Editing Lebanon, Kansas

{{Short description|City in Smith County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Lebanon, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Lebanon, KS.jpg
|image_caption            = Visitor center (2019)
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Smith_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Lebanon_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Smith County, Kansas|Smith County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Smith Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Smith County, Kansas|Smith County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|39|48|37|N|98|33|26|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Smith County, Kansas|Smith]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1875
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1889
|named_for                = [[Lebanon, Kentucky]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.32
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.32
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 0.84
|area_land_km2            = 0.84
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1844

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 178
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = −6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = −5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]
|postal_code              = 66952
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 785|785]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-39100
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 2395665<ref name="GNIS">{{GNIS|2395665}}</ref>
|website                  =
}}

'''Lebanon''' is a city in [[Smith County, Kansas|Smith County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 178.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Lebanon, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2039100 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=March 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323235735/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2039100 |archive-date=March 23, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
Lebanon was founded in 1876 at a site about {{convert|4|mi}} distant from its present site. It was moved to the new site in about 1887–1888. Lebanon is named after [[Lebanon, Kentucky]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5zdAAQAAMAAJ | title=Biennial Report of the Board of Directors of the Kansas State Historical Society | publisher=Kansas State Printing Plant | author=Kansas State Historical Society | year=1916 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5zdAAQAAMAAJ/page/n408 301]}}</ref>

In 1918, a scientific survey established the [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States|geographic center of the 48 contiguous US states]] about {{convert|2.6|mi|km}} northwest of Lebanon, and a monument was subsequently erected at the site.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clui.org/clui_4_1/lotl/lotlsp99/geo.html |title=CLUI - Newsletter |access-date=2006-06-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060825230502/http://www.clui.org/clui_4_1/lotl/lotlsp99/geo.html |archive-date=2006-08-25 }}</ref>  The [[Geographic center of the United States|geographic center of all 50 of the US states]] is located near [[Belle Fourche, South Dakota]].

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.316|sqmi|sqkm|3}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=Places - Kansas |series=2015 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2015_Gazetteer/2015_gaz_place_20.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2016-03-08}}</ref>  On February 13, 1905, the temperature fell to -40&nbsp;°F (-40&nbsp;°C), the lowest minimum temperature ever recorded in Kansas.

==Area attractions==
* [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States]]
* Kansas Historical Marker – The Geographic Center<ref>[http://media.kansas.com/smedia/2011/02/13/13/021311center_8964.slideshow_main.prod_affiliate.80.jpg Kansas Historical Marker - The Geographic Center]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1890= 301
|1900= 590
|1910= 731
|1920= 822
|1930= 723
|1940= 652
|1950= 610
|1960= 583
|1970= 517
|1980= 440
|1990= 364
|2000= 303
|2010= 218
|2020= 178
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
[[File:48states plaque.jpg|thumb|upright|Plaque on Monument near Lebanon (2007)]]

===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 178 people, 102 households, and 50 families in Lebanon.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansasp16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 552.8 per square mile (213.4/km{{sup|2}}). There were 139 housing units at an average density of 431.7 per square mile (166.7/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 93.26% (166) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (90.45% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 1.69% (3) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 0.56% (1) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], and 4.49% (8) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 2.81% (5) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 102 households, 16.7% had children under the age of 18; 37.3% were married couples living together; 29.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 47.1% of households consisted of individuals and 27.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.1 and the average family size was 2.5.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 18.5% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

14.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 14.0% from 25 to 44, 35.4% from 45 to 64, and 31.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 58.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.0 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 105.4 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $33,333 (with a margin of error of +/- $9,864) and the median family income was $46,250 (+/- $21,160).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $31,406 (+/- $9,257) versus $28,750 (+/- $4,818) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $30,313 (+/- $3,703).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 9.1% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 60.6% of those under the age of 18 and 7.2% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Lebanon%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 218 people, 118 households, and 60 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|681.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 183 housing units at an average density of {{convert|571.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.5% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.5% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 3.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.2% of the population.

There were 118 households, of which 16.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 49.2% were non-families. 46.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.85 and the average family size was 2.62.

