Editing Lębork

{{Short description|Town in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | name                     = Lębork
 | motto                    = Miasto z Europejską klasą<br>City with European class
 | image_skyline            = Urząd Miejski w Lęborku.jpg
 | image_caption            = Neo-gothic City Hall
 | image_shield             = POL Lębork COA.svg
 | image_flag               = POL Lębork flag.svg
 | pushpin_map              = Poland Pomeranian Voivodeship#Poland
 | pushpin_label_position   = bottom
 | subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = {{POL}}
 | subdivision_type1        = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
 | subdivision_name1        = {{flag|Pomeranian Voivodeship|name=Pomeranian}}
 | subdivision_type2        = [[List of Polish counties|County]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Lębork County]]
 | subdivision_type3        = [[Gmina]]
 | subdivision_name3        = Lębork <small>(urban gmina)</small>
 | leader_title             = Mayor
 | leader_name              = [[Jarosław Litwin]] ([[Independent politician|Independent]])
 | established_title3       = Town rights
 | established_date3        = 1341
 | elevation_min_m          = 17
 | elevation_max_m          = 46
 | area_total_km2           = 17.86
 | population_as_of         = 2006
 | population_total         = 35069
 | population_density_km2   = auto
 | timezone                 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
 | utc_offset               = +1
 | timezone_DST             = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
 | utc_offset_DST           = +2
 | coordinates              = {{coord|54|33|N|17|45|E|region:PL|display=inline,title}}
 | postal_code_type         = Postal code
 | postal_code              = 84–300 to 84–310
 | area_code                = +48 59
 | blank_name               = [[Polish car number plates|Car plates]]
 | blank_info               = GLE
 | website                  = http://www.lebork.pl }}

'''Lębork''' ({{IPA|pl|ˈlɛmbɔrk|-|LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-Lębork.wav}}; {{langx|csb|Lãbòrg}}; {{langx|de|Lauenburg in Pommern}}) is a town on the [[Łeba River|Łeba]] and [[Okalica]] rivers in the [[Gdańsk Pomerania]] region in northern [[Poland]]. It is the capital of [[Lębork County]] in [[Pomeranian Voivodeship]]. Its population is 37,000.{{Update inline|date=May 2024}}

==History==
===Middle Ages===
[[File:636712 Lębork obszar Starego Miasta z basztami 05.JPG|thumb|left|175px|Ivy Tower (''Wieża Bluszczowa''), part of the medieval city walls]]
The region formed part of Poland since the establishment of the country in the 10th century. The town was founded on the site of a previous Slavic settlement, dating back to the 10th century.<ref name=pwn>{{cite web|url=https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Lebork;3932135.html|title=Lębork|website=Encyklopedia PWN|access-date=11 February 2020|language=pl}}</ref> Its name was Germanised to ''Lewin'' and then ''Lewinburg'' by the [[Teutonic Knights]],<ref>Slavia occidentalis: Tomy 46–47 1991, page 371.</ref><ref>Słownik etymologiczny miast i gmin PRL Stanisław Rospond – 1984</ref> after annexation from Poland in 1310.<ref name=pwn/> In 1341 [[Dietrich von Altenburg]], [[Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights]], granted 100 ''Hufen'' (similar to [[Hide (unit)|hides]]) to Rutcher von Emmerich for the foundation of a town named ''Lewinburg'' (Lauenburg) with [[Kulm rights]],<ref name="S229">Schmidt, 229</ref> presumably to secure the territory around [[Słupsk|Stolp (Słupsk)]].<ref>Schmidt, p. 228</ref> East of the original city the [[Teutonic Order]] completed the ''[[Ordensburg]]'' castle in 1363. The castle was partly razed after the 1410 [[Battle of Grunwald]] and remained under Polish control until 1411. In 1440 the town joined the [[Prussian Confederation]], which opposed the Teutonic Knights, and at the request of which King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]] signed the act of re-incorporation of the town and region to the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] in 1454. The population of Lauenburg was composed in large part of [[Kashubians]], later [[Slovincians]].

