version continues the tradition."<ref name="EGM56">{{cite magazine|title=Review Crew: Lemmings|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=56|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=March 1994|page=42}}</ref> The following year they reviewed the CD-i version, criticising that it has nothing but the obligatory [[full motion video|full-motion video]] intro to set it apart from the numerous ports of the game that had already been released over the past four years.<ref name="EGM69">{{cite magazine|title=Lemmings Review|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=69|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=April 1995|page=40}}</ref> ''[[GamePro]]'' made the same criticisms, commenting that "this former 16-bit puzzler isn't going anywhere new on the CD-i."<ref>{{cite magazine|title=ProReview: Lemmings|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=70 |date=May 1995|page=92}}</ref>

''[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]''{{'}}s review of the 3DO version assessed that "If you've played any version, you've played this one, too, but if you haven't tried it, this is one of the better ones, and it's still one game that's addictive as hell."<ref name="NGen3"/>

In 1996, ''Computer Gaming World'' declared ''Lemmings'' the 12th-best computer game ever released,<ref name=cgw150>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> | title=150 Best (and 50 Worst) Games of All Time | magazine=[[Computer Gaming World]] | date=November 1996 | issue=148 | page=65}}</ref> and that same year, ''Next Generation'' declared it the 8th-greatest game of all time, and "second only to ''Tetris''" in the puzzle genre.<ref name=ng/> In 2004, readers of ''[[Retro Gamer]]'' voted ''Lemmings'' as the 21st-top retro game, with the editors calling it "perhaps Psygnosis' finest hour and a turning point in the puzzle genre."<ref>''Retro Gamer'' 9, page 57.</ref> In 1991, ''[[PC Format]]'' named ''Lemmings'' one of the 50 best computer games ever. The editors wrote, "Yes, we know it sounds stupid, but you will like it – everyone else has."<ref name=pcformat50>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> | magazine=[[PC Format]] | title=The 50 best games EVER! |date=October 1991 | issue=1 | pages=109–111 }}</ref> In 1994, ''[[PC Gamer US]]'' named ''Lemmings'' the 30th-best computer game ever. The editors called it "one of the biggest puzzlers ever released for PC" and "cleaner and less complicated" than its sequel.<ref name=pcgamerustop40>{{cite magazine|author=<!--Not stated--> | magazine=[[PC Gamer US]] | title=''PC Gamer'' Top 40: The Best Games of All Time |date=August 1994 | issue=3 | pages=32–42 }}</ref> That same year, ''[[PC Gamer UK]]'' named it the 25th-best computer game of all time, calling it "a seminal title."<ref name=pcgameruktop50>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> | magazine=[[PC Gamer UK]] | title=The ''PC Gamer'' Top 50 PC Games of All Time |date=April 1994 | issue=5 | pages=43–56 }}</ref>

In 1998, ''[[PC Gamer]]'' declared it the 21st-best computer game ever released, and the editors called it "as fresh and addictive today as it was when it was first released".<ref name=pcgtop50>{{cite magazine|author=<!--Not stated--> | title=The 50 Best Games Ever | date=October 1998 | volume=5 | number=10 | magazine=[[PC Gamer US]] | page=113}}</ref> In 2018, [[Complex Networks|Complex]] listed the game 70th on its "The Best Super Nintendo Games of All Time".<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Best Super Nintendo Games of All Time|url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/the-100-best-super-nintendo-games/|access-date=2022-01-28|website=Complex|language=en}}</ref> In 1995, [[Total!]] ranked the game 81st on their Top 100 SNES Games summarizing: "The game that spawned a dozen imitators is still one of the best platform puzzlers available."<ref>{{Cite journal|date=July 1995|title=Top 100 SNES Games|url=https://archive.org/details/total-43/page/n45/mode/2up|journal=Total!|issue=43|pages=47|access-date=February 25, 2022}}</ref>

