Editing Lamoni, Iowa

{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Lamoni, Iowa
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Graceland University Administration Building.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = Graceland Administration Building
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               = 
|image_size               = 170px
<!-- Maps -->
|image_map = Decatur_County_Iowa_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Lamoni_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Lamoni, Iowa
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 
| pushpin_map = USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Iowa]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Iowa|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Decatur County, Iowa|Decatur]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title1            = Mayor
|leader_name1             = Douglas L. Foster<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lamoni-iowa.com/vnews/display.v/ART/62b1e7175664b |title=City of Lamoni Government Website}}</ref>
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_19.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 10.49
|area_land_km2            = 10.24
|area_water_km2           = 0.25
|area_total_sq_mi         = 4.05
|area_land_sq_mi          = 3.95
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.10

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1969
|population_density_km2   = 192.37
|population_density_sq_mi = 498.23
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1102
|coordinates              = {{coord|40.6227770|-93.9341158|format=dms|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 50140
|area_code                = [[Area code 641|641]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 19-42960
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 468191<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|468191}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://www.leadonlamoni.com/}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
}}
'''Lamoni''' is a city in [[Decatur County, Iowa]], United States. The population was 1,969 at the time of the [[2020 United States census|2020 Census]].<ref name=cen2020>{{cite web |title=2020 Census State Redistricting Data |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Iowa/ |website=census.gov |publisher=United states Census Bureau |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref> Lamoni is the home of [[Graceland University]], affiliated with the [[Community of Christ]], a denomination of [[Latter Day Saint movement|the Latter Day Saint movement]]. The city was the church's headquarters from 1880 to 1920, after which it moved to [[Independence, Missouri]].

The town is host to [[KNSL]], a [[public radio]] station which rebroadcasts programming from [[Iowa Public Radio]], [[National Public Radio]], and [[adult album alternative]] music to South Central [[Iowa]] and North Central [[Missouri]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=FCC.gov record for KNSL |url=http://www.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=KNSL}}</ref>

==History==
The Lamoni area was first settled in 1834 to 1840 by people who thought they were settling in slave-owning Missouri. It was only after the [[Sullivan Line]] separating Missouri and Iowa was formally surveyed when Iowa became a state in 1846 that they realized they were in non-slave-owning Iowa.<ref name="lamoni-iowa1">{{cite web|url=http://www.lamoni-iowa.com/history-of-lamoni/ |title=History of Lamoni &#124; Lamoni IA |access-date=2013-05-18}}</ref>

In 1851, refugees from the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]] sought to settle the area and form the community of [[New Buda Township, Decatur County, Iowa|New Buda]] (named for a [[Buda|neighborhood]] of [[Budapest]]). Their efforts did not result in a significant settlement.<ref name="lamoni-iowa1"/>

In 1870, [[Joseph Smith III]] authorized the [[United Order|Order of Enoch]] to purchase over 3,000 acres (12&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}) to form a community of the [[Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints]] (RLDS Church). Smith lived in Liberty Hall, now a museum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jwha.info/cofc/lhist2.htm |title=Lamoni, Iowa, Rlds Church History Tour Page |publisher=Jwha.info |date=2003-05-10 |access-date=2013-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327234504/http://www.jwha.info/cofc/lhist2.htm |archive-date=2014-03-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The city was named after [[Lamoni]], a king mentioned in the [[Book of Mormon]].

Lamoni, just north of the Missouri border, was chosen because of its good farmland and because it is about 100 miles north of [[Temple Lot]], an important location in church teachings. The Mormons were evicted from Temple Lot and Missouri in the [[Mormon War (1838)|1838 Mormon War]].<ref name="welcometobibleverses1">{{cite web|url=http://www.welcometobibleverses.org/my_articles/Charles_book_phd/Chapter7/Chapter7rev2.htm |title=Chapter7rev2 |publisher=Welcometobibleverses.org |access-date=2013-05-18}}</ref>

Members of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], led by [[Brigham Young]], passed through the community in 1846, staying at nearby [[Garden Grove, Iowa]], while en route from [[Nauvoo, Illinois]] (where they had settled after being forced to leave Missouri), to the [[Salt Lake Valley]].<ref name="lamoni-iowa1"/>

[[File:Lamoni Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Station.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy station in Lamoni]]
Lamoni was formally platted adjacent to newly laid tracks of the [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad]] in 1879. By 1900, its population had grown to 1,500.<ref name="welcometobibleverses1"/>

In 1880, Smith moved to Lamoni (as did the RLDS Church headquarters) from [[Plano, Illinois]].<ref name="welcometobibleverses1"/>

In 1895, the church founded [[Graceland University]] in Lamoni.