In 1454 after the outbreak of the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)|Thirteen Years' War]], troops from [[Gdańsk|Danzig (Gdańsk)]] occupied Lauenburg and [[Bytów|Bütow (Bytów)]]; the following year they were turned over to [[Eric II, Duke of Pomerania]], to form an alliance.<ref name="S229"/> Because Lauenburg remained loyal to the Prussian Confederation and not the Teutonic Order, King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]] of Poland granted the town three nearby villages.<ref name="S229"/> Troops from the Polish-allied city of Gdańsk (Danzig) reoccupied Lauenburg in 1459 when the mayor, Lorenz Senftopf, entered into negotiations with the Teutonic Knights. Eric replaced the Danzigers with Teutonic Knights the following year, however, when he switched sides during the war. After the Teutonic Knights were ultimately defeated in the Thirteen Years' War, Lębork passed to Poland, according to the 1466 [[Second Peace of Thorn (1466)|Second Peace of Thorn]],<ref name=sgk>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom V|year=1884|language=pl|location=Warszawa|page=199}}</ref> and was granted by Casimir IV Jagiellon to Eric and his Pomeranian successors as part of the [[Lauenburg and Bütow Land]], a Polish [[fief]].

===Modern era===
[[File:Lębork ratusz DSC 2614 (Nemo5576).jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.85|Lębork coat of arms on the facade of the town hall]]
The [[Protestant Reformation]] was introduced in the town soon after 1519.<ref name="S229"/> The territory came back to Polish King [[Władysław IV Vasa]] as a reverted fief and was integrated with the Polish [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]] after the 1637 death of [[Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania]].<ref name=sgk/> As Lębork was the leading city of the territory, it became the seat of the [[starostwo|eldership]] (''starostwo'').<ref name=sp2>{{cite web|url=http://www.sp2bytow.home.pl/bytow/1637-1658.html|title=1637-1658|website=Historia Bytowa w pigułce|access-date=11 February 2020|language=pl}}</ref> The [[starost]]s were [[Stanisław Koniecpolski]] and [[Jakub Wejher]].<ref name=sp2/> The [[Counter-Reformation]] was largely ineffective in the [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] town. Lębork was occupied by [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]] in the [[Northern Wars]]. To gain an ally against Sweden during the [[Deluge (history)|Deluge]], King [[John II Casimir of Poland]] gave the Lauenburg and Bütow Land to Margrave [[Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg|Frederick William]] of [[Brandenburg-Prussia]] as a hereditary fiefdom in the 1657 [[Treaty of Bromberg]]. The Swedish troops burnt Lauenburg before their retreat in 1658, destroying seventy houses and the town hall.<ref name="S229"/> Frederick William released the town from tax duties for five years to aid in its rebuilding. Lauenburg suffered a second fire in 1682.<ref name=sgk/> King [[John III Sobieski]] made peaceful attempts to reintegrate the town directly to Poland, but to no avail.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=87}}

In 1701, Lauenburg/Lębork became a [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]]-administered territory under the sovereignty of the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Polish Crown]]. From 1737 to 1752, [[Polish Reformed Church]] services were held in the town.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gresch|first=Eberhard|title=Im Blickpunkt der Geschichte der Reformation: Evangelisch-Reformierte in (Ost-)Preußen|year=2012|page=13}}</ref> The 1773 Treaty of Warsaw granted full sovereignty over the territory to Prussia after the [[First Partition of Poland]]. The Lauenburg and Bütow Land, transformed into a [[Districts of Prussia|district]] (''Lauenburg-Bütowscher Kreis''), was first included in the newly established province of [[West Prussia]], but was transferred to the [[Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)|province of Pomerania]] in 1777.
[[File:LĘBORK. AB-052.JPG|thumb|right|Staromiejska Street, one of the most prominent promenades in the town]]
When the district was divided in 1846, Lauenburg became the capital of a new district (''Landkreis Lauenburg i. Pom.''). Lauenburg began to develop as an industrial center after its 1852 connection to the [[Prussian Eastern Railway]] to Danzig and [[Szczecin|Stettin (Szczecin)]].<ref name="S229"/> In 1866, the Masonic Lodge was formed, whose membership was in the main made up of the elite entrepreneurial class. The building survives to this day. The town became part of the [[German Empire]] in 1871 during the [[unification of Germany]]. Chancellor [[Otto Fürst von Bismarck]] (1815–1898) was made an honorary citizen in 1874. (He was also created [[Duke of Lauenburg]] in 1890 after his resignation as Chancellor of the German Empire, but this title refers to the city of [[Lauenburg/Elbe]] in present-day Germany, and should not be confused with Lębork/Lauenburg in Pomerania.) New [[Germans|German]] settlers came to the town, but [[Polish people|Poles]] also still settled there.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=99-100}} Despite [[Germanisation of Poles during the Partitions|Germanisation]] policies, the Polish-Kashubian movement developed.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=124}} Helpful in preserving Polish culture and identity was the local Catholic church, in which [[Polish language]] lessons were still organized.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=125}}