==Legacy==
[[File:'Lemmings' (geograph 6299611).jpg|thumb|left|Three bronze lemming statues by Alyson Conway were installed at Seabraes, near DMA Design's original [[Dundee]] offices, in July 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.com/sunday-times-100-tech/hardware-profile/article/four-geeks-meet-and-form-worlds-richest-entertainment-franchise-77vn36fj0pd |title=Four geeks meet — and form world's richest entertainment franchise |first=Marc |last=Horne |date=2 December 2015 |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/dundee/59842/lemmings-find-their-way-home-to-dundee-with-new-seabraes-sculptures/ |title=Lemmings find their way home to Dundee with new Seabraes sculptures |first=Graeme |last=Ogston |date=26 July 2013 |website=[[The Courier (Dundee)|The Courier]]}}</ref>]]
''Lemmings'' inspired [[Lemmings (series)|several further games in the franchise]], including the ''Christmas Lemmings'' short games that were released between 1991 and 1994, and the 1991 expansion ''Oh No! More Lemmings''. Stand-alone sequels were ''[[Lemmings 2: The Tribes]]'' (1993),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.ign.com/games/lemmings-2-the-tribes/pc-8946 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170227020259/http://www.ign.com/games/lemmings-2-the-tribes/pc-8946 |archive-date=27 February 2017 |title=Lemmings 2: The Tribes - PC - IGN |work=[[IGN]] |date=16 August 2013 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[All New World of Lemmings]]'' (1994),<ref name=fox/> ''[[3D Lemmings]]'' (1995)<ref name=paintball/> and ''[[Lemmings Revolution]]'' (2000).<ref name=fox/> By mid-1995, ''Lemmings'' and its sequels had accumulated combined sales of more than 4 million units worldwide.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=75 Power Players|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=11|date=November 1995|page=68}}</ref> Two spin-off games were also made, both in 1996; ''[[Lemmings Paintball]]''<ref name=paintball>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317044719/http://www.gamespot.com/lemmings-paintball/reviews/lemmings-paintball-review-2535685/ |url=http://www.gamespot.com/lemmings-paintball/reviews/lemmings-paintball-review-2535685/ |title=Lemmings Paintball Review |last=Soete |first=Tim |date=23 August 1996 |work=[[GameSpot]] |access-date=26 January 2015 |archive-date=17 March 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> and ''[[The Adventures of Lomax]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/adventures-of-lomax-review/1900-2545991/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150126044950/http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/adventures-of-lomax-review/1900-2545991/ |archive-date=26 January 2015 |title=Adventures of Lomax Review |last=Sterbakov |first=Hugh |date=1 December 1996 |work=[[GameSpot]] |access-date=26 January 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[intellectual property]] (IP) of ''Lemmings'' stayed with the initial publisher Psygnosis, who were acquired by [[Sony Computer Entertainment]] in 1993. Sony gained the IP for ''Lemmings'' from this acquisition; in 2006 a new game also titled ''[[Lemmings (2006 video game)|Lemmings]]'' was released for PlayStation consoles.<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Gary_Cutlack |date=2007-05-10 |title=Lemmings - PS3 Network review |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/lemmings-ps3-network-review/ |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=gamesradar |language=en}}</ref><ref name=kevin>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/lemmings-review/1900-6164476/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141210081532/http://www.gamespot.com/reviews/lemmings-review/1900-6164476/ |archive-date=10 December 2014 |title=Lemmings for PlayStation 3 Review |work=[[GameSpot]] |date=19 January 2007 |access-date=10 December 2014 |first=Kevin |last=Van Ord |url-status=live }}</ref> The next game in the franchise, ''Lemmings Touch'', was developed by [[D3T]] and released in 2014 for [[PlayStation Vita]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://d3tltd.com/projects/lemmings-touch-ip-reboot-and-hd-remake/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170227014348/https://d3tltd.com/projects/lemmings-touch-ip-reboot-and-hd-remake/ |archive-date=27 February 2017 |title=Lemmings Touch – IP Reboot and HD Remake |work=D3T Ltd. |access-date=26 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Sony eventually licensed the rights to [[Exient Entertainment]], who published a mobile game ''Lemmings: The Puzzle Adventure'' in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pocketgamer.biz/news/72151/uk-dev-exient-expands-headcount/ |title=UK dev Exient expands headcount as it focuses on new license deals |last=Forde |first=Matthew |date=13 December 2019 |work=[[Pocket Gamer]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210917234246/https://www.pocketgamer.biz/news/72151/uk-dev-exient-expands-headcount/ |archive-date=17 September 