Editing July 18

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{{This date in recent years}}
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==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[477 BC]] &ndash; [[Battle of the Cremera]] as part of the [[Roman–Etruscan Wars#The Fabian war with Veii in 483-476 BC|Roman–Etruscan Wars]].  [[Veii]] ambushes and defeats the [[Roman Republic|Roman]] army.<ref>Livy, VI.1; Plutarch, Camillus IX; Tacitus, Histories II.91; [[Ovid]] gives a different date of 13 February in the Fasti, II.195-6</ref>
*[[387 BC]]<ref>An alternative year of 390 BC was traditionally favoured</ref> &ndash; [[Roman Republic|Roman]]-[[Gaulish language|Gaulish]] Wars: [[Battle of the Allia]]: A Roman army is defeated by raiding [[Gauls]], leading to the subsequent sacking of [[Ancient Rome|Rome]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Andres Furger|author2=Andres Furger-Gunti|author3=Maria Angelica Borrello|author4=Felix Müller|title=Helvetian gold: Celtic treasures from Switzerland : exhibition catalogue|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zns7AQAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Swiss National Museum}}</ref>
* [[362]] &ndash; [[Roman–Persian Wars]]: Emperor [[Julian (emperor)|Julian]] arrives at [[Antioch]] with a Roman expeditionary force (60,000 men) and stays there for nine months to launch a campaign against the [[Sasanian Empire|Persian Empire]].
* [[452]] &ndash; [[Sack of Aquileia]]: After an earlier [[Battle of the Catalaunian Plains|defeat on the Catalaunian Plains]], [[Attila]] lays siege to the metropolis of [[Aquileia]] and eventually destroys it.<ref>{{cite book|title=Byzantinoslavica|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lEdoAAAAMAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Academia|page=66}}</ref>
* [[645]] &ndash; Chinese forces under general [[Li Shiji]] besiege the strategic fortress city of [[Anshan|Anshi]] ([[Liaoning]]) during the [[Goguryeo–Tang War]].
*[[1195]] &ndash; [[Battle of Alarcos]]: [[Almohad Caliphate|Almohad]] forces defeat the [[Kingdom of Castile|Castilian]] army of [[Alfonso VIII of Castile|Alfonso VIII]] and force its retreat to [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]].
*[[1290]] &ndash; King [[Edward I of England]] issues the [[Edict of Expulsion]], banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England.<ref>{{cite book|author=Robert Chazan|title=The Jews of Medieval Western Christendom: 1000–1500|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PbYAFkp8rPQC&pg=PA166|date=23 November 2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-45987-7|pages=166}}</ref>
*[[1334]] &ndash; The bishop of [[Florence]] blesses the first foundation stone for the new ''[[Bell tower|campanile]]'' (bell tower) of the [[Florence Cathedral]], designed by the artist [[Giotto|Giotto di Bondone]].<ref>{{cite book|author=G. Fattorusso|title=Wonders of Italy: the monuments of antiquity, the churches, the palaces, the treasures of art, a handbook for students and travellers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqcZAQAAMAAJ|year=1930|publisher=G. Fattorusso|page=215}}</ref>
*[[1389]] &ndash; [[Kingdom of France|France]] and [[Kingdom of England|England]] agree to the [[Truce of Leulinghem]], inaugurating a 13-year peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the [[Hundred Years' War]].
*[[1507]] &ndash; In [[Brussels]], [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor#Burgundy and the Low Countries|Prince Charles I]] is crowned [[Burgundian Netherlands#Rulers|Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders]],<ref name="State2015">{{cite book|author=Paul F. State|title=Historical Dictionary of Brussels|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fj19CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|date=16 April 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-0-8108-7921-8|page=100}}</ref> a year after inheriting the title.
*[[1555]] &ndash; The [[College of Arms]] is reincorporated by [[Royal charter]] signed by Queen [[Mary I of England]] and King [[Philip II of Spain]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1723]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads the first performance of his cantata [[Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz, BWV 136|''Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz'', BWV 136]], in Leipzig on the eighth Sunday after [[Trinity Sunday|Trinity]].<ref name="Bach Digital">{{cite web | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000168?lang=en | title = Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz BWV 136; BC A 111 | website = [[Bach Digital]] | access-date = 10 July 2023}}</ref>
*[[1806]] &ndash; A [[1806 Birgu polverista explosion|gunpowder magazine explosion]] in [[Birgu]], [[Malta Protectorate|Malta]], kills around 200 people.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bulletin, Volume 57, Issue 225 – Volume 58, Issue 232|date=2006|publisher=Military Historical Society (Great Britain)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dDNVAAAAYAAJ|page=147|ref=hv}}</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Orebro|Treaties of Orebro]] end both the [[Anglo-Russian War (1807–12)|Anglo-Russian]] and [[Anglo-Swedish War (1810–12)|Anglo-Swedish Wars]].<ref>{{cite book|author=United States. Dept. of State|title=Catalogue of Treaties, 1814-1918|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T5oLAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA456|year=1919|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=456}}</ref>
*[[1841]] &ndash; Coronation of Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil]].<ref>{{cite book|author=D. P. KIDDER, J. C. FLETCHER|title=Brazil and the Brazilians|url=https://archive.org/details/brazilandbrazil01fletgoog|year=1857|pages=[https://archive.org/details/brazilandbrazil01fletgoog/page/n626 592]|publisher=Childs & Peterson}}</ref>
*[[1857]] &ndash; [[Louis Faidherbe]], French [[governor of Senegal]], arrives to relieve French forces at [[Kayes]], effectively ending El Hajj [[El Hadj Umar Tall|Umar Tall]]'s war against the French.
*[[1862]] &ndash; First ascent of [[Dent Blanche]], one of the highest summits in the Alps.
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Second Battle of Fort Wagner]]: One of the first formal [[African American]] military units, the [[54th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry|54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry]], supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]]-held [[Fort Wagner|Battery Wagner]].
*[[1870]] &ndash; The [[First Vatican Council]] decrees the dogma of [[papal infallibility]].
*[[1872]] &ndash; The [[Ballot Act 1872]] in the United Kingdom introduced the requirement that parliamentary and local government elections be held by secret ballot.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanham |first1=H. J. |title=The Nineteenth-Century Constitution 1815-1914: Documents and Commentary |date=1969 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-09560-0 |page=277 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0xHM3jmnAUC&pg=PA277 |language=en}}</ref>
===1901–present===
*[[1914]] &ndash; The [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]] forms the [[Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps]], giving official status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Adolf Hitler]] publishes ''[[Mein Kampf]]''.
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: During the [[Beisfjord massacre]] in Norway, 15 Norwegian paramilitary guards help members of the SS to kill 288 political prisoners from Yugoslavia.  
*  1942   &ndash; The Germans test fly the [[Messerschmitt Me 262]] using its [[Junkers Jumo 004|jet engine]]s for the first time.
