Editing Laurium, Michigan

{{More citations needed|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Laurium, Michigan
|settlement_type          = [[Village (United States)|Village]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = LauriumMichiganDowntown.jpg
|imagesize                = 275
|image_caption            = Downtown Laurium
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|pushpin_map            = Michigan
|pushpin_label          = Laurium
|pushpin_label_position = left <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location within the state of Michigan
|image_map = Laurium, MI location2.png
|mapsize                  = 250
|map_caption              = Location within [[Houghton County, Michigan|Houghton County]]
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Michigan]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Michigan|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Houghton County, Michigan|Houghton]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[Charter township|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        = [[Calumet Charter Township, Michigan|Calumet]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = [[Town council|Village council]]
|leader_title             = President
|leader_name              = John Sullivan 
|leader_title1            = Village Manager 
|leader_name1             = Ian Lewis 
|established_title        = Incorporated
|established_date         = 1889 (as Calumet)<br>1895 (as Laurium)

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_26.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 21, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 1.68
|area_land_km2            = 1.68
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.65
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.65
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1864
|population_density_km2   = 1108.40
|population_density_sq_mi = 2872.11

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_m              = 
|elevation_ft             = 1237
|coordinates              = {{coord|47|14|14|N|88|26|24|W|region:US-MI|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code|ZIP code(s)]]
|postal_code              = 49913 ([[Calumet, Michigan|Calumet]])
|area_code                = [[Area code 906|906]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 26-46360<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0630196<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|630196}}</ref>
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
|website = {{URL|http://www.laurium.net|Official website}}
{{Infobox NRHP
| embed        = yes
| name         = Laurium Historic District
| nrhp_type    = hd
| nocat        = yes
| image        =
| caption      =
| location     = Roughly bounded by Calumet, Stable, N. Florida, and Isle Royale Sts., Laurium, Michigan
| coordinates  = {{coord|47|14|10|N|88|26|26|W|display=inline}}
| locmapin     =
| area         =
| built        = 1877
| architect    = Paul Roehm, et al.
| architecture = Late Victorian, Homestead-temple house
| added        = January 31, 2005
| refnum       = 04001578<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref>
}}
}}
'''Laurium''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ɔ:|r|i|ə|m}}; {{respell|LAW|ri|um}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|e:||ɹ|i|ə|m}} {{respell|LAIR|i|um}}) is a village in [[Calumet Township, Michigan|Calumet Township]], [[Houghton County, Michigan|Houghton County]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]], in the center of the [[Keweenaw Peninsula]].  The population was 1,977 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].

The village is mostly surrounded by Calumet Township, with a small portion bordering [[Schoolcraft Township, Houghton County, Michigan|Schoolcraft Township]] on the east.  The portion of Calumet Township south of Laurium is considered part of the Florida (or Florida Location) unincorporated community.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/kewe/learn/management/upload/Houghton-County-North.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107191515/https://www.nps.gov/kewe/learn/management/upload/Houghton-County-North.pdf |archive-date=November 7, 2016 |url-status=live|title=Copper Country Survey Phase III|date=2012|website=National Park Service|access-date=June 6, 2019}}</ref>

==History==
[[Image:2009-0617-GippMemorial-Laurium.jpg|left|thumb|George Gipp Memorial]]
Until 1895, Laurium was known as "Calumet" (not to be confused with the present nearby town of [[Calumet, Michigan|Calumet]], [[Michigan]], which was known as "Red Jacket" until it adopted the name Calumet in 1929). In 1895 the legislature changed Calumet's name to [[Laurium]], after the famous mining town in ancient [[Greece]]. Laurium is located in the center of the [[Copper Country]], the first major copper mining region in the United States. It was founded as a [[company town]] serving the Laurium copper mine, which later became part of the [[Calumet and Hecla Mining Company|Calumet & Hecla]] mine. The town was generally home to the wealthier members of Keweenaw society, such as mine owners and captains. Although the mines have long since closed, the town still sports many large houses and mansions built by the wealthy mine owners. Today, many of the houses are participating locations in the Keweenaw National Historical Park.

The population in 1900 was 5643, of whom 2286 were foreign-born.

Noted 20th-century [[American football|football]] player [[George Gipp]] ("the Gipper") was born in Laurium. A small memorial to the football legend is located on the corner of Lake Linden Avenue and Tamarack Street and his grave is in nearby Lake View Cemetery.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/10/11/gipper.exhumed.ap/index.html |title=Family digs up 'The Gipper' - CNN.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309111226/http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/10/11/gipper.exhumed.ap/index.html |archive-date=March 9, 2008 }}</ref>

The [[Palestra (Michigan)|Palestra]] was a noted hockey arena, built in Laurium in 1904. It is thought to have been the first purpose-built indoor hockey venue in the United States. In 1921, the entire arena was moved to [[Marquette, Michigan|Marquette]], Michigan, and remained there until being razed in 1974.

