Editing Lebanon, Maine

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Lebanon, Maine
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|nickname                 =
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Ole Bull Residence, West Lebanon, ME.jpg
|imagesize                =
|image_caption            = ''Ironwell'', the [[Ole Bull]] residence {{circa|1915}}
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|pushpin_map              = Maine
|pushpin_label            = Lebanon
|image_map                =
|mapsize                  =
|map_caption              =
|image_map1               =
|mapsize1                 =
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Maine]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[York County, Maine|York]]
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = Town Meeting
|leader_title             = 1st Selectman
|leader_name              = Paul Philbrick
|leader_title1            = Selectmen
|leader_name1             = Laura Bragg
|leader_title2            = Selectmen
|leader_name2             = Richard "Chip" Harlow
|established_title        = Incorporated
|established_date         = 1767

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/>
|area_magnitude           =
|area_total_km2           = 144.60
|area_land_km2            = 142.45
|area_water_km2           = 2.15
|area_total_sq_mi         = 55.83
|area_land_sq_mi          = 55.00
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.83

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 6469
|population_density_km2   = 45.4
|population_density_sq_mi =

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      =
|elevation_m              = 140
|elevation_ft             = 459
|coordinates              = {{coord|43|24|12|N|70|55|2|W|region:US-ME|display=inline}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 04027
|area_code                = [[Area code 207|207]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 23-38425
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0582550
|website                  = {{URL|www.lebanon-me.org}}
|footnotes                =
}}
'''Lebanon''' is a town in [[York County, Maine]], United States. The population was 6,469 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2303138425|title=Census - Geography Profile: Lebanon town, York County, Maine|access-date=January 12, 2022}}</ref> Lebanon includes the villages of Center Lebanon, West Lebanon, North Lebanon, South Lebanon, and East Lebanon. It is the westernmost town in [[Maine]]. Lebanon is part of the [[Portland, Maine|Portland]]&ndash;[[South Portland, Maine|South Portland]]&ndash;[[Biddeford, Maine|Biddeford]], Maine [[Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area|metropolitan statistical area]].

==History==
It was called Towwoh by the Newichawannock [[Abenaki]] tribe, whose main village was further down the [[Salmon Falls River]]. On April 20, 1733, the [[Massachusetts General Court]] granted Towwoh Plantation to 60 colonists, who first settled it in 1743. The township was incorporated on June 17, 1767, renamed Lebanon after the biblical land of [[Lebanon]]. It was Maine's 23rd town. Lebanon annexed unincorporated land in 1785, and some from [[Sanford, Maine|Sanford]] in 1787. It swapped land with [[Shapleigh, Maine|Shapleigh]], giving some in 1793, then annexing some in 1825.<ref name=Coolidge>{{Cite book  | last = Coolidge  | first = Austin J.|author2=John B. Mansfield   | title = A History and Description of New England| publisher = A.J. Coolidge  | year = 1859| location = Boston, Massachusetts| pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ/page/n219 185]–186| url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ| quote = coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859.  }}</ref>

[[Farmer]]s found the surface of the town relatively level in the southeast, with extensive pine plains in the northwest. The chief crop would be [[hay]]. At the Salmon Falls River and the [[Little River (Salmon Falls River)|Little River]] were [[water power]] sites for [[watermill|mills]]. Lebanon had four [[sawmill]]s, three [[gristmill]]s, a [[roof shingle|shingle]] mill, a [[wool]] [[carding]] mill and a [[Tanning (leather)|tannery]]. In 1850, [[Oren B. Cheney]] founded West Lebanon Academy. Beginning in the early 1870s, the [[Portland and Rochester Railroad]] ran the length of the town's southeast side, with the [[Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad]] crossing for a short distance on the western side.<ref>{{Citation
  | last = Varney
  | first = George J.
  | title = Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Lebanon
  | place = Boston
  | publisher = Russell
  | year = 1886
  | url = http://history.rays-place.com/me/lebanon-me.htm
  | access-date = April 9, 2008
  | archive-date = April 7, 2016
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160407094746/http://history.rays-place.com/me/lebanon-me.htm
  | url-status = dead
  }}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|55.83|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|55.00|sqmi|sqkm|2}}  is land and {{convert|0.83|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220032143/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|archive-date=December 20, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lebanon is drained by the Little River and [[Salmon Falls River]]. The town's highest point is Prospect Hill, at an elevation of 880 feet (268 m) above sea level. The lowest elevation borders the Salmon Falls River, on the town's southernmost boundary, which is approximately 170 feet (52 m) above sea level.

