Editing Jurist

{{short description|Legal scholar or academic, a professional who studies, teaches and develops law}}
{{other uses|Jurist (disambiguation)}}
{{distinguish|text=[[Jury|Juror]], a member of a jury}} 
[[File:Sarcofago avvocato Valerius Petrnianus-optimized.jpg|thumb|Detail from the [[sarcophagus]] of Roman jurist Valerius Petronianus (315–320)]]
A '''jurist''' is a person with expert knowledge of [[law]]; someone who analyzes and comments on law.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |year=1901 |title=Jurist |encyclopedia=[[A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles]] |publisher=[[Clarendon Press]] |location=Oxford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E2J8f2fyupcC |editor-last=Murray |editor-first=James A. H. |editor-link=James Murray (lexicographer) |volume=5 |pages=636 |quote=One who professes or treats of law; one versed in the science of law; a legal writer.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Vieto Piergiovanni |title=Comparative Studies in Continental and Anglo-American Legal History |date=2000 |publisher=Duncker & Humblot |isbn=978-3428097562 |location=Germany |page=236}}{{Nonspecific|date=May 2023}}</ref> This person is usually a specialist '''legal scholar''', mostly (but not always) with a formal education in law (a [[law degree]]) and often a [[Lawyer|legal practitioner]]. 

In the United Kingdom the term "jurist" is mostly used for legal academics, while in the United States the term may also be applied to a judge.<ref>{{cite book |title=Black's Law Dictionary |title-link=Black's Law Dictionary |publisher=[[Thomson West]] |year=2019 |isbn=9781539229759 |editor-last=Garner |editor-first=Bryan A. |editor-link=Bryan A. Garner |edition=11 |chapter=Jurist}}</ref> With reference to [[Roman law]], a "jurist" (in English) is a jurisconsult (''iurisconsultus'').<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|jurisconsult}}</ref>

The English term ''jurist'' is to be distinguished from similar terms in other European languages, where it may be synonymous with [[legal profession]]al, meaning anyone with a professional law degree that qualifies for admission to the legal profession, including such positions as judge or attorney. In [[Germany]], [[Scandinavia]] and a number of other countries ''jurist'' denotes someone with a professional law degree, and it may be a protected title, for example [[Legal education in Norway|in Norway]]. Thus the term can be applied to attorneys, judges and academics, provided that they hold a qualifying professional law degree.<ref>{{cite web |last=Falkanger |first=Thor |author-link=Thor Falkanger |editor-last=Gisle |editor-first=Jon |editor-link=Jon Gisle |title=jurist |url=https://snl.no/jurist |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=[[Store Norske Leksikon]]|date=8 July 2022 }}</ref> In Germany – the term "full jurist" is sometimes used informally to denote someone who has completed the two state examinations in law that qualify for practising law, to distinguish from someone who may have only the first state examination or some other form of legal qualification that does not qualify for practising law.

==Notable jurists==
{{main|List of jurists}}
Some notable historical jurists include:

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{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
* [[Ur-Nammu]]
* [[Lycurgus of Sparta]]
* [[Solon]]
* [[Dr. B. R. Ambedkar]]
* [[Ulpian]] and [[Gaius (jurist)|Gaius]]
* [[Averroes|Muhammad Averroes]]
* [[Thomas Aquinas]]
* [[Hugo Grotius]]
* [[Alberico Gentili]]
* [[Francis Bacon]]
* [[William Blackstone]]
* [[Cesare Beccaria]]
* [[Jeremy Bentham]]
* [[Amina, bint al-Hajj ʿAbd al-Latif]]
* [[John Stuart Mill]]
* [[John Marshall]]
* [[Felix Frankfurter]]
* [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.]]
* [[Hans Kelsen]]
* [[Pontes de Miranda]]}}

== See also ==
* [[History of the American legal profession]]
* [[History of the legal profession]]
* [[Islamic jurist]]
* [[Legal profession]]
* [[List of jurists]]
* [[Paralegal]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category inline|Jurists}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jurists| ]]
[[Category:Legal professions]]

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