Editing Kirkstall

{{Short description|Suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England}}
{{For | the Australian township | Kirkstall, Victoria}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox UK place
| country                  = England
| coordinates              = {{coord|53.816|-1.602|display=inline,title}}
| official_name            = Kirkstall
| pushpin_map              = United Kingdom Leeds
| population               = 20,673
| population_ref           = <ref>http://statistics.leeds.gov.uk/PDF_Downloads/Files/NW%20Kirkstall.pdf{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| metropolitan_borough     = [[City of Leeds]]
| metropolitan_county      = [[West Yorkshire]]
| region                   = Yorkshire and the Humber
| constituency_westminster = [[Leeds Central and Headingley (UK Parliament constituency)|Leeds Central and Headingley]]
| post_town                = LEEDS
| postcode_district        = LS3, LS4, LS5
| postcode_area            = LS
| dial_code                = 0113
| os_grid_reference        =
| static_image_name        = KirkstallAbbey.JPG
| static_image_caption     = [[Kirkstall Abbey]] 
}}

'''Kirkstall''' is a north-western suburb of [[Leeds]], [[West Yorkshire]], England, on the eastern side of the [[River Aire]]. The area sits in the [[Kirkstall (ward)|Kirkstall]] [[electoral ward|ward]] of [[Leeds City Council]] and [[Leeds Central and Headingley (UK Parliament constituency)|Leeds Central and Headingley]] [[UK Parliament constituencies|parliamentary constituency]], represented by [[Alex Sobel]]. The population of the ward at the 2011 Census was 21,709.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=13689932&c=Kirkstall&d=14&e=62&g=6373383&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1456485092844&enc=1|title=Leeds City Ward population 2011|access-date=26 February 2016|publisher = Office for National Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}</ref>

To the west is [[Bramley, Leeds|Bramley]], to the east is [[Headingley]], and to the north are [[Hawksworth, Leeds|Hawksworth]] and [[West Park, Leeds|West Park]]. Kirkstall is around {{convert|2|mi|km}} from the [[Leeds city centre|city centre]] and is close to the [[University of Leeds]] and [[Leeds Metropolitan University]]. 

In the 12th century [[Cistercian]] monks founded [[Kirkstall Abbey]], a daughter house of [[Fountains Abbey]] in [[North Yorkshire]], and now Kirkstall's main visitor attraction. The [[Abbey House Museum]] opposite the abbey tells the story of the community and the town. Henry De Lacey, Baron of Pontefract, gave the land for the foundation of the abbey, and Kirkstall has a few roads named in his memory. The [[Abbey Light Railway]], which connected the grounds of the abbey with the Bridge Road commercial area, was closed down in 2012. Another landmark is St Stephen's Church, designed by the architect [[Robert Dennis Chantrell]]. [[Richard Oastler]], a reformer and fighter for children's rights, is buried in a [[crypt]] under the church's east end.

==History==
{{Main article|History of Kirkstall}}
[[File:St Stephen's Church, Kirkstall.jpg|thumb|left|[[St Stephen's Church, Kirkstall|St Stephen's, Kirkstall]]]]
[[File:Kirkstall Abbey House Museum 2.jpg|thumb|left|[[Abbey House Museum]]]]
The name of Kirkstall comes from a [[Northumbrian Old English|Northern dialect of Old English]] word 'Kirk' ('church') and Old English ''stall'' ('place') and means 'site of a church'.<ref>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names, Eilert Ekwall, Second edition, Oxford 1940</ref> The traveller [[John Leland (antiquary)|John Leland]] spelt the name as "Christal" in his writings of 1536.<ref>{{cite book|last=Chrystal |first=P. |year=2021 |title=Central Leeds History Tour |publisher=Amberley Books |page= no page number |no-pp=yes}}</ref>

During the [[English Civil War]], the bridge over the Aire at Kirkstall (referred to in a contemporaneous account as 'Churchstall') was destroyed by Royalist troops from Leeds. After discovering this, a Parliamentary force led by [[Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron]] – from [[Otley]] – had to cross the river upstream at [[Apperley Bridge]] before retaking [[Leeds]] in January 1643.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.a-history-of-rawdon.co.uk/rawdons-and-laytons-3/ | title = Later Rawdons and the Laytons | access-date = 18 September 2017 | first = D. C. | last = Wilcock | archive-date = 29 March 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150329213927/http://a-history-of-rawdon.co.uk/rawdons-and-laytons-3/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Kirkstall was historically an important centre of industry. [[Kirkstall Forge Engineering|Kirkstall Forge]] lays claim to being the longest continually used industrial site in Britain founded in the 13th century by the [[Cistercian]] [[monks]] of the abbey, and a number of printers. The earliest known activity on the site was a medieval mill race which supplied water to power the [[corn mill]] at Kirkstall Abbey. [[Iron]] production took place at the forge from the 1580s onwards. During the late 18th century the reconstruction of the upper and lower forges allowed 'shovel and spade production' to commence. A railway was built at the forge in 1830 and sustained growth at the plant. The [[First World War]] brought about large scale growth, providing axles for military vehicles and by 1930 most lorries and buses made in the UK had a Kirkstall back axle casing. In 2002 the owners of the site, the [[Dana Holding Corporation]] announced the closure of the works, shifting production to [[India]] and [[Spain]].<ref>http://www.kirkstallforge.com/images/forge-History-FINAL.pdf{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The site is undergoing major redevelopment, as is the old Waide's Printers & [[Kwik Save]] site. Printing has, like iron-founding, suffered a decline, several printing companies remain.