[[Second Polish Republic|Poland]] regained independence after [[World War I]] in 1918, and local Poles organized a pro-Polish rally, which was shut down by the local German police. Polish activists were sentenced to several months in prison, and then to [[exile]].{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=127}} Despite Polish attempts at regaining control of the region, the [[Treaty of Versailles]] did not restore the pre-[[Partitions of Poland|partition]] borders and the town remained within interwar Germany. In the subsequent years many German migrants resettled in and around Lauenburg,<ref name="S230">Schmidt, 230</ref> while many Poles, including Kashubians, left for the nearby Polish [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]].{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=142}} The town's economy has declined and the nationalists, communists and [[Nazi Party|Nazis]] gained popularity among the German population.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=137-140}} The Poles were active in the [[Union of Poles in Germany]].<ref name=pwn/> After the Nazis took power, Poles, as well as [[Jews]], were persecuted.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=140-142}} Under the leadership of Willy Fruggel a ''[[Hochschule]]'' for teacher education was established in the city in 1933.<ref name="S230"/> The football club [[SV Sturm Lauenburg]] played within [[Gauliga Pommern]].

After the outbreak of [[World War II]], the persecution of indigenous Poles, including Kashubians, intensified, and the patients of the local psychiatric hospital were [[Massacres in Piaśnica|murdered in Piaśnica]], however, the [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Polish resistance movement]] remained present in the district.{{sfn|Lindemajer|Machura|1982|p=163-164}} In 1942, the Germans founded a subcamp of the [[Stutthof concentration camp]] and sent prisoners from the [[Buchenwald concentration camp]] there.<ref name=mg>{{cite journal|last=Gliński|first=Mirosław|title=Podobozy i większe komanda zewnętrzne obozu Stutthof (1939–1945)|journal=Stutthof. Zeszyty Muzeum|language=pl|volume=3|page=169|issn=0137-5377}}</ref> Further prisoners were sent from the main Stutthof camp, and the subcamp was dissolved only in February 1945, during the German-organized evacuation of the Stutthof main camp.<ref name=mg/> The Germans also operated a [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labour]] subcamp of the [[Stalag II-B]] [[German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II|prisoner-of-war camp]] for [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] POWs in the town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stalag2b.free.fr/leskommandos.htm|title=Les Kommandos|website=Stalag IIB Hammerstein, Czarne en Pologne|access-date=29 May 2022|language=fr}}</ref> The town was occupied without resistance by the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Red Army]] on 10 March 1945. Most of the Old Town burned in the subsequent Soviet rampage, although the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] Church of St. James and the Teutonic castle survived.<ref name="S230"/> During this time about 600 people committed suicide.<ref name=lakotta>{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/spiegelspecial/d-39863564.html|title=Tief vergraben, nicht dran rühren|last=Lakotta|first=Beate|publisher=[[Der Spiegel|SPON]]|date=2005-03-05|access-date=2010-08-16|language=de}}</ref>

As Lębork, the town became again part of Poland in accordance with the post-war [[Potsdam Agreement]]. [[Germans]] remaining in the town were either immediately [[expulsion of Germans after World War II|expelled]] in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement or were allowed to voluntarily leave in the 1950s. The remaining [[Polish people|Polish]] inhabitants were joined by other Poles, incl. those displaced from [[Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union|Poland's eastern lands]] annexed after the war by the Soviet Union. The town was administratively part of the [[Gdańsk Voivodeship (1945–1975)|Gdańsk Voivodeship]] in 1945–1975, and then the [[Słupsk Voivodeship]] in 1975–1998.

