Editing Kamov Ka-25

{{Short description|Naval helicopter developed for the USSR}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name = Ka-25
 |image = File:Soviet Ka-25 Hormone-C (cropped).jpg
 |image_caption = A Soviet Ka-25 anti-submarine helicopter
 |aircraft_type = [[Anti-submarine warfare|Anti-submarine]] / Multi-purpose shipboard helicopter
 |manufacturer = [[Kamov]]
 |designer =
 |first_flight = 1961
 |introduction = 1968
 |retired =
 |status = Retired
 |primary_user = [[Soviet Navy]]
 |more_users = [[Russian Navy]]
 |produced =1966–1975
 |number_built = ~460
 |unit cost =
 |developed_from = [[Kamov Ka-20]]
 |variants = 
 |developed_into = [[Kamov Ka-27]]
}}

The '''Kamov Ka-25''' ([[NATO reporting name]] "'''Hormone'''") is a [[naval helicopter]], developed for the [[Soviet Navy]] in the [[USSR]] from 1958.

==Design and development==

In the late 1950s there was an urgent demand for anti-submarine helicopters for deployment on new ships equipped with helicopter platforms entering service with the [[Soviet Navy]]. Kamov's compact design was chosen for production in 1958. To speed the development of the new anti-submarine helicopter Kamov designed and built a prototype to prove the cabin and dynamic components layout; designated [[Kamov Ka-20|Ka-20]], this demonstrator was not equipped with mission equipment, corrosion protection or shipboard operational equipment. The Ka-20 was displayed at the 1961 Tushino Aviation Day display.

Definitive prototypes of the Ka-25 incorporated mission equipment and corrosion protection for the structure. The rotor system introduced aluminium alloy blades pressurised with nitrogen for crack detection, lubricated hinges, hydraulic powered controls, alcohol de-icing and automatic blade folding. Power was supplied by two free-turbine engines sat atop the cabin, with electrically de-iced inlets, plain lateral exhausts with no infrared countermeasures, driving the main gearbox directly and a cooling fan for the gearbox and hydraulic oil coolers aft of the main gearbox. Construction was of stressed skin [[duralumin]] throughout with flush-riveting, as well as some bonding and [[honeycomb sandwich]] panels. The 1.5m × 1.25m × 3.94m cabin had a sliding door to port flight deck forward of the cabin and fuel tanks underfloor filled using a pressure refueling nozzle on the port side. A short boom at the rear of the cabin had a central fin and twin toed-in fins at the ends of the tailplane mainly for use during auto-rotation. The undercarriage consisted of two noncastoring mainwheels with sprag brakes attached to the fuselage by parallel 'V' struts with a single angled shock absorber to dissipate landing loads, and two castoring nosewheels on straight shock absorbing legs attached directly to the fuselage either side of the cockpit which folded rearwards to reduce interference with the RADAR, all wheels were fitted with emergency rapid inflation flotation collars. Flying controls all act on the co-axial rotors with pitch, roll and collective similar to a conventional single rotor helicopter. Yaw was through differential collective which has a secondary effect of torque, an automatic mixer box ensured that total lift on the rotors remained constant during yaw maneuvers, to improve handling during deck landings. Optional extras included fold up seats for 12 passengers, rescue hoist, external auxiliary fuel tanks or containers for cameras, flares, smoke floats or beacons.

==Variants==
;Ka-25BSh: (NATO reporting name 'Hormone-A') Variants are used in the [[anti-submarine warfare]] role, equipped with [[radar]], dipping [[sonar]] and a towed [[magnetic anomaly detector|MAD]] and armed with [[torpedoes]] and nuclear or conventional [[depth-charge]]s.
;Ka-25BShZ: Mine-sweeping version, eight built.<ref name="Brassey">Taylor 1996, p. 316</ref>
;Ka-25C: Little-known upgrade.
;Ka-25F: Proposed assault version in competition with the [[Mil Mi-22 (1965)|Mi-22]] and the larger [[Mi-24]]. Modified with a glazed nose, cargo compartment with four doors, an under-fuselage turret with a [[GSh-23L]] and provision for up to six [[9M17 Phalanga|9M17 Phalanga Anti-tank missiles]] or six [[S-5 rocket|UB-16 rocket launchers, each with 16 S-5 rockets]] or bombs.
;Ka-25Ts: (NATO reporting name 'Hormone-B') Over The Horizon targeting version for relaying data to cruise missiles launched from surface warships and submarines. Anti-submarine equipment, Electronic Surveillance Measures and weapons bay removed and larger radar scanner/reflector in a bulged radome under the nose. Also recognisable by the semi-retractable landing gear and a small cylindrical data-link antenna under the rear fuselage.
[[Image:Kamov Ka-25K CCCP-21110 Le Bourget 03.06.67 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|Kamov Ka-25K in [[Aeroflot]] markings at the 1967 [[Paris Air Show]]]]
;Ka-25K: Civilian flying crane helicopter with a gondola under the lengthened nose for controlling slung loads up to {{convert|2000|kg|lb}}. Fitted with electrically de-iced rotor blades and optional seats for 12 passengers. A single prototype (SSSR-21110) flown in 1966.
;Ka-25PS: (NATO reporting name 'Hormone-C') [[Search and rescue]] and transport version with no weapons bay, radome as Ka-25BSh. Normal equipment included seats for 12, rescue winch, provision for stretchers and auxiliary tanks. Optional equipment included a homing receiver, Electronic Surveillance Measures, searchlight and loudspeaker. Ka-25PS helicopters were usually painted red and white.
;Ka-25T: (NATO reporting name 'Hormone-B') Possibly misidentified or incorrect designation for Ka-25Ts OTH targeting relay aircraft.
;Ka-25TL: Missile tracking version. Also known as the '''Ka-25TI''' and '''Ka-25IV'''.

