Editing Kingston, Tennessee

{{distinguish|Kingsport, Tennessee}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Kingston, Tennessee
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Kingston-from-4th-tn1.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Kingston
|image_flag               = Flag of Kingston, Tennessee.png
|image_seal               =
|image_blank_emblem       = Logo of Kingston, Tennessee.png
|blank_emblem_type        = Logo

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = File:Roane County Tennessee Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Kingston Highlighted 4739620.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Kingston in Roane County, Tennessee.
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Tennessee]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Tennessee|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Roane County, Tennessee|Roane]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = Settled
|established_date         = 1792
|established_title2       = Incorporated
|established_date2        = 1799<ref>''[http://www.state.tn.us/sos/bluebook/05-06/48-data.pdf Tennessee Blue Book]'', 2005-2006, pp. 618-625.</ref>
|named_for                = Maj. Robert King, officer at [[Fort Southwest Point]]<ref name=williams />

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='47'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 21.18
|area_land_km2            = 18.88
|area_water_km2           = 2.30
|area_total_sq_mi         = 8.18
|area_land_sq_mi          = 7.29
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.89

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
|population_total         = 5953
|population_density_km2   = 315.31
|population_density_sq_mi = 816.60

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_m              = 
|elevation_ft             = 764
|coordinates              = {{coord|35|52|51|N|84|30|31|W|region:US-TN_type:city|display=inline,title}}<ref name=gnis/>
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 37763
|area_code                = [[Area code 865|865]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 47-39620<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = Feature ID = 1290257 <ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1290257}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://kingstontn.gov/|City website}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
}}

'''Kingston''' is a city in and the [[county seat]]<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> of [[Roane County, Tennessee]], United States. This city is thirty-six miles southwest of [[Knoxville, Tennessee|Knoxville]]. It had a population of 5,934 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 United States census]],<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US4739620| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212195840/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US4739620| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Kingston city, Tennessee| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=January 28, 2013}}</ref> and is included in the [[Harriman, Tennessee Micropolitan Statistical Area]]. Kingston is adjacent to [[Watts Bar Lake]].

==History==
Kingston has its roots in [[Fort Southwest Point]], which was built just south of present-day Kingston in 1792. At the time, Southwest Point was on the fringe of the legal settlement area for Euro-Americans. A [[Cherokee]] village, headed by Chief Tollunteeskee, was situated just across the river, at what is now [[Rockwood, Tennessee|Rockwood]]. In 1805, [[Return J. Meigs, Sr.|Colonel Return J. Meigs]], who operated out of Southwest Point, was appointed Cherokee Agent, effectively moving the agency from the [[Tellico Blockhouse]] to Southwest Point. The city of Kingston was established on October&nbsp;23, 1799, as part of an effort to partition [[Knox County, Tennessee|Knox County]] (the initial effort to form a separate county failed, but succeeded two years later).<ref>Snyder Roberts, "[http://www.roanetn.com/rnhist.htm Thumbnail Sketch of Early Roane County History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509170738/http://www.roanetn.com/rnhist.htm |date=2008-05-09 }}," 1969.  Transcribed for web content by Pat Roberts McDonald, 2007.  Retrieved:  January 2, 2008.</ref>  Kingston was named after Major Robert King, an officer at Fort Southwest Point in the 1790s.<ref name=williams>Samuel Cole Williams, ''Early Travels in the Tennessee Country, 1540–1800'' (Johnson City, Tenn.: The Watauga Press, 1928), 500.</ref>

[[File:Kingston-capitol-building-1889-Steinwehr.jpg|left|210px|thumb|Building in Kingston used briefly as Tennessee's state capitol in 1807, photographed in 1889]]

On September 21, 1807, Kingston was Tennessee's [[List of capitals in the United States|state capital]] for one day. The [[Tennessee General Assembly]] convened in Kingston that day due to an agreement with the Cherokee, who had been told that if the Cherokee Nation ceded the land that is now [[Roane County, Tennessee|Roane County]], Kingston would become the capital of Tennessee. After adjourning that day, the Assembly resumed meeting in Knoxville.<ref>Roane County Heritage Commission, "[http://www.roanealliance.org/community/community_history.html History of Roane County] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051215181830/http://www.roanealliance.org/community/community_history.html |date=2005-12-15 }}," 1997.  Retrieved:  January&nbsp;2, 2008.</ref>

At the outset of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] in 1861, Kingston was selected as the site of the third session of the [[East Tennessee Convention]], which attempted to form a new, Union-aligned state in East Tennessee.  Due to the Confederate occupation of the region, however, this third session, which was scheduled for August 1861, never took place.<ref name=temple1>Oliver Perry Temple, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=g8xYAAAAMAAJ&dq=east+tennessee+civil+war+%22knoxville-greeneville+convention%22&pg=PA340 The Knoxville-Greeneville Convention of 1861]," ''East Tennessee and the Civil War'' (R. Clarke Company, 1899), p. 351.</ref>  In October 1861, [[William B. Carter]] and several co-conspirators planned the [[East Tennessee bridge burnings]] from a command post in Kingston.<ref name=madden>David Madden, "Unionist Resistance to Confederate Occupation: The Bridge Burners of East Tennessee," East Tennessee Historical Society ''Publications'', Vols. 52-53 (1980–1981), pp. 22-40.</ref> On November 24, 1863, [[Confederate Cavalry]] under [[Joseph Wheeler]] numbering about 500–1,000 men tried to take Kingston from the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] in the [[Battle of Kingston]], but they were unsuccessful.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.roanetnheritage.com/research/military/civil%20war/04.htm|title=The Civil War In Roane County|website=www.roanetnheritage.com|access-date=January 3, 2018}}</ref>