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The [[Köppen Climate Classification]] subtype for this climate is "[[Köppen climate classification#Group C: Temperate/mesothermal climates|Cfb]]". (Marine West Coast Climate/[[Oceanic climate]]).<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=121250&cityname=Lebork-Slupskie Climate Summary for Lebork, Poland]</ref>

{{Weather box    
| location = Lębork (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| width = auto
| Jan record high C = 13.6
| Feb record high C = 18.2
| Mar record high C = 24.8
| Apr record high C = 30.2
| May record high C = 32.0
| Jun record high C = 35.6
| Jul record high C = 36.3
| Aug record high C = 37.4
| Sep record high C = 32.6
| Oct record high C = 27.8
| Nov record high C = 20.9
| Dec record high C = 14.8
| year record high C = 37.4
| Jan high C = 2.3
| Feb high C = 3.3
| Mar high C = 7.0
| Apr high C = 13.3
| May high C = 17.9
| Jun high C = 20.8
| Jul high C = 23.1
| Aug high C = 23.1
| Sep high C = 18.4
| Oct high C = 12.8
| Nov high C = 7.0
| Dec high C = 3.4
| year high C = 12.7
| Jan mean C = -0.2
| Feb mean C = 0.4
| Mar mean C = 2.7
| Apr mean C = 7.6
| May mean C = 12.3
| Jun mean C = 15.6
| Jul mean C = 17.9
| Aug mean C = 17.6
| Sep mean C = 13.4
| Oct mean C = 8.8
| Nov mean C = 4.4
| Dec mean C = 1.2
| year mean C = 8.5
| Jan low C = -2.6
| Feb low C = -2.3
| Mar low C = -0.6
| Apr low C = 2.5
| May low C = 6.6
| Jun low C = 10.2
| Jul low C = 12.8
| Aug low C = 12.7
| Sep low C = 9.3
| Oct low C = 5.6
| Nov low C = 2.1
| Dec low C = -1.0
| year low C = 4.6
| Jan record low C = -32.7
| Feb record low C = -31.3
| Mar record low C = -21.4
| Apr record low C = -8.9
| May record low C = -4.9
| Jun record low C = -3.4
| Jul record low C = 2.8
| Aug record low C = 0.4
| Sep record low C = -4.5
| Oct record low C = -8.7
| Nov record low C = -16.3
| Dec record low C = -22.6
| year record low C = -32.7
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 52.3
| Feb precipitation mm = 39.8
| Mar precipitation mm = 48.0
| Apr precipitation mm = 33.2
| May precipitation mm = 59.6
| Jun precipitation mm = 67.5
| Jul precipitation mm = 92.7
| Aug precipitation mm = 73.4
| Sep precipitation mm = 77.3
| Oct precipitation mm = 74.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 63.2
| Dec precipitation mm = 64.5
| year precipitation mm = 746.4
| Jan humidity = 86.0
| Feb humidity = 84.2
| Mar humidity = 79.8
| Apr humidity = 73.0
| May humidity = 73.0
| Jun humidity = 74.9
| Jul humidity = 77.9
| Aug humidity = 78.3
| Sep humidity = 82.7
| Oct humidity = 84.9
| Nov humidity = 88.4
| Dec humidity = 88.2
| year humidity = 81.1
| source 1 = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management<ref name=IMGWtavg>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211203115527/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| archive-date = 3 December 2021
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| title = Średnia dobowa temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmin>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115043924/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| title = Średnia minimalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmax>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115044916/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| title = Średnia maksymalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecip>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220109045820/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| archive-date = 9 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| title = Miesięczna suma opadu