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: [[Hideki Tōjō]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Japan]] because of numerous setbacks in the war effort.
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Human spaceflight]]: [[Gemini 10]] is launched from [[Cape Canaveral|Cape Kennedy]] on a 70-hour mission that includes docking with an orbiting [[Agena target vehicle]].
*  1966   &ndash; A racially charged incident in a bar sparks the six-day [[Hough riots]] in [[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]]; 1,700 [[Ohio National Guard]] troops intervene to restore order.
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Intel]] is founded in [[Mountain View, California]].
*[[1970]] &ndash; An [[Antonov An-22]] of the [[Soviet Air Forces]] [[1970 Atlantic Ocean Antonov An-22 crash|crashes]] into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 23 aboard.<ref>{{cite web |title=An-22 c/n 00340207 |url=https://www.scramble.nl/database/soviet/details/25_18097 |website=Soviet Transport Database }}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Nadia Comăneci]] becomes the first person in [[Olympic Games]] history to score a perfect 10 in [[gymnastics]] at the [[1976 Summer Olympics]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; A landslide occurs on the [[Iliwerung]] volcano in Indonesia, [[1979 Lembata tsunami|triggering a tsunami]] that kills over 530 and leaves 700 missing.<ref name="ngdcTS1">{{cite web |title=Tsunami Event Information |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/event-more-info/2115 |publisher=National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information|doi=10.7289/V5PN93H7 |access-date=29 June 2024 |author1=National Geophysical Data Center }}</ref>
*[[1981]] &ndash; A [[Canadair CL-44]] and [[Sukhoi Su-15]] [[1981 Armenia mid-air collision|collide]] in mid-air near [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]], killing four.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Canadair CL-44D4-6 LV-JTN Yerevan |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19810718-0 |access-date=2022-07-13 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1982]] &ndash; Two hundred sixty-eight [[Guatemala]]n ''campesinos'' ("[[peasant]]s" or "country people") are slain in the [[Plan de Sánchez massacre]].
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[San Ysidro McDonald's massacre|McDonald's massacre]] in [[San Ysidro, San Diego|San Ysidro, California]]: James Oliver Huberty kills 21 people and injures 19 others before being shot dead by police.
*[[1992]] &ndash; A picture of [[Les Horribles Cernettes]] was taken, which became the first ever photo posted to the [[World Wide Web]].
*[[1994]] &ndash; The [[AMIA bombing|bombing]] of the [[Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina]] (Argentine Jewish Community Center) in [[Buenos Aires]] kills 85 people (mostly Jewish) and injures 300.
*  1994   &ndash; [[Rwandan genocide]]: The [[Rwandan Patriotic Front]] takes control of [[Gisenyi]] and north western [[Rwanda]], forcing the interim government into [[Zaire]] and ending the genocide.
*[[1995]] &ndash; On the Caribbean island of [[Montserrat]], the [[Soufrière Hills]] volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital, forcing most of the population to flee.
*[[1996]] &ndash; Storms provoke [[Saguenay flood|severe flooding]] on the [[Saguenay River]], beginning one of [[Quebec]]'s costliest [[natural disaster]]s ever.
*  1996   &ndash; [[Battle of Mullaitivu (1996)|Battle of Mullaitivu]]: The [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] capture the [[Sri Lanka Army]]'s base, killing over 1,200 soldiers.
*[[2002]] &ndash; A [[Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer]] [[2002 United States airtanker crashes|crashes]] near [[Estes Park, Colorado]], killing both crew members.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Consolidated PB4Y-2 Super Privateer N7620C Estes Park, CO |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020718-0 |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; At least seven people are killed and 32 others are injured after a [[2012 Burgas bus bombing|bomb explodes]] on an [[Israelis|Israeli]] tour bus at [[Burgas Airport]], [[Bulgaria]]. 
*[[2013]] &ndash; The [[Government of Detroit]], with up to $20&nbsp;billion in debt, files for the [[Detroit bankruptcy|largest municipal bankruptcy]] in U.S. history.
*[[2014]] &ndash; The [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] requires Christians to either accept [[dhimmi]] status, emigrate from ISIL lands, or be killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28381455 |title=Iraqi Christians flee after Isis issue Mosul ultimatum |date=18 July 2014 |publisher=BBC |access-date=30 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724045752/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-28381455 |archive-date=24 July 2014 }}</ref>
*[[2019]] &ndash; A man [[Kyoto Animation arson attack|sets fire to an anime studio]] in [[Fushimi-ku, Kyoto]], [[Japan]], killing 36 people and injuring dozens of others.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/18/dead-suspected-arson-attack-kyoto-animation-japan  |title=Kyoto Animation studio fire: at least 33 dead after arson attack in Japan |newspaper=The Guardian|date=2019-07-18}}</ref><ref name="livedoor_20190910_deathcount">{{cite web |url=https://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/16840489/ |script-title=ja:京アニ放火殺人、死者35人に |date=2019-07-27 |work=[[Kyodo News]] |language=ja |access-date=10 September 2019 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20190910121738/https://news.livedoor.com/article/detail/16840489/ |archive-date=10 September 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Births==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1013]] &ndash; [[Hermann of Reichenau]], German composer, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1013)<ref>{{cite web |title=Hermann Von Reichenau {{!}} German scholar |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hermann-von-Reichenau |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=31 March 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1501]] &ndash; [[Isabella of Austria]], queen of Denmark (d. 1526)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Terjanian |first1=Pierre |title=The Last Knight: The Art, Armor, and Ambition of Maximilian I |date=2019 |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |isbn=978-1-58839-674-7 |page=302 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X-anDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA302 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1504]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Bullinger]], Swiss pastor and reformer (d. 1575)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.bnf.fr/en/12029437/heinrich_bullinger/|title=Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575)|website=data.bnf.fr}}</ref>
*[[1534]] &ndash; [[Zacharius Ursinus]], German theologian (d. 1583)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.bnf.fr/en/12111417/zacharias_ursinus/|title=Zacharias Ursinus (1534-1583)|website=data.bnf.fr}}</ref>
*[[1552]] &ndash; [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor|Rudolf II]], Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)<ref>{{cite web |title=Rudolf II {{!}} Holy Roman emperor |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudolf-II-Holy-Roman-emperor |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=13 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1634]] &ndash; [[Johannes Camphuys]], Dutch politician, [[Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies]] (d. 1695)
*[[1659]] &ndash; [[Hyacinthe Rigaud]], French painter (d. 1743)<ref>{{cite web |title=Hyacinthe Rigaud |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110810105734287 |website=Oxford Reference |access-date=26 December 2021 |language=en }}</ref>
