Editing Lancaster, Wisconsin

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Lancaster, Wisconsin
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
| nickname                 = City of the Dome
| motto                    = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline            = Lancaster, Wisconsin City Hall.jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = [[Lancaster Municipal Building (Lancaster, Wisconsin)|Lancaster City Hall]]
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map                = File:Grant County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Lancaster Highlighted.svg
| mapsize                  = 
| map_caption              = Location of Lancaster in Grant County, Wisconsin.
| pushpin_map              = Wisconsin#USA
| pushpin_label            = Lancaster
| pushpin_relief           = yes <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = {{flag|Wisconsin}}
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Wisconsin|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Grant County, Wisconsin|Grant]]

<!-- Government -->| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title              = 
| leader_name              = 
| leader_title1            = 
| leader_name1             = 
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_55.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 7.80
| area_land_km2            = 7.80
| area_water_km2           = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi         = 3.01
| area_land_sq_mi          = 3.01
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_total         = 3907
| population_density_sq_mi = 1298.9
| population_density_km2   = 
| population_footnotes     = <ref name="2020-census-5542250" />
| population_est           = 
| pop_est_as_of            = 
| pop_est_footnotes        = <!-- General information -->
| timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset               = -6
| timezone_DST             = CDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -5
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| elevation_m              = 335
| elevation_ft             = 1099
| coordinates              = {{coord|42|50|55|N|90|42|38|W|region:US-WI|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]
| postal_code              = 53813
| area_code                = [[Area code 608|608]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 55-42250<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 1567823<ref name="GR3" />
| website                  = [http://www.lancasterwisconsin.com/ City of Lancaster official website]
| footnotes                = 
| named_for                = [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
}}

'''Lancaster''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Grant County, Wisconsin]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The population was 3,907 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="2020-census-5542250" />

==History==
Lancaster originated as a [[planned community]] to serve as the county seat for Grant County. Anticipating the county's establishment in 1836, Major Glendower M. Price, a [[Cassville, Wisconsin|Cassville]] merchant and land speculator, purchased the site of Lancaster for its central location in the county. Major Price platted the town on a compass-aligned grid in 1837, reserving a large central square for the new county government. He was persuaded to name the city Lancaster by a relative who migrated from [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania|Lancaster]], [[Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Butterfield |first1=Consul Willshire |title=History of Grant County, Wisconsin |date=1881 |publisher=Western Historical Co. |location=Chicago |pages=640–641 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028871494 |access-date=14 June 2022}}</ref> Maj. Price and Daniel Banfill contracted to construct the first county courthouse, which stood on the square from 1838–1851. A second courthouse was constructed in 1852–1853 and enlarged in 1865.{{sfn|Butterfield|1881|p=515}} The present, third courthouse was constructed on the site in 1902.<ref>{{cite web |title=126 W Maple St Property Record |url=https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records/Property/HI16167 |website=Wisconsin Historical Society |access-date=14 June 2022 |language=en |date=1 January 2012}}</ref>

Pleasant Ridge, one of the first African-American communities in Wisconsin, was founded just outside Lancaster by the Shepard family in 1849 and settled in the 1850s. Lancaster was the home of the first governor of Wisconsin, [[Nelson Dewey]].

==Geography==
Lancaster is located at {{coord|42.848505|-90.710430|type:city_region:US|format=dms|display=inline}} (42.848505, −90.710430).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> Lancaster is located in the unglaciated "[[Driftless Area]]" of southwest Wisconsin whose [[topography]] is strikingly different from that of the rest of the state.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|3.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="gaz2020">{{cite web|title=2020 Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.2020.html |website=census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref>
{{wide image|Lancaster, Wisconsin.jpg|370px||100%|center
|alt=Lancaster, Wisconsin}}