2021 |url-status=live |access-date=17 September 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url = https://blog.eu.playstation.com/2018/12/20/lemmings-comes-to-mobile-devices-today/ | title = Lemmings comes to mobile devices today | first = Serken | last = Hansen | date = 20 December 2018 | access-date = 20 December 2018 | work = [[PlayStation Blog]] }}</ref> Exient produced a 30th anniversary documentary of the history of ''Lemmings'', released in February 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/08/documentary-about-amiga-classic-lemmings-due-for-the-30th-anniversary/ | title = Documentary about Amiga classic Lemmings due for game's 30th anniversary | first = Matt | last = Paprocki | date = 25 August 2021 | access-date = 26 August 2021 | work =[[Ars Technica]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2022-02-14-new-documentary-film-celebrates-30th-anniversary-of-lemmings |title=Two-hour documentary film celebrates 30th anniversary of Lemmings |last=Nightingale |first=Ed |date=14 February 2022 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214152304/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2022-02-14-new-documentary-film-celebrates-30th-anniversary-of-lemmings |archive-date=14 February 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Numerous [[video game clone|clones]] of ''Lemmings'' were made, including ''[[The Humans (video game)|The Humans]]'' (1992) and ''[[Pingus (video game)|Pingus]]'' (1998).<ref>{{cite web |last=Anderson |first=Lee |archive-date=6 December 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041206174427/http://archives.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/12/20/linux.games.idg/index.html |url = http://archives.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/12/20/linux.games.idg/index.html |work=[[CNN]] |title = Top 10 Linux games for the holidays |date=20 December 2000}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://edition.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/12/20/linux.games.idg/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201090819/http://edition.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/12/20/linux.games.idg/index.html | title= Top 10 Linux games for the holidays | work = [[CNN]] | first = Lee | last = Anderson | date = 20 December 2000 |archive-date=1 February 2011 | access-date = 10 December 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Other similar games include ''[[Clones (video game)|Clones]]'' (2009), which was described by the developed as "a multiplayer version of Lemmings".<ref name=clones>{{cite web|last=Zimmerman |first=Conrad |url=http://www.destructoid.com/preview-clones-126300.phtml |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120728124202/http://www.destructoid.com/preview-clones-126300.phtml |archive-date=28 July 2012 |title=Preview: Clones |date=20 March 2009 |work=[[Destructoid]] |access-date=26 January 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> 
Yannick LeJacq of [[Kotaku]], commenting on the 2014 game ''[[MouseCraft]]'' which incorporates elements of ''Lemmings'' and ''[[Tetris]]'', speculated that games like ''Lemmings'' would not be very successful in the current gaming market, as the pace of the game is far too slow to satisfy most players.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kotaku.com/now-i-know-why-lemmings-died-1601913416 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140709212218/http://kotaku.com/now-i-know-why-lemmings-died-1601913416 |archive-date= 9 July 2014 |title=Now I Know Why Lemmings Died |date=9 July 2014 |access-date=10 December 2014 |work=[[Kotaku]] |first=Yannick |last=LeJacq |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2004, Graham Cormode proved that deciding whether it is possible to complete a level of Lemmings is [[NP-hard]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cormode |first1=Graham |title=The hardness of the Lemmings game, or Oh no, more NP-completeness proofs |journal=In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Fun with Algorithms |date=2004 |pages=65–76 |url=http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/~graham/pubs/papers/cormodelemmings.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730064740/http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/~graham/pubs/papers/cormodelemmings.pdf |archive-date=30 July 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Later, Giovanni Viglietta showed that the task is [[PSPACE-complete]], even for levels where there is only one lemming to save.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Viglietta |first1=Giovanni |title=Lemmings Is PSPACE-Complete |journal=Theoretical Computer Science |date=2015 |volume=586 |pages=120–134 |url=http://giovanniviglietta.com/papers/lemmings2.pdf |doi=10.1016/j.tcs.2015.01.055 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812081430/http://giovanniviglietta.com/papers/lemmings2.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2016 |arxiv=1202.6581 |s2cid=1682030 }}</ref>