*[[1670]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Bononcini]], Italian cellist and composer (d. 1747)
*[[1702]] &ndash; [[Maria Clementina Sobieska]], Polish noble (d. 1735)
*[[1718]] &ndash; [[Saverio Bettinelli]], Italian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1808)
*[[1720]] &ndash; [[Gilbert White]], English ornithologist and ecologist (d. 1793)<ref>{{Cite DNB|wstitle=White, Gilbert|last=Newton|first=Alfred|author-link=Alfred Newton|volume=61}}</ref>
*[[1724]] &ndash; [[Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria|Maria Antonia of Bavaria]], Electress of Saxony (d. 1780)
*[[1750]] &ndash; [[Prince Frederick Adolf of Sweden|Frederick Adolf]], duke of Östergötland (d. 1803)
*[[1796]] &ndash; [[Immanuel Hermann Fichte]], German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
*[[1811]] &ndash; [[William Makepeace Thackeray]], English author and poet (d. 1863)
*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Louis Gerhard De Geer]], Swedish lawyer and politician, 1st [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] (d. 1896)
*[[1821]] &ndash; [[Pauline Viardot]], French soprano and composer (d. 1910)
*[[1837]] &ndash; [[Vasil Levski]], Bulgarian priest and activist (d. 1873)
*[[1842]] &ndash; [[William D. Coleman (politician)|William D. Coleman]], 13th [[President of Liberia]] (d. 1908)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dunn|first1= Elwood D.|last2=Beyan|first2=Amos J.|last3=Burrowes|first3=Carl Patrick|author-link= |date=2000|title=Historical Dictionary of Liberia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qt0_RrW8ghkC|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=9781461659310|pages=80–81}}</ref>
*[[1843]] &ndash; [[Virgil Earp]], American marshal (d. 1905)
*[[1845]] &ndash; [[Tristan Corbière]], French poet (d. 1875)
*[[1848]] &ndash; [[W. G. Grace]], English cricketer and physician (d. 1915)
*[[1853]] &ndash; [[Hendrik Lorentz]], Dutch physicist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 1928)
*[[1861]] &ndash; [[Kadambini Ganguly]], Indian physician, one of the first Indian women to obtain a degree (d. 1923)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scienceandculture-isna.org/sep-oct-2014/07%20Art_Kadambini%20Ganguly...by_B%20K%20Sen_Pg.271.pdf|title=KADAMBINI GANGULY – AN ILLUSTRIOUS LADY|last=SEN|first=B.K.|website=Science and Culture - Indian Science News Organization.}}</ref> 
*[[1864]] &ndash; [[Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden]], English politician, [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] (d. 1937)
*[[1867]] &ndash; [[Margaret Brown]], American philanthropist and activist (d. 1932)
*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Giacomo Balla]], Italian painter (d. 1958)
*  1871   &ndash; [[Sada Yacco]], Japanese actress and dancer (d. 1946)
*[[1872]] &ndash; [[Julius Fučík (composer)|Julius Fučík]], Czech composer and conductor of military bands (d. 1916)<ref>''Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians'', 7th ed. (1984), p. 776</ref>
*[[1881]] &ndash; [[Larry McLean]], Canadian-American baseball player (d. 1921)
*[[1884]] &ndash; [[Alberto di Jorio]], Italian cardinal (d. 1979)
*[[1886]] &ndash; [[Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr.]], American general (d. 1945)
*[[1887]] &ndash; [[Vidkun Quisling]], Norwegian military officer and politician, [[List of heads of government of Norway|Minister President of Norway]] (d. 1945)
*[[1889]] &ndash; [[Kōichi Kido]], Japanese politician, 13th [[Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan]] (d. 1977)
*[[1890]] &ndash; [[Frank Forde]], Australian educator and politician, 15th [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. 1983)
*[[1892]] &ndash; [[Arthur Friedenreich]], Brazilian footballer (d. 1969)
*[[1893]] &ndash; [[David Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie]], Scottish peer, soldier and courtier (d. 1968)
*[[1895]] &ndash; [[Olga Spessivtseva]], Russian-American ballerina (d. 1991)
*  1895   &ndash; [[Machine Gun Kelly (gangster)|Machine Gun Kelly]], American gangster (d. 1954)
*[[1897]] &ndash; [[Ernest Eldridge]], English race car driver and engineer (d. 1935)
*[[1898]] &ndash; [[John Stuart (actor)|John Stuart]], Scottish-English actor (d. 1979)
*[[1899]] &ndash; [[Ernst Scheller]], German soldier and politician, 8th [[Mayor of Marburg]] (d. 1942)
*[[1900]] &ndash; [[Nathalie Sarraute]], French lawyer and author (d. 1999)
===1901–present===
*[[1902]] &ndash; [[Jessamyn West (writer)|Jessamyn West]], American author (d. 1984)<ref>{{cite web |title=West, Jessamyn |url=https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/west_jessamyn |website=sf-encyclopedia.com |access-date=26 December 2021}}</ref>
*  1902   &ndash; [[Chill Wills]], American actor (d. 1978)
*[[1906]] &ndash; [[S. I. Hayakawa]], Canadian-American academic and politician (d. 1992)
*  1906   &ndash; [[Clifford Odets]], American director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1963)
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[Peace Pilgrim]], American mystic and activist (d. 1981)
*  1908   &ndash; [[Lupe Vélez]], Mexican-American actress and dancer (d. 1944)
*  1908   &ndash; [[Beatrice Aitchison]], American mathematician, statistician, and transportation economist (d. 1997)
*[[1909]] &ndash; [[Bishnu Dey]], Indian poet, critic, and academic (d. 1982)
*  1909   &ndash; [[Andrei Gromyko]], Belarusian-Russian economist and politician, [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)|Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs]] (d. 1989)
*  1909   &ndash; [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]], Afghan commander and politician, 1st [[President of Afghanistan]] (d. 1978)
*  1909   &ndash; [[Harriet Nelson]], American singer and actress (d. 1994)
*[[1910]] &ndash; [[Diptendu Pramanick]], Indian businessman (d. 1989)
*  1910   &ndash; [[Mamadou Dia]], Senegalese politician; 1st Prime Minister of Senegal (d. 2009)<ref>{{cite book|title=Africa Year Book and Who's who|publisher=Africa Journal Limited|year=1976|page=1126}}</ref>
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Hume Cronyn]], Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Red Skelton]], American actor and comedian (d. 1997)
*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Gino Bartali]], Italian cyclist (d. 2000)
*  1914   &ndash; [[Oscar Heisserer]], French footballer (d. 2004)
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Carequinha]], Brazilian clown and actor (d. 2006)
*  1915   &ndash; [[Louis Le Bailly]], British Royal Navy officer (d. 2010)<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/naval-obituaries/8084056/Vice-Admiral-Sir-Louis-Le-Bailly.html |title=Vice-Admiral Sir Louis Le Bailly – Telegraph |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |location=[[London, UK|London]] |issn=0307-1235 |oclc=49632006 |accessdate=4 December 2014}}</ref> 
*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Charles Kittel]], American physicist  (d. 2019)
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[Henri Salvador]], French singer and guitarist (d. 2008)
*  1917   &ndash; [[Paul Streeten]], Austrian-born British economics professor (d. 2019)
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[Nelson Mandela]], South African lawyer and politician, 1st [[President of South Africa]], [[Nobel Peace Prize|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 2013)
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Lilia Dale]], Italian actress (d. 1991)
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[Eric Brandon]], English race car driver and businessman (d. 1982)
*[[1921]] &ndash; [[Peter Austin (brewer)|Peter Austin]], English brewer, founded [[Ringwood Brewery]] (d. 2014)<ref>{{cite web|last=Protz|first=Roger|title=Peter Austin obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/jan/09/peter-austin|work=The Guardian|date=9 January 2014 |accessdate=1 February 2014}}</ref>
