Editing Jules Lemaître

{{short description|French critic and dramatist (1853–1914)}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name          = Jules Lemaître
| image         = Portrait of Jules Lemaître.jpg
| imagesize     =
| caption       = 
| birth_name    = François Élie Jules Lemaître 
| birth_date    = {{birth date|df=yes|1853|4|27}}
| birth_place   = [[Vennecy]], [[Second French Empire|French Empire]]
| death_date    = {{death date and age|df=yes|1914|8|4|1853|4|27}}
| death_place   = [[Tavers]], [[French Third Republic|France]]
| occupation    = Literary critic, and author
| nationality   = 
| citizenship   = 
| education     = 
| alma_mater    =
| period        = 
| genre         =
| subjects      =
| movement      = 
| notableworks  = 
| spouse        = 
| partner       =
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| relatives     =
| signature     = Signature of Jules Lemaître.png
}}{{Conservatism in France|Intellectuals}}

'''François Élie Jules Lemaître''' (27 April 1853 – 4 August 1914) was a French [[critic]] and [[dramatist]].

==Biography==
Lemaître was born in [[Vennecy]], [[Loiret]]. He became a professor at the [[University of Grenoble]] in 1883, but was already well known for his [[literary criticism]], and in 1884 he resigned his position to devote his time to literature. Lemaître succeeded [[Jean-Jacques Weiss]] as drama critic of the ''[[Journal des Débats]]'', and subsequently filled the same office on the ''[[Revue des Deux Mondes]]''. His literary studies were collected under the title of ''Les Contemporains'' (7 series, 1886–99), and his dramatic feuilletons as ''Impressions de Théàtre'' (10 series, 1888–98).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Lemaître's sketches of modern authors show great insight and unexpected judgment as well as gaiety and originality of expression. He was admitted to the [[French Academy]] on 16 January 1896. Lemaître's political views were defined in ''La Campagne Nationaliste'' (1902), lectures delivered in the provinces by him and by [[Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac|Godefroy Cavaignac]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Lemaître conducted a nationalist campaign in the ''[[Écho de Paris]]'', and was for some time president of the [[Ligue de la Patrie Française]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}
The Ligue originated in 1898 with three young academics, [[Louis Dausset]], [[Gabriel Syveton]] and [[Henri Vaugeois]], who wanted to show that Dreyfusism was not accepted by all at the University.{{sfn|Pierrard|1998|p=180}}
They launched a petition that attacked [[Émile Zola]] and what many saw as an internationalist, pacifist left-wing conspiracy.{{sfn|Conner|2014|p=160}}
[[Charles Maurras]] gained the interest of the writer [[Maurice Barrès]], and the movement gained the support of three eminent personalities: the geographer [[Marcel Dubois]], the poet [[François Coppée]] and the critic and Jules Lemaître.{{sfn|Pierrard|1998|p=180}}

Lemaître resigned from the Ligue de la Patrie Française 1904, and dedicated the rest of his life to writing.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}
He died in [[Tavers]], aged 61.

==Publications==
{{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=22em}}
'''Non-fiction'''
* ''La Comédie après Molière et le Théâtre de Dancourt'' (1882).
* ''Quomodo Cornelius Noster Aristotelis Poeticam sit Interpretatus'' (1882).
* ''Les Contemporains. Études et Portraits Littéraires'' (7 vols., 1886–1899; 8th vol. posthumous).
* ''Corneille et la Poétique d'Aristote'' (1888).
* ''Impressions de Théâtre'' (10 vols., 1888–1898).
* ''L'Imagier, Études et Portraits Contemporains'' (1892).
* ''Jean-Jacques Rousseau'' (1907).
* ''Jean Racine'' (1908).
* ''Fénelon'' (1910).
* ''Châteaubriand'' (1912).
* ''Les Péchés de Sainte-Beuve'' (1913).

'''Theater'''
* ''Révoltée'' (1889).
* ''Le Député Leveau'' (1890).
* ''Mariage Blanc'' (1891).
* ''Flipote'' (1893).
* ''Le Pardon'' (1895).
* ''L'Âge Difficile'' (1895).
* ''La Bonne Hélène'' (1896).
* ''L'Aînée'' (1898).
* ''Bertrade'' (1905).
* ''La Massière'' (1905).
* ''Le Mariage de Télémaque'' (1910).
* ''Kismet'' (1912).
* ''Un Salon'' (1924, posthumous).

'''Poetry'''
* ''Les Médaillons'' (1880).
* ''Petites Orientales'' (1883).

'''Miscellaneous''' 
* ''Sérénus, Histoire d'un Martyr. Contes d'Autrefois et d'Aujourd'hui'' (1886).
* ''Dix Contes'' (1890).
* ''Les Rois'' (1893).
* ''Myrrha, Vierge et Martyre'' (1894).
* ''La Franc-maçonnerie'' (1899).
* ''Contes Blancs: la Cloche; la Chapelle Blanche; Mariage Blanc'' (1900).
* ''En Marge des Vieux Livres'' (1905–1907).
* ''Discours Royalistes, 1908–1911'' (1911).
* ''La Vieillesse d'Hélène. Nouveaux Contes en Marge'' (1914).