After the Smith family moved to Independence to the area near Temple Lot in 1916, Liberty Hall served as a home for the aged, a farmhouse, a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ccclegacy.org/CCC_Camps_Iowa.html|title = CCC Camps Iowa}}</ref> and a private residence before becoming a museum.

Charles Hyde and David Vredenburg, members of the church affiliated with the church-owned General Supply Company, which owned Lamoni mills, hardware and grocery stores, started a grocery store chain called the Supply Store in 1930, which in turn became [[Hy-Vee]] (from their two names). Lamoni remained the company's headquarters until 1945, when it moved to [[Chariton, Iowa]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gahm |first1=Marilyn |title=Hyde & Vredenburg - The Lamoni Years |url=https://www.hy-vee.com/webres/File/Lamoni_Years.pdf |website=www.hy-vee.com |access-date=7 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403234249/https://www.hy-vee.com/webres/File/Lamoni_Years.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Geography==
Lamoni is located in southwest Decatur County on [[US Route 69]].<ref>''Iowa Atlas & Gazetteer,'' DeLorme, 7th ed., 2021, p. 57 {{isbn|1946494003}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of {{convert|3.44|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.34|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-05-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>

===Climate===
Lamoni has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfa'').

{{Weather box 
| location = Lamoni, Iowa (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present)
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high F = 70
| Feb record high F = 79
| Mar record high F = 86
| Apr record high F = 91
| May record high F = 102
| Jun record high F = 111
| Jul record high F = 110
| Aug record high F = 113
| Sep record high F = 103
| Oct record high F = 94
| Nov record high F = 81
| Dec record high F = 70
| year record high F = 113
| Jan high F = 33.1
| Feb high F = 38.2
| Mar high F = 50.8
| Apr high F = 63.0
| May high F = 73.1
| Jun high F = 83.0
| Jul high F = 87.2
| Aug high F = 85.6
| Sep high F = 78.4
| Oct high F = 65.2
| Nov high F = 50.4
| Dec high F = 38.1
| year high F = 62.2
| Jan mean F = 23.5
| Feb mean F = 27.9
| Mar mean F = 39.8
| Apr mean F = 51.2
| May mean F = 62.5
| Jun mean F = 72.6
| Jul mean F = 76.7
| Aug mean F = 74.8
| Sep mean F = 66.6
| Oct mean F = 53.8
| Nov mean F = 40.1
| Dec mean F = 28.9
| year mean F = 51.5
| Jan low F = 13.9
| Feb low F = 17.6
| Mar low F = 28.8
| Apr low F = 39.5
| May low F = 51.9
| Jun low F = 62.2
| Jul low F = 66.2
| Aug low F = 64.1
| Sep low F = 54.8
| Oct low F = 42.4
| Nov low F = 29.7
| Dec low F = 19.7
| year low F = 40.9
| Jan record low F = −29
| Feb record low F = −24
| Mar record low F = −12
| Apr record low F = 7
| May record low F = 25
| Jun record low F = 38
| Jul record low F = 46
| Aug record low F = 40
| Sep record low F = 24
| Oct record low F = -1
| Nov record low F = −11
| Dec record low F = −27
| year record low F = −29
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 1.12
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.65
| Mar precipitation inch = 2.50
| Apr precipitation inch = 4.25
| May precipitation inch = 5.86
| Jun precipitation inch = 5.41
| Jul precipitation inch = 4.80
| Aug precipitation inch = 4.52
| Sep precipitation inch = 3.78
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.27
| Nov precipitation inch = 2.25
| Dec precipitation inch = 1.62
| year precipitation inch = 41.03
| Jan snow inch = 7.3
| Feb snow inch = 6.3
| Mar snow inch = 4.7
| Apr snow inch = 1.3
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.3
| Nov snow inch = 1.9
| Dec snow inch = 4.9
| year snow inch = 26.7
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 6.6
| Feb precipitation days = 6.9
| Mar precipitation days = 9.3
| Apr precipitation days = 11.8
| May precipitation days = 13.5
| Jun precipitation days = 11.5
| Jul precipitation days = 10.1
| Aug precipitation days = 9.8
| Sep precipitation days = 8.3
| Oct precipitation days = 9.3
| Nov precipitation days = 6.9
| Dec precipitation days = 6.4
| year precipitation days = 110.4
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 3.5
| Feb snow days = 3.8
| Mar snow days = 1.6
| Apr snow days = 0.4
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.2
| Nov snow days = 0.8
| Dec snow days = 2.9
| year snow days = 13.2
| source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref name= nws >
{{cite web
| url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=dmx
| title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = June 27, 2021}}</ref><ref name=NCEI>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00134585&format=pdf
| title = Station: Lamoni, IA
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = June 27, 2021}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|title= Historical populations
|type= USA
|align= left
|1900|1540
|1910|1541
|1920|1787
|1930|1739
|1940|1567
|1950|2196
|1960|2173
|1970|2540
|1980|2705
|1990|2319
|2000|2444
|2010|2324
|2020|1969
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name=cen2020/>}}|footnote=Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|title=U.S. Census website|access-date=2020-03-29}} and [http://data.iowadatacenter.org/datatables/PlacesAll/plpopulation18502000.pdf Iowa Data Center]
}}