*  1921   &ndash; [[Aaron Beck]], American psychiatrist and academic (d. 2021)<ref>{{Cite news|last=Obituaries|first=Telegraph|date=November 1, 2021|title=Aaron Beck, psychiatrist whose development of cognitive behavioural therapy transformed millions of lives around the world – obituary|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2021/11/01/aaron-beck-psychiatrist-whose-development-cognitive-behavioural/|access-date=November 1, 2021|issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
*  1921   &ndash; [[John Glenn]], American colonel, astronaut, and politician (d. 2016)<ref>{{cite web |title=Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details: GLENN, John Herschel, Jr. (1921-2016) |url=https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=G000236 |website=bioguideretro.congress.gov |access-date=19 July 2020}}</ref>
*  1921   &ndash; [[Richard Leacock]], English-French director and producer (d. 2011)
*  1921   &ndash; [[Heinz Bennent]], German actor (d. 2011)
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Thomas Kuhn]], American  physicist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1996)
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Jerome H. Lemelson]], American engineer and businessman (d. 1997)
*  1923   &ndash; [[Michael Medwin]], English actor (d. 2020)
*[[1924]] &ndash; [[Inge Sørensen]], Danish swimmer (d. 2011)
*  1924   &ndash; [[Tullio Altamura]], Italian actor
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Shirley Strickland]], Australian runner and hurdler (d. 2004)
*  1925   &ndash; [[Friedrich Zimmermann]], German lawyer and politician, [[Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)|German Federal Minister of the Interior]] (d. 2012)
*  1925   &ndash; [[Raymond Jones (architect)|Raymond Jones]], Australian Modernist architect (d. 2022)
*  1925   &ndash; [[Windy McCall]], American baseball relief pitcher (d. 2015)
*[[1926]] &ndash; [[Margaret Laurence]], Canadian author and academic (d. 1987)
*  1926   &ndash; [[Nita Bieber]], American actress (d. 2019)
*  1926   &ndash; [[Bernard Pons]], French politician and medical doctor (d. 2022)
*  1926   &ndash; [[Maunu Kurkvaara]], Finnish film director and screenwriter (d. 2023)
*  1926   &ndash; [[Elizabeth Jennings (poet)|Elizabeth Jennings]], English poet (d. 2001)<ref>{{cite news
| author = Grevel Lindop
| title = Elizabeth Dennings Obituary
| newspaper =The Guardian
| date = 31 October 2001
| url =https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/oct/31/guardianobituaries.books
| access-date =2012-10-05
}}</ref>
*[[1927]] &ndash; [[Mehdi Hassan]], Pakistani ''[[ghazal]]'' singer and [[playback singer]] (d. 2012)
*  1927   &ndash; [[Kurt Masur]], German conductor and educator (d. 2015)
*  1927   &ndash; [[Antonio García-Trevijano]], Spanish republican, political activist, and author (d. 2018)
*  1927   &ndash; [[Keith MacDonald]], Canadian politician (d. 2021)
*  1927   &ndash; [[Anthony Mirra]], American gangster, member of the Bonanno Crime Family (d. 1982)
*[[1928]] &ndash; [[Andrea Gallo]], Italian priest and author (d. 2013)
*  1928   &ndash; [[Baddiewinkle]], American internet personality
*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Dick Button]], American figure skater and actor (d. 2025)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilner |first=Barry |date=January 30, 2025 |title=Dick Button, Olympic great and voice of skating, dies at 95 |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/dick-button-olympic-great-voice-skating-dies-95-118292366 |access-date=February 1, 2025 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |language=en}}</ref>
*  1929   &ndash; [[Screamin' Jay Hawkins]], American R&B singer-songwriter, musician, and actor (d. 2000) 
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Robert Ellis Miller]], American director and screenwriter (d. 2017)
*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Jean Yanne]], French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
*  1933   &ndash; [[Yevgeny Yevtushenko]], Russian poet and playwright (d. 2017)
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Edward Bond]], English director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2024)
*  1934   &ndash; [[Darlene Conley]], American actress (d. 2007)
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Tenley Albright]], American former figure skater and physician
*  1935   &ndash; [[Jayendra Saraswathi]], Indian guru, 69th [[Shankaracharya]] (d. 2018)
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Roald Hoffmann]], Polish chemist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate
*  1937   &ndash; [[Hunter S. Thompson]], American journalist and author (d. 2005)
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[John Connelly (footballer, born 1938)|John Connelly]], English footballer (d. 2012)
*  1938   &ndash; [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]], Scottish keyboard player and manager (d. 1985)
*  1938   &ndash; [[Paul Verhoeven]], Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Brian Auger]], English rock and jazz keyboard player 
*  1939   &ndash; [[Dion DiMucci]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist 
*  1939   &ndash; [[Jerry Moore (American football, born 1939)|Jerry Moore]], American football player and coach
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[James Brolin]], American actor
*  1940   &ndash; [[Joe Torre]], American baseball player, manager, and executive<ref>{{cite web |title=Joe Torre |url=https://baseballhall.org/hall-of-famers/torre-joe |publisher=[[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum]] |access-date=18 July 2023}}</ref>
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[Frank Farian]], German songwriter and producer (d. 2024)
*  1941   &ndash; [[Lonnie Mack]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
*  1941   &ndash; [[Martha Reeves]], American singer and politician 
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Giacinto Facchetti]], Italian footballer (d. 2006)
*  1942   &ndash; [[Adolf Ogi]], Swiss politician, 84th [[President of the Swiss Confederation]]
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Joseph J. Ellis]], American historian and author
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[David Hemery]], English hurdler and author<ref>{{cite book|author=Amateur Athletic Union of the United States|title=Amateur Athlete|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iIkqAAAAMAAJ|year=1967|publisher=Amateur Athletic Union of the United States|page=13}}</ref>
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Pat Doherty (Northern Ireland politician)|Pat Doherty]], Irish Republican politician
*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Kalpana Mohan]], Indian actress (d. 2012)
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Steve Forbes]], American publisher and politician
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Carlos Colón Sr.]], Puerto Rican-American wrestler and promoter
*  1948   &ndash; [[Jeanne Córdova]], American journalist and activist (d. 2016)
*  1948   &ndash; [[Hartmut Michel]], German biochemist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Dennis Lillee]], Australian cricketer and coach
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Richard Branson]], English businessman, founded [[Virgin Group]]
*  1950   &ndash; [[Jack Dongarra]], American computer scientist and academic
*  1950   &ndash; [[Kostas Eleftherakis]], Greek footballer
*  1950   &ndash; [[Glenn Hughes (Village People)|Glenn Hughes]], American disco singer and actor (d. 2001)
*  1950   &ndash; [[Shahid Khan]], Pakistani-American businessman and sports executive<ref>{{cite web |last1=Andrews |first1=Brianna |last2=Frazier |first2=Francine |title='I couldn't ask for a better present': Jaguars cut ribbon on new $120M training facility on Shad Khan's birthday |url=https://www.news4jax.com/sports/2023/07/18/jaguars-ready-to-cut-ribbon-on-new-120m-training-facility/https://www.news4jax.com/sports/2023/07/18/jaguars-ready-to-cut-ribbon-on-new-120m-training-facility/ |publisher=[[WJXT]] |access-date=18 July 2023}}</ref>