In 2010, it was announced that ''Lemmings'' would be ported to the [[iOS]] operating system by developer Mobile 1UP,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cultofmac.com/lemmings-coming-to-iphone-ipod-touch-for-free/48457 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724035808/http://www.cultofmac.com/48457/lemmings-coming-to-iphone-ipod-touch-for-free/48457/ |archive-date=24 July 2012 |title=Lemmings Coming to iPhone and iPod Touch For Free! |work=Cult of Mac |last=Bell |first=Killian |date=25 June 2010 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> though [[Sony Computer Entertainment Europe]] later presented them with a [[cease-and-desist]] letter, forcing them to halt development of the port.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.macworld.com/article/1152455/lemmings.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128020945/http://www.macworld.com/article/1152455/lemmings.html |archive-date=28 January 2013 |title=Lemmings iPhone port slapped with cease-and-desist letter |work=[[Macworld]] |last=Glasser |first=AJ |date=1 July 2010 |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Mobile 1UP reworked the game to replace the Lemmings with humans in a prehistoric setting, and instead released the game under the name ''Caveman'' in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://appadvice.com/appnn/2011/04/walks-lemming-talks-lemming-cavemanhd-win-copy-comment |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707005331/http://appadvice.com/appnn/2011/04/walks-lemming-talks-lemming-cavemanhd-win-copy-comment |archive-date= 7 July 2012 |title=If It Walks Like A Lemming And Talks Like A Lemming It Must Be… Caveman? |last=Caplan |first=Lisa |date=13 April 2011 |work=AppAdvice |access-date=10 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Brutal Deluxe, the developer who did the porting of the [[Apple IIGS]] version of ''Lemmings'', has released the port's [[source code]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brutaldeluxe.fr/sourcecode/lemmings.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150725121604/http://brutaldeluxe.fr/sourcecode/lemmings.html |archive-date=25 July 2015 |title=Download the complete source code of the award-winning game from Psygnosis |work=Brutal Deluxe |access-date=7 October 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Lemmings'' has also been called a predecessor of the modern [[real-time strategy]] (RTS) video game genre. A 1991 ''[[Amiga Power]]'' article claimed that ''Lemmings'' "was the first major game to introduce the 'indirect-control' concept," an element that is now common in many RTS games.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Buyers Guide |magazine=[[Amiga Power]] |issue=8 |url=https://archive.org/stream/Amiga_Power_Issue_08_1991-12_Future_Publishing_GB#page/n109/mode/2up |pages=111–112 |date=December 1991 |access-date=25 December 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313225954/https://archive.org/stream/Amiga_Power_Issue_08_1991-12_Future_Publishing_GB |archive-date=13 March 2016 }}</ref> [[Blizzard Entertainment]] developer Bob Fitch said that part of the inspiration for the first ''[[Warcraft]]'' game, ''[[Warcraft: Orcs & Humans]]'', was based on developing a competitive multiplayer RTS that combined elements of ''[[The Lost Vikings]]'' (which he had worked on) and ''Lemmings''; Fitch said "We just went, 'Oh it's so cool when you see lots of Lemmings all over the place. Why don't we have lots of Vikings all over instead, and then the Vikings can fight each other."<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.usgamer.net/articles/warcraft-was-conceived-in-part-thanks-to-lost-vikings-and-lemmings | title = WarCraft Was Originally Conceived in Part as "Lost Vikings Meets RTS"... And Lemmings | first = Kat | last = Bailey | date = 15 August 2017 | access-date = 6 September 2017 | work = [[US Gamer]] | archive-url = https://archive.today/20170906105422/http://www.usgamer.net/articles/warcraft-was-conceived-in-part-thanks-to-lost-vikings-and-lemmings | archive-date = 6 September 2017 | url-status = live | df = dmy-all }}</ref> ''Lemmings''{{'}} introduction of RTS elements has been noted by fantasy author [[Terry Pratchett]]; in his novel ''[[Interesting Times]]'', an [[Terracotta Army|army]] of [[golem]]s is controlled in a fashion reminiscent of the ''Lemmings'' user interface. When readers asked if this was deliberate, Pratchett responded: "Merely because the red army can fight, dig, march and climb and is controlled by little icons? Can't imagine how anyone thought that... Not only did I wipe ''Lemmings'' from my hard disk, I overwrote it so I couldn't get it back."<ref name="Pratchett">{{cite web |url=http://www.lspace.org/books/apf/interesting-times.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120804004433/http://www.lspace.org/books/apf/interesting-times.html |archive-date=4 August 2012 |title=Annotated Pratchett File v 9.0 - Interesting Times |date=1 July 2005 |access-date=10 December 2014 |work=LSpace |first=Leo |last=Breebaart |url-status=dead }}</ref>