==Laurium Historic District==
[[Image:Laurium Historic District Laurium MI 2009b.jpg|left|thumb|House]]
[[Image:Laurium Historic District Laurium MI 2009c.jpg|left|thumb|Streetscape]]
[[Image:Laurium Historic District Laurium MI 2009d.jpg|left|thumb|Streetscape]]
[[Image:Laurium Historic District Laurium MI 2009e.jpg|left|thumb|Streetscape on Pewabic Street]]
In 2005, the Laurium Historic District was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name = "nris"/>  The district is roughly bounded by Calumet Street on the west and south, Stable Street on the north, and North Florida and Isle Royale Streets on the east.  This area contains the entire village of Laurium save two areas added in the 1970s.<ref name = "khp">[http://www.nps.gov/kewe/parknews/laurium-historic-district.htm Recognition of Laurium Historic District] from the National Park Service [[Keweenaw National Historical Park]], posted May 4, 2006, retrieved 8/24/09</ref>

The vast majority of the structures in Laurium were constructed during the 35 years between 1880 and 1915, and the common architectural styles in the village reflect what was popular at the time.<ref name = "nom"/>

Over 90% of the structures in the historic district are residential in nature, and most of those are single-family houses.<ref name="nom">[http://www.laurium.info/Laurium/laurium-national-register-historic-places.pdf National Register Nomination form] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520034933/http://laurium.info/Laurium/laurium-national-register-historic-places.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070722062940/http://www.laurium.info/Laurium/laurium-national-register-historic-places.pdf |archive-date=July 22, 2007 |url-status=live |date=May 20, 2011 }}</ref>  Probably the grandest of these is the [[Thomas H. Hoatson House]] (now known as the Laurium Manor Inn), a large [[Classical Revival]] style house.<ref name = "nom"/>  The most common houses are more modest in scale and ornamentation, with two-story front-gabled houses of predominantly frame construction being the most common.<ref name = "nom"/>

Five churches and two schools are spread through the community, and most commercial structures are near the intersection of Hecla and Third Streets; this includes the [[J. Vivian, Jr. and Company Building]], which is separately listed on the National Register.<ref name = "nom"/>  These buildings are often constructed of brick and/or sandstone.<ref name = "nom"/>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|0.65|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 25, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref>

==Demographics==

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 25, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,977 people, 814 households, and 491 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3041.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,059 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1629.2|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the village was 96.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.7% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.7% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.4% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.5% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 814 households, of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.7% were non-families. 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.19.

The median age in the village was 38.1 years. 27.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.2% were from 25 to 44; 27% were from 45 to 64; and 15.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,126 people, 897 households, and 540 families residing in the village.  The population density was {{convert|3,163.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,082 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,610.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the village was 98.12% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.24% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.61% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.19% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.19% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.61% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.52% of the population. 38.9% were of [[Finnish people|Finnish]], 9.6% [[Germans|German]], 9.1% [[Italian people|Italian]], 7.5% [[French people|French]] and 7.2% [[English people|English]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]].
{{US Census population
|1890= 1159
|1900= 5643
|1910= 8537
|1920= 6606
|1930= 4916
|1940= 3929
|1950= 3211
|1960= 3058
|1970= 2868
|1980= 2678
|1990= 2268
|2000= 2126
|2010= 1977
|2020= 1864
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
There were 897 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.7% were non-families. 37.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 20.1% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,404, and the median income for a family was $40,556. Males had a median income of $28,571 versus $23,824 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $16,686.  About 8.8% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.6% of those under age 18 and 14.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The Calumet-Laurium-Keweenaw (C-L-K) School District, established in 1867, remains one of the most populous school districts in the area. It serves the two towns named, as well as almost all of [[Keweenaw County, Michigan|Keweenaw County]].

==Notable people==
* [[George Gipp]] - University of Notre Dame football star
* [[Percy Ross]] - philanthropist, newspaper columnist
* [[James Quello]] - FCC Commissioner and broadcast pioneer

==Images==
<gallery>
File:LauriumMichiganSign.jpg|Welcome to Laurium Sign
File:LauriumMichiganPark.jpg|George Gipp Park, known to the locals as the Bicentennial 
File:Victorian Hall in winter.JPG|Victorian Hall in winter
File:Private residence in Laurium, Michigan in winter.JPG|Private residence in winter
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.laurium.net Laurium official website]
*[http://www.nps.gov/kewe/index.htm Keweenaw National Historical Park Website]

{{Houghton County, Michigan}}
{{National Register of Historic Places listings in Houghton County, Michigan}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Houghton County, Michigan]]
[[Category:Villages in Michigan]]
[[Category:Houghton micropolitan area, Michigan]]
[[Category:Company towns in Michigan]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1889]]
[[Category:1889 establishments in Michigan]]