Editing Langston, Oklahoma

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Langston, Oklahoma
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = 
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = OKMap-doton-Langston.PNG
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Langston, Oklahoma
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Oklahoma]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Oklahoma|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Logan County, Oklahoma|Logan]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = Mayor
|leader_name              = Michael Boyles
|leader_title1            = Town Administrator
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref  = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 32.12
|area_land_km2            = 31.06
|area_water_km2           = 1.06
|area_total_sq_mi         = 12.40
|area_land_sq_mi          = 11.99
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.41

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1619
|population_density_km2   = 52.12
|population_density_sq_mi = 135.00

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 955
|coordinates              = {{coord|35|56|21|N|97|15|28|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 73050
|area_code                = [[Area codes 405 and 572|405/572]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 40-41550<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2412877<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2412877}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|cityoflangston.com}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
}}
'''Langston''' is a town in [[Logan County, Oklahoma]], United States, and is part of the [[Oklahoma City metropolitan area]]. The population was 1,619 as of the [[2020 United States census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://www.census.gov/search-results.html?searchType=web&cssp=SERP&q=Langston%20town,%20Oklahoma |title=Langston (town), Oklahoma|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2024}}</ref>  Langston is home to [[Langston University]], the only [[historically black college]] in Oklahoma.

==History==
Langston was founded on April 22, 1890, by [[Edward P. McCabe]], a Black American political figure from [[Kansas]]. McCabe helped lead a migration of black settlers from southern U.S. states who hoped to escape discrimination by creating a majority-black state in what was then the [[Oklahoma Territory|Territory of Oklahoma]].{{efn|McCabe founded of the ''[[Langston City Herald]]'' newspaper in October 1890.<ref name="EOHC-Langston"/>}} He named the town for [[John Mercer Langston]], a black member of the [[51st United States Congress]] from Virginia.<ref name="EOHC-Langston">[http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=LA020 Larry O'Dell, "Langston," ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''.] Accessed May 30, 2015.</ref>{{efn|The townsite was actually owned by a white man, Charles Robbins, who surveyed and filed a plat in 1891. The ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'' asserts that the two men collaborated in promoting the town.<ref name="EOHC-Langston"/>}} McCabe used traveling salesmen and African-American newspapers to advertise lots for sale in Langston, and the deeds which accompanied the sale of these lots stipulated that their re-sale could only be to other African-Americans.<ref name="Rummel">{{cite book
 | last = Rummel
 | first = Jack
 | title = African-American Social Leaders and Activists
 | publisher = Jack Rummel
 | year = 2003
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Uw40_NncqkMC&q=Langston%2C%20Oklahoma&pg=PP1
 | isbn = 9781438107820
 }}
</ref>

Langston was an [[List of Freedmen's towns#Oklahoma|all black town]], one of fifty identifiable black towns and settlements created in Oklahoma between 1865 and 1920.<ref>[https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entryname=ALL-BLACK%20TOWNS Oklahoma Historical Society. "All Black Towns" retrieved May 29, 2021.]</ref>

By 1891, Langston had a population of 200, which included a preacher, doctor, and schoolteacher.<ref name="Rummel"/> By 1892, the town had 25 businesses, with a bank and a public school. A Roman Catholic mission was established in 1893 by Bishop [[Theophile Meerschaert]] and the Benedictine Sisters. The town had a telephone system in service in 1895. In 1897, the Oklahoma Territorial Legislature passed a law creating the Colored Agricultural and Normal University at Langston (which later became [[Langston University]]).<ref name="EOHC-Langston"/>