===Amish population===
The Lamoni area has a sizable [[Amish]] community, whose businesses are not open on Sundays.<ref>{{citation |url= http://www.lamoni-iowa.com/amish-area-business-map/ |title=Appropriate Conduct when Visiting the Amish |website=City of Lamoni |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310171006/http://www.lamoni-iowa.com/amish-area-business-map/ |archive-date=2012-03-10}}</ref>

===2020 census===
As of the [[United States census|census]] of 2020,<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/2020-census-main.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> there were 1,969 people, 719 households, and 402 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 498.2 inhabitants per square mile (192.4/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 904 housing units at an average density of 228.7 per square mile (88.3/km<sup>2</sup>). The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|racial]] makeup of the city was 84.3% [[White Americans|White]], 4.2% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 0.7% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 1.4% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 1.0% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]], 3.0% from other races and 5.4% from two or more races. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] persons of any race comprised 7.3% of the population.

Of the 719 households, 26.3% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 4.5% were cohabitating couples, 31.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 23.2% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 44.1% of all households were non-families. 38.2% of all households were made up of individuals, 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older.

The median age in the city was 29.9 years. 29.4% of the residents were under the age of 20; 16.1% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 18.6% were from 25 and 44; 18.2% were from 45 and 64; and 17.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,324 people, 770 households, and 427 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|723.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 927 housing units at an average density of {{convert|288.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 88.6% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 5.7% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.6% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.7% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.1% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.5% of the population.

There were 770 households, of which 24% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.5% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.84.

27.8% were under the age of 20, 25.6% from 20 to 24, 11.9% from 25 to 44, 15.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.<ref>{{cite web|title=Link to data|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1942960%7C1600000US1943005|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212133333/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1942960%7C1600000US1943005|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-02-12|work=American FactFinder|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref>

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 2,444 people, 818 households, and 428 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|761.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 904 housing units at an average density of {{convert|281.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 91.86% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 2.95% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.16% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.60% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.41% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.82% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.21% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.78% of the population.

There were 818 households, out of which 21.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.6% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.84.

15.1% were under the age of 18, 39.6% from 18 to 24, 13.9% from 25 to 44, 15.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $42,083, and the median income for a family was $53,363. Males had a median income of $37,700 versus $26,563 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,279. About 6.9% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The [[Lamoni Community School District]] operates local public schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://educateiowa.gov/sites/files/ed/documents/FY20_LAMONI_0.pdf|title=LAMONI|publisher=Iowa Department of Education|access-date=2020-08-04}}</ref>

[[Graceland University]] is a private university located in Lamoni.

==Transportation==
[[Jefferson Lines]] provides intercity bus service to Lamoni on a route between Minneapolis and Tulsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jeffersonlines.com/bus-stops/iowa/|title=Iowa Bus Stops|access-date=September 28, 2023}}</ref>

==Notable people==<!--consensus reached to standardize this heading per WP:WikiProject Cities/US Guideline -->

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{{Div col|small=yes}}
*[[Paul Ballantyne (actor)|Paul Ballantyne]], actor
*[[William W. Blair]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Eveline Burgess]], chess champion
*[[Steven V. Carter]], politician
*[[David Dancer]], politician
*[[Caitlyn Jenner]], athlete and television personality
*[[Floyd M. McDowell]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Jack Parker (decathlete)|Jack Parker]], athlete
*[[Alexander Hale Smith]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Heman C. Smith]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Israel A. Smith]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Joseph Smith III]], RLDS Church leader
*[[W. Wallace Smith]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Wallace B. Smith]], RLDS Church leader
*[[Eddie Watt]], [[Major League Baseball]] [[pitcher]]
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}<!-- for current and future use if material is uploaded -->
{{Portal|Iowa}}
*[http://www.lamoni-iowa.com/ Official City Website]
*[http://www.city-data.com/city/Lamoni-Iowa.html City-Data] Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Lamoni

{{Decatur County, Iowa}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Lamoni, Iowa|*]]
[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]
[[Category:Cities in Decatur County, Iowa]]
[[Category:Latter Day Saint movement in Iowa]]