Editing Kathleen Kenyon

{{Short description|British archaeologist (1906–1978)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2013}}
{{Infobox academic
| honorific_prefix= [[Dame]]
| name            = Kathleen Kenyon
| honorific_suffix= {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|DBE|FBA|FSA|size=100%}}
| image           = Kathleen Kenyon.jpg 
| image_size      = 220px
| alt = 
| caption         = 
| birth_name      = Kathleen Mary Kenyon
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1906|1|5|df=y}}
| birth_place     = London, England, United Kingdom
| death_date      = {{death date and age|1978|8|24|1906|1|5|df=y}} 
| death_place     = [[Wrexham]], Wales, United Kingdom
| period = 
| occupation = 
| title =
| known_for       = Excavation of [[Tell es-Sultan]] ([[Jericho]]) <br /> Excavation of [[Jewry Wall]] <br /> [[Wheeler–Kenyon method]]
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| discipline      = [[Archaeology]]
| sub_discipline  = [[Neolithic]] <br /> [[Ancient Near East]] <br /> [[Archaeological theory]]
| movement        = <!-- Should match the idiologial movement or denomination (for religious), "school" of thought etc. (e.g. "Anglican", "Postmodernist", "Socialist" or "Green" etc. -->
| religion        = <!-- Religion should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
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| education       = [[St Paul's Girls' School]]
| alma_mater      = [[Somerville College, Oxford]]
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| workplaces      = [[UCL Institute of Archaeology|Institute of Archaeology]] <br /> [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]]
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}}
'''Dame Kathleen Mary Kenyon''', {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|DBE|FBA|FSA|size=100%|sep=,}} (5 January 1906 – 24 August 1978) was a British [[archaeologist]] of [[Neolithic]] culture in the [[Fertile Crescent]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dame Kathleen Kenyon |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kathleen-Kenyon |website=Britannica.com |access-date=8 October 2022}}</ref> She led excavations of [[Tell es-Sultan]], the site of ancient [[Jericho]], from 1952 to 1958, and has been called one of the most influential archaeologists of the 20th century.<ref>Davis, Miram. C. (2008), Digging Up the Holy Land, 11.</ref> She was [[Master (college)|Principal]] of [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]], from 1962 to 1973, having undertaken her own studies at [[Somerville College, Oxford]].

==Biography==
Kathleen Kenyon was born in London, England, in 1906. She was the eldest daughter of Sir [[Frederic Kenyon]], [[Bible|biblical]] scholar and later director of the [[British Museum]]. Her grandfather was lawyer and Fellow of [[All Souls College]], [[John Robert Kenyon]], and her great-great-grandfather was the politician and lawyer [[Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Davis |first=Miriam C |date=2016-09-16 |title=Dame Kathleen Kenyon |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315430690 |doi=10.4324/9781315430690|isbn=9781315430690 }}</ref> She grew up in [[Bloomsbury]], in a house attached to the British Museum, with her mother, Amy Kenyon, and sister Nora Kenyon. Known for being hard-headed and stubborn, Kathleen grew up as a [[tomboy]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Davis |first=Miriam C. |title=Dame Kathleen Kenyon: Digging Up the Holy Land |publisher=Left Coast Press, Inc. |year=2008 |isbn=9781598743265 |location=Walnut Creek, CA |pages=16 |language=English}}</ref> fishing, climbing trees and playing a variety of sports.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kenyon, Dame Kathleen Mary (1906–1978), archaeologist |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-31306 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/31306}}</ref>

Determined that she and her sister should be well educated, Kathleen's father encouraged wide reading and independent study. In later years Kenyon would remark that her father's position at the British Museum was particularly helpful for her education. Kathleen was an excellent student, winning awards at school and particularly excelling in history.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Kathleen Kenyon |url=https://www.some.ox.ac.uk/eminent/kathleen-kenyon/ |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Somerville College Oxford |date=10 June 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> She studied first at [[St Paul's Girls' School]], where she was head girl, before winning an [[Exhibition (scholarship)|Exhibition]] to read history at [[Somerville College, Oxford]].<ref name="auto"/> While at Oxford, Kenyon won a [[Blue (university sport)|Blue]] in [[University Match (hockey)|hockey]] and became the first female president of the Oxford University Archaeological Society.<ref name="auto"/> She graduated in 1928 with a third class degree and began a career in archaeology the following year.<ref name="auto"/>