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecipdays>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115051112/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| title = Liczba dni z opadem >= 0,1 mm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdepth>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115054936/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| title = Średnia grubość pokrywy śnieżnej
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdays>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044246/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| archive-date = 21 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| title = Liczba dni z pokrywą śnieżna > 0 cm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsun>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115055331/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| title = Średnia suma usłonecznienia (h)
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref>
|source 2 = Meteomodel.pl (records, relative humidity 1991–2020)<ref name=recordhigh>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=354170125&par=tmax&max_empty=3
| title = Lębork Absolutna temperatura maksymalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=recordlow>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=354170125&par=tmin&max_empty=3
| title = Lębork Absolutna temperatura minimalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=relativehumidity>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=354170125&par=rh&max_empty=3
| title = Lębork Średnia wilgotność
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 12 February 2022}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{multiple image |align=right |caption_align=center |perrow=2 |total_width=350 |header=Sights of Lębork (examples)
| image1=Lębork kościół św Jakuba DSC 2922.jpg
| image2=Lebork Muzeum DSC 2834.jpg
| image3=Kościół parafialny p.w.NMP Królowej Polski w Lęborku.jpg
| image4=636712 Lębork obszar Starego Miasta z basztami 07.JPG
| image5=Lębork Przyzamcze Zamek DSC 2806.jpg
| image6=Stanislaw Sosabowski, Lebork.jpg
| image7=Lębork Młynarska 23 DSC 2827.jpg
| image8=Lębork Armii Krajowej Poczta DSC 2657.jpg
| caption1=Saint James church
| caption2=Lębork Museum
| caption3=Church of St. Mary Queen of Poland
| caption4=Medieval town walls
| caption5=Castle, today a district court
| caption6=General [[Stanisław Sosabowski]] monument
| caption7=Old salt granary
| caption8=Main post office
}}
In terms of confession, the population was predominantly Catholic since the Christianization of Poland, then it was mostly composed of Protestants after the Reformation, and since the end of World War II it is once again predominantly Catholic.
;Number of inhabitants in years
*1782: 1,482, incl. 36 Jews.<ref name="Kratz">Kratz, [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_g2sRAAAAYAAJ/page/n344 p. 250]</ref>
*1794: 1,432, incl. 29 Jews.<ref name="Kratz"/>
*1812: 1,548, incl. 48 Catholics and 47 Jews<ref name="Kratz"/>
*1831: 2,621, incl. 181 Catholics and 147 Jews.<ref name="Kratz"/>
*1843: 3,779, incl. 222 Catholics and 262 Jews.<ref name="Kratz"/>
*1861: 5,310, incl. 305 Catholics and 259 Jews.<ref name="Kratz"/>
*1900: 10,442, incl. 1,151 Catholics and 276 Jews.<ref>''Meyers Konversations-Lexikon''. 6th edition, vol. 12, Leipzig and Vienna 1908, p. 241 (in German).</ref>
*1910: 13,916 
*1925: 17,161, incl. 1,850 Catholics, 290 Jews and 300 others.<ref>''Der Große Brockhaus''. 15th edition, vol. 11, Leipzig 1932, p. 170 (in German).</ref>
*1933: 18,962 
*1939: 19,108<ref name="S230"/>
*1960: 21,200 
*1970: 25,100 
*1975: 26,600 
*1980: 29,200 
*1990: 34,300 
*1995: 36,300 
*1998: 37,000 
*2004: 35,154 
*2005: 35,000

==Transport==
[[File:1WK15 Lębork (19) Travelarz.JPG|thumb|[[Lębork railway station]]]]
Railway stations in the city include [[Lębork railway station|Lębork]] and [[Lębork Nowy Świat (PKP station)|Lębork Nowy Świat]].

==Sports==
The local [[Association football|football]] team is {{ill|Pogoń Lębork|pl}}. It competes in the lower leagues.