===Climate===
{{Weather box
| width       = auto
| collapsed   = yes
| single line = yes
| location    = Lancaster 4 WSW, Wisconsin (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
| Jan record high F = 60
| Feb record high F = 71
| Mar record high F = 84
| Apr record high F = 95
| May record high F = 104
| Jun record high F = 100
| Jul record high F = 108
| Aug record high F = 103
| Sep record high F = 100
| Oct record high F = 94
| Nov record high F = 77
| Dec record high F = 68
| year record high F = 108
| Jan high F = 25.3
| Feb high F = 29.9
| Mar high F = 42.9
| Apr high F = 56.7
| May high F = 68.3
| Jun high F = 77.4
| Jul high F = 80.9
| Aug high F = 79.1
| Sep high F = 72.2
| Oct high F = 59.2
| Nov high F = 43.8
| Dec high F = 31.0
| year high F = 55.6
| Jan mean F = 17.1
| Feb mean F = 21.4
| Mar mean F = 33.8
| Apr mean F = 46.6
| May mean F = 58.1
| Jun mean F = 67.8
| Jul mean F = 71.4
| Aug mean F = 69.5
| Sep mean F = 61.9
| Oct mean F = 49.2
| Nov mean F = 35.6
| Dec mean F = 23.5
| year mean F = 46.3
| Jan low F = 8.9
| Feb low F = 12.9
| Mar low F = 24.8
| Apr low F = 36.5
| May low F = 47.9
| Jun low F = 58.2
| Jul low F = 61.8
| Aug low F = 59.8
| Sep low F = 51.6
| Oct low F = 39.3
| Nov low F = 27.5
| Dec low F = 16.0
| year low F = 37.1
| Jan record low F = -31
| Feb record low F = -31
| Mar record low F = -22
| Apr record low F = 6
| May record low F = 23
| Jun record low F = 35
| Jul record low F = 42
| Aug record low F = 34
| Sep record low F = 20
| Oct record low F = 3
| Nov record low F = -15
| Dec record low F = -27
| year record low F = -31
| precipitation colour   = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 1.20
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.29
| Mar precipitation inch = 1.99
| Apr precipitation inch = 3.80
| May precipitation inch = 4.39
| Jun precipitation inch = 5.93
| Jul precipitation inch = 5.03
| Aug precipitation inch = 3.86
| Sep precipitation inch = 4.03
| Oct precipitation inch = 2.90
| Nov precipitation inch = 2.37
| Dec precipitation inch = 1.70
| year precipitation inch = 38.49
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days  = 8.3
| Feb precipitation days  = 8.0
| Mar precipitation days  = 9.7
| Apr precipitation days  = 11.2
| May precipitation days  = 12.9
| Jun precipitation days  = 12.3
| Jul precipitation days  = 10.0
| Aug precipitation days  = 9.8
| Sep precipitation days  = 9.1
| Oct precipitation days  = 9.1
| Nov precipitation days  = 8.2
| Dec precipitation days  = 9.3
| year precipitation days = 117.9
| Jan snow inch = 10.0
| Feb snow inch = 8.9
| Mar snow inch = 4.9
| Apr snow inch = 1.6
| May snow inch = 0.2
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.5
| Nov snow inch = 2.6
| Dec snow inch = 8.7
| year snow inch = 37.4
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days  = 6.1
| Feb snow days  = 5.9
| Mar snow days  = 3.5
| Apr snow days  = 1.2
| May snow days  = 0.1
| Jun snow days  = 0.0
| Jul snow days  = 0.0
| Aug snow days  = 0.0
| Sep snow days  = 0.0
| Oct snow days  = 0.3
| Nov snow days  = 1.9
| Dec snow days  = 5.8
| year snow days = 24.8
| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=arx
|title = NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = March 31, 2024}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00474546&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = March 31, 2024}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 1069
|1890= 1543
|1900= 2403
|1910= 2329
|1920= 2485
|1930= 2432
|1940= 2963
|1950= 3266
|1960= 3703
|1970= 3756
|1980= 4076
|1990= 4192
|2000= 4070
|2010= 3868
|2020= 3907
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
As of the [[2020 United States census|census of 2020]],<ref name="2020-census-5542250">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census: Lancaster city, Wisconsin |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US5542250&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29 |website=data.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref> the population was 3,907. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1,298.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,800 housing units at an average density of {{convert|598.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.8% [[Black (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.5% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.5% from [[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|other races]], and 2.8% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 1.4% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-11-18}}</ref> of 2010, there were 3,868 people, 1,659 households, and 1,037 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1272.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,805 housing units at an average density of {{convert|593.8|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.3% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.5% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 1,659 households, of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.5% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the city was 41.2 years. 23.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.1% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 4,070 people, 1,706 households, and 1,079 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was 1,441.1 people per square mile (557.2/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 1,799 housing units at an average density of 637.0 per square mile (246.3/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the city was 99.24% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.07% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.29% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.10% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.29% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.42% of the population.