The median age in the city was 51.3 years. 17.4% of residents were under 18; 2.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.8% were from 25 to 44; 40.8% were from 45 to 64; and 24.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 303 people, 151 households, and 91 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|955.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 204 housing units at an average density of {{convert|643.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 99.01% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.33% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 0.66% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.32% of the population.

There were 151 households, out of which 15.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.1% were non-families. 35.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.01 and the average family size was 2.57.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 15.8% under 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 21.5% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 33.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $23,056, and the median income for a family was $28,846. Males had a median income of $22,750 versus $13,250 for females. The [[per capita income]] was $12,245. About 13.2% of families and 22.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 33.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 5.5% of those 65 or over.

===Rural flight===
[[File:May 27, 2013, Lebanon, Kansas, tornado damage.jpg|thumb|Tornado damage in [[Tornado outbreak of May 26–31, 2013|late May 2013]]]]
On October 2, 2006, Lebanon was the focus of a study of [[Rural exodus|rural flight]], as local farmer Randall Warner was featured in a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' story about the problems faced by communities such as Lebanon.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/02/us/02album.html?th&emc=th A Farmer Fears His Way of Life Has Dwindled Down to a Final Generation], [[The New York Times]], 2006-10-02.  Accessed 2006-10-02.</ref>

==Government==
The Lebanon government consists of a mayor and five council members. The council meets the second Tuesday of each month at 7 p.m., at City Hall, 404 Main St.<ref name="gov1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=317|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022043630/http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=317|url-status=dead|title=Lebanon - Directory of Public Officials|archive-date=October 22, 2010}}</ref>

==Education==
The community is served by Smith Center USD 237 public school district.<ref>{{cite web | title = Smith Center USD 237| publisher = USD 237| url = http://www.usd237.org/| access-date = 7 January 2017}}</ref>

Lebanon schools were closed through school unification. The Lebanon Bronchos (or Broncos)<ref>"Lebanon Overtime Win Over Sylvan", The Belleville Telescope, 7 December 1978, p.6.</ref> won the [[Kansas State High School Activities Association|Kansas State High School]] boys 1A basketball championship in 1977.<ref>{{cite web | title = Basketball | publisher = KSHSAA | url = http://www.kshsaa.org/Public/Basketball/History.cfm | access-date = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
===Books===
Lebanon is featured as an important plot point in the [[Neil Gaiman]] fantasy book, [[American Gods]]. 

===Film===
The documentary ''The Return of the Buffalo: Restoring the Great American Prairie'' details the story and history of Lebanon amongst other [[Great Plains]] villages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1846788/|title=The Return of the Buffalo: Restoring the Great American Prairie|date=2022-03-08|website=IMDB}}</ref>

===Television===
During [[Super Bowl LV]], [[Jeep]] aired an ad featuring [[Bruce Springsteen]] lighting a candle at a chapel in Lebanon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/nfl-super-bowl-football-coronavirus-pandemic-daveed-diggs-9e06ffa55bde790680847c2d8f72f479|title=The Latest: Robinhood's ad emerges from the time capsule|date=April 20, 2021|website=AP NEWS}}</ref>

Lebanon is featured prominently in Seasons 8-15 of [[The CW]]'s long-running fantasy series ''[[Supernatural (U.S. TV series)|Supernatural]]'', introduced as the location of a secret Men of Letters bunker that Sam and Dean Winchester begin using as their primary base of operations. It is implied that the bunker was built in Lebanon due to the town's proximity to the geographic center of the contiguous United States.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Smith County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Smith County, Kansas}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260823 Lebanon - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.usd237.org/ USD 237], local school district
* [http://www.kansastravel.org/geographicalcenter.htm Geographical Center of the Continental United States]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060825230502/http://www.clui.org/clui_4_1/lotl/lotlsp99/geo.html An explanation of how the Geographical Center was identified]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/lebanon.PDF Lebanon city map], KDOT

{{Smith County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Smith County, Kansas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1876]]
[[Category:1876 establishments in Kansas]]