*  1950   &ndash; [[Jack Layton]], Canadian political scientist, academic, and politician (d. 2011)
*  1950   &ndash; [[Mark Udall]], American educator and politician<ref>{{CongLinks | congbio=u000038 | votesmart=12329 | fec=H8CO02087 | congress=mark-udall/1595 }}</ref>
*[[1951]] &ndash; [[Elio Di Rupo]], Belgian chemist, academic, and politician, 68th [[Prime Minister of Belgium]]
*  1951   &ndash; [[Margo Martindale]], American actress
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Ricky Skaggs]], American singer-songwriter, mandolin player, and producer<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2019/07/18/Famous-birthdays-for-July-18-Vin-Diesel-Kristen-Bell/8771563155558/|title=Famous birthdays for July 18: Vin Diesel, Kristen Bell|work=[[United Press International]]|date=July 18, 2019|access-date=August 7, 2019|archive-date=July 19, 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190719181941/https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2019/07/18/Famous-birthdays-for-July-18-Vin-Diesel-Kristen-Bell/8771563155558/|url-status=live|quote=Country singer Ricky Skaggs in 1954 (age 65)}}</ref> 
*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Bernd Fasching]], Austrian painter and sculptor
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Nick Faldo]], English golfer and sportscaster
*  1957   &ndash; [[Keith Levene]], English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (d. 2022) 
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Simon Heffer]], English journalist and author
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth McGovern]], American actress
*  1961   &ndash; [[Alan Pardew]], English footballer and manager
*  1961   &ndash; [[Pasi Rautiainen]], Finnish footballer, coach, and manager
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Shaun Micallef]], Australian comedian, producer, and screenwriter
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Marc Girardelli]], Austrian-Luxembourgian skier
*  1963   &ndash; [[Martín Torrijos]], Panamanian economist and politician, 35th [[President of Panama]]
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Wendy Williams]], American talk show host
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Vesselina Kasarova]], Bulgarian soprano
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Dan O'Brien]], American decathlete and coach
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Vin Diesel]], American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter<ref>{{cite book|author=Jacquetta Elizabeth Amdahl|title='Perpetual Others': The Role of Culture, Race and Nation in the Formation of a Mixed Race Identity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6LIwXWi0EC|year=2004|publisher=University of Minnesota|page=60}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Grant Bowler]], New Zealand-Australian actor
*  1968   &ndash; [[Scott Gourley]], Australian rugby player
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Gilbert]], American author
*  1969   &ndash; [[The Great Sasuke]], Japanese wrestler and politician
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Penny Hardaway]], American basketball player and coach
*  1971   &ndash; [[Sukhwinder Singh]], Indian singer-songwriter and actor
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Alan Morrison (poet)|Alan Morrison]], British poet
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Torii Hunter]], American baseball player
*  1975   &ndash; [[Daron Malakian]], American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
*  1975   &ndash; [[M.I.A. (rapper)|M.I.A.]], English rapper and producer<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/mia/43637|title=MIA's baby's name revealed|work=[[NME]]|location=UK|date=23 March 2009|access-date=2 April 2012|archive-date=17 April 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417074848/https://www.nme.com/news/music/mia-150-1305021|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Elsa Pataky]], Spanish actress
*  1976   &ndash; [[Go Soo-hee]], South Korean actress
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Alexander Morozevich]], Russian chess player and author
*  1977   &ndash; [[Kelly Reilly]], English actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=Today's famous birthdays list for July 18, 2022 includes celebrities Vin Diesel, Priyanka Chopra Jonas |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/07/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-july-18-2022-includes-celebrities-vin-diesel-priyanka-chopra-jonas.html |website=[[The Plain Dealer]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=17 July 2023 |date=18 July 2022}}</ref>
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Adabel Guerrero]], Argentinian actress, singer, and dancer
*  1978   &ndash; [[Shane Horgan]], Irish rugby player and sportscaster
*  1978   &ndash; [[Crystal Mangum]], American murderer responsible for making false rape allegations in the [[Duke lacrosse case]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/crystal-gail-mangum-profile-of-the-duke-rape-accuser|title=Crystal Gail Mangum: Profile of the Duke Rape Accuser|website=[[Fox News]]|date=11 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-25061046|title=Duke rape accuser guilty of murder|work=BBC News|date=22 November 2013}}</ref>
*  1978   &ndash; [[Joo Sang-wook]], South Korean actor
*  1978   &ndash; [[Ben Sheets]], American baseball player and coach
*  1978   &ndash; [[Mélissa Theuriau]], French journalist
*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Deion Branch]], American football player
*  1979   &ndash; [[Joey Mercury]], American wrestler and producer
*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Kristen Bell]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |title=Kristen Bell Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/facts/Kristen-Bell |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=28 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*  1980   &ndash; [[David Blu]], American–Israeli basketball player<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://basketball.realgm.com/player/David-Blu/Summary/1121|title=David Blu Player Profile, USC, NCAA Stats, International Stats, Events Stats, Game Logs, Awards - RealGM|website=basketball.realgm.com}}</ref>
*  1980   &ndash; [[Ryōko Hirosue]], Japanese actress<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flamme.co.jp/actress/profile.php?talentid=1 |title=FLaMme official website |language=ja |accessdate=7 January 2024}}</ref> 
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Dennis Seidenberg]], German ice hockey player
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Ryan Cabrera]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist
*  1982   &ndash; [[Priyanka Chopra]], Indian actress, singer, and film producer
*  1982   &ndash; [[Carlo Costly]], Honduran footballer 
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Mishaal Al-Saeed]], Saudi Arabian footballer<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mishaal Al-Saeed Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/8f5a5bac/Mishaal-Al-Saeed |access-date=2022-12-09 |website=FBref.com |language=en}}</ref>
*  1983   &ndash; [[Carlos Diogo]], Uruguayan footballer
*  1983   &ndash; [[Aaron Gillespie]], American singer-songwriter and drummer 
*  1983   &ndash; [[Mikk Pahapill]], Estonian decathlete
*  1983   &ndash; [[Jan Schlaudraff]], German footballer
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Ben Askren]], American mixed martial artist and boxer<ref>{{cite web |title=Ben Askren (Welterweight) MMA Profile |url=https://www.espn.com/mma/fighter/_/id/2500597/ben-askren |website=ESPN.com |access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1985]] &ndash; [[Chace Crawford]], American actor
*  1985   &ndash; [[Panagiotis Lagos]], Greek footballer