==Operators==
[[File:KA25 Indian Navy Air Arm.jpg|thumb|Decommissioned Indian Navy Ka-25 at the [[Naval Aviation Museum (India)|Naval Aviation Museum]] in Goa.]]
[[File:Kamov Ka-25 at Ukraine State Aviation Museum.jpg|thumb|Decommissioned Ukrainian Navy Ka-25 at the [[Ukraine State Aviation Museum]] in Kyiv]]
'''Former operators'''
;{{BUL}}
* [[Bulgarian Navy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%203092.html |title= World Air Forces 1991 pg. 38|publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>
;{{IND}}
* [[Indian Naval Air Arm]]<ref name="World’s Air Forces 2013">{{cite web |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/airspace/media/reports_pdf/emptys/101015/world-air-forces-2013.pdf |title = World Air Forces 2013 |publisher= Flightglobal Insight |year= 2013 |access-date= 7 April 2013}}</ref>
;{{RUS}}
* [[Russian Naval Aviation]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203794.html|title= World Air Forces 2001 pg. 66|publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref> 
;{{USSR}}
* [[Soviet Naval Aviation]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202536.html |title=World Air Force 1987 pg. 86 |publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>
[[File:Kamov Ka-25 Hormon.JPG|thumb|[[Soviet Navy]] Ka-25 at the [[Central Air Force Museum|Monino Central Air Force Museum]] outside [[Moscow]].]]
;{{SYR}}
* [[Syrian Navy]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202541.html|title=World Air Force 1987 pg. 91|publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>
;{{UKR}}
* [[Ukrainian Naval Aviation]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203801.html|title= World Air Forces 2001 pg. 73|publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>
;{{VNM}}
* [[Vietnam People's Navy]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202555.html|title=World Air Force 1987 pg. 105|publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>
;{{YUG}}
* [[SFR Yugoslav Air Force|Yugoslav Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1987/1987%20-%202517.html|title=World Air Force 1987 pg. 67 |publisher= flightglobal.com |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref>

==Specifications (Ka-25BSh)==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=<ref name="Gunston">Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. {{ISBN|1-85532-405-9}} and Chant, Cris. "Warships Today". New York, Barnes & Noble Books. 2004. {{ISBN|0-7607-6700-9}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=4
|length m=9.75
|height m=5.37
|empty weight kg=4,765
|gross weight kg=7,500
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Glushenkov GTD-3F]]
|eng1 type=turboshaft
|eng1 kw=671

|rot number=2
|rot dia m=15.74
|rot area sqm=389.2
|rot area note=contra-rotating 3-bladed rotors
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=209
|cruise speed kmh=193
|range km=400
|ceiling m=3,350
<!--
        Armament
-->
|armament=
*{{convert|1900|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}} of disposable stores
}}

==See also==
{{aircontent|
|related=
* [[Kamov Ka-20]]
* [[Kamov Ka-27]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[Kaman SH-2 Seasprite]]
* [[Westland Lynx]]
|lists=
* [[List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS]]
* [[List of rotorcraft]]
|see also=
}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. {{ISBN|1-85532-405-9}}
*{{cite book|last= Taylor|first= Michael J. H.|title= Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory|year= 1996|publisher= Brassey's|location= London, England|isbn= 1-85753-198-1|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/brasseysworldair0000unse}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Kamov Ka-25}}
* https://web.archive.org/web/20120303004424/http://www.kamov.net/kamov-navy/kamov-ka-25-2/

{{Kamov aircraft}}
{{YAF aircraft}}

[[Category:Kamov aircraft]]
[[Category:Anti-submarine helicopters]]
[[Category:1960s Soviet anti-submarine aircraft]]
[[Category:Coaxial rotor helicopters]]
[[Category:1960s Soviet helicopters]]
[[Category:Twin-turbine helicopters]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1963]]
[[Category:Triple-tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft with fixed quad landing gear]]