[[File:Kirkstall Power Station.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Kirkstall Power Station]]]]
Until 1976 when it was closed, Kirkstall was dominated by a [[coal]] fired power station.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://kvp.org.uk/aboutkvp.htm#power | title = Kirkstall Power Station | website = A new Public Park in the Kirkstall Valley | access-date = 18 September 2017 | publisher = Association of Kirkstall Valley Park}}</ref> It was replaced by larger power stations away from town at [[Ferrybridge power station|Ferrybridge]], [[Eggborough power station|Eggborough]] and [[Drax power station|Drax]]. The power station was demolished in the early 1980s.<ref>{{cite book | url = http://www.impressions-gallery.com/_lib/_user_files/Peter%20Mitchell_Exhibition%20Guide_14%20Sept(1).pdf | title = Planet Yorkshire. Exhibition Guide | first = Peter | last = Mitchell | access-date = 18 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170918154930/http://www.impressions-gallery.com/_lib/_user_files/Peter%20Mitchell_Exhibition%20Guide_14%20Sept(1).pdf | archive-date = 18 September 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Kirkstall Abbey===
{{main|Kirkstall Abbey}}
Kirkstall Abbey is a ruined [[Cistercian]] monastery set in grounds which are now a public park on the north bank of the [[River Aire]]. It was founded in about 1152 and took over 75 years to construct.<ref>{{NHLE| num=1256668|desc= Kirkstall Abbey |access-date = 13 September 2017}}</ref> It was closed during the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]] under the auspices of [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]].<ref>{{cite web |title= The Dissolution: the end of monastic life at Kirkstall |url=http://cistercians.shef.ac.uk/kirkstall/history/dissolution/| publisher=University of Sheffield |access-date=18 September 2017}}</ref> The ruins have been painted by artists such as [[J. M. W. Turner]] and [[Thomas Girtin]].

==Amenities==
[[File:Kirkstall Leisure Centre.jpg|thumb|right|Kirkstall Leisure Centre]]
Kirkstall's amenities are stretched along Kirkstall Road and Abbey Road. There are several pubs, a supermarket and several other shops around it on the site of the former [[Waddingtons]] factory.The Kirkstall Bridge Shopping complex contains many stores. A small [[Shopping mall|shopping precinct]] is situated adjacent to the A65 and Kirkstall Lane has become dilapidated in recent years,{{opinion|date=January 2024}} soon to be rebuilt on with houses and shops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kirkstall.org.uk/photos/2005/dinerfire/|title=KIRKSTALL ONLINE – The community website for Kirkstall, Leeds.|website=www.kirkstall.org.uk|access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

[[Saint Stephen|St Stephen]]'s [[Church of England|C of E]] (VA) [[Primary school|Primary School]] has a [[coat of arms]] that reflects Kirkstall's rich history.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kirkstall Abbey: Guest Post|url=https://twitter.com/KirkstallAbbey/status/1363050830383955969|access-date=21 February 2021|website=Twitter}}</ref>

== Transport ==
[[File:Opening day, Kirkstall Forge railway station (19th June 2016) 019.jpg|thumb|right|[[Kirkstall Forge railway station]]]]
Kirkstall is situated on the [[A65 road]] which links it to [[Leeds city centre]], [[Guiseley]], [[Yeadon, West Yorkshire|Yeadon]] and [[Ilkley]]. This is crossed in the town centre by the B6157 road between [[Stanningley]] and [[Moortown, Leeds|Moortown]]. The latter crosses the River Aire on the Grade II listed [[Kirkstall Bridge]].