*  1985   &ndash; [[James Norton (actor)|James Norton]], English actor
*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Natalia Mikhailova]], Russian ice dancer
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Tontowi Ahmad]], Indonesian badminton player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/tontowi-ahmad|title=Tontowi Ahmad|website=Olympics|access-date=5 December 2019}}</ref>
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Änis Ben-Hatira]], German-Tunisian footballer
*  1988   &ndash; [[César Villaluz]], Mexican footballer
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Jamie Benn]], Canadian ice hockey player
*  1989   &ndash; [[Sebastian Mielitz]], German footballer
*  1989   &ndash; [[Yohan Mollo]], French footballer
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Canelo Álvarez]], Mexican boxer<ref>{{cite web |last1=Morilla |first1=Diego |title=Born on this day: Saul "Canelo" Alvarez |url=https://www.ringtv.com/641877-born-on-this-day-saul-canelo-alvarez/ |publisher=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]] |access-date=17 July 2023 |date=18 July 2022}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Mandy Rose]], American wrestler and television personality<ref>{{cite web |title=Mandy Rose |url=https://www.espn.com/wwe/story/_/id/21654744/wwe-profile-page-mandy-rose |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 July 2023 |date=31 October 2021}}</ref>
*  1991   &ndash; [[Eugenio Suárez]], Venezuelan baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Eugenio Suarez |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/eugenio-suarez-553993 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Lee Tae-min]], South Korean singer and actor<ref>{{cite web |title=K-pop's dance king Taemin's best moves |url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/fashion-beauty/article/3018972/k-pops-dance-king-taemins-best-moves-5-collaborative |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=28 June 2020 |language=en |date=18 July 2019}}</ref>
*  1993   &ndash; [[Michael Lichaa]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{cite web |title=Michael Lichaa |url=https://www.nrl.com/players/internationals/lebanon/michael-lichaa/ |website=National Rugby League |date=20 October 2017 |access-date=28 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Nilo Soares]], East Timorese footballer<ref>{{cite web |title=Nilo Soares - Player Profile - Football |url=https://www.eurosport.com/football/nilo-soares_prs404108/person.shtml |website=Eurosport |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Yung Lean]], Swedish rapper and singer-songwriter<ref>{{cite web |title=Yung Lean |url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/yung-lean/472502104 |website=Apple Music |access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>
*  1996   &ndash; [[Smriti Mandhana]], Indian cricketer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Smriti Mandhana|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/597806.html|access-date=2020-07-18|website=Cricinfo}}</ref>
*  1996   &ndash; [[Shudufhadzo Musida]], Miss South Africa 2020<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mueni|first=Priscillah|date=2020-10-25|title=Meet Shudufhadzo Musida, the newly crowned Miss SA|url=https://briefly.co.za/84063-shudufhadzo-musida-bio-age-parents-pictures-miss-sa-2020-profile.html|access-date=2020-10-25|website=Briefly|language=en}}</ref>
*[[1997]] &ndash; [[Bam Adebayo]], American basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Bam Adebayo Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft ... |url=https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/a/adebaba01.html |website=basketball-reference.com |access-date=July 16, 2024}}</ref>
*  1997   &ndash; [[Noah Lyles]], American sprinter<ref>{{cite web |title=Noah Lyles|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/noah-lyles-284369|publisher=World Athletics|access-date=7 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[2000]] &ndash; [[Sarah Kinsley]], American singer-songwriter<ref>{{cite web |title=Sarah Kinsley - Apple Music|url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/sarah-kinsley/1436737349 |website=Apple Music|access-date=April 4, 2025}}</ref>
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Agustina Roth]], Argentine BMX rider<ref>{{cite web |title=Cycling BMX {{!}} Athlete Profile: ROTH Agustina - Pan American Games Lima 2019 |url=https://wrsd.lima2019.pe/panam/en/results/cycling-bmx/athlete-profile-n1138841-roth-agustina.htm |website=wrsd.lima2019.pe |access-date=31 May 2020 |archive-date=19 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619141607/https://wrsd.lima2019.pe/panam/en/results/cycling-bmx/athlete-profile-n1138841-roth-agustina.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<!-- Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list. Do not trust “this year in history” websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. -->

==Deaths==
===Pre-1600===
*[[AD 707|707]] &ndash; [[Emperor Monmu]] of Japan (b. 683)
* [[715]] &ndash; [[Muhammad bin Qasim]], Umayyad general (b. 695)
* [[912]] &ndash; [[Zhu Wen]], Chinese emperor (b. 852)
* [[924]] &ndash; [[Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat]], Abbasid vizier (b. 855)
* [[928]] &ndash; [[Stephen II of Constantinople|Stephen II]], patriarch of [[Constantinople]]
* [[984]] &ndash; [[Dietrich I of Metz|Dietrich I]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz|Metz]]<ref name="theo">{{cite web |title=Theoderich I. von Metz |url=https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienD/Dietrich_von_Metz.html |website=heiligenlexikon.de |access-date=30 September 2018}}</ref>
*[[1100]] &ndash; [[Godfrey of Bouillon]], Frankish knight (b. 1016)
*[[1185]] &ndash; [[Stefan (archbishop of Uppsala)|Stefan]], first [[Archbishop of Uppsala]] (b. before 1143)
*[[1194]] &ndash; [[Guy of Lusignan]], king consort of Jerusalem (b. c. 1150)
*[[1232]] &ndash; [[John de Braose]], Marcher Lord of Bramber and Gower
*[[1270]] &ndash; [[Boniface of Savoy (bishop)|Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury]] 
*[[1300]] &ndash; [[Gerard Segarelli]], Italian religious leader, founded the [[Apostolic Brethren]] (b. 1240)
*[[1450]] &ndash; [[Francis I, Duke of Brittany]] (b. 1414)
*[[1488]] &ndash; [[Alvise Cadamosto]], Italian explorer (b. 1432)
*[[1566]] &ndash; [[Bartolomé de las Casas]], Spanish bishop and historian (b. c.1484)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parish |first1=Helen Rand |last2=Weidman |first2=Harold E. |title=The Correct Birthdate of Bartolomé de las Casas |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2514372 |journal=The Hispanic American Historical Review |access-date=12 July 2021 |pages=385–403 |doi=10.2307/2514372 |date=1976|volume=56 |issue=3 |jstor=2514372 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Clayton |first1=Lawrence A. |title=Bartolomé de las Casas and the Conquest of the Americas |date=23 November 2010 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4443-9273-9 |page=150 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP1WfJFLePsC&pg=PA150 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1591]] &ndash; [[Jacobus Gallus]], Slovenian composer (b. 1550)

===1601–1900===
*[[1608]] &ndash; [[Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg]] (b. 1546)
*[[1610]] &ndash; [[Caravaggio]], Italian painter (b. 1571)
*[[1639]] &ndash; [[Bernard of Saxe-Weimar]], German general (b. 1604)
*[[1650]] &ndash; [[Robert Levinz]], English Royalist, hanged in London by Parliamentary forces as a spy (b. 1615)<ref>{{DNB |wstitle=Levinz, Robert |first=Emily Tennyson |last=Bradley |author-link=Emily Tennyson Bradley |volume=33 |page=161}}</ref>
*[[1695]] &ndash; [[Johannes Camphuys]], Dutch politician, [[Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies]] (b. 1634)
*[[1698]] &ndash; [[Johann Heinrich Heidegger]], Swiss theologian and author (b. 1633)
