Editing Kalona, Iowa

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Kalona, Iowa
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = Quilt Capitol of Iowa
| motto              = 
<!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = Kalona_Iowa_Montage.png
| image_caption      = Left column: Downtown Kalona
<br>Right column: Kalona United Methodist Church, Kalona Welcome Sign
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = 
<!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = Washington_County_Iowa_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Kalona_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Kalona, Iowa
<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{USA}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|Iowa}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Iowa|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Washington County, Iowa|Washington]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = Mark Robe
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
<!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_19.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 5.57
| area_land_km2      = 5.57
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 2.15
| area_land_sq_mi    = 2.15
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 2630
| population_density_km2 = 471.24
| population_density_sq_mi = 1220.42
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 666
| coordinates        = {{coord|41|29|15|N|91|42|07|W|region:US-IA|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 52247
| area_code          = [[Area code 319|319]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 19-40170
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2395485<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2395485}}</ref>
| website            = {{URL|www.cityofkalona.org}}
| footnotes          = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
| name               = 
}}
'''Kalona''' is a city in [[Washington County, Iowa]]. It is part of the [[Iowa City metropolitan area]]. The population was 2,630 at the time of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name=cen2020>{{cite web |title=2020 Census State Redistricting Data |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Iowa/ |website=census.gov |publisher=United states Census Bureau |access-date=12 August 2021}}</ref> Kalona is the second-largest city in Washington County.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kalonachamber.com/about.html|title=About Kalona|publisher=Kalona Chamber of Commerence|access-date=2011-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920070647/http://www.kalonachamber.com/about.html|archive-date=2011-09-20|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==History==
{{stack|[[File:Kalona, Iowa.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Kalona and the surrounding area]]}}
[[Amish]] settlement in what is now the Kalona area began in the 1840s, placing the Amish among the first European settlers in the area. The split between Old Order Amish and [[Amish Mennonite]]s occurred in the 1860s in most places, but it was not until the 1880s that the formal split occurred in Iowa, even though a process of sorting out between conservatives and change-minded Amish had begun a decade earlier or so in Iowa.<ref>Steven Dale Reschly: ''The Amish on the Iowa prairie, 1840-1910'', Baltimore and London, 2000, pages 163-4.</ref> Most Amish Mennonites later assimilated and lost their Amish identity. The [[Beachy Amish]] broke away from the Old Orders in the 1920s.<ref>Dorothy, Schwieder, Tom Morain, [https://books.google.com/books?id=0mxkfR0kMhcC&lpg=PA115&pg=PA5 A Peculiar People, Iowa's Old Order Amish], University of Iowa Press, 1975; page 5.</ref>

The [[Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway]] built a 66-mile branch from [[Iowa City]] to [[What Cheer]] via Kalona in 1879.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ISETAAAAYAAJ&lpg=PA133&pg=PA278 Third Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for the Year Ending June 30, 1880]''. Des Moines: Mills, 1880, p. 133.</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6I5XgcduNQYC&pg=PA253 Travelers' Official Guide of the Railway and Steam Navigation Lines in the United States and Canada]''. New York: National Railway Publication Co., 1881, pp. 250-251.</ref>

Kalona was established by the railroad on August 6, 1879.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_SncUAAAAYAAJ_2 | page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_SncUAAAAYAAJ_2/page/n589 593] | title=The History of Washington County, Iowa: Its Cities, Towns, Etc. | publisher=Union Historical Company | year=1880 }}</ref> The name was suggested to the railroad by a Mr. Myers, who owned a bull of that name. The town remained unincorporated until 1890.<ref>Tom Savage, [https://books.google.com/books?id=DxagLIZHNv4C&lpg=PA119&pg=PA119 A Dictionary of Iowa Place Names], University of Iowa Press, 2007; page 119.</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|2.15|sqmi|km2|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-05-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|title= Historical populations
|type= USA
|align= left
|1890|211
|1900|530
|1910|466
|1920|632
|1930|704
|1940|765
|1950|947
|1960|1235
|1970|1488
|1980|1862
|1990|1942
|2000|2293
|2010|2363
|2020|2630
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name=cen2020/>}}|footnote=Source:{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|title=U.S. Census website|access-date=2020-03-29}} and [http://data.iowadatacenter.org/datatables/PlacesAll/plpopulation18502000.pdf Iowa Data Center]
}}

