Editing Kellogg, Idaho

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Kellogg, Idaho
| settlement_type          = [[City]]
| image_skyline            = Drone_view_from_Kellogg,_Idaho.jpg
| imagesize                = 250px
| image_caption            = Drone view from Kellogg, Idaho
| image_map                = File:Shoshone County Idaho Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Kellogg Highlighted 1642580.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location of Kellogg in Shoshone County, Idaho
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Idaho]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Idaho|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Shoshone County, Idaho|Shoshone]]
<!-- Government -->
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_16.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 9, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi         = 4.01
| area_land_sq_mi          = 3.97
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.04
| area_total_km2           = 10.39
| area_land_km2            = 10.29
| area_water_km2           = 0.09
<!-- Population  ----->
| population_footnotes     = <ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>
| population_total         = 2120
| population_as_of         = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_density_sq_mi = 537.49
| population_density_km2   = 207.52
| population_urban         = 
| population_note          = 
<!-- General information ---->
| timezone                 = [[Pacific Time Zone|PST]]
| utc_offset               = -8
| timezone_DST             = PDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -7
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 2494
| coordinates              = {{coord|47|32|06|N|116|07|36|W|region:US-ID|display=inline,title}}
<!-- Area/postal codes and others ----->
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 83837
| area_code                = [[Area codes 208 and 986|208, 986]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 16-42580
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2410173<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410173}}</ref>
| website                  = {{URL|http://kellogg.id.gov/}}
}}

'''Kellogg''' is a city in the [[Silver Valley (Idaho)|Silver Valley]] of [[Shoshone County, Idaho|Shoshone County]], [[Idaho]], United States, in the [[Idaho Panhandle]] region.  The city lies near the [[Coeur d'Alene National Forest]] and about 36 miles (58&nbsp;km) east-southeast of [[Coeur d'Alene, Idaho|Coeur d'Alene]] along [[Interstate 90 in Idaho|Interstate 90]].  As of the [[2010 United States Census]], the city had a total population of 2,120, down by a third from its population in 1980.

==History==
[[File:Idaho - Kellogg through Ketchum - NARA - 23939441 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Bunker Hill Mill in Kellogg, 1938]]
[[File:Bunker Hill smelter operating in winter snow, 1970s.jpg|thumb|left|Bunker Hill smelter in operation during the 1970s]]
[[File:WLA hmns Pyromorphite 3.jpg|thumb|left|[[Pyromorphite]] specimen from the [[Bunker Hill Mining Company|Bunker Hill Mine]]]]
Kellogg was incorporated in 1907.  The city limits included mine property in 1955, and smelter property in 1956.  The population in 1960 was about 6000.<ref name="Aiken">{{cite book |last1=Aiken |first1=Katherine |title=Idaho's Bunker Hill: the rise and fall of a great mining company, 1885-1981 |date=15 January 2008 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |location=Norman |isbn=9780806138985 |pages=53,140,153}}</ref>

Kellogg is named after a [[Prospecting|prospector]] named Noah Kellogg.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://spokanehistorical.org/items/show/516 | title=Kellogg: Center of Silver Valley - A Town Founded by a Donkey }}</ref> The city became a center of mining for silver. Nearly a century of mine operations produced an extensive amount of silver. There was also a history of [[Coeur d'Alene miners' dispute|disputes between union miners and mine owners]] as workers tried to improve their conditions, including wages and safety conditions. With declining yield, the [[Bunker Hill Mining Company|Bunker Hill Mine (& smelter)]] closed in 1981. Thousands lost their jobs, and the mining operations resulted in regional lead contamination of water and soil. Other mines reduced operations, as well.

Since the mines closed, Kellogg has been developing as a resort town to take advantage of its mountains for skiing and other activities.<ref name=gondsprk>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zFlYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BPoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7029%2C2626929 |work=Spokane Chronicle |last=Massey |first=Steve |title=Gondola sparks real estate buying spree in Silver Valley |date=July 20, 1990 |page=B6}}</ref> By 1990 a {{convert|3.1|mi|1}} long track gave access by gondola from the city of Kellogg to an alpine ski lodge at {{convert|5700|ft|0}} on Kellogg Mountain.<ref name=fptwim>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=yiEuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B_oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5423%2C1966777 |newspaper=Spokane Chronicle |location=(Washington)|last=Massey |first=Steve |title=$5.3 million will improve resort |date=September 14, 1990 |page=A12}}</ref><ref name=dnidhsc>{{ cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wFlYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=C_oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5927%2C4249628|newspaper=Spokane Chronicle |location=(Washington)|agency=Weekend section |title=Destination North Idaho |date=June 30, 1990 |page=10}}</ref><ref name=hchrgop>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qlslAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MfEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2746%2C10184|newspaper=Spokesman-Review |last=Pressentin |first=Anne |title=Hundreds cheer gondola opening |date=July 1, 1990|page=A1}}</ref>