Although working on several important sites across Europe, it was her excavations in [[Tell es-Sultan]] (Jericho) in the 1950s that established her as one of the foremost archaeologists in the field.<ref name="auto"/> In 1962, Kenyon was made Principal of [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]].<ref name="auto"/> She retired in 1973 to [[Erbistock]] and was appointed a [[Dame Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire|DBE]]. Kenyon never married.<ref name=DavisBroshi/> From 1974, Kenyon was the honorary vice president of the Chester Archaeological Society.<ref name=Chester>{{citation |author=Chester Archaeological Society |title=Obituary: Dame Kathleen Kenyon |year=1978 |journal=Journal of the Chester Archaeological Society |volume=61 |page=96}}</ref>

==Archaeological career==
A career in archaeology was first suggested to Kathleen by [[Margery Fry]], librarian at [[Somerville College]].<ref name="auto"/> After graduation Kenyon's first field experience was as a photographer for the pioneering excavations at [[Great Zimbabwe]] in 1929, led by [[Gertrude Caton Thompson]].<ref name="auto"/> 

Returning to England, Kenyon joined the archaeologist couple [[Tessa Wheeler]] and her husband [[Mortimer Wheeler]] on their excavation of the Romano-British settlement of [[Verulamium]] (St Albans), 20 miles North of London. Working there each summer between 1930 and 1935, Kenyon learned from Mortimer Wheeler the discipline of meticulously controlled and recorded [[stratigraphic]] excavation.<ref name=":0" /> Wheeler entrusted her with the direction of the excavation of the [[Roman Theatre, St Albans|Roman theatre]].{{cn|date=February 2025}}

In the years 1931 to 1934, Kenyon worked simultaneously at [[Samaria]], then under the administration of the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate for Palestine]], with [[John Crowfoot|John]] and [[Grace Crowfoot]]. There she cut a stratigraphic trench across the summit of the mound and down the Northern and Southern slopes, exposing the Iron II to the Roman period stratigraphic sequence of the site. In addition to providing crucial dating material for the Iron Age stratigraphy of Palestine, she obtained key stratified data for the study of late Hellenistic and early Roman eastern ''[[terra sigilata]]'' wares. In 1957, Kenyon introduced categories [[Eastern sigillata A|A]], [[Eastern sigillata B|B]], [[Eastern sigillata C|C]], to classify eastern ''sigillata'' but without determining the exact place of manufacture.<ref>{{cite book|last=Van Doorselaer|first=André|title=Archaeological and historical aspects of West-European societies: album amicorum|year=1996|publisher=Leuven University Press|isbn=978-90-6186-722-7|pages=500–501|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2NAAS5jBI-IC&dq=Eastern+sigillata&pg=PA500}} and Crowfoot, J. W., Crowfoot, G. M. H., Kenyon, K. M., & Palestine Exploration Fund. (1957). ''The objects from Samaria''. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.</ref> In 1934, Kenyon was closely associated with the Wheelers in the foundation of the Institute of Archaeology of [[University College London]].<ref name=":0" /> 