The town is crossed by [[U.S. Route 202 in Maine|U.S. Route 202]] and State Route [[Maine State Route 11|11]]. It borders the towns of [[Acton, Maine|Acton]] to the north, [[Sanford, Maine|Sanford]] to the east, [[Berwick, Maine|Berwick]] and [[North Berwick, Maine|North Berwick]] to the southeast, and the [[New Hampshire]] towns of [[Milton, New Hampshire|Milton]] and [[Rochester, New Hampshire|Rochester]] to the west.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1790 = 1296
| 1800 = 1657
| 1810 = 1938
| 1820 = 2223
| 1830 = 2391
| 1840 = 2273
| 1850 = 2208
| 1860 = 2040
| 1870 = 1953
| 1880 = 1601
| 1890 = 1263
| 1900 = 1335
| 1910 = 1316
| 1920 = 1192
| 1930 = 1148
| 1940 = 1452
| 1950 = 1499
| 1960 = 1534
| 1970 = 1983
| 1980 = 3234
| 1990 = 4263
| 2000 = 5083
| 2010 = 6031
| 2020 = 6469
| footnote = <ref>{{Cite web |last=Forstall |first=Richard L. |date=March 27, 1995 |title=MAINE Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/cencounts/files/me190090.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926135604/https://www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/cencounts/files/me190090.txt |archive-date=September 26, 2008 |website=census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid%3DDEC_10_PL_QTPL%26prodType%3Dtable |title=American FactFinder |accessdate=April 20, 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520164400/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_QTPL&prodType=table |archivedate=May 20, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|title=University of Virginia Library|website=mapserver.lib.virginia.edu}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 16, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 6,031 people, 2,204 households, and 1,679 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|109.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,540 housing units at an average density of {{convert|46.2|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 97.1% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.8% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.9% of the population.

There were 2,204 households, of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 23.8% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.05.

The median age in the town was 39.3 years. 25.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.8% were from 25 to 44; 31% were from 45 to 64; and 10.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.5% male and 49.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 5,083 people, 1,823 households, and 1,405 families living in the town. The population density was {{convert|92.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,090 housing units at an average density of {{convert|38.2|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 98.49% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.31% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.28% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.26% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.08% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.59% from two or more races. 0.63% of the population were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 1,823 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 17.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $40,021, and the median income for a family was $41,713. Males had a median income of $33,551 versus $22,292 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $15,503. 10.4% of the population and 8.8% of families were below the [[poverty line]]. Out of the total population, 12.9% of those under the age of 18 and 7.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

==Education==

Lebanon is part of [[Maine School Administrative District 60|MSAD60/RSU 60]]. Audra Beauvais is the Superintendent of Schools.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.rsu60.org|title=MSAD/RSU #60|publisher= Maine School Administrative District #60|accessdate=June 18, 2022}}</ref>

Lebanon has two schools, Lebanon Elementary School (grades 4–5) and Hanson School (grades K–3).

== Notable people ==
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· The article must mention how they are associated with Lebanon, whether born, raised, or residing.
· The fact of their association should have a reliable source cited.
· Alphabetical by last name please.
· All others will be deleted.
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* [[Ole Bull]], violinist and composer (summer resident)
* [[Oren B. Cheney]], clergyman, abolitionist, founded [[Bates College]]
* [[Claudius B. Grant]], Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court
* [[Elihu B. Hayes]], manufacturer, newspaper owner and politician
* [[Charles Coffin Jewett]], superintendent of the Boston Public Library
* [[Sumner Increase Kimball]], organized the [[United States Life-Saving Service]]
* [[Charles E. Littlefield]], US congressman

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516193334/http://www.lebanon-me.org/Public_Documents/index Town of Lebanon, Maine]
* [http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-displaylibrary.pl?RC=19409 Lebanon Area Library]
* [http://ourvoice.stadig.org OurVoice – Citizens for a Better Lebanon – Community News & Government Info]
* [http://www.city-data.com/city/Lebanon-Maine.html City Data Profile]
* [http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=2189 Epodunk Town Profile]
* [http://www.mainegenealogy.net/individual_place_record.asp?place=lebanon Maine Genealogy: Lebanon, York County, Maine]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = Lebanon
 | North = [[Acton, Maine|Acton]]
 | Northeast = [[Sanford, Maine|Sanford]]
 | East = 
 | Southeast = [[North Berwick, Maine|North Berwick]]
 | South = [[Berwick, Maine|Berwick]]
 | Southwest = [[Rochester, New Hampshire]]
 | West = [[Milton, New Hampshire]]
 | Northwest = [[Milton, New Hampshire]]
}}

{{York County, Maine}}

{{Coord|43|23|40|N|70|51|03|W|type:city_region:US-ME|display=title}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places established in 1767]]
[[Category:Portland metropolitan area, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in York County, Maine]]
[[Category:Towns in Maine]]
[[Category:1767 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies]]