Condos, hotels, restaurants, shops, a water park, and a golf course have been developed in relation to [[Silver Mountain (Idaho)|Silver Mountain Resort]] on Kellogg Mountain. The city of Kellogg was featured in ''[[The New York Times]]'' travel section in 2008 as an up-and-coming resort town.<ref>{{cite news| last = Preusch| first = Mathew| title = A Mining Town With a Bleak Past Starts to Blossom| newspaper = The New York Times| date = January 18, 2008| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/travel/escapes/18havens.html?scp=1&sq=silver+mountain&_r=0| access-date = October 12, 2014}}</ref>

The [[Silver Mountain (Idaho)|Silver Mountain Resort]] is an alpine ski area which includes Kellogg Peak at {{convert|6297|ft|0}}<ref>{{Cite web|title = Kellogg Peak Fire Lookout Tower|url = http://www.firelookout.com/id/kelloggpeak.html|website = www.firelookout.com|access-date = 2015-12-17}}</ref> and Wardner Peak ({{convert|6200|ft|m|0}}). It is accessed by taking the world's longest single-cabin [[Gondola lift|gondola]].<ref name=fptwim/>

===Sunshine Mine===
In May 1972, the [[Sunshine mine|Sunshine Mine]] of Kellogg was the site of one of the worst U.S. [[mining accident]]s, resulting in a fire that caused the deaths of 91 miners. Eight days after the fire started, two men emerged from the mine. They were found on the 4800&nbsp;ft (1463 m) level of the mine near a fresh air source. All others trapped in the mine had died.

In the aftermath, the government passed new safety regulations. Every miner in the U.S. now carries a "[[Self-contained self-rescue device|self-rescuer]]" (a breathing apparatus made with [[hopcalite]] and much simpler than a [[SCBA]]), which gives the miner a chance to avoid death due to [[carbon monoxide]] poisoning.

Sunshine Mine remained open until February 16, 2001, producing 360 million troy ounces (11,000,000&nbsp;kg) of [[silver]]. {{As of|2005}} [[Sterling Mining]] has plans to continue exploration and development of the mine, exercising an option the company purchased in 2003.

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|4.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.96|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.05|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-12-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>
[[File:1907KelloggIdaho geologicmap.png|thumb|center|500px|1907 [[Geological map]] of Kellogg, and the locations of the Last Chance, Bunker Hill and Sullivan mines]]

==Climate==
Kellogg has a mixture of a dry-summer [[continental climate]] and a cold [[mediterranean climate]]. The area is prone to both heat spikes and cold snaps in spite of fairly moderate averages. The record heat was {{convert|111|F|C}} in August 1961 and the record cold was {{convert|-36|F|C}} in December 1968.<ref name=NOWData/> The coldest daily maximum recorded was {{convert|-6|F|C}} during said 1968 cold snap.<ref name=NOWData/> On average between 1991 and 2020, the coldest maximum stood at {{convert|17|F|C}}.<ref name=NOWData/> [[Diurnal temperature variation]] is quite low in winter but very high in summer. As a result, warm summer nights are rare. The warmest on record is {{convert|74|F|C}} in June 2015, the only night in the 70s in the weather station's history.<ref name=NOWData/> <!-- as of 6 August 2022. --> During a normal year the warmest low is {{convert|64|F|C}}.<ref name=NOWData/>