In 1955, the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]] completed work on the [[Kingston Fossil Plant]], which at the time was the world's largest coal-burning power plant. The plant, which consumes roughly {{convert|14000|ST|t}} of coal daily, can produce up to 1,456&nbsp;megawatts of electricity.<ref>"[http://www.tva.gov/sites/kingston.htm TVA: Kingston Fossil Plant]." Retrieved:  January 2, 2008.</ref>  The plant's 1,000-foot (305 m) smokestacks are a familiar sight to those driving on the Roane County stretch of [[Interstate 40 in Tennessee|Interstate 40]]. On December&nbsp;22, 2008, a {{convert|40|acre|km2|adj=on}} impoundment containing fly ash slurry from the power plant [[Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill|broke]], spilling more than {{convert|1|e9USgal|m3}} of waste into the surrounding area.

==Geography==
[[File:Kingston-fossil-plant-tn4.jpg|thumb|right|The Kingston power plant]]
The town is situated at the confluence of the [[Clinch River|Clinch]], [[Emory River|Emory]], and [[Tennessee River|Tennessee]] rivers. These confluences are now part of Watts Bar Lake, a reservoir created by the impoundment of the Tennessee by [[Watts Bar Dam]] several miles to the southwest.<ref name=USGS>''Harriman, TN'' and ''Bacon Gap, TN,'' 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangles, USGS, 2001 & 1981 revisions</ref><ref name=atlas>''Tennessee Atlas & Gazetteer,'' DeLorme, 10th ed. 2014, p.39 {{ISBN|0899333486}}</ref>

Kingston is located near the junction of [[U.S. Route 70 in Tennessee|U.S. Route 70]], which connects Kingston with [[Knoxville, Tennessee|Knoxville]] to the east and [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] to the west, and [[Tennessee State Route 58|State Route 58]], which connects Kingston with [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee|Oak Ridge]] to the northeast and [[Chattanooga, Tennessee|Chattanooga]] to the south. [[Interstate 40 in Tennessee|Interstate 40]] passes through Kingston, running roughly parallel to U.S. 70.<ref name=USGS/><ref name=atlas/>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|20.3|sqkm|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|18.4|sqkm|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|1.9|sqkm|disp=flip}}, or 9.56%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010"/>

===Climate===
{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Kingston, Tennessee, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000&ndash;present

|Jan record high F = 74
|Feb record high F = 81
|Mar record high F = 86
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 94
|Jun record high F = 104
|Jul record high F = 106
|Aug record high F = 102
|Sep record high F = 99
|Oct record high F = 95
|Nov record high F = 84
|Dec record high F = 75

|Jan avg record high F = 65.6
|Feb avg record high F = 70.4
|Mar avg record high F = 79.1
|Apr avg record high F = 85.1
|May avg record high F = 89.1
|Jun avg record high F = 94.4
|Jul avg record high F = 95.4
|Aug avg record high F = 94.5
|Sep avg record high F = 92.0
|Oct avg record high F = 85.1
|Nov avg record high F = 74.1
|Dec avg record high F = 67.5
|year avg record high F = 96.9

<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =46.3
| Feb high F  =51.2
| Mar high F  =60.5
| Apr high F  =70.4
| May high F  =78.1
| Jun high F  =85.0
| Jul high F  =87.7
| Aug high F  =87.1
| Sep high F  =82.1
| Oct high F  =71.6
| Nov high F  =58.8
| Dec high F  =49.0
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =37.1
| Feb mean F  =40.8
| Mar mean F  =48.9
| Apr mean F  =58.0
| May mean F  =66.9
| Jun mean F  =74.6
| Jul mean F  =77.8
| Aug mean F  =77.0
| Sep mean F  =71.5
| Oct mean F  =59.9
| Nov mean F  =48.1
| Dec mean F  =40.3
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =27.9
| Feb low F  =30.4
| Mar low F  =37.2
| Apr low F  =45.6
| May low F  =55.7
| Jun low F  =64.2
| Jul low F  =68.0
| Aug low F  =66.8
| Sep low F  =61.0
| Oct low F  =48.2
| Nov low F  =37.4
| Dec low F  =31.6

|Jan avg record low F = 11.9
|Feb avg record low F = 17.4
|Mar avg record low F = 22.6
|Apr avg record low F = 31.9
|May avg record low F = 40.2
|Jun avg record low F = 54.6
|Jul avg record low F = 59.7
|Aug avg record low F = 59.5
|Sep avg record low F = 49.8
|Oct avg record low F = 33.9
|Nov avg record low F = 23.7
|Dec avg record low F = 19.5
|year avg record low F = 10.4

|Jan record low F = 0
|Feb record low F = 3
|Mar record low F = 15
|Apr record low F = 25
|May record low F = 32
|Jun record low F = 47
|Jul record low F = 54
|Aug record low F = 53
|Sep record low F = 40
|Oct record low F = 29
|Nov record low F = 16
|Dec record low F = 3