There were 1,706 households, out of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,723, and the median income for a family was $47,500. Males had a median income of $30,683 versus $22,331 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $17,797. About 6.4% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.

==Architecture==
[[File:Grant County, Wisconsin Courthouse.jpg|thumb|Grant County Courthouse]]

Lancaster calls itself the "City of the Dome" after the octagonal glass and copper-clad dome of the [[Grant County Courthouse (Lancaster, Wisconsin)|Grant County Courthouse]], which was designed by [[Armand Koch]] and built in 1905. In the spandrels of the courthouse dome are four allegorical murals painted by [[Franz Edward Rohrbeck]].

The Municipal Building (1922) is an example of [[Prairie School]] early modern architecture, which, like the courthouse, has been placed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

The [[L. J. Arthur House]], noted for its architecture, is also listed on the National Register.

The [[Lancaster Post Office]] contains a [[Great Depression|Depression-era]] mural, painted under the [[Works Progress Administration]] program in 1940.

The stone and wood [[Patrick and Margaret Kinney House]] in Lancaster was designed by [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], one of 45 Wright structures in Wisconsin.

==Education==
[[Lancaster Community School District]] is the public school district for the community. The town also has a Catholic school.

==Transportation==
[[File:The Lancaster Post Office.jpeg|thumb|Lancaster Post Office, April 2016]]
[[File:Lancaster Municipal Airport.jpg|thumb|[[Lancaster Municipal Airport]]]]

* [[Image:US 61.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 61 in Wisconsin|U.S. Route 61]] ("Madison Street"), passes north&ndash;south through the center of the city.
* [[Image:WIS 35.svg|20px]] [[Wisconsin Highway 35 |Highway 35]] enters east on (“ South Harrison Street and Cherry Street”), then follows Us 61 (“Madison Street”)
* [[Image:WIS 129.svg|20px]] [[Wisconsin Highway 129|Highway 29]], bypasses the city to the east.
* [[Image:WIS County A.svg|20px]] County Trunk Highway A, passes east&ndash;west through the center of the city.

[[Lancaster Municipal Airport]] (73C) serves the city and surrounding communities.

Until 1980, the village was served by a [[Chicago and North Western Transportation Company|Chicago and North Western]] branch line from [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] The village was the end of the branch line.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cotey |first=Angela |title=Remembering the C&NW in Madison |url=https://www.trains.com/ctr/railroad-stories/railfan/remembering-the-cnw-in-madison |website=trains.com |date=September 6, 2016 |access-date=August 20, 2024}}</ref>

==Notable people==
{{div col}}
* [[J. Allen Barber]] – lawyer, U.S. Representative 1871–75; lived and died in Lancaster
* [[George Barnett]] – Commandant of the [[United States Marine Corps]]
* [[Charles H. Baxter]] – Wisconsin State Senator
* [[Lisle Blackbourn]] – [[NFL]] head coach
* [[John Benton Callis]] – U.S. Representative from [[Alabama]]
* [[William Carter (Wisconsin politician)|William Carter]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[John G. Clark]] (1825–1917) - Associate Justice of Oklahoma Territory Supreme Court (1898–1903), returned to Lancaster for the rest of his life
* [[Nelson Dewey]] – first Governor of Wisconsin; lived in Lancaster
* [[Hugh A. Harper]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[John Chandler Holloway]] – President Pro Tem of the Wisconsin State Senate
* [[A. H. Kemper]] – South Dakota politician
* [[William John McCoy]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Thomas McDonald, Jr.]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Joseph Trotter Mills]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Roger P. Murphy]] – Wisconsin State Senator and jurist
* [[Carson Abel Roberts]] – [[U.S. Marine Corps]] Lieutenant General
* [[Dave Schreiner]] – member of the [[College Football Hall of Fame]]
* [[David Schreiner]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[Reuben B. Showalter]] – Wisconsin State Representative
* [[William Simon U'Ren]] – Oregon politician
* [[Arthur W. Worth]] – Wisconsin State Representative
{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[List of cities in Wisconsin]]

==References==
{{reflist|22em}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Lancaster, Wisconsin}}
* {{official website|http://www.lancasterwisconsin.com}}
* Sanborn fire insurance maps: [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6669 1894] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6673 1899] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6678 1905] [http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/maps/id/6685 1912]

{{Grant County, Wisconsin}}
{{Wisconsin county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Cities in Grant County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:County seats in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1837]]
[[Category:1837 establishments in Wisconsin Territory]]