*[[1721]] &ndash; [[Jean-Antoine Watteau]], French painter (b. 1684)
*[[1730]] &ndash; [[François de Neufville, duc de Villeroy]], French general (b. 1644)
*[[1756]] &ndash; [[Pieter Langendijk]], Dutch poet and playwright (b. 1683)
*[[1792]] &ndash; [[John Paul Jones]], Scottish-American admiral and diplomat (b. 1747)
*[[1817]] &ndash; [[Jane Austen]], English novelist  (b. 1775)<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Gambino |first1=Megan |title=The Top 10 Books Lost to Time |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-top-10-books-lost-to-time-83373197/ |access-date=12 September 2023 |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |date=19 September 2011}}</ref>
*[[1837]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo Borg]], Maltese merchant and rebel leader (b. 1777)
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[Robert Gould Shaw]], American colonel (b. 1837)
*[[1872]] &ndash; [[Benito Juárez]], Mexican lawyer and politician, 26th [[President of Mexico]] (b. 1806)
*[[1884]] &ndash; [[Ferdinand von Hochstetter]], Austrian geologist and academic (b. 1829)
*[[1890]] &ndash; [[Lydia Becker]], English journalist, author, and activist, co-founded the ''[[Women's Suffrage Journal]]'' (b. 1827)<ref>{{cite book|first=Michelle Elizabeth|last=Tusan|title=Women Making News: Gender and Journalism in Modern Britain|location=Urbana|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year=2005|page=263|isbn=978-0-2520-3015-4}}</ref>
*[[1892]] &ndash; [[Thomas Cook]], English travel agent, founded the [[Thomas Cook Group]] (b. 1808)<ref>{{cite web |title=Thomas Cook {{!}} British businessman {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Cook |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=11 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1899]] &ndash; [[Horatio Alger]], American novelist and journalist (b. 1832)

===1901–present===
*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Benjamin C. Truman]], American journalist and author (b. 1835)
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Louis-Nazaire Bégin]], Canadian cardinal (b. 1840)
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Jean Jules Jusserand]], French author and diplomat, [[List of French ambassadors to the United States|French Ambassador to the United States]] (b. 1855)
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Julian Bell]], English poet and academic (b. 1908)
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Marie of Romania]] (b. 1875)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pakula |first1=Hannah |title=The Last Romantic |date=1985 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |location=New York |isbn=0671463640 |page=418}}</ref>
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Thomas Sturge Moore]], English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1870)
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Evald Tipner]], Estonian footballer and ice hockey player (b. 1906)
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Herman Gummerus]], Finnish historian, academic, and politician (b. 1877)
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Vítězslav Novák]], Czech composer and educator (b. 1870)
*  1949   &ndash; [[Francisco Javier Arana]], Guatemalan Army colonel and briefly Guatemalan head of state (b. 1905)
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Carl Clinton Van Doren]], American critic and biographer (b. 1885)
*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Paul Saintenoy]], Belgian architect and historian (b. 1862)
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Machine Gun Kelly (gangster)|Machine Gun Kelly]], American gangster (b. 1895)
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Bobby Fuller]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Corneille Heymans]], Belgian physiologist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1892)
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Mary Jo Kopechne]], American educator and secretary (b. 1940)
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Jack Hawkins]], English actor (b. 1910)
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Vaughn Bodē]], American illustrator (b. 1941)
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Sonja Branting-Westerståhl]], Swedish lawyer (b. 1890)<ref>{{cite book|last=Harnesk|first=Paul|title=Vem är Vem?|location=Stockholm|publisher=Vem är Vem Bokförlag|year=1945|url=https://runeberg.org/vemarvem/sthlm45/0131.html|access-date=6 September 2019}}</ref>
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Roman Jakobson]], Russian–American linguist and theorist (b. 1896)
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Lally Bowers]], English actress (b. 1914)
*  1984   &ndash; [[Grigori Kromanov]], Estonian director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Gilberto Freyre]], Brazilian sociologist, anthropologist, historian, writer, painter, journalist and congressman (b. 1907)
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Nico]], German singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1938)
*  1988   &ndash; [[Joly Braga Santos]], Portuguese composer and conductor (b. 1924)
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Donnie Moore]], American baseball player (b. 1954)
*  1989   &ndash; [[Rebecca Schaeffer]], American model and actress (b. 1967)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.franksreelreviews.com/shorttakes/shaeffer/shaeffer.htm|last=Williams|first=Frank|title=The Stalking Death that Changed the Law: Rebecca Schaeffer Never Lived to Realize Her Success|website=frankseelreviews.com|access-date=20 July 2019}}</ref>
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Karl Menninger]], American psychiatrist and author (b. 1896)
*  1990   &ndash; [[Yun Posun]], South Korean politician, 2nd [[President of South Korea]] (b. 1897)
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Mimi Fariña]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Metin Toker]], Turkish journalist and author (b. 1924)
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[André Castelot]], Belgian-French historian and author (b. 1911)
*  2004   &ndash; [[Émile Peynaud]], French wine maker (b. 1912)
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Amy Gillett]], Australian cyclist and rower (b. 1976)
*  2005   &ndash; [[William Westmoreland]], American general (b. 1914)
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Henry Hewes (critic)|Henry Hewes]], American theater writer (b. 1917)<ref>{{cite news |title=Henry Hewes, Theater Critic, 89, Is Dead|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Isherwood, Charles|author-link=Charles Isherwood|date=July 20, 2006|access-date=March 11, 2020| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/20/theater/20hewes.html?ex=1311048000&en=b9f130d20a9f31a3&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; [[Jerry Hadley]], American tenor (b. 1952)
*  2007   &ndash; [[Kenji Miyamoto (politician)|Kenji Miyamoto]], Japanese politician (b. 1908)
*[[2009]] &ndash; [[Henry Allingham]], English soldier (b. 1896)<ref>{{cite web |title=Henry William Allingham, 6 June 1896 - 18 July 2009 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/radio4/entries/7e185c19-18d1-3267-a230-705aa674f52a |website=BBC |access-date=11 January 2020 |language=en |date=19 July 2009}}</ref>
*  2009   &ndash; [[Jill Balcon]], English actress (b. 1925)
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[Yosef Shalom Eliashiv]], Lithuanian-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1910)
*  2012   &ndash; [[Jean François-Poncet]], French politician and diplomat, [[Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (France)|French Minister of Foreign Affairs]] (b. 1928)
*  2012   &ndash; [[Dawoud Rajiha]], Syrian general and politician, [[Ministry of Defense (Syria)|Syrian Minister of Defense]] (b. 1947)
*  2012   &ndash; [[Assef Shawkat]], Syrian general and politician (b. 1950)