<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =5.46
| Feb precipitation inch  =5.95
| Mar precipitation inch  =5.37
| Apr precipitation inch  =5.46
| May precipitation inch  =4.66
| Jun precipitation inch  =4.72
| Jul precipitation inch  =5.21
| Aug precipitation inch  =3.90
| Sep precipitation inch  =4.27
| Oct precipitation inch  =3.22
| Nov precipitation inch  =4.54
| Dec precipitation inch  =6.05

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 10.1
|Feb precipitation days = 10.2
|Mar precipitation days = 10.7
|Apr precipitation days = 9.9
|May precipitation days = 9.8
|Jun precipitation days = 11.3
|Jul precipitation days = 11.0
|Aug precipitation days = 8.8
|Sep precipitation days = 7.3
|Oct precipitation days = 7.4
|Nov precipitation days = 8.5
|Dec precipitation days = 10.4

<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =1.1
| Feb snow inch  =0.6
| Mar snow inch  =0.0
| Apr snow inch  =0.0
| May snow inch  =0.0
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.0
| Nov snow inch  =0.0
| Dec snow inch  =0.1

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.5
|Feb snow days = 0.3
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.1
|Dec snow days = 0.1
|year snow days = 1.0

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00404871&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Kinston, TN
|access-date = May 22, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 2006&ndash;2020)<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=mrx
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Morristown
|access-date = May 22, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1850= 386
|1860= 307
|1870= 739
|1880= 858
|1900= 548
|1910= 824
|1920= 516
|1930= 827
|1940= 880
|1950= 1627
|1960= 2010
|1970= 4142
|1980= 4441
|1990= 4552
|2000= 5264
|2010= 5934
|2020= 5953
|footnote=Sources:<ref name="GR9">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 4, 2012|title=Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses}}</ref><ref name=CensusPopEst>{{cite web|title=Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|work=Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=December 11, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611010502/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|archive-date=June 11, 2013}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:47&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+Kingston racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4739620&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 27, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!scope="col"| Race
!scope="col"| Number
!scope="col"| Percentage
|-
!scope="row"| [[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic)
| 5,309
| 89.18%
|-
!scope="row"| [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic)
| 203
| 3.41%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
| 9
| 0.15%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
| 56
| 0.94%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]
| 2
| 0.03%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
| 242
| 4.07%
|-
!scope="row"| [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
| 132
| 2.22%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 5,953 people, 2,225 households, and 1,335 families residing in the city.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 5,264 people, 2,263 households, and 1,532 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|803.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,478 housing units at an average density of {{convert|378.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 93.75% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.55% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.23% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.49% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.23% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.69% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.97% of the population.

[[File:Kingston-Old-Courthouse-tn3.jpg|thumb|left|The Old Courthouse in Kingston, built in the 1850s]]

There were 2,263 households, out of which 26.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65&nbsp;years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.77.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65&nbsp;years of age or older. The median age was 42&nbsp;years. For every 100&nbsp;females there were 88.8&nbsp;males. For every 100&nbsp;females age&nbsp;18 and over, there were 87.0&nbsp;males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,071, and the median income for a family was $44,979. Males had a median income of $40,186 versus $22,971 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,301. About 6.0% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.6% of those under age&nbsp;18 and 8.9% of those age&nbsp;65 or over.

==Newspapers==
Roane County News

==Notable people==
*[[Robert K. Byrd]] (1823&ndash;1885), Union Army colonel and state senator
*[[George Lewis Gillespie, Jr.]] (1841&ndash;1913), U.S. Army general and Medal of Honor recipient
*[[Jennie Jackson]] (1852–1910), one of the original [[Fisk Jubilee Singers]]
*[[Martin W. Littleton]] (1872&ndash;1934), U.S. congressman and attorney, known for defending [[Harry Kendall Thaw|Harry Thaw]] at his murder trial
*[[Sam Rayburn]] (1882&ndash;1961), U.S. congressman and [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]]
*[[Bowden Wyatt]] (1917&ndash;1969), University of Tennessee football coach
*[[Wil Crowe]] Professional baseball player for the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Kingston, Tennessee}}
*{{official website|https://kingstontn.gov/}}
*[http://www.mtas.tennessee.edu/gml-mtas.nsf/Webstatecityinfo/6DBBF494375DC47A85256AF7005EDA8F?OpenDocument Municipal Technical Advisory Service entry for Kingston] — information on local government, elections, and link to charter

{{Roane County, Tennessee}}
{{Tennessee county seats}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Cities in Roane County, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States|Tennessee]]
[[Category:County seats in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Tennessee populated places on the Tennessee River]]