===2020 census===
As of the [[United States census|census]] of 2020,<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/2020-census-main.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> there were 2,630 people, 1,110 households, and 680 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 1,220.5 inhabitants per square mile (471.2/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 1,155 housing units at an average density of 536.0 per square mile (207.0/km<sup>2</sup>). The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|racial]] makeup of the city was 92.2% [[White Americans|White]], 1.0% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 0.2% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.0% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]], 2.0% from other races and 4.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] persons of any race comprised 5.2% of the population.

Of the 1,110 households, 26.7% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.7% were cohabitating couples, 27.6% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 16.7% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 38.7% of all households were non-families. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older.

The median age in the city was 43.2 years. 25.4% of the residents were under the age of 20; 4.1% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 23.2% were from 25 and 44; 22.5% were from 45 and 64; and 24.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-05-11}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,363 people, 1,053 households, and 657 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1158.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,141 housing units at an average density of {{convert|559.3|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.1% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.9% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 1,053 households, of which 26.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.6% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.82.

The median age in the city was 45.7 years. 21.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.5% were from 25 to 44; 28.2% were from 45 to 64; and 23% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 45.5% male and 54.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 2,293 people, 947 households, and 597 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,119.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 986 housing units at an average density of {{convert|481.6|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.08% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.22% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.39% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.04% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.26% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.52% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.09% of the population.

There were 947 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 23.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $45,897. Males had a median income of $30,776 versus $24,974 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $22,474. About 5.0% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

==Culture==
[[File:Amish buggy 2.jpg|alt=|thumb|An [[Amish buggy]] with a [[slow moving vehicle]] triangle on the back]]
Not far from Kalona is located one of the largest [[Amish]] settlements west of the [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] with eleven church districts and a population of roughly 1,200 people. It is the oldest in Iowa, founded in 1846.<ref>[http://amishamerica.com/iowa-amish/ "Iowa Amish". Amish State Guide]. Retrieved December 4, 2010.</ref> The Kalona [[Subgroups of Amish#Use of technology by different Amish affiliations|New Order Amish affiliation]] is one of the most liberal concerning the use of technology and allows tractors for field work. Kalona is the home of the Iowa Mennonite Archives, located at the Kalona Historical Village.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kalonaiowa.org/KHV.htm|title=Kalona Historical Village and its Museums|website=www.kalonaiowa.org|access-date=April 17, 2013|archive-date=April 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416071235/http://www.kalonaiowa.org/KHV.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Noah Troyer]] (1831–1886), one of two [[sleeping preacher]]s among the [[Amish Mennonite]]s, lived three miles north of Kalona.<ref>Harry H. Hiller. "[http://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034&context=pafolklifemag The Sleeping Preacher: An Historical Study of the Role of Charisma in Amish Society]". ''Pennsylvania Folklife'', vol. 18 (Winter 1968/69), p. 12.</ref>

==Education==
The [[Mid-Prairie Community School District]] operates local area public schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://educateiowa.gov/sites/files/ed/documents/FY20_MID-PRAIRIE_0.pdf|title=MID-PRAIRIE|publisher=[[Iowa Department of Education]]|access-date=2020-09-24}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}<!-- for current and future use if material is uploaded -->
{{Portal|Iowa}}
*[http://www.kalonachamber.com/ Kalona Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.city-data.com/city/Kalona-Iowa.html City-Data] Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Kalona

{{Washington County, Iowa}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Iowa]]
[[Category:Cities in Washington County, Iowa]]
[[Category:Amish in the United States]]
[[Category:Iowa City metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1879]]
[[Category:1879 establishments in Iowa]]