*  2012   &ndash; [[Hasan Turkmani]], Syrian general and politician, [[Ministry of Defense (Syria)|Syrian Minister of Defense]] (b. 1935)
*  2012   &ndash; [[Rajesh Khanna]], Indian actor (b. 1942)
*[[2013]] &ndash; [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]], Indian poet, songwriter, and actor (b. 1931)
*  2013   &ndash; [[Olivier Ameisen]],  French-American cardiologist and academic (b. 1953)
*[[2014]] &ndash; [[Andreas Biermann]], German footballer (b. 1980)
*  2014   &ndash; [[João Ubaldo Ribeiro]], Brazilian journalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
*  2014   &ndash; [[Dietmar Schönherr]], Austrian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
*[[2015]] &ndash; [[Alex Rocco]], American actor (b. 1936)
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Gold]], American food critic (b. 1960)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/notable-deaths-in-2018/2/|title= Notable deaths in 2018 : Jonathan Gold|newspaper=CBS News|access-date=August 11, 2018}}</ref>
*  2018   &ndash; [[Adrian Cronauer]], American radio personality (b. 1938)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/notable-deaths-in-2018/4/|title= Notable deaths in 2018 : Adrian Cronauer|newspaper=CBS News|access-date=August 13, 2018 }}</ref>
*[[2021]] &ndash; [[Tom O'Connor (comedian)|Tom O'Connor]], English comedian (b. 1939)<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Shafer|first1=Ellise|date=2021-07-18|title=Tom O'Connor, Comedian and Veteran Game Show Host, Dies at 81|url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/tom-oconnor-dead-dies-comedian-game-show-host-1235022362/|access-date=2021-07-19|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; [[Oommen Chandy]], Indian politician, former [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] (b. 1943)<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 July 2023 |title=Oommen Chandy's death due to complications from cancer |language=en |newspaper=Deccan Herald |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/oommen-chandys-death-due-to-complications-from-cancer-1238193.html |access-date=18 July 2023}}</ref>
*   [[2024]] &ndash; [[Lou Dobbs]], American political commentator and television host (b. 1945)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjjwy5dxdy2o|title= Former US news anchor Lou Dobbs dies at 78|newspaper=BBC News|access-date=July 19, 2024}}</ref>
*   2024 &ndash; [[Abner Haynes]], American football player (b. 1937)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-19 |title=Ex-AFL MVP, Chiefs star RB Haynes dies at 86 |url=https://www.espn.ph/nfl/story/_/id/40593994/chiefs-hall-famer-abner-haynes-1960-afl-mvp-dies-86 |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref>
*   2024 &ndash; [[Bob Newhart]], American comedian and actor (b. 1929)<ref>{{cite web |last=Barnes |first=Mike |date=July 18, 2024 |title=Bob Newhart, Dean of the Deadpan Delivery, Dies at 94 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/bob-newhart-dead-sitcom-legend-1235952438/ |accessdate=July 18, 2024 |publisher=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref>
<!-- Do not add yourself or other people without Wikipedia articles to this list. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.-->

==Holidays and observances==
*Christian [[Calendar of saints|feast day]]:
**[[Arnulf of Metz]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Collections Online {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG143347 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref>
**[[Bruno (bishop of Segni)|Bruno of Segni]]<ref name=Beutner>{{cite book |last1=Beutner |first1=Dawn Marie |title=Saints: Becoming an Image of Christ Every Day of the Year |date=2020 |publisher=Ignatius Press |isbn=978-1-62164-341-8 |pages=269–270 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p-r5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA269 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Camillus de Lellis]] (optional memorial, United States only)<ref name=Beutner />
**[[Eadburh of Bicester|Eadburh (or Edburga) of Bicester]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Edburga of Bicester |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095741850 |website=Oxford Reference |access-date=12 July 2021 |language=en }}</ref>
**[[Elizabeth Ferard]] ([[Church of England]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tristram |first1=Brother |title=Exciting Holiness: Collects and Readings for the Festivals and Lesser Festivals of the Calendars of the Church of England, the Church of Ireland, the Scottish Episcopal Church and the Church in Wales |date=3 January 2013 |publisher=Canterbury Press |isbn=978-1-84825-365-0 |page=585 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eWmmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT585 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Frederick of Utrecht]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Collections Online {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG151499 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref>
**[[Maternus (bishop of Milan)|Maternus of Milan]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Watkins |first1=Basil |title=The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary |date=19 November 2015 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-0-567-66414-3 |page=507 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a06TCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA507 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Pambo]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Venerable Pambo the Hermit of Egypt |url=https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2008/07/18/102051-venerable-pambo-the-hermit-of-egypt |website=www.oca.org |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref>
**[[Philastrius]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=FORSTER (F.L.S.) |first1=Thomas |title=The Perennial Calendar, and Companion to the Almanack; Illustrating the Events of Every Day in the Year, as Connected with History, Chronology, Botany, Etc. With Useful Rules of Health, Observations on the Weather, Etc. Compiled from Scientific Authorities as Well as from the Manuscripts of Several Distinguished Persons, and Revised and Edited by T. F. |date=1824 |page=777 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tw9bAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA777 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Symphorosa]]<ref name=Beutner />
**[[Theodosia of Constantinople]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Philippides |first1=Marios |last2=Hanak |first2=Walter K. |title=The Siege and the Fall of Constantinople in 1453: Historiography, Topography, and Military Studies |date=2 May 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-01608-3 |page=342 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQbGDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT342 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)]]
*[[Constitution Day (Uruguay)]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burford |first1=Tim |last2=Connolly |first2=Sean |title=Uruguay |date=16 September 2017 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |isbn=978-1-78477-059-4 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GOA2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Nelson Mandela International Day]]<ref>{{cite web |title=International Days |url=https://www.un.org/en/sections/observances/international-days/ |website=www.un.org |access-date=2 January 2021 |language=en |date=6 January 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
* {{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/18 |title=On This Day |publisher=BBC}}
* {{NYT On this day|month=07|day=18}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.onthisday.com/events/july/18 |title=Historical Events on July 18 |publisher=OnThisDay.com}}

{{months}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:July 18}}
[[Category:Days of July]]