==Geography==
Langston is {{convert|11|mi|0}} northeast of [[Guthrie, Oklahoma|Guthrie]], the Logan County seat, on [[Oklahoma State Highway 33|State Highway 33]].<ref name="EOHC-Langston"/>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|1.9|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1900= 251
|1910= 339
|1920= 259
|1930= 351
|1940= 514
|1950= 685
|1960= 136
|1970= 486
|1980= 443
|1990= 1471
|2000= 1670
|2010= 1724
|2020= 1619
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Langston town, Oklahoma – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Langston town, Oklahoma|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4041550&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Langston town, Oklahoma|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4041550&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|44
|style='background: #ffffe6; |154
|2.55%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |9.51%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|1,592
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,259
|92.34%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |77.76%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|13
|style='background: #ffffe6; |81
|0.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.00%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|7
|style='background: #ffffe6; |12
|0.41%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.74%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|2
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2
|0.12%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.12%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|1
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.12%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|30
|style='background: #ffffe6; |67
|1.74%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.14%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|35
|style='background: #ffffe6; |42
|2.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.59%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''1,724'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''1,619'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,670 people, 199 households, and 92 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|896.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 246 housing units at an average density of {{convert|132.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 3.29% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 93.29% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.26% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.24% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.92% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.32% of the population.

There were 199 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 16.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 27.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 53.3% were non-families. 37.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 7.6% under the age of 18, 75.3% from 18 to 24, 8.4% from 25 to 44, 4.9% from 45 to 64, and 3.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $14,722, and the median income for a family was $26,042. Males had a median income of $23,750 versus $20,417 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $17,602. About 23.5% of families and 33.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 26.1% of those under age 18 and 40.0% of those age 65 or over.

===Politics===
In the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential election]], the city gave over 90% of the vote to the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidate [[Hillary Clinton]]. Despite Logan County voting over 70% for Republican [[Donald Trump]], the heavy black majority in Langston carried the city for Clinton.  [[Gary Johnson]] received more votes than Donald Trump in the precinct containing Langston University.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oklahomawatch.org/2016/11/09/how-oklahoma-voted-interactive-maps-with-precinct-level-results/|title = How Oklahoma Voted: Interactive Maps with Precinct-Level Results|date = November 9, 2016}}</ref>

===Historic sites===
(Main article:  [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Logan County, Oklahoma]])

Langston has three NRHP-registered sites, being the Langston University Cottage Row Historic District at the southwest corner of the Langston campus, the Morris House at 221 Tolson Blvd., and the Ozark Trails-Indian Meridian Obelisk at the junction of Logan and East Washington avenues.

==See also==
{{Portal|Oklahoma}}
*[[Boley, Oklahoma|Boley]], [[Brooksville, Oklahoma|Brooksville]], [[Clearview, Oklahoma|Clearview]], [[Grayson, Oklahoma|Grayson]], [[Lima, Oklahoma|Lima]], [[Redbird, Oklahoma|Redbird]], [[Rentiesville]], [[Summit, Oklahoma|Summit]], [[Taft, Oklahoma|Taft]], [[Tatums, Oklahoma|Tatums]], [[Tullahassee, Oklahoma|Tullahassee]], and [[Vernon, Oklahoma|Vernon]], other "All-Black" settlements that were part of the [[Land Run of 1889]].<ref name="eohc">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AL009.html |title=All-Black Towns |first=Larry |last=O'Dell |publisher=[[Oklahoma Historical Society]] |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture |access-date=August 19, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103020841/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AL009.html |archive-date=November 3, 2012 }}</ref>
*[[Langston University]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
<references />

==External links==
*{{Official website|cityoflangston.com}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20021118024238/http://www.kancoll.org/khq/1974/74_3_dann.htm From Sodom to the Promised Land: E.P. McCabe and the Movement for Oklahoma Colonization]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121103020841/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AL009.html All-Black Towns in Oklahoma] from the [[Oklahoma Historical Society]]
* [http://gateway.okhistory.org/search/?fq=untl_collection%3ALANGHD ''Langston City Herald'' newspaper]  hosted by the [http://gateway.okhistory.org/ Gateway to Oklahoma History]

{{Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area}}
{{Logan County, Oklahoma}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Oklahoma City metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Towns in Logan County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Towns in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1890]]
[[Category:Populated places in Oklahoma established by African Americans]]