In the years leading up to the Second World War work in the Middle East became increasingly difficult, so,  from 1936 to 1939, she carried out important excavations at the [[Jewry Wall]] in [[Leicester]].<ref name=":1" />  The excavations were published in February 1937 in the ''[[Illustrated London News]]''  with pioneering reconstruction drawings by the artist [[Alan Sorrell]] whom she had happened to notice sketching her dig.<ref>"Alan Sorrell: The Man who created Roman Britain" by Julia Sorrell in British Archaeology No. 127 Nov/Dec 2012 pp 26–7</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001578/19370213/048/0014 |access-date=24 February 2025 |work=[[Illustrated London News]] |date=13 February 1937 |title=Leicester's Roman Forum 1800 Years Ago}}</ref> Kenyon initially thought the overall Jewry Wall site was that of the town [[Forum (Roman)|forum]].<ref name="LCC description">{{cite web |url=http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/ep/planning/conservation/scheduledmonuments/scheduledmonumentslist/jewrywall/ |publisher=Leicester City Council |title=Jewry Wall: Description of the Monuments |access-date=18 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114213027/http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/ep/planning/conservation/scheduledmonuments/scheduledmonumentslist/jewrywall/ |archive-date=14 January 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=anon>{{citation |author=Anon. |title=The Jewry Wall and Bath Complex |date=n.d. |publisher=Leicester City Council }}: pdf available at {{cite web |url=http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/ep/planning/conservation/scheduledmonuments/scheduledmonumentslist/jewrywall/ |publisher=Leicester City Council |title=Jewry Wall: Description of the Monuments |access-date=18 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114213027/http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/ep/planning/conservation/scheduledmonuments/scheduledmonumentslist/jewrywall/ |archive-date=14 January 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although she modified her views when she uncovered the remains of the baths, she continued to believe that the area had originally been laid out as the forum, with the Jewry Wall the west wall of the basilica, but argued that in a second phase of building the site had been converted to public baths.<ref name=anon/><ref>{{cite book|first=Kathleen M. |last=Kenyon |author-link=Kathleen Kenyon |title=Excavations at the Jewry Wall Site, Leicester |series=Society of Antiquaries of London Research Report |volume=15  |year=1948 |location=Oxford }}</ref> In a series of excavations undertaken between 1961 and 1972, the true remains of the forum were identified further east.<ref>Hebditch and Mellor 1972.</ref> The Jewry Wall was then identified as the wall of the ''[[palaestra]]'' (gymnasium) of the baths complex.<ref name="LCC description"/><ref name="HE list site">{{NHLE |num=1013312 |desc=Jewry Wall: remains of a Roman bath house, palaestra and Anglo-Saxon church |access-date=21 January 2017 }}</ref>

===Digging Jericho===
[[File:Plastered skull from Jericho 12741-42.jpg|thumb|[[Plastered human skulls|Plastered skull]] found in Jericho (Tell es-Sultan), Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, c. 7200 BC. BM 12741-42. This skull had the lower jaw removed, and the face modelled from lime plaster, with shells placed in eye sockets.]]
During the Second World War, Kenyon served as Divisional Commander of the [[British Red Cross]] in [[Hammersmith]], London, and later as acting director and secretary of the [[UCL Institute of Archaeology|Institute of Archaeology]] of the University of London.<ref name=":0" />

After the war, she excavated in [[Southwark]], at [[The Wrekin]], Shropshire, and elsewhere in Britain, as well as at [[Sabratha]], a Roman city in [[Libya]]. As a member of the Council of the [[British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem]] (BSAJ), Kenyon was involved in the efforts to reopen the School after the hiatus of the Second World War. In January 1951 she travelled to [[Jordan|Transjordan]] and undertook excavations in the [[West Bank]] at [[Jericho]] (Tell es-Sultan) on behalf of the BSAJ. The initial findings were first viewed by the public in the Dome of Discovery at the [[Festival of Britain]] 1951 with a reconstruction drawing by [[Alan Sorrell]]. Her work at Jericho, from 1952 until 1958, made her world-famous and established a lasting legacy in the archaeological methodology of the [[Levant]]. Ground-breaking discoveries concerning the [[Neolithic]] cultures of the Levant were made in this ancient settlement. Her excavation of the Early Bronze Age walled city and the external cemeteries of the end of the Early Bronze Age, together with her analysis of the stratified pottery of these periods established her as the leading authority on that period. Kenyon focused her attention on the absence of certain Cypriot pottery at City IV, arguing for an older destruction date than that of her predecessors. Jericho was recognised as the oldest continuously occupied settlement in history because of her discoveries. At the same time she also completed the publication of the excavations at Samaria. Her volume, ''Samaria Sebaste III: The Objects'', appeared in 1957. Having completed her excavations at Tell es-Sultan in 1958, Kenyon excavated in [[Jerusalem]] from 1961 to 1967, concentrating on the '[[City of David (archaeological site)|City of David]]' to the immediate south of the [[Temple Mount]].{{cn|date=February 2025}}

Although Kenyon had no doubt the sites she excavated were linked to the Old Testament narrative,{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} she nevertheless drew attention to inconsistencies, concluding that Solomon's "stables" at [[Tel Megiddo|Megiddo]] were totally impractical for holding horses (1978:72), and that Jericho fell long before Joshua's arrival (1978:35). Consequently, Kenyon's work has been cited to support the [[Biblical minimalism|minimalist school]] of [[Biblical archaeology]].{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