There are two railway lines: The [[Airedale line|Bradford line]] passes along the Aire Valley and has a railway station at [[Kirkstall Forge railway station|Kirkstall Forge]] which opened in June 2016. The [[Harrogate line]] passes near Kirkstall and Headingley station is a few minutes walk from the centre of Kirkstall. The former [[Leeds tramway]] ran through Kirkstall until it was dismantled in 1959, a substation used by the tramway is still visible on Abbey Road. There are many bus routes through Kirkstall. The [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]] also passes through Kirkstall close to the river and its tow path provides walking, running and cycling routes to Leeds and also west to [[Rodley, West Yorkshire|Rodley]] and [[Shipley, West Yorkshire|Shipley]]. 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Company
! Route
! Destinations

|-
||[[First Leeds]]||	33 & 34||[[Leeds city centre]], [[Horsforth]], [[Rawdon, West Yorkshire|Rawdon]], [[Guiseley]], [[Yeadon, West Yorkshire|Yeadon]], [[Menston]], [[Otley]]
|-
||[[First Leeds]]||	49||[[Seacroft|Monkswood Gate]], [[Oakwood, Leeds|Oakwood]], [[St James' Hospital, Leeds|St James' Hospital]], [[Leeds city centre]], [[Bramley, West Yorkshire|Bramley]]
|-
||[[First Leeds]]||	50 50A||[[Seacroft]], [[Harehills]], [[St James' Hospital, Leeds|St James' Hospital]], [[Leeds city centre]], [[Hawksworth, Leeds|Hawksworth]], [[Horsforth]]
|-
||[[Keighley Bus Company]]||	60||[[Leeds city centre]], [[Rodley, West Yorkshire]], [[Greengates]], [[Thackley]], [[Shipley, West Yorkshire|Shipley]], [[Saltaire]], [[Bingley]], [[Keighley]].
|-
||[[First Leeds]]||	91||[[Pudsey]], [[Bramley, Leeds|Bramley]], [[Headingley]], [[Meanwood]], [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]], [[Harehills]], [[Halton Moor]].
|-
||[[First Calderdale & Huddersfield]]||	508||[[Leeds city centre]], [[Thornbury, West Yorkshire|Thornbury]], [[Odsal]], [[Shelf, West Yorkshire|Shelf]], [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]]
|-
||[[Yorkshire Coastliner]]||	A1||[[Leeds city centre]], [[Horsforth]], [[Leeds Bradford Airport]].

|}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wymetro.com/BusTravel/BusTimetables/001.htm |title=Bus timetables for services 1 to 99 in West Yorkshire |access-date=7 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130210042152/http://www.wymetro.com/BusTravel/BusTimetables/001.htm |archive-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wymetro.com/NR/rdonlyres/6ED2EDDE-CB92-435E-8BF2-D4E696E36FE2/0/757bustimetable.pdf |title=Metro Connect 757  |website=www.wymetro.com |access-date=24 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320060926/http://www.wymetro.com/NR/rdonlyres/6ED2EDDE-CB92-435E-8BF2-D4E696E36FE2/0/757bustimetable.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Notable events==
[[File:Abbeydaleoval.jpg|thumb|left|Abbeydale Oval. The house on the far left was extensively used in filming ''[[The Beiderbecke Affair]]''.]]
[[File:Kirkstall Brewery Residences - geograph.org.uk - 517283.jpg|thumb|right|[[Kirkstall Brewery]] buildings]]
The [[Kirkstall Brewery]] site was converted into a large hall of residence for students of Leeds Metropolitan University. Other developments in Kirkstall include the Morrisons shopping complex, off the [[A65 road]], by the river.

Filming of ''[[The Beiderbecke Affair]]'' took place partly in Kirkstall, using houses around Abbeydale Oval with other scenes shot throughout the area and [[Moor Grange]].

The Kirkstall Festival takes place every year in the grounds of the abbey<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kirkstall.org.uk/pics.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001026033802/http://www.kirkstall.org.uk/pics.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 October 2000|title=KIRKSTALL ONLINE – The community website for Kirkstall, Leeds.|website=www.kirkstall.org.uk|access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref> on the second Saturday in July since 1981. It is a festival of music, local arts and crafts, and is organised by volunteers of the KVCA (Kirkstall Valley Community Association).

Kirkstall Art Trail takes place every year, on the third weekend of July, since it began in 2015.<ref>{{cite web |last=westleedslife |date=8 July 2015 |title=40 artists. 20 venues. There's only one Kirkstall Art Trail! |url=https://westleedsdispatch.com/40-artists-20-venues-theres-only-one-kirkstall-art-trail/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=West Leeds Dispatch }}</ref> The event attracted over 100 artists, workshops and activities in 2024. The variety of venues used include private houses, Kirkstall Abbey, Hollybush Conservation Centre, cafes and retail.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 February 2024 |title=About Us – Kirkstall Art Trail |url=https://kirkstallarttrail.co.uk/about-us/ |access-date=20 November 2024 }}</ref> It is organised by a small committee made up of volunteers. During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] the Art Trail was put on hold, and they created a [[Living Advent]] Trail during the winter of 2020, which now takes place every year.<ref>{{cite web |last=westleedslife |date=31 October 2024 |title=Bringing Swedish tradition to Kirkstall Advent Trail |url=https://westleedsdispatch.com/bringing-swedish-tradition-to-kirkstall-advent-trail/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=West Leeds Dispatch }}</ref>