''Lemmings'' was one of six games featured in a stamp series issued by the [[Royal Mail]] in 2020 to pay tribute to the United Kingdom's early video game industry.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Alex|first1=Michael|last2=er|title=FEATURE: Iconic Dundee-made video game Lemmings is first class in new Royal Mail postage stamp collection|url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/lifestyle/entertainment/gadgets-games/1079186/feature-iconic-dundee-made-video-game-lemmings-is-first-class-in-new-royal-mail-postage-stamp-collection/|access-date=3 June 2021|website=The Courier|date=15 January 2020 |language=en-GB |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122104046/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/lifestyle/entertainment/gadgets-games/1079186/feature-iconic-dundee-made-video-game-lemmings-is-first-class-in-new-royal-mail-postage-stamp-collection/ |archive-date=22 January 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="OhNo Amiga Action">{{cite magazine |title=Oh No! More Lemmings |page=34 |magazine=[[Amiga Action]] |issue=29 |date=February 1992 |last=Lee |first=Peter |editor-last=White |editor-first=Steve }}</ref>

<ref name="OhNo Amiga Power">{{cite magazine |title=Oh No! More Lemmings |pages=34–35 |magazine=[[Amiga Power]] |issue=9 |date=January 1992 |last=Campbell |first=Stuart |editor-last=Bielby |editor-first=Matt  }}</ref>

<ref name="OhNo CU Amiga">{{cite magazine |title=Oh No! More Lemmings |pages=69–70 |magazine=[[CU Amiga]] |date=February 1992 |last=Slingsby |first=Dan |editor-last=James |editor-first=Steve  }}</ref>

<ref name="OhNo IGN">{{cite web|url=https://ign.com/articles/1998/10/07/lemmings-and-oh-no-more-lemmings-2 |title=Lemmings and Oh No! More Lemmings |last=Perry |first=Douglass |work=[[IGN]] |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]] |date=6 October 1998 |access-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420154754/http://www.ign.com/articles/1998/10/07/lemmings-and-oh-no-more-lemmings-2 |archive-date= 20 April 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="OhNo ST Format">{{cite magazine |title=Oh No! More Lemmings |page=88 |magazine=[[ST Format]] |issue=32 |date=March 1992 |last=Ricketts |first=Ed |editor-last=Peers |editor-first=Nick  }}</ref>

<ref name="Christmas Amiga Format">{{cite magazine |title=Holiday Lemmings |page=101 |magazine=[[Amiga Format]] |issue=55 |date=January 1994 |last=Mead |first=Ed |editor-last=Dyson |editor-first=Marcus  }}</ref>

<ref name="Christmas Eurogamer">{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/the-12-days-of-last-christmas-article |title=The 12 Days of Last Christmas |work=[[Eurogamer]] |publisher=Gamer Network |date=21 December 2007 |access-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407164948/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/the-12-days-of-last-christmas-article |archive-date= 7 April 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Christmas PCMag">{{cite web|url=http://au.pcmag.com/console-games-products/27101/feature/the-best-christmas-video-games-ever |title=The Best Christmas Video Games Ever |last=Greenwald |first=Will |work=[[PC Magazine]]  |date=24 December 2014 |access-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507185259/http://au.pcmag.com/console-games-products/27101/feature/the-best-christmas-video-games-ever |archive-date= 7 May 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|EN-Lemmings(VideoGame).ogg|date=31 May 2009}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Lemmings (video game)}}
* {{moby game|id=/lemmings|name=''Lemmings''}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbAVNKdk9gA ''Lemmings: Can You Dig It?''] documentary by [[Exient Entertainment|Exient]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFJr8JRG4LI They made a soundtrack of copyright-free music], a YouTube video documentary regarding the soundtrack of Lemmings
{{Portal bar|1990s|Mammals|Speculative fiction|Video games}}

{{Lemmings series|state=expanded}}
{{Rockstar North}}
{{Sunsoft}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lemmings (video game)}}
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