{{Weather box 
|location = Kellogg, Idaho, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1905&ndash;present
|single line = Y
|collapsed = yes
| Jan record high F = 58
| Feb record high F = 68
| Mar record high F = 78
| Apr record high F = 93
| May record high F = 101
| Jun record high F = 107
| Jul record high F = 109
| Aug record high F = 111
| Sep record high F = 104
| Oct record high F = 92
| Nov record high F = 69
| Dec record high F = 61
| year record high F = 111
| Jan avg record high F = 49.3
| Feb avg record high F = 52.5
| Mar avg record high F = 65.1
| Apr avg record high F = 74.9
| May avg record high F = 85.8
| Jun avg record high F = 91.9
| Jul avg record high F = 97.5
| Aug avg record high F = 96.7
| Sep avg record high F = 88.4
| Oct avg record high F = 74.7
| Nov avg record high F = 58.0
| Dec avg record high F = 49.5
| year avg record high F = 99.2
| Jan high F = 37.0
| Feb high F = 41.5
| Mar high F = 49.6
| Apr high F = 57.8
| May high F = 68.6
| Jun high F = 74.7
| Jul high F = 84.9
| Aug high F = 84.3
| Sep high F = 73.4
| Oct high F = 58.0
| Nov high F = 44.1
| Dec high F = 36.3
| year high F = 
| Jan mean F = 29.3
| Feb mean F = 32.0
| Mar mean F = 38.4
| Apr mean F = 45.0
| May mean F = 54.2
| Jun mean F = 60.4
| Jul mean F = 67.7
| Aug mean F = 66.6
| Sep mean F = 57.2
| Oct mean F = 45.2
| Nov mean F = 35.6
| Dec mean F = 29.0
| year mean F = 
| Jan low F = 21.7
| Feb low F = 22.6
| Mar low F = 27.1
| Apr low F = 32.3
| May low F = 39.6
| Jun low F = 46.0
| Jul low F = 50.5
| Aug low F = 48.8
| Sep low F = 41.0
| Oct low F = 32.5
| Nov low F = 27.1
| Dec low F = 21.8
| year low F = 
| Jan avg record low F = 5.0
| Feb avg record low F = 9.8
| Mar avg record low F = 17.7
| Apr avg record low F = 25.5
| May avg record low F = 30.4
| Jun avg record low F = 37.6
| Jul avg record low F = 43.0
| Aug avg record low F = 40.6
| Sep avg record low F = 32.4
| Oct avg record low F = 22.1
| Nov avg record low F = 15.8
| Dec avg record low F = 7.0
| year avg record low F = -0.7
| Jan record low F = -27
| Feb record low F = -26
| Mar record low F = -9
| Apr record low F = 6
| May record low F = 20
| Jun record low F = 30
| Jul record low F = 31
| Aug record low F = 28
| Sep record low F = 11
| Oct record low F = 0
| Nov record low F = -11
| Dec record low F = -36
| year record low F = -36
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 4.29
| Feb precipitation inch = 3.06
| Mar precipitation inch = 3.66
| Apr precipitation inch = 2.89
| May precipitation inch = 2.88
| Jun precipitation inch = 2.73
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.15
| Aug precipitation inch = 0.82
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.32
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.11
| Nov precipitation inch = 4.55
| Dec precipitation inch = 3.45
| year precipitation inch = 33.91
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch
| Jan precipitation days = 18.0
| Feb precipitation days = 15.3
| Mar precipitation days = 17.2
| Apr precipitation days = 16.4
| May precipitation days = 13.9
| Jun precipitation days = 11.7
| Jul precipitation days = 5.8
| Aug precipitation days = 5.0
| Sep precipitation days = 6.9
| Oct precipitation days = 12.8
| Nov precipitation days = 17.8
| Dec precipitation days = 18.1
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan snow inch = 15.1
| Feb snow inch = 12.0
| Mar snow inch = 6.4
| Apr snow inch = 0.7
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.0
| Nov snow inch = 4.4
| Dec snow inch = 13.8
| year snow inch = 
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 8.9
|Feb snow days = 6.5
|Mar snow days = 3.6
|Apr snow days = 0.8
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 3.0
|Dec snow days = 9.5

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00104831&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access - Station: KELLOGG, ID
|access-date = October 11, 2022
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=otx
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data - NWS Spokane, WA
|access-date = October 11, 2022
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1910 = 1278
| 1920 = 3017
| 1930 = 4124
| 1940 = 4235
| 1950 = 4913
| 1960 = 5061
| 1970 = 3811
| 1980 = 3417
| 1990 = 2591
| 2000 = 2395
| 2010 = 2120
| 2020 = 2314
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=December 16, 2023}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-12-18}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,120 people, 903 households, and 526 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|535.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,202 housing units at an average density of {{convert|303.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 2.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.0% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.2% of the population.

There were 903 households, of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.7% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 40.4 years. 24.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 2,395 people, 1,023 households, and 603 families residing in the village. The population density was {{convert|1,235.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,239 housing units at an average density of {{convert|639.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.70% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|White]], 0.13% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|African American]], 1.59% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Native American]], 0.25% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Asian]], 0.25% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Pacific Islander]], 0.46% from [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|other races]], and 2.63% from two or more races.  [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Hispanic]] or [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Latino]] of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 1,023 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,898, and the median income for a family was $32,260. Males had a median income of $29,214 versus $17,391 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $16,274. About 17.3% of families and 21.8% of the population were below the [[Poverty threshold|poverty line]], including 30.2% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
Intercity bus service to the city is provided by [[Jefferson Lines]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jeffersonlines.com/bus-stops/idaho/|title=Idaho Bus Stops|access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

==Further reading==
* Brock, James.  ''The Sunshine Mine Disaster''.  [[Moscow, Idaho|Moscow]]: [[University of Idaho|U of Idaho P]], 1995.
* Conley, Cort.  ''Idaho for the Curious''.  [[Cambridge, Idaho|Cambridge]]: Backeddy, 1982, 457–487.
* [[Gregg Olsen|Olsen, Gregg]].  ''The Deep Dark: Disaster and Redemption in America's Richest Silver Mine''.  [[New York City|New York]]: [[Crown Publishing Group|Three Rivers]], 2006.
* Weston, Julie Whitesel, "The Good Times Are All Gone Now:  Life, Death and Rebirth in an Idaho Mining Town."  (University of Oklahoma Press, 2009).

==External links==
* {{official website|http://kellogg.id.gov}} - City of Kellogg
* [http://silvervalleychamber.com/ Chamber of Commerce] - Silver Valley Chamber of Commerce
* ''[http://www.shoshonenewspress.com Shoshone News Press]'' - county newspaper
*[http://digital.lib.uidaho.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=any&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOROOT=/bar-stock&CISOBOX1=Kellogg University of Idaho Library] - various images of early Kellogg

{{Shoshone County, Idaho}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Idaho]]
[[Category:Cities in Shoshone County, Idaho]]