==Landmarks==
[[File:milepost kirkstall.jpg|thumb|right|Equidistant from London and Edinburg (sic)]]
[[File:kirk fount.jpg|thumb|left|'Drink and be Grateful' fountain]]
[[File:Monuments in Kirkstall churchyard.jpg|thumb|left|St Stephen's churchyard monuments]]
Kirkstall is rich in historic sites and monuments. St Stephen's churchyard has fine 19th century grave markers. Other landmarks include an elegant early 19th century stone monument on the [[A65 road]] near the Kirkstall Forge site. A plaque on the monument indicates that Kirkstall is 200 miles from London and 200 miles from [[Edinburgh]].

The re-located 19th century [[drinking fountain]] near the demolished police station at the junction of Abbey Road and Bradford Road proclaims 'Drink and be Grateful'. The fountain's little garden had been neglected for many a year until local community gardening group Kirkstall-in-Bloom made it their initial project in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kirkstallinbloom.wordpress.com/|title=Kirkstall In Bloom|website=Kirkstall In Bloom|access-date=20 April 2018}}</ref>

Hollybush Conservation Centre (part of [[The Conservation Volunteers]]) is located on the site of a former farm. The building dates back to at least 1700. A trade directory of the 1870s lists 'Joseph Whitwell Gentleman Rhubarb farmer of Hollybush House'.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Eight Ages of Hollybush |url=https://friendsofhollybush.org.uk/history/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=Friends of Hollybush }}</ref> Hollybush Farm, under Whitwell, poineered [[Rhubarb forcer|forced rhubarb]], he was known as the largest commercial grower in the area.<ref>{{cite web |last=westleedslife |date=30 May 2024 |title=Blue plaque celebrates rhubarb pioneer at Hollybush Farm |url=https://westleedsdispatch.com/blue-plaque-celebrates-rhubarb-pioneer-at-hollybush-farm/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=West Leeds Dispatch }}</ref> This led to the creation of the [[Rhubarb Triangle|rhubarb triangle]].

== 2015 Boxing Day Floods ==
In 2015 Kirkstall was subject to major flooding, affecting over 3,000 properties. The River Aire banks broke leaving vast areas of Kirkstall under deep water, reaching record levels according to the Environment Agency.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/latest-news/leeds-floods-from-the-air-see-full-extent-of-the-devastation-1-7644729|title=Leeds floods from the air: See full extent of the devastation|date=29 December 2015|work=Yorkshire Post|access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/news/2015-leeds-floods-day-will-leave-lasting-memory-593585|title=2015 Leeds floods: The day that will leave lasting memory|date=26 December 2017|work=Yorkshire Evening Post|access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>

During the floods which reached national news, two local men were pictured at a pub the ‘Kirkstall Bridge Inn’ in the beer garden submerged in water drinking pints, the image has since become viral.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/34836397/leeds-pub-garden-floods-men-go-for-pint-anyway|title=Leeds pub garden floods, men go for pint anyway|date=16 November 2015|work=BBC Newsbeat|access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>

{{NSEW|[[West Park, Leeds|West Park]]|[[Armley]]|[[Burley, Leeds|Burley]]|[[Bramley, Leeds|Bramley]]|||||}}

==Notable people==
*Cricketer [[Frederick Asquith]] (1870–1916), a wicket-keeper for [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire]], was born in Kirkstall.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://yorkshireccc.com/news/view/4468/throwback-thursday-died-100-years-ago-three-yorkshire-cricketers|title=Throwback Thursday: DIED 100 YEARS AGO – THREE YORKSHIRE CRICKETERS|publisher=Yorkshire County Cricket Club|date=18 February 2016|access-date=7 February 2018}}</ref>
*[[Harold White (English cricketer)|Harold White]] (1876–1965), cricketer
*[[Mel B]]
*[[Jake Thackray]]
*[[Philip Stone]]

==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in Leeds (Kirkstall Ward)]]
*[[Kirkstall Abbey]]
*[[Kirkstall Brewery]]
*[[Kirkstall Forge railway station]]
*[[Kirkstall Valley campaign]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Kirkstall}}
* http://www.kirkstall.org.uk – for all things Kirkstall
*{{Genuki|county=WRY|Leeds||Kirkstall}}

{{City of Leeds}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Kirkstall| ]]
[[Category:Places in Leeds]]