==Notable residents==
[[File:Edward Sapir.jpg|160px|thumb|Edward Sapir, 1910]]
[[File:Anna Fotyga (2007).jpg|160px|thumb|Anna Fotyga, 2007]]
* [[Julius Friedrich August Bahnsen]] (1830 – 1881), philosopher, the originator of [[characterology]] 
* [[Paul Gottlieb Nipkow]] (1860–1940) a German technician, television pioneer, invented the [[Nipkow disk]]
* [[Josef Horovitz]] (1874–1931) a Jewish German orientalist
* Gerhard Obuch ([[:de:Gerhard Obuch|de]]) (1884–1960), politician and lawyer
* [[Edward Sapir]]  (1884–1939), ethnologist and linguist
* [[Erich von dem Bach]] (1899–1972), SS officer
* [[Ethel Reschke]] (1911–1992) a German actress <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0720194/  IMDb Database] retrieved 8 November 2018</ref>
* [[Ewa Paradies]] (1920–46), concentration camp overseer
* [[Jürgen Echternach]] (1937–2006) CDU politician
* Hilbert Meyer ([[:de:Hilbert Meyer|de]]) (born 1941) professor of the science of education in Oldenburg 
* [[Eugeniusz Geno Malkowski]] (1942–2016), artist and painter
* [[Peter Roehr]] (1944–68) a German artist
* [[Maciej Gołąb]] (born 1952), professor of musicology
*[[Else Streit]] (1869-?), composer
* [[Anna Fotyga]] (born 1957) a Polish politician and [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]], former [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]

; Sport
* [[Zbigniew Zarzycki]] (born 1948) a former Polish volleyball player, Olympic Champion in 1976
* [[Zbigniew Kaczmarek (footballer)|Zbigniew Kaczmarek]] (born 1962) a former Polish football player, played 30 times for Poland
* [[Alexandra Wójcik (gymnast)|Alexandra Wojcik]] (born 1985) a Polish group rhythmic gymnast, participated at the [[2004 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Damian Schulz]] (born 1990) a Polish volleyball player, member of Poland men's national volleyball team
* [[Paula Wrońska]] (born 1991) a Polish sports shooter, competed in the [[2012 Summer Olympics]]

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland}}

Lębork is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
{| class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|
*{{flagicon|LUX}}  [[Dudelange]], [[Luxembourg]]
||
*{{flagicon|GER}}  [[Lauenburg]], [[Germany]]
||
*{{flagicon|FRA}}  [[Manom]], [[France]]
||
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Balta, Ukraine|Balta]], [[Ukraine]]
||
*{{flagicon|LAT}} [[Ogre, Latvia|Ogre]], [[Latvia]]
|}

==See also==
*[[Lauenburg and Bütow Land]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
*{{cite book|last=Schmidt|first=Roderich|title=Handbuch der historischen Stätten Deutschlands, Band 12, Mecklenburg/Pommern|year=1996|publisher=Alfred Kröner Verlag|location=[[Stuttgart]]|pages=388|isbn=3-520-31501-7}} (in German)
* Gustav Kratz: ''Die Städte der Provinz Pommern – Abriss ihrer Geschichte, zumeist nach Urkunden'' (''The towns of the Province of Pomerania – Sketch of their history, mostly according to historical records''). Berlin 1865 (reprinted in 2010 by [[Kessinger Publishing]], {{ISBN|1-161-12969-3}}), pp.&nbsp;247–251 (in German, [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_g2sRAAAAYAAJ/page/n341 <!-- pg=247 --> online])
* {{Cite book |last1=Lindemajer |first1=Józef |last2=Machura |first2=Teresa |title=Dzieje Lęborka |year=1982 |publisher=Wydawnictwo Poznańskie |location=[[Poznań]] |language=pl }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Lębork}}
*[http://www.lebork.pl/ Municipal website]
*[http://www.foto.lebork.org/ Lębork dawniej i dziś (zdjęcia)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130302032652/http://www.lauenburg.wleborku.com.pl/ reconstruction of the old city]

{{Lębork County}}
{{Pomerania}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lebork}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Pomeranian Voivodeship]]
[[Category:Lębork County]]
[[Category:10th-century establishments in Poland]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 10th century]]
[[Category:Holocaust locations in Poland]]