===Legacy===
[[File:WithKathleen Kenyon.jpg|thumb|right|Kenyon and [[Vassilios Tzaferis]] at an excavation in 1977]]
Kenyon's legacy in the field of excavation technique and ceramic methodology is attested to by [[Larry G. Herr]], one of the directors of the [[Madaba Plains Project]]. He attributes to her directly the first of the key events (after the advances made by [[William Foxwell Albright]] at [[Tell Beit Mirsim]] in the 1920s) that brought about our modern understanding of pottery in the southern Levant:

{{blockquote|"The first event was the refinement of stratigraphic techniques that Kathleen Kenyon's dig at Jericho catalyzed. The strict separation of earth layers, or archaeological sediments, also allowed the strict separation of ceramic assemblages".<ref name="Herr, Larry G. 2002">Herr, Larry G. (2002), "W.F. Albright and the History of Pottery in Palestine", ''Near Eastern Archaeology'' 65.1 (2002), 53.</ref>}}

Herr detects Kenyon's powerful indirect influence in the second event that promoted advance within ceramic methodology, namely:

{{blockquote|"the importation of Kenyon's digging techniques by [[Lawrence E. Toombs|Larry Toombs]] and [[Joe Callaway]] to [[G. Ernest Wright|Ernest Wright]]'s project at [[Tell Balata|Balata]]. Here, they combined Wright's interest in ceramic typology in the best Albright tradition with Kenyon's methods of excavation, which allowed the isolation of clear, stratigraphically determined pottery assemblages".<ref name="Herr, Larry G. 2002"/>}}

Herr summarises the somewhat mixed nature of Kenyon's legacy: for all the positive advances, there were also shortcomings:

{{blockquote|"Kenyon... did not capitalize fully on (the) implication of her stratigraphic techniques by producing final publications promptly. Indeed her method of digging, which most of us have subsequently adopted, causes a proliferation of loci that excavators often have difficulty keeping straight long enough to produce coherent published stratigraphic syntheses. Moreover, her insistence that excavation proceed in narrow trenches denies us, when we use the Jericho reports, the confidence that her loci, and the pottery assemblages that go with them, represent understandable human activity patterns over coherently connected living areas. The individual layers, insufficiently exposed horizontally, simply cannot be interpreted credibly in terms of function. This further makes publication difficult, both to produce and to use".<ref name="Herr, Larry G. 2002"/>}}

From 1948 to 1962, she lectured in Levantine archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. Kenyon's teaching complemented her excavations at Jericho and Jerusalem. In 1962, she was appointed [[Principal of St Hugh's College, Oxford]].<ref name=DavisBroshi>"Grand Kenyon," review of ''Dame Kathleen Kenyon'' by Miriam Davis, Magen Broshi, ''[[Haaretz]]'', Books, February 2009, p. 34</ref>

==Awards and commemoration==
In the [[1973 New Year Honours]], following her retirement from Oxford, she was appointed a Dame Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]] (DBE) "for services to archaeology";<ref name="LG DBE">{{London Gazette |issue= 45860 |date= 29 December 1972 |page= 7 |supp= |city= y }}</ref> she had received the CBE in the [[1954 New Year Honours]]. She was an elected Fellow of the [[British Academy]] (FBA) and of the [[Society of Antiquaries of London]] (FSA).<ref name="obit BA">{{cite journal |last1=Tushingham |first1=A. D. |author-link1=Doug Tushingham |title=Kathleen Mary Kenyon (1906 –1978) |journal=[[Proceedings of the British Academy]] |date=1985 |volume=71 |pages=555–582 |url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/71p555.pdf |access-date=23 June 2019 }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Kenyon, Dame Kathleen (Mary), (5 Jan. 1906–24 Aug. 1978), Principal of St Hugh's College, Oxford 1962–73 |url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-156332 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO |language=en |doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u156332}}</ref> She was made a Grand Officer of the [[Order of Independence (Jordan)|Order of Independence]] by the King of Jordan in 1977.<ref name=":2" />

The British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, amalgamated within the [[Council for British Research in the Levant]] (CBRL) in 1998, was officially renamed the [[Kenyon Institute]] on 10 July 2003 in honour of Kathleen Kenyon.<ref name=DavisBroshi/>