'''Works in English translation'''
* ''The Eldest: Comedy in Four Acts'' (189–?).
* [http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=livn&cc=livn&idno=livn0212-1&node=livn0212-1%3A2&view=image&seq=65&size=100 "A Modern 'Morality',"] ''The Living Age'' (1897).
* "The Snobs." In: '' The Universal Anthology'' (1899).
* [https://archive.org/stream/jeanjacquesrouss00lema#page/n5/mode/2up ''Jean Jacques Rousseau''] (1907).
* ''Their Majesties the Kings'' (1909).
* [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015008442421;view=1up;seq=7 ''Forgiveness: A Play in Three Acts''] (1913).
* [https://archive.org/stream/threemodernplays00laveiala#page/130/mode/2up "The Pardon."] In: ''Three Modern Plays from the French'' (1914).
* ''A Modern Book of Criticism'' (1919).
** [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b256371;view=1up;seq=37 "The Criticism of Contemporaries,"] pp.&nbsp;15–19.
** [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b256371;view=1up;seq=42 "Personality in Criticism,"] pp.&nbsp;20–23.
** [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b256371;view=1up;seq=45 "Tradition and Love,"] pp.&nbsp;23–25.
* [https://archive.org/stream/serenusotherstor00lemaiala#page/n7/mode/2up ''Serenus and Other Stories of the Past and Present''] (1920).
* [https://archive.org/stream/literaryimpressi00lemauoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Literary Impressions''] (1921).
* "Princess Mimi," ''The Living Age'' (1921).
* ''Theatrical Impressions'' (1924).
* ''On the Margins of Old Books'' (1929).
{{div col end}}

==Quotations==
* "There are a thousand ways of seeing the same object."<ref>Pène du Bois, Henri (1894). [https://archive.org/stream/frenchfollyinmax01pene#page/n7/mode/2up ''French Folly in Maxims.''] New York: Brentano's, p. 10.</ref>
* "The body has a character as complex and as difficult to comprehend as the moral character whereof it is the translation and the symbol."<ref>Pène du Bois (1894), p. 10.</ref> 
* "Happiness is so fragile that one risks the loss of it by talking of it.<ref>Pène du Bois, Henri (1897). [https://archive.org/stream/wittywisewickedm00peneiala#page/n3/mode/2up ''Witty, Wise and Wicked Maxims.''] New York: Brentano's, p. 16.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
*{{citation
 |last=Conner|first=Tom|title=The Dreyfus Affair and the Rise of the French Public Intellectual
 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tdFsAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA160|accessdate=2016-03-08
 |date=2014-04-24|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-7862-0}}
*{{citation
 |last=Pierrard|first=Pierre|title=Les Chrétiens et l'affaire Dreyfus
 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UnPtSvuf2O0C&pg=PA180|accessdate=2016-03-07
 |year=1998|publisher=Editions de l'Atelier|isbn=978-2-7082-3390-4}}
{{refend}}
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Lemaître, François Élie Jules|volume=16|page=408}}

==Further reading==
* Blaze de Bury, Yetta (1898). [https://archive.today/20141022064245/http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc2.ark:/13960/t46q21j0b;view=1up;seq=197 "Jules Lemaître."] In: ''French Literature of To-day.'' Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and Company, pp.&nbsp;183–210.
* Clark, Barrett H. (1916). [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015053610872;view=1up;seq=157 "Jules Lemaître."] In: ''Contemporary French Dramatists.'' Cincinnati: Stewart & Kidd Co., pp.&nbsp;121–136.
* Donoso, Armando (1914). ''Lemaitre, Crítico Literario.'' Santiago de Chile: Empresa "Zig-zag".
* Henry, Stuart Oliver (1897). [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044086989233;view=1up;seq=103 "Jules Lemaître"]. In: ''Hours with Famous Parisians.'' Chicago: Way and Williams, pp.&nbsp;97–109.
* Lewisohn, Ludwig (1915). [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$b276062;view=1up;seq=106 "The Humanists."] In: ''The Modern Drama.'' New York, B.W. Huebsch, pp.&nbsp;90–99.
* [[Brander Matthews|Matthews, Brander]] (1895). [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89041243270;view=1up;seq=133 "Jules Lemaître."] In: ''Books and Play-books.'' London: Osgood, McIlvaine & co., pp.&nbsp;117–137.
* Morice, Henri (1924). ''Jules Lemaître.'' Paris: Perrin et Cie.
* Schinz, A. (1907). "Jules Lemaitre Versus Democracy," ''The Bookman,'' pp.&nbsp;85–88.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=5505| name=Jules Lemaître}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Jules Lemaître |sopt=w}} 
* {{Librivox author |id=9585}}
* [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Lema%C3%AEtre,%20Jules,%201853-1914.%22&type=author&inst= Works by Jules Lemaître], at [[Hathi Trust]]

{{Académie française Seat 20}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lemaitre, Jules}}
[[Category:1853 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Loiret]]
[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century French dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:20th-century French dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:French monarchists]]
[[Category:Members of the Académie Française]]
[[Category:French literary critics]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Grenoble Alpes University]]
[[Category:Members of the Ligue de la patrie française]]