At St Hugh's College, Oxford, the Kenyon Building was constructed between 1964 and 1965 to provide student accommodation; designed by modern architect [[David Wyn Roberts|David Roberts]], the building has already been given a [[Listed building|heritage listing]].<ref>{{NHLE|desc=St Hugh's College Kenyon Building |num=1392941 |access-date=18 January 2015}}</ref> In 2025, the [[University of Leicester]] announced that their first academic building to be named after a woman would be the Dame Kathleen Kenyon Building, housing its Schools of Archaeology and Ancient History and Museum Studies.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-18 |title=University of Leicester to honour pioneering female archaeologist |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cn4z40l1y4no |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Kenyon collections ==
The Kathleen Kenyon Archaeology Collection, a collection of Kenyon's books and papers purchased from her estate in 1984, is housed at [[Baylor University]] in [[Waco, Texas]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bentsen|first1=Eileen M.|title=Discovering Archives|url=http://blogs.baylor.edu/4thfloor/2016/04/04/discovering-archives/|website=The 4th Floor|publisher=Baylor University|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112040233/http://blogs.baylor.edu/4thfloor/2016/04/04/discovering-archives/|archive-date=12 January 2018|date=4 April 2016}}</ref>

The finds from her excavations are held in a number of collections, including the British Museum,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishmuseum.org/about_us/past_exhibitions/2017/the_jericho_skull.aspx|title=The Jericho Skull: creating an ancestor|website=British Museum|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-07-13}}</ref> the [[British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Browse Collection |url=https://archives.le.ac.uk/CalmView/TreeBrowse.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&field=RefNo&key=SLS |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=archives.le.ac.uk}}</ref> and the [[UCL Institute of Archaeology]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/about/facilities/collections|title=Archaeology Collections at UCL|website=UCL Institute of Archaeology|publisher=University College London|language=en|access-date=2017-07-13}}</ref> while the bulk of archive material is located at the [[Manchester Museum]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Excavations by K. M. Kenyon in Jerusalem 1961–1967: Volume V Discoveries in Hellenistic to Ottoman Jerusalem Centenary volume: Kathleen M. Kenyon 1906–1978|last=Prag|first=Kay|publisher=Council for British Research in the Levant|year=2008|isbn=9781842173046|location=Oxford|pages=xvi}}</ref>

==Published works==
*1942 ''The Buildings at Samaria'', [Samaria-Sebaste I], London, 1942 (co-authored with Crowfoot, J.W. & Sukenik, E.L.)
*1948 ''Excavations at the Jewry Wall Site'', [Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London 15], Leicester, London: Society of Antiquaries, 1948.
*1949 ''Guide to Wroxeter Roman City'', London, 1949.
*1951 "Some Notes on the History of Jericho in the Second Millennium B.C.", ''PEQ'' 83 (1951), 101–138.
*1952 ''Beginning in Archaeology'', London, 1952.
*1952 "Early Jericho", ''Antiquity'' 26 (1952), 116–122.
*1953 ''Beginning in Archaeology'', second edition, London, 1953.
*1954 ''Guide to Ancient Jericho'', Jerusalem, 1954.
*1957 ''Digging Up Jericho'', London, 1957. (also published in Dutch, Hebrew, Italian, Spanish and Swedish editions).
*1957 ''The Objects from Samaria'', [Samaria-Sebaste III], London, 1957 (co-authored with Crowfoot, J.W. & Crowfoot, G.M.
*1958 "Some Notes on the Early and Middle Bronze Age Strata of Megiddo", ''Eretz Israel'' 5 (1958), pp.&nbsp;51–60.
*1959 ''Excavations at Southwark'', [Research Papers of [[Surrey Archaeological Society]] 5], 1959.
*1960 ''Archaeology in the Holy Land'', first edition, London, 1960.
*1960 ''Excavations at Jericho'' – Volume I Tombs Excavated in 1952–4, London 1960.
*1961 ''Beginning in Archaeology'', revised edition, London, 1961.
*1965 ''Archaeology in the Holy Land'', second edition, London, 1965.
*1965 ''Excavations at Jericho'' – Volume II Tombs Excavated in 1955–8, London, 1965.
*1965, "British Archaeology Abroad – Jerusalem", ''Antiquity'' 39 (1965), 36–37.
*1966 ''Amorites and Canaanites'', ([[Schweich Lectures]] Series, 1963), London : Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1966.
*1966 "Excavations in Jerusalem, 1965", ''PEQ'' (1966), 73–88.
*1967 ''Jerusalem – Excavating 3000 Years of History'', [New Aspects of Antiquity], London, 1967 (also published in a German edition).
*1969 "Middle and Late Bronze Age Strata at Megiddo", ''Levant'' 1 (1969), pp.&nbsp;25–60.
*1970 ''Archaeology in the Holy Land'', third edition, 1970 (also published in Dutch, Danish, German, Spanish and Swedish editions).
*1971 ''Royal Cities of the Old Testament'', London, 1971.
*1971 "An Essay on Archaeological Technique: the Publication of Results from the Excavation of a Tell", ''Harvard Theological Review'' 64 (1971), 271–279.
*1974 ''Digging up Jerusalem'', London : Benn, 1974.
*1974 "Tombs of the Intermediate Early Bronze – Middle Bronze Age at [[Tall al-Ajjul|Tel 'Ajjul]]", in Stewart, J.R. (ed.), ''Tell el Ajjul – the Middle Bronze Age Remains'', [App. 2. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology], Göteborg, 1974, 76–85.
*1978 ''The Bible and recent archaeology'', London : British Museum Publications Ltd, 1978.

==See also==
* [[Archaeology of Israel]]
* [[Kursi, Sea of Galilee]]
* [[Plastered human skulls]]
* [[Pre-Pottery Neolithic A]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Callaway, Joseph A. (1979), "Dame Kathleen Kenyon, 1906 -1978", ''[[The Biblical Archaeologist]]'' 42.2 (1979), pp.&nbsp;122–125.
*Davis, Miriam (2008), ''Dame Kathleen Kenyon: Digging Up the Holy Land'', Walnut Creek (CA), Left Coast Press, 304 pp.
*Dever, William G. (1978), "Kathleen Kenyon (1906–1978): A Tribute", ''[[BASOR]]'' 232 (1978), pp.&nbsp;3–4.
*Herr, Larry G. (2002), "W.F. Albright and the History of Pottery in Palestine", ''[[Near Eastern Archaeology Magazine|NEA]]'' 65.1 (2002), pp.&nbsp;51–55.
*Kenrick, Philip M. (1986), ''Excavations at Sabratha, 1948–1951: a Report on the Excavations conducted by Kathleen Kenyon and John Ward-Perkins'', (Journal of Roman Studies Monographs 2), London: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, 1986.
*Lönnqvist, Minna (2008) "Kathleen M. Kenyon 1906–1978, A hundred years after her birth,The formative years of a female archaeologist: From socio-politics to the stratigraphical method and the radiocarbon revolution in archaeology," in ''Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East'', Madrid, 3–8 April 2006, ed. by Joaquín Mª Córdoba, Miquel Molist, Mª Carmen Pérez, Isabel Rubio, Sergio Martínez, UAM Ediciones: Madrid 2008, Vol. II, pp.&nbsp;379–414.
*Moorey, P. Roger S. and Parr, Peter (eds) (1978), ''Archaeology in the Levant – Essays for Kathleen Kenyon'', Aris & Phillips, 1978.
*Steiner, Margreet L. (2001), ''Excavations by Kathleen M. Kenyon in Jerusalem 1961–1967, Volume III—The Settlement in the Bronze and Iron Ages'', London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001.

{{s-start}} 
{{s-aca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Evelyn Procter]]}} 
{{s-ttl|title=[[Principal (academia)|Principal]] of [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]]|years=1962 to 1973}} 
{{s-aft|after=[[Rachel Trickett]]}}
{{s-end}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kenyon, Kathleen}}
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1978 deaths]]
[[Category:British women archaeologists]]
[[Category:Biblical archaeologists]]
[[Category:Alumni of Somerville College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Fellows of St Hugh's College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:People educated at St Paul's Girls' School]]
[[Category:People associated with the UCL Institute of Archaeology]]
[[Category:Principals of St Hugh's College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:20th-century British women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century British women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century British archaeologists]]
[[Category:Ancient Jericho]]
[[Category:Great Zimbabwe]]